CHILDREN IN 2011 United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) Field Office - UNICEF , 2012 Cover Photos: © UNICEF/2011

Reporting period: January-December 2011, unless otherwise indicated.

2 • Children in Somaliland • UNICEF Hargeisa Contents

UNICEF in Somaliland in 2011 4

Results for Children Nutrition 8 Health 9 Child Health Days 10 Water, Sanitation and Hygiene 11 Education 12 Child Protection 13

Cross-Cutting Priorities and Coordination 14

Supplies for Children 16

Partners and Donors 17

Acronyms 17

Children in Somaliland • UNICEF Hargeisa • 3 UNICEF IN SOMALILAND IN 2011 hildren in Somaliland continued to enjoy relative stability This past year, children in Somaliland were hardly spared from in 2011, although challenges remain significant for those the dramatic consequences of the prolonged drought which still Cmost vulnerable. After being voted into office in Somalil- continues to affect the Horn of Africa. The latter half of 2011 saw and’s third consecutive peaceful transition in power, the new a surge in malnutrition rates —reaching particularly high levels government elected in 2009 completed its second year in 2011 among internally displaced (IDP) children—while the drought se- with firm and renewed commitments towards putting human riously weighed down on people’s livelihoods, notably in remote development at the centre of its agenda, with a particular focus and rural areas. on accelerating progress towards the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Although there are signs at the start of In 2011, Somaliland indeed saw the 2012 that the situa- adoption of a National Development tion is improving in Plan for 2012-2016, with several Somaliland, this latest important components placing chil- crisis only further dren at the centre of development highlighted the need priorites. A number of initiatives to invest in ensuring were also rolled out, bringing direct lasting change for benefits for women and children— children, and solidly including the government’s decision anchor Somaliland on to abolish school fees in an effort a path towards transi- to move towards universal free tion and development, education. Multiple policies—from with children at the supporting youth through to revis- centre of the agenda as iting and improving systems in the health, nutrition and water a matter of priority for today and tomorrow’s generations. sectors—were also adopted or carried forward over the year, with support from UN partners including UNICEF. Significant challenges remain in making sure basic services reach the hardest to reach and most vulnerable groups, including Seeing the impact of several years of failed rains on Somaliland’s children and women from nomadic communities, the internally most vulnerable populations, the government, UN agencies and displaced, as well as women and children from migrant families, civil society partners banded together to review and improve amongst others. disaster risk reduction and management frameworks.

4 • Children in Somaliland • UNICEF Hargeisa unicef’s work in somaliland into therapeutic feeding programmes over the year, combined with emergency water, sanitation and hygiene efforts reach- ing over 130,000 vulnerable and displaced people. High impact resent in Somaliland since 1972, and operating out of large-scale programmes including Child Health Days (CHDs)—an Hargeisa, with a logistics hub in the port town of Berbera, initiative which began in 2008 under the leadership of the Minis- UNICEF continued its efforts over the past year, working P try of Health and in partnership with WHO—continued with a new alongside communities, civil society and government authorities round conducted in July 2011, reaching and protecting more than to advance women and children’s survival and development, and 300,000 children and 250,000 women from vaccine-preventable protect children’s rights. UNICEF works with government and diseases. local civil society partners to advance development-oriented efforts, including building capacity of health and nutrition staff; Policy-level and upstream investment in building better sys- expanding services; working to strengthen management of the tems also took place across all sectors—from efforts to review Somaliland health system; and extending sustainable long-term Somaliland’s Health policy; supporting the adoption of Somalil- access to safe water, with a particular focus on developing solu- and’s National Youth Policy; developing a national Infant and tions for rural communities. UNICEF also worked to support Young Child Feeding (IYCF) Strategy; through to conducting a capacity-building of government counterparts in the water sector, nationwide child protection systems mapping exercise, support- particularly at decentralised levels, and worked with partners to ing Education Policy and Planning under the Integrated Capacity launch Community-Led Total Sanitation across different rural vil- Development for Somali Education Administra- lages in Somaliland as a way to put commu- tion (ICDSEA) programme, and upgrading Edu- nities in charge of improving and maintaining cation Information Management Systems in a better and safer sanitation. Integrating efforts nationwide census of Somaliland’s primary school across sectors was another priority, with system, with data currently being consolidated as investments to improve water, sanitation and of April 2012. hygiene in Somaliland’s schools, benefiting more than 90,000 children in 2011. UNICEF also continued to work closely with government and United Nations partners under UNICEF also placed a strong focus on equity- the Joint Programme on Local Governance (UN- driven approaches to programming with the JPLG), with efforts to lead and support commu- aim of bringing services closer to home for nity consultations. In addition, UNICEF continued women and children in isolated and remote areas. Efforts in 2011 chairing the Social Sector pillar of the UN Somali Assistance included a scale-up of nutrition and health activities, with the Strategy (UNSAS). Implementation of the Multi-Indicator Cluster admission of more than 13,000 severely malnourished children

Children in Somaliland • UNICEF Hargeisa • 5 Survey (MICS) was a further large-scale undertaking, with results Meanwhile, more than twenty donors have been essential in scheduled to help inform future programming, using disaggre- achieving results for children in Somaliland in 2011, including gated data to ensure further equity-driven approaches to reach bilateral government donors, inter-governmental donors and those children and women most in need (more details below). UNICEF National Committees. UNICEF is tremendously grateful for donors’ contributions and for the efforts by all of its partners, working together for children and looks forward to expanded and future partnerships to con- tinue advancing children’s rights, development and well being. Partnerships for children have been, and continue to be, the cornerstone for all of UNICEF’s efforts across Somaliland. Work- SOMALILAND GENERAL PROFILE ing with multiple central and decentralised government authori- ties deeply committed to development in a context with a lively, Child Mortality Water, Sanitation and Hygiene active and vibrant civil society, UNICEF has anchored its Somalil- 1 in 9 40% 40.5% and programme on key principles of cooperation, alignment and children dies before Households with access Households with access support to national priorities for child survival, development and their fifth birthday to improved sanitation to improved water sources well being. UNICEF’s partners include more than ten different 1 in 11 ministries and central government offices, along with these min- children dies before Education Child Protection istries’ regional and district offices in sectors including education, their first birthday 38% health and water, justice, and social affairs, among others. Direct Nutrition 45.2% for girls 35.9% partnerships also exist with six districts for community-level Primary school net Children aged 5-14 years 5% attendance ratio engaged in child labour development through the Joint Programme on Local Governance Children 0-6 months and Service Delivery, and UNICEF also works with a number of exclusively breastfed municipal authorities across Somaliland. Under five children per region(% of total) Source: MICS3, UNICEF’s programmes also benefit from a network of close to 2006 forty non-governmental partners, the vast majority of which are SanaagSanag local, Somaliland-based. Bringing together government and civil Togdher 10.1%10% society partners, UNICEF also supports Ministries to coordinate Maroodi 21.9%21% actors in the key sectors of education, water and sanitation, as Galbeed Jeex SoolSool well as nutrition within the overall health sector. This effort also 39.3% 10% extends to the cluster system in place in Somaliland to respond 39% 9.7% Source: to humanitarian needs. Working within government coordinated (incl. Hargeisa) AwdalAwdal CHD 2011 Sahil sector groups UNICEF notably continued to chair and lead the 13.1%13% Sahil planning 5.8%6% Nutrition, Education and WASH Clusters. figures.

6 • Children in Somaliland • UNICEF Hargeisa Children in Somaliland • UNICEF Hargeisa • 7 NUTRITION RESULTS UNICEF SUPPORTED PROGRAMME ► Integrated Management of Acute Malnutrition (IMAM) 15,795 100,162 Children under-five admitted and received 5 life-saving treatment for Severe Acute Pregnant and lactating women supplemented Stabilisation Centres Malnutrition (SAM), Jan/Dec 2011. * with multiple micronutrients 37 (Jan/Dec 2011**) Outpatient Therapeutic Programme Health workers trained on (OTP) static sites 102 Infant and Young Child Feeding 47,693 250 Health workers trained on School-going children reached with OTP sites covered by 32 mobile teams Integrated Management of deworming tablets in 51 schools 73 Acute Malnutrition ► Micronutrient Supplementation * >90% partners reporting for December 2011. **MoH HMIS Data. 78 NUTRITION CLUSTER Health facilities providing POLICIES AND CAPACITY BUILDING micronutrients for under-5 children Local and • Finalisation and endorsement of the Somaliland Nutrition Strategy. • Development of a national Somaliland Infant & Young Child Feeding and pregnant/lactating women international Strategy and Plan of Action. 20+ partners ► Infant and Young Child Feeding • Institutional support to the Ministry of Health—Nutrition Unit • Nutrition Capacity Mapping and Qualitative Assessments. 2011 DROUGHT CRISIS: NUTRITION SITUATION MAP EMERGENCY RESPONSES Further to the deteriorating drought situation, UNICEF triggered a scale-up of Very Critical preventive, routine and emergency efforts to meet children’s needs: Erigavo Expansion of Integrated Management of Acute Malnutrition Berbera Critical SAHIL +1 Stabilisation Centre - Sool Region Borama M.JEEX Serious +7 Static outpatient therapeutic programme sites +56 Mobile outreach outpatient therapeutic programme sites Hargeisa Burao Alert Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF) TOGDHEER SOOL • Increased promotion of appropriate IYCF practice through accelerated roll-out of IYCF counselling training for health workers & volunteers

Las Anod • Strengthened monitoring of all violations to the Somaliland breast milk substitute marketing code Micronutrients • Scaled-up multiple micronutrients supplementation for U5 children, This map represents the nutrition situation at the height of the drought crisis in pregnant/lactating women alongside zinc supplementation for diarrhoea the second half of 2011. Most affected: Nugal Valley (Sool), West Golis/Guban (Ber- case managemen & increased deworming activities in primary schools bera), Burao IDPs (Togdheer), Sool Plateau, Berbera IDPs, Coastal Sanaag. Monitoring and Surveillance Source: FSNAU as of 16 August 2011. • Support for post-Deyr 2011/12 nutrition assessments

8 • Children in Somaliland • UNICEF Hargeisa HEALTH POLICY, SYSTEMS & CAPACITY BUILDING 160 District-level Health-facility staff trained in Mid-Level Management PRIMARY HEALTH CARE • Support in the on-going development of the Somaliland National Health Policy, provision of Supported with top-up incentives for health staff. 80 • Comprehensive assessment conducted of human, financial and material resources avail- Maternal and Child Health Centres essential medicines, able across the Somaliland Health System, ahead of the roll-out of the Essential Package of drugs and Health Services (EPHS), planned for 2012. 160 medical • Continued support for the Somaliland Health Management Information Systems (HMIS). Health Posts equipment. • Establishment of a Communication Unit within the Ministry of Health to strengthen pro- gramme communication and Communication for Development (C4D) efforts. CATCHMENT REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH HMIS POPULATION >760,000 Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn • Efforts underway to improve linkage 7 Care (BEmONC) facilities supported. of HMIS data between health post, ROUTINE IMMUNISATIONS MCH and regional levels. Comprehensive Emergency Obstetric and • Development, dissemination and 74,623 22,991 2 Newborn Care (CEmONC) facilities supported. distribution of HMIS reporting tools. Children vaccinated Women receiving • Regular field supportive supervision. against measles three doses of tetanus through routine EPI*. toxoid through routine EPI. PARTNERSHIP WITH THE GLOBAL FUND As principal recipient for the Global Fund, UNICEF works in Somaliland with multiple government 17 6 and civil society partners on roll-back malaria efforts, HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment, and Districts supported Regional Cold Chains health-systems strengthening, including improving health management information systems. to roll-out the Reach- supported for vaccine storage

Every District approach Source: HMIS Data - January-December 2011. MALARIA PREVENTION HIV/AIDS *EPI: Expanded Programme on Immunisations. 4,595 5,002 781 NATIONAL IMMUNISATION DAYS Households in 37 villages received 2 People accessed voluntary People benefiting long-lasting insecticide treated nets. confidential counseling from anti-retroviral 404,634 and testing therapy Children reached with Oral-Polio 4,625 Households benefited from Indoor 21 180 Vaccine (Round 1 - April) Residual Spraying (IRS) Health facilities providing Youth trained as peer Prevention of Mother-to educators for life-skills 411,290 52 -Child Transmission services HIV prevention/outreach Health staff trained 98-99% • New CD4-testing machine installed at Burao Children reached with Oral-Polio on malaria epidemic COVERAGE Hospital (Togdheer) and ten staff from across Vaccine (Round 2 - November) preparedness & response • Support for post-Deyr 2011/12 nutrition assessments Somaliland trained on conducting CD4 tests.

Children in Somaliland • UNICEF Hargeisa • 9 CHILD HEALTH DAYS 2011 Legend PARTNERSHIP FOR CHILD HEALTH >95% Child Health Days started in Somaliland in late 2008. Under the MEASLES COVERAGE BY DISTRICT leadership of the Ministry of Health, the initiative was rolled 90-95% out by the WHO and UNICEF. The objective is to reach every community with a package of essential services for children 80-90% and women. AWDAL SAHIL SANAAG Child Health Days raise awareness on vaccinations, boost im- 70-80% munization rates, promote child and maternal health, and en- courage people to take an active role in safeguarding children’s M.JEEX <70% right to quality care.

TOGDHEER Campaign This first round for 2011—and 6th round since 2008—targeted SOOL overall coverage more than 448,000 children under five and over 515,300 wom- 84% en of child-bearing age.

Coverage/districts’ child population density (% of child population reached by coverage level) 11 % 3% 59% 4% 23% IMMUNISATIONS MICRONUTRIENTS SAFE WATER POLIO 381,486 VITAMIN A Children aged 0 to 59 months immunised 85% 338,850 371,203 COVERAGE Children aged 6 to 59 Children under five months reached 84% DIPHTERIA, PERTUSSIS, TETANUS COVERAGE reached with distributions of water 83% 66,840 DEWORMING purification tablets. COVERAGE Children aged 12 weeks to 23 months immunised 75% 271,870 COVERAGE DIARRHOEA Children aged 12 to 59 76% MANAGEMENT MEASLES months reached COVERAGE 323,986 Children aged 9 to 59 months immunised 85% NUTRITION SCREENING 379,780 COVERAGE Children under five reached with distributions TETANUS TOXOID 309,106 Children screened of oral rehydration salts. 85% COVERAGE 259,412 50% using MUAC tape Severe Mild Normal Women of child-bearing age reached COVERAGE measurements 3,636 35,609 269,861 Source: Ministry of Health, World Health Organization, UNICEF.

10 • Children in Somaliland • UNICEF Hargeisa WATER, SANITATION & HYGIENE Time to water source: Percent distribution of households

Population Use of water Water on 17.2% with access sources premises: to protected Erigavo <15 mins. AWDAL Berbera water sources 59.5% 13.7% UNIMPROVED SAHIL 30 mins. Borama SANAAG < 1 hour M.JEEX One 23.7% in Three Under 20% 15 < 30 mins. HARGEISA Burao households is an 13.0% hour or more away SOOL 20-40% TOGDHEER More than from their main an hour: 31.3% source of drinking Las Anod 40.5% water. 40-60% IMPROVED Source: MICS3, 2006. Source: Adapted from SWALIM. Adapted from SWALIM. Source: UNICEF PROGRAMME EMERGENCY RESPONSES IN 2011

SYSTEMS AND CAPACITY BUILDING • Training and incentives for central Ministry of Water Staff 134,400 • Support to decentralised offices and water agencies in Burao and Borama. People reached with emergency water trucking efforts • Support for Ministry of Water monitoring, planing and priority setting. during March/May early 2011 drought response • Technical assistance for rural replication of water public-private partnership model SUSTAINED SAFE WATER 21,909 Households received water purification tablets in 45 120,000 villages of Sool, Sanaag and Togdheer (March-May 2011) People benefiting from sustained access to water through boreholes, wells, water networks and water sector public-private partnerships 54,000 SANITATION AND HYGIENE PROMOTION Rural households benefited from rehabilitation to wells, 121,350 boreholes and springs for use during drought periods. People benefiting from the construction of latrines and hygiene 45,000 awareness activities. IDPs in Togdheer, Sool, Sanaag and Maroodi Jeex 17 supported with hygiene promotion and latrines. Rural communities supported to roll-out Community-Led Total Sanitation for a catchment population of 100,900 people (on-going). SOMALILAND WASH CLUSTER

WASH IN SCHOOLS • WASH Cluster reactivated in 2011 SCHOOL 20+ • Monthly Coordination meetings 90,000 Local and • Co-Chaired by the Ministry of Mining, Children in 165 schools in Somaliland benefiting from upgraded international Energy and Water Resources and UNICEF WASH facilities in schools. partners

Children in Somaliland • UNICEF Hargeisa • 11 EDUCATION UNICEF PROGRAMME ACCESS TO EDUCATION Primary School Net Gender Parity Index Attendance Ratio 30,894 SCHOOL 0.72 Newly enrolled children in 2011. 45.2 1,980 Children benefited from construction of eleven new permanent 52.7 38.0 schools in remote hard-to-reach areas of Sool and Sanaag. BOYS GIRLS QUALITY EDUCATION 128,500 Secondary School Net Attendance Ratio Children benefiting from textbooks distributed in 130 schools by the Ministry of Education, UNICEF and UNESCO. For 100 children in primary school 58 are boys, 42 are girls 651 11.0 Early Childhood Community Education Community Members trained in 93 schools 16.1 5.6 Education on school management & supervision. BOYS GIRLS 5.7% 60 of children in Somaliland Teachers trained in Alternative Basic Education for nomadic children. attend early childhood education GIRLS’ EDUCATION Source: MICS3, 2006. 268 Girls to benefit from scholarships for Accelerated Female Participation Primary School Enrollment: Progress 2005/6 to 2006/7 in Education. SYSTEMS AND CAPACITY BUILDING AWDAL Erigavo Berbera • Primary Education Survey and set-up of Education Management Information SAHIL Systems (EMIS) Borama SANAAG • Mainstreaming Flexible & Appropriate Basic Education for nomadic children. M.JEEX • Standard setting for child-friendly schools and Education Sector planning. • Five technical advisors recruited in the Ministry of Education under the Inte- Burao HARGEISA grated Capacity Development for Somali Education Administrations (ICD- TOGDHEER SOOL SEA) programme, led by the Ministry with UNICEF and EU support.

Las Anod SOMALILAND EDUCATION SECTOR/CLUSTER Moderate Improvement (10-19%) 20+ • Emergency water voucher scheme for 855 children in 9 schools Moderate Improvement with marked Local and (UNICEF) improvement in girls enrollment (>3%) Source: Adapted from Survey of international • Education in Emergencies Working Group activated in July 2011 Primary Education in Somalia 2006- partners • Education Sector Policy Support Little change in enrollment (0-9%) 2007, UNICEF

12 • Children in Somaliland • UNICEF Hargeisa CHILD PROTECTION KEY DATA COMMUNITY-BASED CHILD PROTECTION JUSTICE GIRLS Child Labour 6,369 Development of a na- • (% of children 5-14 years) 35.9% 11,390 5,021 BOYS 448 tional plan of action for Children referred to basic services by the implementation of Child the Somaliland Juvenile Child Protection Committees, including Child Birth Registration Protection Justice Law. • (% of children aged 0-59 months) 6.6% health, nutrition, education, protection Committees from FGM, release from detention, trained SYSTEMS Early Marriage reunification of street children. A child protection • (% girls married before age 18) 27.8% systems mapping effort Children with immediate child protection took place over 2011 Female Genital Mutilation/ 936 concerns referred to appropriate medical, across the six regions • Cutting (% women had any form of FGM/C) 94.8% 322 614 legal and psychosocial services to assess community, Source: MICS 2006.Source: BOYS GIRLS regional and national structures for child GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE FGM/C ABANDONMENT protection and suggest GBV Survivors identified and assisted. Religious leaders signed declaration renouncing ways to develop links 2,934 to build the capacity 83 all forms of Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting. GBV Survivors referred to medical services, provided with of duty bearers at all 1,951legal assistance, and/or psychosocial support services. levels to better protect Regional religious networks established against children’s right and 6 FGM/C and six religious & youth dialogues on ensure a safe, friendly abandonment conducted. and protective environ- 16,334 115 ment for all children in Somaliland. People mobilised for prevention and Police, health workers, • Development of an response to Gender-Based Violence court/judicial staff, and inter-ministerial 4,480 People participating and YOUTH across 87 communities in Hargeisa, elders trained on GBV decree on FGM/C reached by community Burao, Borama and Sanaag. prevention and abandonment for response government dialogues on FGM/C UNICEF facilitated the endorsement. abandonment. adoption of the Somaliland National IDP SATELLITE DESKS • National & interna- Youth Policy and sup- tional religious ported a network of 4,016 GIRLS leaders’ conferences 357 youth centres across 7,044 3,028 BOYS 109 held to share lessons Community Management Somaliland’s six re- learned and best Awareness-raising Committee members gions, working also Displaced children referred to basic practices to advance sessions conducted trained on advocacy and with UNDP and ILO in services and protected from violence, efforts for FGM/C in IDP settlements on awareness-raising for support of 350 youth at abuse and exploitation abandonment. child protection issues. FGM/C abandonment. risk in Burao, Togdheer.

All figures reported for the 2011 UNICEF programme (January-December), as of December 2011. Children in Somaliland • UNICEF Hargeisa • 13 CROSS-CUTTING PRIORITIES AND COORDINATION

multi-indicator cluster survey UNICEF worked to build the capacity of its ministry counterparts, including by placing consultants within the ministry to support onitoring the situation of women and children is also the data entry process, train ministry staff and provide hands on part of UNICEF’s global commitments. The Multiple In- experience. Mdicator Cluster Survey (MICS) initiative, which started in the mid-1990s forms one of the key sources of data to fulfill this un joint programme on local governance commitment. MICS enables countries across the world to pro- duce statistically sound and internationally comparable estimates The Joint Programme on Local Governance and Service Delivery of a range of indicators in the areas of health, nutrition, educa- (UN-JPLG) is a joint endeavor started in 2008 by UNDP, UN- tion, WASH, child development, child protection and HIV/AIDS. HABITAT, UNICEF, the UN Capital Development Fund and ILO, in The first of these surveys conducted in Somaliland took place in partnership with government authorities in Somaliland to deepen 1995 with MICS1, and was followed by MICS2 in 1999 and MICS3 peace and establish good governance by investing in people and in 2006. Preparations for the fourth Multi-Indicator Cluster Survey improved social services. Its aim is to render local governments in Somaliland started in late 2010 as part of the global effort with credible basic service providers and strengthen civic awareness MICS4 to accelerate the frequency of data collection (aiming for and citizen participation in decision making. Within the JPLG, every three years instead of five) to better capture changes and UNICEF’s role is to ensure participation of communities in under- trends on key indicators, particularly against the MDGs. standing their rights, defining development priorities with district councils and contribute to policy and sector reforms. Extensive training of enumerators and supervisors started in May 2011 and lasted until June, with data collection taking place over In 2011, UNICEF continued working in the six target districts of June and July, followed by the data entry phase between June Hargeisa, Borama, Berbera, Sheikh, Odweine and Burao with and September 2011, ahead of on-going data analysis. The MICS training on participatory integrated community development, used a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling methodology, and a support to community planning and monitoring efforts as well target sample size for Somaliland was calculated as 5,179 house- as civic education. Wide community consultations took place on holds, with a cluster size of 18 households, and 288 clusters to be developing district plans, with support from facilitators trained covered. Three set of tools were used to collect data: by UNICEF partner STIPA. This was followed by community validation workshops, with an average 60 community members o Household questionnaire taking part, including representatives from community develop- o Individual Women questionnaire ment committees, village councils, women and youth. To monitor o Children Under-five questionnaire implementation of these plans, UNICEF supported the establish- Somaliland’s Ministry of National Planning & Development took ment of 14 community monitoring groups, with 59 members (16 on full leadership of the MICS process and throughout the effort women) trained on participatory impact monitoring. This led to

14 • Children in Somaliland • UNICEF Hargeisa the holding of public meetings to strengthen civic engagement implications of existing sectoral arrangements and policies with and review progress of district plans. Some 1,700 people took recommendations made on revised functional assignments, and part in the review meetings, including more than 150 children potential improved service delivery models. and youth, with forty per cent of participants women. un somali assistance strategy chairing of the social services outcome Among efforts by all JPLG partners, UNCDF helped set-up the Local Development Fund mechanism, a predictable performance- In line with its role as lead for UNSAS Outcome One on deliv- based fiscal transfer modality to ensure sustainable financing ery of Social Services, UNICEF ensured that UN agencies, funds for local development, while ILO supported policy discussions and programmes present in Somaliland optimised coordination, on land management, municipal finance policies and budgeting information sharing and joint planning to ensure more attention and public private partnership in local service delivery (among is placed on people’s longer term needs in the social sector. The others). Simultaneous efforts were led by UNDP on decentrali- overall objective of the Outcome is to ensure that people have sation options and public expenditure management while UN- equitable access to basic services—health, education, shelter, HABITAT also worked to build the capacity of district offices, with water and sanitation—and that vulnerable people in crisis receive rehabilitation and expansion to infrastructure and help in the humanitarian assistance, while the government also creates an establishment of an Association of Local Government Authorities enabling environment where affordable, good quality and equi- in Somaliland - more details on the scope of JPLG efforts and table basic services are provided by accountable partners. achievements in 2011 are available at www.jplg.org. During 2011, the UN agencies met every quarter to coordinate UNICEF meanwhile worked on raising citizen awareness through activities, and reported back to the UNSAS Task Force. Whilst radio and television broadcasts, and also deployed a mobile there was a strong focus on meeting immediate humanitarian caravan composed of artists, poets and community dialogue needs during the drought, agencies also sought to continue early facilitators performing live drama performances on civic issues, recovery / development work by supporting public institutions to citizen participation, rights and responsibilities and ownership in manage and regulate social services, improving access to qual- local development. An estimated 46,000 people were reached— ity basic services. Additional steps were taken with the Resident particularly in rural areas—through mobile theatres, while radio Coordinator’s Office to improve reporting structures and systems, programmes broadcast in Hargeisa reached over 190,000 people, to better capture results achieved. UNICEF also ensured that lo- and television broadcast across Somaliland reached an estimated cal government and civil society were involved in the process of 350,000. UNICEF/JPLG also supported the implementation of sec- discussing and agreeing upon milestones for the Social Services tor studies for WASH, Health and Education in coordination with outcome, in reaching agreement around priorities for 2011, in the Ministries of Interior, Planning and other line Ministries. The aligning efforts with the National Development Plan, and later for studies analysed current service delivery practices, capacities and the reporting on developments under Outcome One.

Children in Somaliland • UNICEF Hargeisa • 15 SUPPLIES FOR CHILDREN SUPPLY/LOGISTICS EFFORTS KEY SAMPLE DATA 180 14 Cargo containers received through Berbera Air cargo rotations (incl. 2 full seaport between January and December 2011. charters) in 2011 to Somaliland 1,542,000 672,000 209 Text-books received and Doses of vaccines Metric Tons of dispatched to schools distributed to support supplies airlifted across Somaliland. routine EPI efforts.

221.4 1,879,000 Tons of Ready-to-Use Therapeutic Foods to treat SUPPLIES DISPATCHED IN 2011 children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM). (in US$)

LOGISTICS MAP 1,328,000 14 International Tons of soap Sea Freight 1,138,000 distributed. International WAREHOUSE Sea Freight Bossasso CAPACITY Berbera Berbera Hargeisa

Galkayo 4272 MT International 8900 m2 Air Freight 275,000 Government donated space. Mogadishu 155,000 176,000 Nairobi Hargeisa 1296 MT CHILD EDUCATION GlOBAL HEALTH NUTRITION WASH Air Route PROTECTION FUND 2 UNICEF Office 2700 m Land Route Note: Values have been rounded to the nearest thousand. Data reflects supplies dispatched in 2011 reaching end- Entry Port users in Somaliland. Intra-office supply movements from UNICEF Hargeisa and Berbera to UNICEF Offices and Sea Route implementing partners in North East and Central South Zone are not reflected.

16 • Children in Somaliland • UNICEF Hargeisa Acronyms CHD Child Health Days MICS Multi-Indicator Cluster Survey CSZ Central South Zone MoH Ministry of Health EMIS Education Management Information Systems MUAC Mid-Upper Arm Circumference FSNAU FAO Food Security and Nutrition Analysis Unit NEZ North East Zone FGM/C Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting NWZ North West Zone GAM Global Acute Malnutrition OTP Outpatient Therapeutic Feeding Programme GBV Gender-Based Violence SAM Severe Acute Malnutrition HMIS Health Management Information Systems SWALIM FAO Somalia Water and Land Information Management IDP Internally Displaced Persons UNICEF United Nations Children’s Fund ILO International Labour Organization UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization IYCF Infant and Young Child Feeding WASH Water, Sanitation and Hygiene MAM Moderate Acute Malnutrition WFP World Food Programme MDGs Millennium Development Goals WHO World Health Organization Partners Somaliland Government NGO and Civil Society Partners UN and International partners Ministry of Health, Ministry of Education and High- ANPPCAN, AVO, AYID, AYODA, Candlelight, CCBRS, United Nations Development Programme, United er Studies, Ministry of Minerals, Energy and Water CCM, COOPI, DAN, DASDO, EARHW, Edna Univer- Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, UN Resources, Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs, sity Hospital, HAVOYOCO, Handicap International, Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Ministry of Justice, Ministry of Interior, Ministry HEAL, HYDA, IMC, IHSAN, International Horn World Health Organization, Food and Agricultural of National Planning and Development, Ministry University, KCDO, Kow Media Corporation, Kulan Organization, United Nations Populations Fund, of Youth and Culture, Ministry of Sports, National Construction, MDO, Medair, Mercy USA, MERLIN, United Nations Industrial Development Organiza- Environment Research and Disaster Preparedness NRC, PartnerAid, Progressio, PSI, Save the Chil- tion, Office of the UN Resident and Humanitarian and Management Authority (NERAD), Hargeisa dren, SCODO, SHAADO, SHABA, SLEA, SLNMA, Coordinator, United Nations Educational, Scientific Town Council, Burao - Odweine - Berbera - Sheikh - SOLSA, Somaliland Youth Forum, SOMTRAG, SO- and Cultural Organization, World Food Programme, Borama - Hargeisa Districts. NYO, SOYDAVO, SOLNARDO, SPDO, SRCS, STIPA, International Labour Organization, Global Fund, TASCO, TAKUULO, TOSTAN, UNITA, USWO, VSS, International Organization for Migration. Donors WVI, YOVENCO.

Government and Inter-Governmental Donors UNICEF National Committees Australia, Canada, Denmark, European Commis- Italian National Committee for UNICEF, Japan sion, Finland, France, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, National Committee for UNICEF, Netherlands Na- Norway, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom, United tional Committee for UNICEF, Swiss Committee for States of America, Global Fund, Office for the UNICEF. Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, UNDP Multi- Donor Trust Fund.

UNICEF values of all of its partnerships and works with a wide range of community-based organisations, faith-based organisations, non- public actors and other groups and individuals, and recognizes that many of those could not be mentioned here.

Children in Somaliland • UNICEF Hargeisa • 17 U Midooba Danta Carruurta Unite for Children

© United Nations Children’s Fund, 2012

February 2012

Photos: © UNICEF/2011