Chapter 6: Setting and Linguistic Variables
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Best Practices in Rural Development Flanders – Belgium
Best practices in rural development Flanders – Belgium Nominated and winning projects Competition Prima Plattelandsproject 2010 Preface At the beginning of April 2010, the Prima Plattelandsproject competition was launched. In the frame of this competition the Flemish Rural Network went in search of the best rural projects and activities in Flanders, subsidized under the Rural Development Programme 2007-2013 (RDP II). No fewer than 35 farmers or organisations submitted their candidacy. A total of 32 candidates were finally retained by the Flemish Rural Network. These were distributed as follows in function of the competition themes: - added value through cooperation: 15 candidates; - smart use of energy in agriculture and rural areas: 0 candidates; - care for nature and biodiversity: 8 candidates; - communication and education as an instrument: 6 candidates; - smart marketing strategies: 3 candidates. The provincial juries decided which of the submitted files could continue to the next round (up to 3 projects per theme per province). Then an international jury selected the five best candidates for each theme for the whole of Flanders. After that, everyone had the opportunity to vote for their favourite(s)on the www.ruraalnetwerk.be website. No less than 7300 valid votes were registered! The four winning projects were honoured on 14 January 2011 during an event at the Agriflanders agricultural fair. Picture: The four winning projects. Since all 18 projects can be considered “best practices”, this brochure gives an overview of the winning and the nominated projects by theme. The texts and photographs were provided by the applicants, unless otherwise indicated. Enjoy your read! Flemish Rural Network Theme “Added value through cooperation” WINNING PROJECT: Library service bus Zwevegem Project description: The main facilities (including the municipal administrative centre and the library) are located outside of the city centre in the municipality of Zwevegem, in the extreme north of the town. -
Flemish Art 1880–1930
COMING FLEMISH ART 1880–1930 EDITOR KATHARINA VAN CAUTEREN HOME WITH ESSAYS BY ANNE ADRIAENS-PANNIER PATRICK BERNAUW PIET BOYENS KLAAS COULEMBIER JOHAN DE SMET MARK EYSKENS DAVID GARIFF LEEN HUET FERNAND HUTS PAUL HUVENNE PETER PAUWELS CONSTANTIJN PETRIDIS NIELS SCHALLEY HERWIG TODTS KATHARINA VAN CAUTEREN LUC VAN CAUTEREN SVEN VAN DORST CATHÉRINE VERLEYSEN Hubert Malfait Home from the Fields, 1923-1924 Oil on canvas, 120 × 100 cm COURTESY OF FRANCIS MAERE FINE ARTS CONTENTS 7 PREFACE 211 JAMES ENSOR’S KATHARINA VAN CAUTEREN WHIMSICAL QUEST FOR BLISS HERWIG TODTS 9 PREFACE FERNAND HUTS 229 WOUTERS WRITINGS 13 THE ROOTS OF FLANDERS HERWIG TODTS KATHARINA VAN CAUTEREN 253 EDGARD TYTGAT. 65 AUTHENTIC, SOUND AND BEAUTIFUL. ‘PEINTRE-IMAGIER’ THE RECEPTION OF LUC VAN CAUTEREN FLEMISH EXPRESSIONISM PAUL HUVENNE 279 CONSTANT PERMEKE. THE ETERNAL IN THE EVERYDAY 79 THE MOST FLEMISH FLEMINGS PAUL HUVENNE WRITE IN FRENCH PATRICK BERNAUW 301 GUST. DE SMET. PAINTER OF CONTENTMENT 99 A GLANCE AT FLEMISH MUSIC NIELS SCHALLEY BETWEEN 1890 AND 1930 KLAAS COULEMBIER 319 FRITS VAN DEN BERGHE. SURVEYOR OF THE DARK SOUL 117 FLEMISH BOHÈME PETER PAUWELS LEEN HUET 339 ‘PRIMITIVISM’ IN BELGIUM? 129 THE BELGIAN LUMINISTS IN AFRICAN ART AND THE CIRCLE OF EMILE CLAUS FLEMISH EXPRESSIONISM JOHAN DE SMET CONSTANTIJN PETRIDIS 149 BENEATH THE SURFACE. 353 LÉON SPILLIAERT. THE ART OF THE ART OF THE INDEFINABLE GUSTAVE VAN DE WOESTYNE ANNE ADRIAENS-PANNIER SVEN VAN DORST 377 THE EXPRESSIONIST IMPULSE 175 VALERIUS DE SAEDELEER. IN MODERN ART THE SOUL OF THE LANDSCAPE DAVID GARIFF PIET BOYENS 395 DOES PAINTING HAVE BORDERS? 195 THE SCULPTURE OF MARK EYSKENS GEORGE MINNE CATHÉRINE VERLEYSEN 6 PREFACE Dear Reader, 7 Just so you know, this book is not the Bible. -
Interes Ng Languages Facts About the Dutch Langua
www.dutchtrans.co.uk [email protected] Dutch Trans Tel: UK +44 20-80997921 Interes�ng languages facts about the Dutch langua The main language! There are many ques�ons in regards to the Flem- ish language and how is it different from Dutch. We will give you some Flemish language facts to clear things up. With three-fi�hs of the popula�on being na�ve speakers, Dutch is considered to be the majority language in Belgium. Dutch speakers mostly living on the Flemish Region have created the Dutch variety commonly referred to as "Flem- ish". Quick Flemish language facts The usage of the word "Flemish" to refer to the Dutch variety in Northern Belgium is con- sidered informal. Also, linguis�cally, the term "Flemish" is used in other different ways such as an indica�on of any local dialects in the Flanders region, as well as non-standard varia- �ons of the Dutch language in the provinces of French Flanders and West Flanders. 1 www.dutchtrans.co.uk [email protected] Dutch Trans Tel: UK +44 20-80997921 Dialects... The usage of the Flemish in reference to the Dutch language does not separate it from the Standard Dutch or the other dialects. That's why linguists avoid the term "Flemish" to refer to the Dutch Language preferring the usage of "Flemish Dutch", "Belgian Dutch" or "Southern Dutch". Flemish formally refers to the Flemish Region, which is one of the three official regions of the Kingdom of Belgium. Flemish Varia�ons! The Flemish region has four principal varia�ons of the Dutch language: East and West Flemish, Bra- ban�an and Limburgish. -
The Dutch-French Language Border in Belgium
The Dutch-French Language Border in Belgium Roland Willemyns Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Germaanse Talen, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium Thisarticle is restricted to adescriptionof languageborder fluctuations in Belgium as faras itsDutch-French portion isconcerned.After a briefdescription of theso-called ‘languagequestion’ in Belgium thenotion of languageborder is discussedin general. Then comesan overviewof thestatus and function of thelanguage border in Belgium and of theactual language border fluctuations as they haveoccurred up to thepresent day. Two problem areas:the ‘ Voerstreek’and theBrussels suburban region are discussedin moredetail. Afterwards language shift and changethrough erosionin Brusselsare analysed as wellas thepart played in thatprocess by linguisticlegislation, languageplanning and sociolinguisticdevelopments. Finally a typology of language borderchange is drawn up and thepatterns of changeare identified in orderto explain and accountforthea lmostunique natureoftheBelgianportion of the Romance-Germanic language border. 1. Introduction Belgium (approximately10 million inhabitants) is a trilingualand federal country,consisting of four different entitiesconstituted on the basisof language: the Dutch-speaking community(called Flanders;58% of the population),the French speaking one (called Wallonia;32%), the smallGerman speaking commu- nity (0.6%)and the Dutch-French bilingual communityof Brussels(9.5%). Since regionalgovernments have legislative power, the frontiersof their jurisdiction, being language borders, are defined in the constitution (Willemyns, 1988). The Belgian portionof the Romance-Germaniclanguage borderis quite remarkablefor mainly two main reasons: (1) itsstatus and function have changed considerablysince the countrycame into existence; (2) itspresent status andfunction arealmost unique ascompared to all the otherportions under consideration.Because of thatit has frequently caughtthe attention(and imagi- nation)of scientistsof variousdisciplines (although,for a long time,mainly of historians;Lamarcq & Rogge,1996). -
The Lion, the Rooster, and the Union: National Identity in the Belgian Clandestine Press, 1914-1918
THE LION, THE ROOSTER, AND THE UNION: NATIONAL IDENTITY IN THE BELGIAN CLANDESTINE PRESS, 1914-1918 by MATTHEW R. DUNN Submitted to the Department of History of the University of Kansas in partial fulfillment of the requirements for departmental honors Approved by: _________________________ Dr. Andrew Denning _________________________ Dr. Nathan Wood _________________________ Dr. Erik Scott _________________________ Date Abstract Significant research has been conducted on the trials and tribulations of Belgium during the First World War. While amateur historians can often summarize the “Rape of Belgium” and cite nationalism as a cause of the war, few people are aware of the substantial contributions of the Belgian people to the war effort and their significance, especially in the historical context of Belgian nationalism. Relatively few works have been written about the underground press in Belgium during the war, and even fewer of those works are scholarly. The Belgian underground press attempted to unite the country's two major national identities, Flemings and Walloons, using the German occupation as the catalyst to do so. Belgian nationalists were able to momentarily unite the Belgian people to resist their German occupiers by publishing pro-Belgian newspapers and articles. They relied on three pillars of identity—Catholic heritage, loyalty to the Belgian Crown, and anti-German sentiment. While this expansion of Belgian identity dissipated to an extent after WWI, the efforts of the clandestine press still serve as an important framework for the development of national identity today. By examining how the clandestine press convinced members of two separate nations, Flanders and Wallonia, to re-imagine their community to the nation of Belgium, historians can analyze the successful expansion of a nation in a war-time context. -
OECD Skills Strategy Flanders
OECD Skills Studies OECD Skills Strategy Flanders Assessment and Recommendations Please leave this page blank. PAC will complete this page. FOREWORD │ 3 Foreword People’s skills are at the heart of Flanders’s vision for the future, which is a society where people learn for and through life, are innovative, trust one another, enjoy a high quality of life, and embrace their unique identity and culture. As globalisation and digitalisation transform jobs, how societies function and how people interact, the impetus for getting skills right is growing. People will need higher levels of skills and a well-rounded set of skills, including cognitive, social and emotional, and job- specific skills, to flourish in life both in and out of work. Flanders performs well compared to most OECD countries on most measures of skills development and use. The skills proficiency of Flemish adults exceeds the OECD average and skills mismatch is low. High-performance work practices that stimulate the use of skills are widely adopted by firms in Flanders. There are many good governance arrangements in place to support co-ordination and collaboration in adult learning across government departments, levels of government and with stakeholders. Financial incentives for adult learning help to reduce the burden for individuals and employers, promote cost-sharing and reduce under-investment. However, some challenges remain. Adult learning could be strengthened, in particular for older workers, immigrants, adults in flexible forms of employment and low-skilled adults. Shortages in professional, technical and scientific occupations persist due to a low number of graduates in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM). -
OECD Reviews of School Resources: Flemish Community of Belgium 2015
OECD Reviews of School Resources Flemish Community of Belgium The effective use of school resources is a policy priority across OECD countries. The OECD Reviews of School Resources explore how resources can be governed, distributed, utilised and managed to improve the quality, OECD Reviews of School Resources equity and effi ciency of school education. The series considers four types of resources: fi nancial resources, such as public funding of individual schools; human resources, such as teachers, school leaders and education administrators; physical resources, such as Flemish Community location, buildings and equipment; and other resources such as learning time. This series offers timely policy advice to both governments and the education community. It includes both of Belgium country reports and thematic studies. Contents Deborah Nusche, Gary Miron, Paulo Santiago and Richard Teese Chapter 1. School Education in the Flemish Community of Belgium Chapter 2. Funding of School Education in the Flemish Community of Belgium Chapter 3. Provision of School Places in the Flemish Community of Belgium Chapter 4. The Teaching Workforce in the Flemish Community of Belgium OECD Reviews of School Resources Flemish Community of Belgium Consult this publication on line at http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264247598-en. This work is published on the OECD iLibrary, which gathers all OECD books, periodicals and statistical databases. Visit www.oecd-ilibrary.org for more information. ISBN 978-92-64-24758-1 91 2015 10 1 P 9HSTCQE*cehfib+ OECD Reviews of School Resources: Flemish Community of Belgium 2015 Deborah Nusche, Gary Miron, Paulo Santiago and Richard Teese This work is published under the responsibility of the Secretary-General of the OECD. -
Provision of School Places in the Flemish Community of Belgium
OECD Reviews of School Resources: Flemish Community of Belgium 2015 © OECD 2015 Chapter 3 Provision of school places in the Flemish Community of Belgium This chapter presents the organisation of the school offer and the provision of school places in the Flemish Community of Belgium, including the provision of special needs education. It describes the existing setup of schools and school buildings as well as the distribution of students across these institutions. It examines how demographic developments are influencing the demand for school places in different parts of the Flemish Community, with particular attention to the challenges faced by urban areas in meeting growing demand. The chapter also analyses how parental choice impacts on student enrolment patterns and the degree to which policies to regulate school choice influence the composition of student populations within schools. It places particular emphasis on potential efficiency gains in the provision of school places, giving attention to aspects such as school size, the offer of programme and course choices in the secondary sector, the organisation of schools within educational networks and school boards and the extent of student tracking and grade repetition. The statistical data for Israel are supplied by and under the responsibility of the relevant Israeli authorities. The use of such data by the OECD is without prejudice to the status of the Golan Heights, East Jerusalem and Israeli settlements in the West Bank under the terms of international law. 95 3. PROVISION OF SCHOOL PLACES IN THE FLEMISH COMMUNITY OF BELGIUM Context and features The Flemish education system provides extensive choices for families. -
Table of Contents – 3
TABLE OF CONTENTS – 3 Table of Contents Summary: Strengths, Challenges and Recommendations ...................................................................... 5 Strengths .................................................................................................................................................... 5 Challenges ................................................................................................................................................. 5 Recommendations ..................................................................................................................................... 6 Chapter 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 7 1.1 The OECD policy review of Belgium (Flanders)................................................................................ 8 1.2 The structure of the report ................................................................................................................... 9 1.3 A snapshot of the system ..................................................................................................................... 9 1.4 Strengths and challenges ................................................................................................................... 15 1.5 System-wide issues ........................................................................................................................... 16 Chapter 2 Policy Recommendations ..................................................................................................... -
European University Institute. Digitised Version Produced by the EUI Library in 2020
Repository. Research Institute University European Institute. Cadmus, on University Access European Open Author(s). Available The 2020. © in Library EUI the by produced version Digitised Repository. Research Institute University European Institute. Cadmus, on University Access European Open Author(s). Available The 2020. © in Library EUI the by produced version Digitised Repository. Research Institute University European Institute. Cadmus, EUROPEAN UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE, FLORENCE on University BADIA FIESOLANA, SAN DOMENICO (FI) Development Policies in Flemishthe Region Access The Europeanization ofRegional EUI Working Paper RSC No. 94/5 ROBERT SCHUMAN CENTRE European Open STEFAAN STEFAAN Author(s). Available The 2020. © d e in r y n c k Library EUI WP 4 EUR 3 £ 1 . 0 2 0 9 the by 0 W->Pfco produced version Digitised Repository. Research Institute University European Institute. Cadmus, on University No part ofthis paper may be reproduced in any form Access European Open without permission oftheauthor. I -I 50016 San Domenico (FI) European University Institute Printed in Italy in May 1994 Author(s). Available © Stefaan De Rynck All rights reserved. BadiaFiesolana The 2020. © in Italy Library EUI the by produced version Digitised Stefaan De Rynck1 Repository. The Europeanization of Regional Development Policies in the Flemish Region Research Institute Introduction University Theories of EC decision-making tend to be polarized around a supranational or a national focus. The first set of approaches assumes that there is a supranational European institution that functions as a motor for the integration process. In this 'functional' Institute. view, the European Commission and the interests that are expressed at Community level Cadmus, are the driving forces behind the on-going process. -
Maps -- by Region Or Country -- Eastern Hemisphere -- Europe
G5702 EUROPE. REGIONS, NATURAL FEATURES, ETC. G5702 Alps see G6035+ .B3 Baltic Sea .B4 Baltic Shield .C3 Carpathian Mountains .C6 Coasts/Continental shelf .G4 Genoa, Gulf of .G7 Great Alföld .P9 Pyrenees .R5 Rhine River .S3 Scheldt River .T5 Tisza River 1971 G5722 WESTERN EUROPE. REGIONS, NATURAL G5722 FEATURES, ETC. .A7 Ardennes .A9 Autoroute E10 .F5 Flanders .G3 Gaul .M3 Meuse River 1972 G5741.S BRITISH ISLES. HISTORY G5741.S .S1 General .S2 To 1066 .S3 Medieval period, 1066-1485 .S33 Norman period, 1066-1154 .S35 Plantagenets, 1154-1399 .S37 15th century .S4 Modern period, 1485- .S45 16th century: Tudors, 1485-1603 .S5 17th century: Stuarts, 1603-1714 .S53 Commonwealth and protectorate, 1660-1688 .S54 18th century .S55 19th century .S6 20th century .S65 World War I .S7 World War II 1973 G5742 BRITISH ISLES. GREAT BRITAIN. REGIONS, G5742 NATURAL FEATURES, ETC. .C6 Continental shelf .I6 Irish Sea .N3 National Cycle Network 1974 G5752 ENGLAND. REGIONS, NATURAL FEATURES, ETC. G5752 .A3 Aire River .A42 Akeman Street .A43 Alde River .A7 Arun River .A75 Ashby Canal .A77 Ashdown Forest .A83 Avon, River [Gloucestershire-Avon] .A85 Avon, River [Leicestershire-Gloucestershire] .A87 Axholme, Isle of .A9 Aylesbury, Vale of .B3 Barnstaple Bay .B35 Basingstoke Canal .B36 Bassenthwaite Lake .B38 Baugh Fell .B385 Beachy Head .B386 Belvoir, Vale of .B387 Bere, Forest of .B39 Berkeley, Vale of .B4 Berkshire Downs .B42 Beult, River .B43 Bignor Hill .B44 Birmingham and Fazeley Canal .B45 Black Country .B48 Black Hill .B49 Blackdown Hills .B493 Blackmoor [Moor] .B495 Blackmoor Vale .B5 Bleaklow Hill .B54 Blenheim Park .B6 Bodmin Moor .B64 Border Forest Park .B66 Bourne Valley .B68 Bowland, Forest of .B7 Breckland .B715 Bredon Hill .B717 Brendon Hills .B72 Bridgewater Canal .B723 Bridgwater Bay .B724 Bridlington Bay .B725 Bristol Channel .B73 Broads, The .B76 Brown Clee Hill .B8 Burnham Beeches .B84 Burntwick Island .C34 Cam, River .C37 Cannock Chase .C38 Canvey Island [Island] 1975 G5752 ENGLAND. -
Images of Immigrants and Refugees in Western Europe
FINANCING QUALITY EDUCATION FOR ALL The Funding Methods of Compulsory and Special Needs Education Kristof De Witte, Vitezslav Titl, Oliver Holz and Mike Smet Financing Quality Education For All The Funding Methods of Compulsory and Special Needs Education Financing Quality Education For All The Funding Methods of Compulsory and Special Needs Education Kristof De Witte, Vitezslav Titl, Oliver Holz and Mike Smet Leuven University Press The authors acknowledge financial support of the government of the German-speaking Community of Belgium, Steunpunt Onderwijsonderzoek (SONO) of the Flemish Ministry of Education, and KU Leuven Fund for Fair Open Access. The views expressed in this publica- tion are the sole responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the German-speaking Community of Belgium or the Flemish government. Published in 2019 by Leuven University Press / Presses Universitaires de Louvain / Universi- taire Pers Leuven. Minderbroedersstraat 4, B-3000 Leuven (Belgium). © Kristof De Witte, Vitezslav Titl, Oliver Holz and Mike Smet, 2019 This book is published under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Non- Derivative 4.0 Licence. Further details about Creative Commons licenses are available at http://creativecommons. org/licenses/ Attribution should include the following information: Kristof De Witte, Vitezslav Titl, Oliver Holz and Mike Smet, Financing Quality Education For All: The Funding Methods of Compulsory and Special Needs Education. Leuven, Leuven University Press. (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) ISBN 978 94 6270 191 5 (Paperback) ISBN 978 94 6166 300 9 (ePDF) ISBN 978 94 6166 301 6 (ePUB) https://doi.org/10.11116/9789461663009 D/2019/1869/33 NUR: 805 Layout: Crius Cover design: Frederik Danko Cover illustration: Contents List of Figures 9 List of Tables 11 Chapter 1.