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Multiple Dwellings Including Housing Project Buildings

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Multiple Dwellings Including Housing Project Buildings FIREFIGHTING PROCEDURES VOLUME 1, BOOK 1 April 15, 2014 MULTIPLE DWELLING FIRES TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction....................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Purpose................................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 Types of Buildings.............................................................................................................. 1 2. Description of Buildings ................................................................................................... 2 2.1 Old Law Tenements-Tenements Built Before 4/12/1901................................................... 2 2.2 New Law Tenements-Tenements Built On or After 4/12/1901.......................................... 3 2.5 Fireproof Multiple Dwellings Including Housing Project Buildings ................................. 5 3. General: Non-Fireproof Multiple Dwellings .................................................................. 6 3.2 General Operations-Engine Companies.............................................................................. 6 3.3 General Operations-Ladder Companies.............................................................................. 8 3.4 Battalion Chiefs.................................................................................................................. 9 3.5 Miscellaneous Problems and Key Points.......................................................................... 10 4. Old Law Tenements........................................................................................................ 14 4.1 General Operations........................................................................................................... 14 4.8 Miscellaneous Problems and Key Points.......................................................................... 17 5. New Law Tenements....................................................................................................... 22 5.1 Introduction....................................................................................................................... 22 5.3 General Operations-Engine Companies............................................................................ 27 5.4 General Operations-Ladder Companies............................................................................ 28 5.5 Battalion Chiefs................................................................................................................ 29 6. High Rise Fireproof Multiple Dwelling Fires (75’ or more in height) ....................... 39 6.1 General Operations........................................................................................................... 39 6.7 1st Engine to Arrive.......................................................................................................... 47 6.13 1st Ladder to Arrive.......................................................................................................... 54 6.20 Chief Officer Command Positions.................................................................................... 66 6.25 Life Rescue Operations..................................................................................................... 72 6.26 Standpipe and Sprinklers .................................................................................................. 73 6.27 Building Features.............................................................................................................. 75 7. Low Rise Fireproof Multiple Dwellings (less than 75’ in height)............................... 80 TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) 8. Fire Resistive High Rise Residential Buildings ............................................................ 90 8.1 Introduction....................................................................................................................... 90 8.2 Design Characteristics ...................................................................................................... 91 8.3 General Description.......................................................................................................... 91 8.4 Critical Information Dispatch System (CIDS).................................................................. 92 8.5 Features............................................................................................................................. 93 8.6 General Operation............................................................................................................. 97 8.7 General Engine Operations............................................................................................... 98 8.8 General Ladder Operations............................................................................................. 100 8.9 Chief Officer Duties........................................................................................................ 107 FIREFIGHTING PROCEDURES April 15, 2014 MULTIPLE DWELLING FIRES GLOSSARY Accelerant A flammable liquid or other substance used by arsonists to cause a fire to spread rapidly. Air shaft A space between buildings or between rooms within a building, provided for the purpose of admitting air and light to rooms. Auto exposure The extension of fire via the exterior of a building from a fire originating in the same building. Back stretch A method of stretching a hoseline. Members pull off sufficient hose at the location of the fire; engine then proceeds to the hydrant. The hose peels off the back of the engine as it travels to the hydrant. Beam A horizontal supporting member in building construction. Bearing wall A wall of a building which carries any load other than its own weight. Bulkhead A structure on the roof of a building which is built over, or encloses, a stairway, elevator, dumbwaiter or other building facility. Casement window A metal framed window which opens outward. Class "A" A building housing three or more families in which residency is Multiple Dwelling permanent in nature. Class "B" A multiple dwelling which is occupied transiently. Multiple Dwelling Coaming A raised frame around a floor or roof opening or scuttle to keep water from running in. Cockloft A space between the roof and the top floor ceiling. Column A vertical structural member in building construction. Compactor A device for crushing garbage and trash into a small space prior to removal from the premises. Cul-de-sac A portion of a dead end road where vehicles can turn around. Drop ladder A vertical ladder normally held in the "up" position at the second floor balcony of the fire escape by a hook. When this ladder is to be used, the hook is released and the drop ladder is lowered or dropped to the ground. Care must be exercised to make certain that no one is struck by this ladder when it is lowered or dropped to the ground. i FIREFIGHTING PROCEDURES April 15, 2014 MULTIPLE DWELLING FIRES Dumbwaiter A device for collecting garbage from apartments by means of a wooden car which is raised and lowered in a vertical shaft by means of a rope and a pulley. In most buildings having these dumbwaiters they are no longer used. ECC Engine company chauffeur. Exposure A system of designating the areas or buildings which are adjacent to the 1, 2, 3, 4 fire building. When facing the main entrance to the fire building, exposure 1 is in front of the building, 2 is on the left, 3 is to the rear of the fire building and 4 is on the right. Fire escape An emergency means of egress from a building consisting of metal balconies on the outside of a building connected by ladders to each other and to the ground. Some fire escapes have a ladder from the top floor balcony to the roof. Fire partition A partition provided for the purpose of protecting life by furnishing an area of exit, or refuge, and having a fire resistive rating of at least three hours as per the 1938 Building Code. Fireproof A building in which the walls, floors, structural members and stairway construction enclosures are made of non-combustible materials with fire resistive ratings as required by the Building Code. Fire stopping The closing of all concealed draft openings to form a barrier against the spread of fire with non-combustible materials. Fire wall A fire-rated, smoke tight wall having protected openings designed to restrict the spread of fire from one structure to another, or from one area of a structure to another. It extends continuously from the foundation to, or through, the roof with sufficient structural stability to withstand the collapse of construction on either side of it. Fire Wall ratings for 1968 BC are rated at 4 hours; 2008 BC are rated at 2 or 3 hours depending on occupancy. Gooseneck ladder A vertical ladder, the side rails of which are curved at the top. This type of ladder is sometimes used between the top floor balcony of a fire escape and the roof. In-line pumping A Procedure in which an engine is placed close to a fire and receives its water supply through a hoseline stretched between the engine and a hydrant. "K" tool A forcible entry tool used for pulling lock cylinders. ii FIREFIGHTING PROCEDURES April 15, 2014 MULTIPLE DWELLING FIRES Raised roof A roof which is raised above the roof beams and supported by 2 x 4"s. The extent to which it is raised varies, so as to provide proper drainage on the roof. The result is a large open cockloft where fire can spread easily. Also called an inverted, reversed or rain roof. Return The interior
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