Boston Latin Academy Certamen Forum 2014 Intermediate Division Round 1
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Greek and Roman Mythology and Heroic Legend
G RE E K AN D ROMAN M YTH O LOGY AN D H E R O I C LE GEN D By E D I N P ROFES SOR H . ST U G Translated from th e German and edited b y A M D i . A D TT . L tt LI ONEL B RN E , , TRANSLATOR’S PREFACE S Y a l TUD of Greek religion needs no po ogy , and should This mus v n need no bush . all t feel who ha e looked upo the ns ns and n creatio of the art it i pired . But to purify stre gthen admiration by the higher light of knowledge is no work o f ea se . No truth is more vital than the seemi ng paradox whi c h - declares that Greek myths are not nature myths . The ape - is not further removed from the man than is the nature myth from the religious fancy of the Greeks as we meet them in s Greek is and hi tory . The myth the child of the devout lovely imagi nation o f the noble rac e that dwelt around the e e s n s s u s A ga an. Coar e fa ta ie of br ti h forefathers in their Northern homes softened beneath the southern sun into a pure and u and s godly bea ty, thus gave birth to the divine form of n Hellenic religio . M c an c u s m c an s Comparative ythology tea h uch . It hew how god s are born in the mind o f the savage and moulded c nn into his image . -
Hesiod Theogony.Pdf
Hesiod (8th or 7th c. BC, composed in Greek) The Homeric epics, the Iliad and the Odyssey, are probably slightly earlier than Hesiod’s two surviving poems, the Works and Days and the Theogony. Yet in many ways Hesiod is the more important author for the study of Greek mythology. While Homer treats cer- tain aspects of the saga of the Trojan War, he makes no attempt at treating myth more generally. He often includes short digressions and tantalizes us with hints of a broader tra- dition, but much of this remains obscure. Hesiod, by contrast, sought in his Theogony to give a connected account of the creation of the universe. For the study of myth he is im- portant precisely because his is the oldest surviving attempt to treat systematically the mythical tradition from the first gods down to the great heroes. Also unlike the legendary Homer, Hesiod is for us an historical figure and a real per- sonality. His Works and Days contains a great deal of autobiographical information, in- cluding his birthplace (Ascra in Boiotia), where his father had come from (Cyme in Asia Minor), and the name of his brother (Perses), with whom he had a dispute that was the inspiration for composing the Works and Days. His exact date cannot be determined with precision, but there is general agreement that he lived in the 8th century or perhaps the early 7th century BC. His life, therefore, was approximately contemporaneous with the beginning of alphabetic writing in the Greek world. Although we do not know whether Hesiod himself employed this new invention in composing his poems, we can be certain that it was soon used to record and pass them on. -
MYTHOLOGY – ALL LEVELS Ohio Junior Classical League – 2012 1
MYTHOLOGY – ALL LEVELS Ohio Junior Classical League – 2012 1. This son of Zeus was the builder of the palaces on Mt. Olympus and the maker of Achilles’ armor. a. Apollo b. Dionysus c. Hephaestus d. Hermes 2. She was the first wife of Heracles; unfortunately, she was killed by Heracles in a fit of madness. a. Aethra b. Evadne c. Megara d. Penelope 3. He grew up as a fisherman and won fame for himself by slaying Medusa. a. Amphitryon b. Electryon c. Heracles d. Perseus 4. This girl was transformed into a sunflower after she was rejected by the Sun god. a. Arachne b. Clytie c. Leucothoe d. Myrrha 5. According to Hesiod, he was NOT a son of Cronus and Rhea. a. Brontes b. Hades c. Poseidon d. Zeus 6. He chose to die young but with great glory as opposed to dying in old age with no glory. a. Achilles b. Heracles c. Jason d. Perseus 7. This queen of the gods is often depicted as a jealous wife. a. Demeter b. Hera c. Hestia d. Thetis 8. This ruler of the Underworld had the least extra-marital affairs among the three brothers. a. Aeacus b. Hades c. Minos d. Rhadamanthys 9. He imprisoned his daughter because a prophesy said that her son would become his killer. a. Acrisius b. Heracles c. Perseus d. Theseus 10. He fled burning Troy on the shoulder of his son. a. Anchises b. Dardanus c. Laomedon d. Priam 11. He poked his eyes out after learning that he had married his own mother. -
Greek Mythology
Greek Mythology The Creation Myth “First Chaos came into being, next wide bosomed Gaea(Earth), Tartarus and Eros (Love). From Chaos came forth Erebus and black Night. Of Night were born Aether and Day (whom she brought forth after intercourse with Erebus), and Doom, Fate, Death, sleep, Dreams; also, though she lay with none, the Hesperides and Blame and Woe and the Fates, and Nemesis to afflict mortal men, and Deceit, Friendship, Age and Strife, which also had gloomy offspring.”[11] “And Earth first bore starry Heaven (Uranus), equal to herself to cover her on every side and to be an ever-sure abiding place for the blessed gods. And earth brought forth, without intercourse of love, the Hills, haunts of the Nymphs and the fruitless sea with his raging swell.”[11] Heaven “gazing down fondly at her (Earth) from the mountains he showered fertile rain upon her secret clefts, and she bore grass flowers, and trees, with the beasts and birds proper to each. This same rain made the rivers flow and filled the hollow places with the water, so that lakes and seas came into being.”[12] The Titans and the Giants “Her (Earth) first children (with heaven) of Semi-human form were the hundred-handed giants Briareus, Gyges, and Cottus. Next appeared the three wild, one-eyed Cyclopes, builders of gigantic walls and master-smiths…..Their names were Brontes, Steropes, and Arges.”[12] Next came the “Titans: Oceanus, Hypenon, Iapetus, Themis, Memory (Mnemosyne), Phoebe also Tethys, and Cronus the wily—youngest and most terrible of her children.”[11] “Cronus hated his lusty sire Heaven (Uranus). -
Vestal Virgins of Rome: Images of Power Melissa Huang Illinois Wesleyan University Amanda Coles, Faculty Advisor Illinois Wesleyan University
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Digital Commons @ Illinois Wesleyan University Illinois Wesleyan University Digital Commons @ IWU John Wesley Powell Student Research 2013, 24th Annual JWP Conference Conference Apr 20th, 10:00 AM - 11:00 AM Vestal Virgins of Rome: Images Of Power Melissa Huang Illinois Wesleyan University Amanda Coles, Faculty Advisor Illinois Wesleyan University Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.iwu.edu/jwprc Part of the History Commons Melissa Huang and Amanda Coles, Faculty Advisor, "Vestal Virgins of Rome: Images Of Power" (April 20, 2013). John Wesley Powell Student Research Conference. Paper 3. http://digitalcommons.iwu.edu/jwprc/2013/oralpres5/3 This Event is brought to you for free and open access by The Ames Library, the Andrew W. Mellon Center for Curricular and Faculty Development, the Office of the Provost and the Office of the President. It has been accepted for inclusion in Digital Commons @ IWU by the faculty at Illinois Wesleyan University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ©Copyright is owned by the author of this document. 1 The Power of Representation: The Vestal Virgins of Rome Melissa Huang Abstract: The earliest archaeological and literary evidence suggest that the Vestal Virgins began as priestesses primarily responsible for religious fertility and purification rituals. Yet from humble beginnings, the Vestals were able to create a foothold in political life through the turbulence of the transition from Republic to Principate. In part due to the violent and perilous transition, the Vestal Virgins of Rome began to represent a sense of what it meant to be Roman. -
The Rape of Persephone in a Berlin Papyrus *
Les Études classiques 83 (2015), p. 237-260. THE RAPE OF PERSEPHONE IN A BERLIN PAPYRUS * 1. Introduction For the last century, scholars have discussed the existence of one or more Orphic poems about the rape and rescue of Persephone 1. Today, the Berlin Papyrus BKT 5. 1, p. 7-18 nº I 2, dated to the 2nd-1st BCE, is com- monly recognized to have traces of an ancient Orphic poem, which we know from various references 2. The papyrus contains a prose account in which there are some quotations of a poem attributed to Orpheus, but very similar to the Homeric Hymn to Demeter (h. Cer.) 3. For this reason the h. Cer. has traditionally served as the main reference for the reconstruction, analysis and study of this poem. Yet, the paraphrase of the poem relates a version of the rape which differs in many aspects from the h. Cer., so many questions have arisen about the relationship between these texts. Two main positions have been taken: either the Berlin Papyrus contains verses of a * This contribution is part of the Research Project “Fiestas dionisíacas fuera del Ática” (FFI 2012-31814), funded by the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competiti- vidad. 1. Following L. MALTEN (1909b), O. KERN (1922, p. 115-116) distinguishes four poems: (1) a very ancient poem, of which no fragments remain, but that would have been the source for Eur., Hel., 1301-1367; (2) a Sicilian poem preserved in a gold tablet from Thurii (OF 492); (3) a review of the Homeric Hymn to Demeter (h. -
Theogony Translated by Hugh G
Hesiod: Theogony translated by Hugh G. Evelyn-White (1914) [Note: the letters ll refer to lines.) (ll. 1-25) From the Heliconian Muses let us begin to sing, who hold the great and holy mount of Helicon, and dance on soft feet about the deep-blue spring and the altar of the almighty son of Cronos, and, when they have washed their tender bodies in Permessus or in the Horse's Spring or Olmeius, make their fair, lovely dances upon highest Helicon and move with vigorous feet. Thence they arise and go abroad by night, veiled in thick mist, and utter their song with lovely voice, praising Zeus the aegis- holder and queenly Hera of Argos who walks on golden sandals and the daughter of Zeus the aegis-holder bright-eyed Athene, and Phoebus Apollo, and Artemis who delights in arrows, and Poseidon the earth-holder who shakes the earth, and reverend Themis and quick-glancing Aphrodite, and Hebe with the crown of gold, and fair Dione, Leto, Iapetus, and Cronos the crafty counsellor, Eos and great Helius and bright Selene, Earth too, and great Oceanus, and dark Night, and the holy race of all the other deathless ones that are for ever. And one day they taught Hesiod glorious song while he was shepherding his lambs under holy Helicon, and this word first the goddesses said to me -- the Muses of Olympus, daughters of Zeus who holds the aegis: (ll. 26-28) `Shepherds of the wilderness, wretched things of shame, mere bellies, we know how to speak many false things as though they were true; but we know, when we will, to utter true things.' (ll. -
The Aeneid Virgil
The Aeneid Virgil TRANSLATED BY A. S. KLINE ROMAN ROADS MEDIA Classical education, from a Christian perspective, created for the homeschool. Roman Roads combines its technical expertise with the experience of established authorities in the field of classical education to create quality video courses and resources tailored to the homeschooler. Just as the first century roads of the Roman Empire were the physical means by which the early church spread the gospel far and wide, so Roman Roads Media uses today’s technology to bring timeless truth, goodness, and beauty into your home. By combining excellent instruction augmented with visual aids and examples, we help inspire in your children a lifelong love of learning. The Aeneid by Virgil translated by A. S. Kline This text was designed to accompany Roman Roads Media's 4-year video course Old Western Culture: A Christian Approach to the Great Books. For more information visit: www.romanroadsmedia.com. Other video courses by Roman Roads Media include: Grammar of Poetry featuring Matt Whitling Introductory Logic taught by Jim Nance Intermediate Logic taught by Jim Nance French Cuisine taught by Francis Foucachon Copyright © 2015 by Roman Roads Media, LLC Roman Roads Media 739 S Hayes St, Moscow, Idaho 83843 A ROMAN ROADS ETEXT The Aeneid Virgil TRANSLATED BY H. R. FAIRCLOUGH BOOK I Bk I:1-11 Invocation to the Muse I sing of arms and the man, he who, exiled by fate, first came from the coast of Troy to Italy, and to Lavinian shores – hurled about endlessly by land and sea, by the will of the gods, by cruel Juno’s remorseless anger, long suffering also in war, until he founded a city and brought his gods to Latium: from that the Latin people came, the lords of Alba Longa, the walls of noble Rome. -
For a Falcon
New Larousse Encyclopedia of Mythology Introduction by Robert Graves CRESCENT BOOKS NEW YORK New Larousse Encyclopedia of Mythology Translated by Richard Aldington and Delano Ames and revised by a panel of editorial advisers from the Larousse Mvthologie Generate edited by Felix Guirand and first published in France by Auge, Gillon, Hollier-Larousse, Moreau et Cie, the Librairie Larousse, Paris This 1987 edition published by Crescent Books, distributed by: Crown Publishers, Inc., 225 Park Avenue South New York, New York 10003 Copyright 1959 The Hamlyn Publishing Group Limited New edition 1968 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the permission of The Hamlyn Publishing Group Limited. ISBN 0-517-00404-6 Printed in Yugoslavia Scan begun 20 November 2001 Ended (at this point Goddess knows when) LaRousse Encyclopedia of Mythology Introduction by Robert Graves Perseus and Medusa With Athene's assistance, the hero has just slain the Gorgon Medusa with a bronze harpe, or curved sword given him by Hermes and now, seated on the back of Pegasus who has just sprung from her bleeding neck and holding her decapitated head in his right hand, he turns watch her two sisters who are persuing him in fury. Beneath him kneels the headless body of the Gorgon with her arms and golden wings outstretched. From her neck emerges Chrysor, father of the monster Geryon. Perseus later presented the Gorgon's head to Athene who placed it on Her shield. -
Greek Mythology / Apollodorus; Translated by Robin Hard
Great Clarendon Street, Oxford 0X2 6DP Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide in Oxford New York Athens Auckland Bangkok Bogotá Buenos Aires Calcutta Cape Town Chennai Dar es Salaam Delhi Florence Hong Kong Istanbul Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Mumbai Nairobi Paris São Paulo Shanghai Singapore Taipei Tokyo Toronto Warsaw with associated companies in Berlin Ibadan Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries Published in the United States by Oxford University Press Inc., New York © Robin Hard 1997 The moral rights of the author have been asserted Database right Oxford University Press (maker) First published as a World’s Classics paperback 1997 Reissued as an Oxford World’s Classics paperback 1998 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organizations. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above You must not circulate this book in any other binding or cover and you must impose this same condition on any acquirer British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Data available Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Apollodorus. [Bibliotheca. English] The library of Greek mythology / Apollodorus; translated by Robin Hard. -
Pandarus Quotes Ovid in Geoffrey Chaucer's Book
SYMBOLAE PHILOLOGORUM POSNANIENSIUM GRAECAE ET LATINAE XXIX/2 • 2019 pp. 71–83. ISSN 0302–7384 DOI: 10.14746/sppgl.2020.XXIX.2.5 ANTONI BOBROWSKI Uniwersytet Jagielloński w Krakowie ORCID: 0000-0003-0890-7080 e-mail: [email protected] PANDARUS QUOTES OVID IN GEOFFREY CHAUCER’S BOOK ONE OF TROILUS AND CRISEYDE ABSTRACT. Bobrowski, Antoni, Pandarus Quotes Ovid in Geoffrey Chaucer’s Book One of Troilus and Criseyde (Pandarus cytuje Owidiusza w pierwszej księdze „Troilusa i Criseydy” Geoffreya Chaucera). The medieval epic poem Troilus and Criseyde by Chaucer describes the history of unhappy love with the Trojan War in the background. The story is constructed in the convention of courtly love, and the author draws abundantly from a range of plot motifs preserved in the ancient literary tradition. The article discusses the way of intertextual use of Ovid’s Heroides 5 in the course of events told in Book One of the poem. Keywords: Ovid; Heroides; Geoffrey Chaucer; Troilus; Troy. The name of Geoffrey Chaucer (ca. 1343–1400), who is regarded as the father of English literature written in the vernacular,1 is associated, above all, with Canterbury Tales, his most important and best-known literary achievement. It has been repeatedly noted, however, that in Chaucer’s abundant literary legacy it is not Canterbury Tales but another work that is considered to be completed and refined in terms of artistic expression,2 namely, the extensive, composed in five books, and written in rhyme royal epic poem Troilus and Criseyde, which is a fictional transformation of a story derived from the narrative complex of ancient Trojan stories. -
Round 8 1. According to One Late Tradition, He Married a Daughter Of
Round 8 1. According to one late tradition, he married a daughter of Minyas named Clymene that bore him Arcesilaus, the father of Laertes. He was awarded the island of Samos during the war against the Teleboans, which was renamed for him. Apollodorus describes how this man was actually a son of Herse and Hermes who fathered Tithonos when he was (*) kidnapped by Eos. This man’s wife was bribed with a golden crown to have sex with Pteleon. Afterwards, she fled to the court of King Minos. When his wife sang a hymn invoking Nephele, he used a weapon he had received from her to impale her, that weapon was a spear that never missed. For 10 points, name this consort of Procris. ANSWER: Cephalus 2. In The Book of the Heavenly Cow, this god pours an alcoholic substance that floods the “four meadows of paradise” and orders Hathor to destroy evil humans. He is sometimes depicted as being merged with Horus of the Double Horizon, during which he is conflated with Horakhty. In a text named after him, this god is bitten by a snake that was created when his daughter used his saliva to create it - that text sees (*) Isis try to learn this god’s true name. This god constantly does battle with the primordial dragon Apophis during the tenth hour of the night, only to emerge victorious every day. Hathor is often said to be the eye of this figure. For 10 points, name this god of the sun who was conflated with Atum. ANSWER: Ra 3.