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THE Fmmature STAGES of Cpf1o('Orixa Bilida (HUNG .) C. ('Xp

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THE Fmmature STAGES of Cpf1o('Orixa Bilida (HUNG .) C. ('Xp JOVHXAL El'iTO.\IOL. SOl'. BIlIT. COIXMI!IA, VOl.. 63 (1966), DEC. 1, 1966 THE fMMATURE STAGES OF Cpf1o('orixa bilida (HUNG .) AND C. ('xp!('/a (U HLEH) (HEMIPTERA: CORIXfDAE) G . G. E . SCUDDER Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver INTRODUCTION rately in the corresponding lake wat­ In a study of the ecology and er. In this way, C. bifida was reared physiology of Corixidae living in a to the adult instar ana C. expleta through the first three larval instars. series of soda lakes in central British Columbia, it was essential to identify All drawings have been made with a squared reticule eye-piece or Cam­ the larval instal'S of two species of era Lucida, us ing both compound and Cenocorixa, which often occur sym­ stereo-zoom microscopes. The spines patrically. This was necessary in or­ on the hind femora of larvae were der to work out the details of the life usually only clearly visible when legs cycle and be able to iden tify with were mounted in polyvinyl lactophe­ nol or other similar mountant and certainty, insects used in experi­ viewed at magnifications over 150x. ments. This paper describes the im­ mature stages of these l,WO species, The terminology and characters C. bifida (Hungerford) and C. expleta utilized in the larval descriptions fol ­ (Uhler) . Both species have been pre­ low Cobben & Pillot (1960). However, viously recorded from British Colum­ I have interpreted the surfaces of the bia by Lansbury (1960) . legs differently. The surface of the hind leg seen in dorsal view is mor­ MATERIALS and METHODS phologically the posterior surface and The immature s tages were obtain­ is so interpreted. Likewise the surface ed in two ways. Firstly, regular sam­ seen ven trally is the anterior face ples of larvae were obtained in field the morphological ventral surface be~ collections. Secondly, eggs were ob­ ing the one towards the insect body tainedfrom adult insects and reared. when it is at rest or swimming. Gravid females were taken from EGGS White Lake (" nd Long Lake in the Cariboo regiOl e of central British Co­ To date it has not been possible to lumbia in April 1966 and were trans­ distinguish between the eggs of the ported to the laboratory Hl one gallon two species. Both have top-shaped Thermos jugs, half filled with water. eggs, with a very short stalked disc. Insects were then placed in natural s mooth chorion, height 0.78 mm. and lake water in plexiglass dishes with width 0.57 mm. The egg of C. bifida vegetation and nylon netting for is shown in Fig. 1, just before hatch­ them to cling to . At 20 ' C and uncl eI' ing. At eclosion, the apex of the natural light conditions, fe males laid chorion splits into 6-8 wedges. eggs within 48 hours. Th ~se eggs were In the laboratory, C. expleta usu­ separated from the insects at fre­ ally laid eggs on the walls of the con­ quen t intervals: this was to prevent tainer, while C. bifida laid most eggs them being used as food by the fe · on the vegetation or plastic screen. males. Batches of eggs were placed In the field, C. expleta has been found in finger bowls with the a ppropriate to lay eggs on rock boulders and water and kept at 20 °C and under bifida on vegetation, often in the leaf natural light conditions. Larvae on sheath of somewhat decayed sub­ emergence were fed every other day merged grasses. However, this may on young brine shrimp (Artemia sal­ not be the only oviposition habit of ina (L.» which were hatched sepa- the two species. 34 J OU It:'>A L E:'> T O ~\()L . SIl ... BI<lT. C " I. U ~IBI A, V Ol., 63 (1966) , D EC. 1, 1966 I Fig. I-Photograph of the cgg of Cenocorixa bifida just before hatching. LARVAE dense long h airs. Most instars with (1 ) General descript ion of Ce nocorixa a dis tinct comb on hind tibia dis tally larvae : on posterior side. Rostrum with transverse furrows ; ( 2 ) Separation of species frons not grea tly hirs u te; eyes red. The following couplet will sepa­ Pa la spatula te; middle legs with tar­ rate th e la rvae of C. bifida from those sus lon ger th a n tibia; hind tibia pos­ of C. expl et a: teriorly with a row of 7 moveable Pa la with a pical lower palmar spines. Meta sternal xiphus short and bristle situa ted on a distinct prom­ equilateral. Abdomen laterally mod­ inence; terminal claw relatively erately convex; dorsal a bdominal slender , hardly thicker than pre­ scen t gland and opening on tergum a pical lower palmar bristle (Fig. III obsolete; scent glands a nd os tioles 9) C. bifida on terga IV and V distinct, the osti­ oles paired ; abdomen without distinct Pala with a pical lower palmar colour pattern. bris tle situated on :1!1 indistinct prominence; t erminal claw dis­ Latter ins tal's with a dense h a ir tinctly thicker than preapical low­ covering on mesonotum, but without er palmar bris tle (Fig. 10) this reaching a nterior ma rgin (Fig. C. expleta 6) ; h a irs on median area of a nterior mesonot um short; mesonotum with With th e above characters, it is hind margin covered wi th long hairs possible to separate the species in only in middle, the la teral areas bare each larva l ins ta l' and in the adult. and r elatively broad . Metanotum (3) Key to la rval instal's withou t long hair coverillg, but with The following key will separate sparse short and slender setae; inner the instal's in both C. I)ifida and C. margin of wing pads with line of ex pleta. JOUR~AL E NTO ~rOL. Soc. BUIT. CULCMlllA . VOL. 63 (1966). DEC. 1. 1966 36 1. Meso and metanotum with cover­ C. bifida. The descriptions below omit ing of long hairs on at least part· most of the characters of instal'S hind femur with tuft of long hair~ found in the key. In the counts of antero-ventrallY and with 4 short bristles dorsally; hind tibia with spines on the femur, all totals cited row of dense swimming hairs pos­ omit the two apical spines found at teriorly . 3. the apex on anterior and posterior - Meso and metanotum without long surfaces. dense hair covering; hind femur FIRST INSTAR (Figs. 2, 4, 11-12): pala without tuft of long hairs antero­ WIth 12 lower palmar bristles; fore ventrally, but with 5 long out­ ~emur anteriorly with 4 spines; hind standing setae dorsally; hind tibia femur w.ith 5 long hairs dorsally, 4 without row of dense swimming short spll1esposteriorly and 3 short hairs posteriorly, only a few scat­ spines anteriorly; hind tibia with 10 tered hairs present. 2. moveable spines dorsally. 2. Postero-Iateral corners of meso­ notum curved distinctly caudad; SECOND INSTAR: pal a with 14 lower hind tibial comb with 2 spines; palmar bristles; fore femur anterior­ hind tibia with 5-7 long hairs pos­ ly with 4-5 spines; hind femur with teriorly. second instar 5 long outstanding hairs and a slen­ der apical bristle dorsally, posteriorly Postero-Iateral corners of meso­ WIth 4-6 short spines and anteriorly notum not curved distinctly cau­ with 3-4 slender spines; hind tibia dad ; hind tibial comb of a single with 10-11 moveable spmes dorsally, spine; hind tibia with 2-3 long these all of similar size. hairs posteriorly. first instar THIRD INSTAR (Figs. 13-14) : pala with 3. Hind tibial comb with 4 spine~; 14-17 lower palmar bris tles; fore fe­ long hair covering on mid-line of mur with 6-8 spines anteriorly; hind mesonotum not reaching posterior femur with 4 short bristles dorsally, margin; fore wing buds overlap­ 5-8 short spines posteriorly and 4-5 ping less than h alf of the hind short spines anteriorly; hind tibia wing buds; fore wing buds not dorsally wi th 12-16 moveable spines, reaching base of a bdomen. third ins tar the basal 1-4 shorter than rest. - Hind tibi.al comb with 6 or 8 FOURTH INSTAR: pal a with 18-19 lower spines; 1m'?; hair covering on mid­ palmar bristles; fore femur with 13- line of m psonotum reaching pos­ 14 spines antpriorly; hind femur with terior margin; fore wing buds 4 short bristles dorsally, 7-11 short overlapping more than h alf of spines posteriorly and a row of 4-5 hind wing buds; fore wing buds short spines anteriorly; hind femur reaching base of abdomen. 4. antero-ventrally with 4-5 short spines at base of subapical tuft of hairs ' 4. Hind tibial comb with 6 spines; hind tibia dorsally with 14-16 wing buds not completely o\'erla p­ move~ able spines, the basal 2-4 shorter than ping but reaching second abdom­ rest and often paired. inal segment; fore wing buds reaching but not surpassing base FIFTH INSTAR (Figs. 7, 15-16): pala of abdomen. fourth instal' with 18-20 lower palmar bristles; fore Hind tibial comb with 8 spine.'>; femur with 16-22 spines anteriorly; wing buds completely overlapping hmd femur with 4 short bristles dor­ and reaching third a bdominal seg­ sally, 12-26 posteriorly and 3-7 ante­ mpnt; fore wing buds surpassing riorly ; hind temur antero-ventrally base of abdomen. fifth instal' wi"h 4-7 short spines at base of sub­ apical tuft of hairs; hind tibia dorsal­ (4) Description of larvae of C.
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