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Language-Cognition new Interface: State of the LINCOM Studies Art Vol. 05 in RAMESH KUMAR MISHRA & NARAYANAN SRINIVASAN (eds.) Centre for Behavioural and Cognitive Experimental phonetics and sound change Science (CBCS), University of Allahabad

Significant theoretical developments have taken DANIEL RECASENS, FERNANDO SÁNCHEZ MIRET place in -cognition research in the last few decades. The collected chapters in this book & KENNETH J. WIREBACK (EDS.) provide extensive coverage of important areas of Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Universidad de Salamanca; Miami University this research domain including bilingualism, sentence processing, and embodied cognition. The chapters written by experts provide the This book gathers some contributions from scholars working on the phonetic and reader the most up to date discussion about issues phonological causes of sound change. Experimental evidence collected during the last and controversies while providing theoretical and decades calls for the need to build up better models of sound change which incorporate empirical knowledge about these themes. In spite evidence from articulatory strategies, acoustic variation and perceptual categorization of the wide range of topics covered, there has mechanisms. The papers collected in this book deal with the explanation of several sound been an attempt to make the collection thematically coherent providing the state of the changes, i.e., vowel shift and diphthongization, consonant voicing, assimilation, art in language-cognition research. palatalization, vocalization and retroflexion, and with specific arrangements of places of The chapters have been written for both articulation in sibilant inventories. researchers as well as graduate students interested in basic issues in language-cognition research and Contents: their relevance for larger issues on language and Silvia Calamai & Irene Ricci, «Speech rate and articulatory patterns in Italian nasal-velar clusters». cognition. The other most significant aspect of Chiara Celata, «Rhotic retroflexion in Romance. Acoustic data for an articulation-driven sound this volume is the emphasis on multi-disciplinary change». approaches and cross-cultural emphasis. The Juan Felipe García Santos, «Experimental of some acoustically driven phonetic changes in volume offers excellent material to researchers Medieval Spanish». who wish to compare studies across Daniel Recasens & Aina Espinosa, «A perceptual analysis of the articulatory and acoustic factors and cultural boundaries. The basic purpose of the triggering dark /l/ vocalization». volume then is to present substantially the main Joaquim Romero & Lucrecia Rallo, «An acoustic study of vowel shift in Majorcan Catalan». arguments and research themes as well as methodological issues in the broad area of Fernando Sánchez Miret, «The effect of word final unstressed high vowels on stressed vowel duration language-cognition research to a wider audience and its consequences for metaphonic diphthongization in Southern Italian». in linguistics, psycholinguistics, psychology, Marzena Żygis, «On changes in Slavic sibilant systems and their perceptual motivation». neurosciences and . Kenneth Wireback, «A reexamination of the palatalization of Latin velar + dentoalveolar consonant sequences in the light of phonetic research». Falk Huettig The role of color during language- vision interactions ISBN 978 3 86288 000 3 (Hardbound). LINCOM Studies in Phonetics 05. 140pp. USD 118.50 / Patrick Sturt The psycholinguistics of structural EUR 98.00 / GBP 81.30. 2010. composition Matthew Traxler T Padma Subhadra, Sarika Cherodath, Latika different languages, even in widely separated Syntactic Priming in Comprehension: A Dual Singh & Nandini Singh geographical areas. Surprisingly, however, tendencies for features to diffuse vary among Mechanism Account Developmental profiles of language skills in bilingual children - assessments from speech areas with no consistent differences among Pascal Gygax & Ute Gabriel features. It follows that stability and diffusibility Gender representation in language: More than production tasks are separate dimensions rather than opposite ends meets the eye ISBN 978 3 86288 001 0 (Hardbound). LINCOM of the same dimension. Ramesh Mishra Studies in Theoretical Linguistics 44. 480 pp. ISBN 978 3 89586 538 1. LINCOM -cognition interface: Issues and USD 171.30 / EUR 139.00 / 118.40. 2010. propects Theoretical Linguistics 42. 94pp. USD 64.00 / EUR 52.00 / GBP 44.20. 2009. Bhoomika Kar, Vatsala Khare and Tanya Dash Bilingualism and Cognitive Control: Is Temporal stability Bilingualism a Cognitive Advantage of linguistic typological Optimality Theory D Vasanta Verbs of Motion and Language Use: Reflections features and Phonetics- on Research Frameworks Pritha Chandra SØREN WICHMANN & ERIC W. Interface Redundant Agreement, Phases and Memory HOLMAN Rick Dale, Nicholas D. Duran, & Jennifer Roche Max-Planck-Institute for Evolutionary ŠTEFAN BEŇUŠ Dynamics of Action During Language Processing Anthropology Constantine the Philosopher University in Rajesh Kumar & Rajeev Mishra Nitra On Resolving Ambiguities Using Socially This book is about how to measure the relative Contextualized Hierarchy stabilities of linguistic typological features. It The book presents Optimality Theory (OT) as the Andriy Machykov, Simon Garrod & Christof discusses three alternative methods and tests their most influential recent framework for theoretical Scheepers performance by applying them to simulated phonological analyses, and proposes an OT Perceptual priming of structural choice during datasets having preset stabilities. The best metric model for analyzing the relationship between English and Finnish sentence production is then applied to the data of The World Atlas of continuous and discrete aspects of the cognitive Language Stuctures (Haspelmath et al. 2005) to of human speech. The first three chapters Rob Hartsuiker produce empirical estimates of stability for 134 present the essential OT tools and practical Can bilinguals use language cues to restrict features and 445 feature values. The numerical descriptions of their use in data analysis. The lexical acces to the target language? results concur with many specific categorical fourth chapter is the core of the book. It starts Xin Wang statements in the typological literature, and also with a detailed description of the phonological The Bilingual Lexicon: Models and Implications substantiate the general suggestion that stable and phonetic properties of transparent vowels /i/ Probal Dasgupta features are more strongly interrelated than are and /e/ in Hungarian vowel harmony. Then, it Some Milestones in Language and Cognition unstable features. proposes extensions of the OT tools using the Studies The results also show that features have notions of non-linear dynamics. Finally, the approximately the same relative rates of change in chapter presents a formal OT model that accounts

The LINCOM webshop: www.lincom.eu LINCOM EUROPA• project line 20 • 2010 ♦ 3 THEORETICAL LINGUISTICS/LINGUISTIC TYPOLOGY for the relationship between the phonetic and ISBN 978 3 929075 86 1. LINCOM Studies in in E and SA. Chapter four discusses the That- phonological characteristics of transparent Theoretical Linguistics 41. 273pp. USD Trace Effect in the two languages. Chapter five vowels. 103.60 / EUR 72.00 / GBP 66.20. 2009. aims at a discussion of the ECP account of the Štefan Beňuš has received PhD in linguistics long Wh-Movement of the Subjects from Wh- from New York University and is currently an Islands and the Null Resumptive Pronouns in E assistant professor at the Constantine the and SA. Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovakia. His Noam Chomsky on main research interests include laboratory Language and ISBN 978 3 929075 76 2. Linguistics Edition phonology and the relationship between prosody 75. 140 pp. USD 66.70 / EUR 54.20 / GBP and pragmatic functions of speech. Cognition 46.10. 2009. ISBN 978 3 89586 395 0. LINCOM Studies in Theoretical Linguistics 40. 151pp. USD 82.70 A. SUMRU ÖZSOY Studies in voice and / EUR 67.20 / GBP 57.10. 2009. & MINE NAKIPOĞLU (eds.) Boğazici University transitivity (Estudios de

Development of This book presents a discussion by Noam voz y transitividad) Chomsky of some of the much controversial Language in Eyes of issues raised within the scientific field of ZARINA ESTRADA FERNÁNDEZ, SØREN Formal linguistics since the inception of generative WICHMANN, CLAUDINE CHAMOREAU, grammar in 1957. Based on the text of the talk given by Noam Chomsky at Boğaziçi University, ALBERT ÁLVAREZ GONZÁLEZ (eds.) P. KARLÍK (ed.) Istanbul, in 2002, the book presents Prof. Max-Planck-Institut, Leipzig Masaryk University Chomsky’s views on the philosophical bases and the historical development of the field of In this collection of papers the phenomenon of Formal approaches to language are typically biolinguistics in the course of which he focuses voice is addressed both synchronically and associated with synchronic linguistics whereas on issues such as cognition, linguistics as a diachronically, and both typological (or areal) diachronic linguistics is connected with science, how the field developed, its nature and perspectives as well as studies of individual traditional philological methods. The goal of this how it fits into the other domains of science. languages are represented. The majority of book is to demonstrate that formal-linguistic The questions raised within the question- contributions in the latter category discuss Uto- analyses of diachronic language data can not only comment session lead Prof. Chomsky to expand Aztecan languages, but treatments of other represent known facts in a new light, but also his views on the nature of Universal Grammar, in languages, such as Purépecha and Mapuche, are reveal new facts that have remained hidden to particular on the philosophical underpinnings of also included. Although all authors share an over- traditional philology. Particular studies, whose the program which disfavors the view that all functional perspective, different approaches authors are linguists from distinguished European languages are radically different. Prof. Chomsky nevertheless emerge. and American universities, analyze various also answers questions on the implications of For instance, among the typological papers, phonological, morphological, syntactical and theory-internal assumptions such as the one views the passive construction through a semantic phenomena, in typologically and determinants of phasehood in , the nature prototype approach (Comrie); another genetically diverse languages. of the innateness hypothesis, the nature-nurture characterizes the passive as a family of debate within language acquisition, in particular constructions that have different diachronic the validity of the poverty of the stimulus origins, whose footprints are often still ISBN 978 3 89586 587 9 (Hardbound). LIN- discernible but which are nevertheless united by COM Studies in Theoretical Linguistics 43. arguments, the nature of the semantic component and the representation of the mental lexicon and common functional motivations (Givón); a third 200pp. USD 147.90 / EUR 120.20 / GBP approach defines a canonical type of passive with 102.20. 2009. the political implications of his Universal Grammar position on his activist stance. the aim of explaining the consistent absence of this particular type in so-called ‘active’ languages The role and representation (Wichmann). Some major themes in the ISBN 978 3 929075 61 8. 52pp. Linguistics individual language studies are patterns of of minimal contrast and the Edition 73. USD 42.10 / EUR 34.20 / GBP grammaticalization and issues of iconicity. A 29.10. 2009 conclusion that cross-cuts the entire volume is phonetics-phonology that insights into constructions involving valency interaction change are best achieved through both detailed The Empty Category descriptive work spanning the lexical and syntactic domains as well as through a view to REBEKA CAMPOS-ASTORKIZA Principle in English historical developments; in short, a panchronic Ohio State University and Standard Arabic approach is recommended.

This study investigates the role of minimal Table of contents contrast in phonetics and phonology. Two sounds NASSER BERJAOUI are minimally contrastive when they differ in just Ibn Tofail University, Kénitra, Morocco one property. The main findings are that (i) Introduction General minimal contrast can influence phonetic effects and (ii) phonological processes may single out The aim of this book is to study the Empty What is a Passive? minimally contrastive elements. Category Principle (henceforth, the ECP) in BERNARD COMRIE A experiment tests the influence of minimal English (E) and Standard Arabic (SA) within the length contrast on the phonetic voicing effect, a Government and Binding framework (GB) as On the relational properties of passive clauses: A pattern by which vowels are longer before voiced outlined in Chomsky (1981) and (1986). The diachronic perspective motivation for the choice of this topic is that the T. GIVÓN than before voiceless obstruents, in Lithuanian. In Lithuanian, only high and low vowels are application of the ECP in English, a Non-Null- Valency-reduction in event-oriented languages minimally contrastive for length. The results Subject language, and SA, a Null-Subject SØREN WICHMANN indicate the voicing effect is more limited for language, has not received much attention, to my those vowels that are minimally contrastive for knowledge. Various structures have been studied Case studies in Uto-Aztecan and other languages length, showing a phonetic pattern sensitive to in the literature (Rizzi (1982), Kayne (1984) and Participios estativos en yaqui y mecanismos de minimal contrast. Therefore, it is argued that the Picallo (1984), among others). detransitivización In this work, focus will be on the five ALBERT ÁLVAREZ GONZÁLEZ phonological representation must include information about minimal contrast. Minimal constructions that have been used in comparative Antipasivas en español. Forma y función contrast is formalized with a contrast-coindexing studies of this type (Cf. Chomsky (1981), Rizzi SERGIO BOGARD function, which applies to minimally contrastive (1980), (1982) and Safir (1985), among others): segments capable of distinguishing pairs of Missing Subjects in Simple Sentences, Free Derivación causativa en toba Inversion of Subjects in Finite Sentences, That- MARISA CENSABELLA words. Contrast-coindexing predicts that minimal Trace Effect, Long Wh-Movement of the Looking for a new participant. The Purepecha contrast might also be active in the phonology. Subjects from Wh-Islands, and Null Resumptive passive Evidence for this comes from vowel height Pronouns in Embedded Structures. This book CLAUDINE CHAMOREAU harmony in Lena Asturian, where only vowels consists of five chapters. Chapter one presents a minimally contrastive for height can trigger brief summary of the GB framework. Chapter two Causatives and applicatives in Pima Bajo: harmony. The typology of vowel harmony from deals with basic traits of English and SA syntax. The interplay of the causative and the applicative several varieties related to Lena further supports Chapter three aims at presenting the account of in sociative causation the ECP of Free Inversion and Missing Subjects ZARINA ESTRADA FERNÁNDEZ the active role of minimal contrast.

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The passive in the Taracahitic languages Yaqui, portugais, dialectes italo-romans, maltais, italien, Warihio and Tarahumara serbe, grec, allemand, pour ne citer que les Analogy: ROLANDO FÉLIX ARMENDÁRIZ principales). Il témoigne de l’extrême vitalité de The Relation between Lexicon and ce domaine de recherche. Les contributions sont La voz media en la lengua mapuche Grammar réparties en trois volets principaux. La première ANA FERNÁNDEZ GARAY partie comprend des articles consacrés à la IWONA KRASKA-SZLENK Yaqui causation: its form-function interface morphologie flexionnelle et à l’allomorphie, en LILIÁN GUERRERO prenant en compte tant les aspects University of Warsaw morphophonologiques (Cabré & Ohannesian ; Index of languages and language families, Index Brandão de Carvalho & Russo ; David ; Gaglia) This book examines the mechanism of analogy in of authors, Index of subjects the context of language use and from the que l’interface avec la syntaxe (Meinschaefer ; Miličević). La deuxième partie se compose de perspective of the Optimality Theoretic formal ISBN 978 3 89586 100 0 (Hardcover). model. It is argued that both kinds of analogy, LINCOM Studies in Theoretical Linguistics contributions traitant de la morphologie constructionnelle ; la gamme des phénomènes paradigmatic leveling and proportional (pattern) 39. 246pp. USD 117.50 / EUR 95.50 / GBP analogy, strongly correlate with type and token 81.20. 2008. étudiés est large. On y retrouve des articles consacrés à la suffixation (Dal), à la préfixation frequency and are also dependant on semantic (Apothéloz ; Sgroi), ou à la composition (Namer) distance between the base and its correspondent. Receptores dans des langues spécifiques, mais aussi des The argument is supported by a detailed case articles qui proposent des comparaisons study of vocalic alternations in Polish using y beneficiarios interlinguistiques sur des aspects plus généraux synchronic and diachronic evidence. The second (Ralli ; Schwarze). La troisième partie, enfin, part of this work concentrates on factors other Estudio tipológico de la contient des études sur des problèmes liés à la than frequency which may cause or prevent ditransitividad morphologie dans une perspective cognitive analogical developments. Illustrative linguistic (Pirrelli) et psycholinguistique, qui traitent de material comes from a variety of languages CARMEN CONTI problèmes centraux pour ces approches comme including Polish, Swahili, Arabic and English. l’acquisition (Casalis, Quémart, Colé) et la The study stresses the active role of lexicon in Universidad de Jaén shaping language grammar. Due to the dynamic productivité (Meunier, Dal, Fradin, Hathout). Este libro ofrece un estudio tipológico-funcional character of lexicon-grammar interaction, de las construcciones sintácticas en las que Hiatus et diphtongues croissantes dans le analogical changes are not only interpretable, but aparecen codificados los argumentos de receptor paradigme verbal espagnol to some extent predictable from historical and y beneficiario, además de sus posibles conexiones Teresa Cabré (Universitat Autónoma de synchronic facts. The data discussed in the book con el maleficiado. En concreto, se analizan las Barcelona), Maria Ohannesian (Universitat provide also evidence that an abstract concept of distintas vías de marcación y codificación de Autónoma de Barcelona) language grammar does not directly emerge from estos papeles semánticos en un corpus de 100 Apophonie et analogie. Comment la supplétion usage statistics, but is only motivated by it and lenguas, formado a partir de los criterios de peut-elle être productive ? mediated through the process of phonologization. diversidad propuestos por Rijkhoff y Bakker Joaquim Brandão de Carvalho (UMR 7023, (1998). El libro se detiene especialmente en la CNRS & Université de Paris 8), Michela Russo ISBN 978 3 89586 898 6 (Hardbound). LIN- tipificación y análisis de las construcciones (UMR 7023, CNRS & Université de Paris 8) COM Studies in Theoretical Linguistics 38. aplicativas benefactivas y del marco de doble Les marques de nombre sur le nom maltais 216pp. USD 123.40 / EUR 100.30 / GBP 85.30. objeto (o ascenso de dativo), que reciben una Karine David (UMR 7118 Atilf, CNRS & 2007. explicación teórica dentro del modelo de la Université de Nancy 2) Gramática del Papel y la Referencia (o Role and Handbook of Descriptive Reference Grammar). (for more details see the LINCOM webshop) El libro consta de un total de cuatro capítulos, Language Knowledge dos apéndices (en los que se presentan los ISBN 978 3 89586 504 6 (Hardbound). A Full-Scale Reference Guide for criterios empleados en la formación del corpus y LINCOM Studies in Theoretical Linguistics Typologists se recogen los ejemplos del corpus), una lista de 37. 315pp. USD 172.60 / EUR 140.30 / GBP glotónimos inglés-español y un índice de 119.30. 2007. ARALD AMMARSTRÖM materias, además de un apartado bibliográfico. El H H capítulo 1 trata los conceptos de ditransitividad, Chalmers University of Technology las características principales de los verbos de Fundamentals of transferencia y los rasgos léxicos de los papeles Synchronic Linguistics This work is a balanced list of references to de receptor y beneficiario. En el capítulo 2, se aimed for typologists. It lists the most presentan las lenguas del corpus y se clasifican extensive grammatical description for the best los ejemplos obtenidos. El capítulo 3 se centra en GÖRAN HAMMARSTRÖM documented language of each genetic subfamily. el estudio de las construcciones de doble objeto y Deakin University If there are several descriptions/languages of el 4, en las construcciones aplicativas more or less the same depth and scope, only one benefactivas. This book sums up and further develops ideas of or two of them are explicitly listed, the rest being the author's books Linguistische Einheiten im traceable via references. Previously there has ISBN 978 3 89586 114 7. Languages of the Rahmen der modernen Sprachwissenschaft been an oft-noted lack of such a list that is World 35. 270pp. USD 92.90 / EUR 75.50 / (Berlin 1966), Linguistic units and items (Berlin unbiased, comprehensive and up-to-date. GBP 64.20. 2008. 1976) and Linguistic units and items II (Frankfurt All known reported languages, whether living am Main 1995). The terminological system or dead, are accounted for by pointers to generally accepted for phoneme-allophone- publications with information on the language. Morphologie à phone and -allomorph-morph is The listing is headed with clear definitions on developed so as to include all fundamental facts what is included, information on related language Toulouse of language in a five-level description. The levels listings, statistics on the documentation of Actes du colloque international de languages, and some information on the issues of èmes are α with phonemes, prosodemes, syllabemes morphologie 4 Décembrettes etc.; β with contouremes and stylemes; γ with language description in general. idiolemes, sociolemes and dialemes; δ with issu of la4in general. NABIL HATHOUT & FABIO proxemes and kinemes; ε with text aspects. In a ISBN 978 3 89586 383 7. LINCOM MONTERMINI (éds), ERSS-CNRS detailed or "narrow" description an item (variant Handbooks in Linguistics 22. 312pp. USD or realisation) from one level is conditioned by 94.40 / EUR 76.70 / GBP 65.20. 2007. Le volume contient une sélection des items from all the other levels. Both spoken and communications présentées lors du colloque written language, and the relationship between international de morphologie « 4èmes them, should be included in a complete Factual Concessive Décembrettes », organisé par l’ERSS (UMR description. 5610), et qui a eu lieu à l’Université de Toulouse The synchronic description of a language is Connectors – le Mirail les 1 et 2 décembre 2005. Les articles fundamentally taxonomic. In recent years many A Contrastive Analysis in Italian and qui le constituent sont représentatifs de la variété "explanations", complex "models" and "theories" have been suggested which in the opinion of the Polish d’approches et de préoccupations qu’on rencontre dans les études actuelles sur la morphologie author are mostly not adequate because they do GNIESZKA ATOS linguistique. Ils le sont aussi des liens multiples not directly describe the language known and A L que cette discipline entretient avec les autres used by the speakers and writers. Università degli Studi di Pavia domaines d’étude de la linguistique (phonologie, syntaxe, sémantique, etc.). Bien que le français y ISBN 978 3 89586 565 7. Linguistics Edition The aim of the study entitled Factual Concessive occupe une place importante, l’éventail des 63. 60pp. USD 53.50 / EUR 43.50 / GBP 37.00. Connectors. A Contrastive Analysis in Italian and langues étudiées est toutefois large (espagnol, 2008. Polish is to examine and compare the use and

The LINCOM webshop: www.lincom.eu LINCOM EUROPA• project line 20 • 2010 ♦ 5 THEORETICAL LINGUISTICS/LINGUISTIC TYPOLOGY functions of the factual concessive connectors in also uncovered as yet unknown conditions of Point of View, 8 Conclusion, References. two European languages: Italian and Polish. The pragmatic and transfer (e.g. awareness (with examples from Old and Middle English, comparison is based on a detailed analysis of the in language production) and their interaction. French, Dutch, German, Scandinavian syntax, meaning and synchronic usage patterns of Moreover, the Naturalized Role-play proved to Languages, Latin, Greek, Old Indic Languages, these connective expressions. Contrary to most of fulfil its aim and to be a pioneering creative Modern Indic Languages, Armenian, Baltic the studies devoted to this issue so far, the solution to the controversial methodological Languages, Polish, Estonian, Finnish, other analysis is not restricted to ideal sentences, but problem. The study also presents implications of Finno-Saamic Languages, Hungarian, Old rather accounts for the distribution of factual its findings for second language learners, teachers Georgian and Georgian, Berbice Dutch Creole, concessive connectors in real examples provided and native speakers of different languages in Uralic Languages, North Arawak Languages, by linguistic corpora. social interactions where cultures meet. Vedic, Slovenian, Italic Languages, Sindhi, The theoretical starting point of the research is Tetelcingo Nahutal). the framework of Functional Grammar (FG), ISBN 3 89586 998 0. Linguistics Edition 55. especially the theory concerning the hierarchical 358pp. USD 100.50 / EUR 81.70 / GBP 69.50. ISBN 3 89586 747 0. LINCOM Studies in structure of discourse (Dik, 1997; Hengeveld, 2006. Language Typology 13. 106 pp. USD 65.10 / 1989, 1990, 1993, 1997, Crevels, 1998, 1999). EUR 52.90 / GBP 45.00. 2006. After the discussion on some theoretical proposals regarding different semantic-functional La estructura léxica de la levels of adverbial connection, two main domains of concessive connection, ‘representational’ resultatividad y su Essais zur Prager relations versus ‘interpersonal’ ones, have been expresión en las lenguas distinguished. Typologie The analysis carried out on a corpus of germánicas y románicas (mit einer Bibliographia typologica authentic texts of written and spoken language in Pragensis) relation to the previously identified semantic and GRETEL DE CUYPER pragmatic parameters shows a number of University of Antwerp BOHUMIL VYKYPĚL correlations existing in both languages and Akademie der Wissenschaften der confirms the main hypothesis of the research: not Este libro abarca un estudio comparativo sobre all concessive connectors are identical in meaning las características léxicas de la estructura Tschechischen Republik, Brno and use. argumental y aspectual de los eventos resultativos The analysis also focuses on some historical en español, catalán, neerlandés e inglés, Bekanntlich versteht man unter Sprachtypologie aspects concerning the diachronic origins of desarrollado en el marco de la Sintaxis Léxica. Verschiedenes. Die meisten Aufgaben und concessive connectors. The synchronic Al revisar la clase de los eventos delimitados, Fragestellungen der einzelnen sprachtypolo- distribution of Italian and Polish concessive se muestra la necesidad de distinguir entre dos gischen Konzeptionen verbindet in hohem Maße connectors that emerges from the corpus-based subclases de eventos en base al estatus potencial die sog. Prager Typologie, die im Rahmen der analysis is reviewed from the diachronic o real de la obtención del estado final. Así, los Prager funktional-strukturalen linguistischen perspective and this re-examination indicates the eventos télicos incluyen una meta o telos y los Schule entstand. Die Prager Typologie untersucht existence of some interesting correlations eventos resultativos, un resultado. die universalen Prinzipien des Aufbaus der between the diachronic origins of concessive La adopción de esta distinción abre el camino Sprache und die pontentiellen und aktuellen connectors and their synchronic usage patterns. para arrojar una nueva luz sobre un controvertido Prinzipien des Aufbaus von einzelnen Sprachen, uso aspectual controvertido del SE románico. und im Allgemeinen sucht sie die konstitutiven ISBN 3 89586 351 3. Linguistics Edition 56. Éste se analiza aquí como un marcador analítico Zusammenhänge zwischen den Erscheinungen 216pp. USD 79.80 / EUR 64.90 / GBP 56.20. de la resultatividad. Asimismo, se refuta la der Sprache und ihrer Beschreibung. 2006. hipótesis talmyana, según la cual las lenguas Zur Erfüllung dieses anspruchsvollen Programms haben der Begründer der Prager románicas expresarían la información aspectual dentro del verbo, al contrario de las lenguas Typologie, Vladimír Skalička (1909-1991), und The Nature and Conditions germánicas. seine Nachfolger, unter denen Petr Sgall (1926-) of Pragmatic and Discourse El estudio acaba con una discusión sobre el und Jaroslav Popela (1923-) die bedeutendsten estatus primitivo o compuesto del verbo de la sind, einen gewichtigen Beitrag geleistet. Transfer Investigated construcción resultativa analítica en las lenguas Nichtdestotrotz bleibt immer noch – wie das bei through Naturalized Role- germánicas y románicas: se afina el análisis de los interessanten Theorien immer der Fall ist – eine que defienden su estatus compuesto. Reihe von offenen Fragen. play Este trabajo contiene, por tanto, un estudio Der vorliegende Band stellt einen Versuch léxico profundo de la estructura argumental y dar, einige dieser Fragen zu lösen. Er besteht aus GIAO QUYNH TRAN aspectual de la construcción resultativa. acht Kapiteln: University of Melbourne 1. Der Sinn der Sprachtypologie 2. Die Inhaltskategorien in der Prager Typologie ISBN 3 89586 718 7. LINCOM Studies in For decades, the first linguistic and cultural 3. Die Prosodie in der Typologie Language Typology 11. 250pp. USD 90.70 / 4. Die Phonologie in der Typologie influence on second language performance EUR 73.70 / GBP 62.70. 2006. (technically known as pragmatic and discourse 5. Die Diachronie in der Typologie transfer) in cross-cultural interaction has 6. Zum Artikel im Alt- und Neugriechischen fascinated researchers because its nature and 7. Grammatikalisierung und Prager Typologie especially its conditions have never been Ambipositions 8. Nachtrag: Zu den Namen der Prager Typen fathomed out. The aims of this investigation are und zum Namen der Prager Typologie threefold. First, it examines the nature of ALAN LIBERT Dazu gesellt sich eine Bibliographia typologica pragmatic and discourse transfer in compliment University of Newcastle Pragensis, in der alle relevanten Texte zur Prager responses by Vietnamese speakers of English as a Sprachtypologie verzeichnet sind. second language in cross-cultural interaction with Two major categories of relational words are Das Erscheinen im Jahre 2006 ist mit Australians. Second, the research project prepositions and positions, the difference between mehreren Jubiläen verbunden: 80 Jahre seit der investigates the underexplored conditions of them having to do with whether they precede or Gründung des Prager linguistischen Zirkels pragmatic and discourse transfer. In the quest for follow their object. There is a relatively small (Cercle linguistique de Prague), der 110. the nature and conditions of pragmatic and group of words of the same general type which Geburtstag von Roman Jakobson (1896-1982), discourse transfer, research methodologies can be placed either before or after their object. spiritus agens des Prager linguistischen Zirkels, provoke much debate because they have different Such words have been given the name der 15. Todestag von Vladimír Skalička (1909- advantages and disadvantages, though the ambipositions. A possible (though not 1991), dem Begründer der Prager Typologie, der ultimate goal remains the controlled elicitation of uncontroversial) example from English is 80. Geburtstag von Petr Sgall (1926-), Mitglied data that is comparable to real-life production. through, e.g. he walked through the forest and he der Nachkriegsgeneration der Prager Schule und The third aim of the present study is to propose slept the whole night through. Other examples are Nachfolger von Vladimír Skalička, der 10. and validate an innovative methodology of data German entlang and Ancient Greek peri. This Todestag von Josef Vachek (1909-1996), einem collection in cross-cultural and interlanguage book is a detailed examination of this unusual der führenden Mitglieder der ersten Generation research - the Naturalized Role-play. type of word. der Prager Schule und “Hofhistoriograph” des This methodology is capable of realizing the Contents: Preface, Abbreviations, 1 Zirkels. highly desirable but virtually impossible goal of Introduction, 2 Ambipositions with Simple eliciting spontaneous data in controlled settings. Behavior, 3 Meaning Differences Depending on ISBN 3 89586 865 5. LINCOM Studies in Findings of this investigation indicated what Position, 4 Ambipositions with Case Marking Language Typology 14. 120 S. USD 79.90 / was transferred and how pragmatic and discourse Differences in Different Positions, 5 Differences EUR 64.90 / GBP 55.20. 2006. transfer patterned, upon which new hypotheses in Types of Complement Allowed, 6 Differences (e.g. the Compliment Response Continuum in Form of Prepositional and Postpositional Hypothesis) were formulated. The investigation Occurrences, 7 Ambipositions from an Historical

6 ♦ LINCOM EUROPA• project line 20 • 2010 THEORETICAL LINGUISTICS/LINGUISTIC TYPOLOGY

A Reduced Theory of Theta- syntactical influence of Russian on Kazakh and distinguish between actually existing speech also on Uyghur, a Turkic language. The study is events, different orders of "reality" and Role and Case Assignment based on tape recordings on Kazakh and Uyghur explanatory/theoretical constructs following which were made in Kazakhstan. philosophers such as Popper and Harre. Mulder and Binding develops his views in the context of his axiomatic

ISBN 3 89586 984 8. LINCOM Studies in functionalist approach and Rastall argues that MICHAEL D. MOSS linguistic entities should be viewed as "powers" Language Typology 12. 240 S. USD 93.10 / University of Gdansk EUR 75.70 / GBP 64.35. 2006. in Locke's sense rather than as "things". Both authors argue that the reification of linguistic This work attempts to reduce the number of entities is misleading and propose views which mechanisms used in to Language and Location are close to those of Quine and earlier linguists explain the design of human language. Up to such as Hjelmslev. The work is in four now, generative linguistics has separated Binding, theoretically oriented chapters concerned with the Case assignment and Theta-Role assignment into in Space and Time nature of the ontological problem, speech events three separate sub-theories. Each of the sub- as "powers", events and constructs, and orders of theories worked independently using its own set PETR ZIMA & VLADIMÍR TAX (eds.) Charles University reality as well as three applications to linguistic of rules and relations. In this thesis, Michael theory and analysis involving Mulder's well-

Moss shows that all three sub-theories can be developed axiomatic functionalism in the context This is a collection of papers prepared within the reduced to one, namely binding. In order to of ontological issues. framework of the research project achieve this reduction, first binding must be Jan W.F. Mulder is Emeritus Professor of Communications, Contacts and Barriers in simplified to explain PRO phenomena without Linguistics at St. Andrews University. He is the Different Cultures and Regions of Europe and resorting to government. Once the binding author of Sets and Relations in Phonology and Africa (IFSC / IZV, Charles University, Prague, definition is simplified to c-command and co- Foundations of Axiomatic Linguistics. He is the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic Project No indexation, the other two components must be co-author (with S.G.J. Hervey) of The Theory of 403/96/0787). The major part of the papers shown to also comply with this definition. Using the Linguistic Sign and The Strategy of published within this volume was presented either mechanisms proposed in the minimalist program, Linguistics. Mulder is the originator and main at the international workshop Language and its theta-role assignment is shown to accord with the developer of axiomatic functionalism and is the Stratification in Space and Time held in Prague above definition. Finally, using Agree as Honorary President of the International Society of in 1996, or at various disciplinary (linguistic) and proposed in the recent literature (Chomsky 2000), . Case assignment is also shown to function under multidisciplinary (sociolinguistic and the same rules as binding. In the last chapter, an psycholinguistic) round-tables organized in 1996 ISBN 3 89586 461 7. LINCOM Studies in attempt is made to show that Agree can be used and 1997 by this research group in cooperation Theoretical Linguistics 35. 160pp. USD 88.20 as the driving force behind all three of these with the Charles University and the Prague / EUR 71.70 / GBP 61.00. 2005. reduced relations. Linguistic Circle. The multidisciplinary character of the project offered even outlooks in ISBN 3 89586 761 6. LINCOM Studies in philosophical and cognitive aspects of the Nominalization/ Theoretical Linguistics 34. 160pp. USD 95.60 linguistic expression of existence and its location / EUR 77.70 / GBP 66.10. 2003. in space and time. verbalization: That is why the present volume was prepared in cooperation with a philosopher and a constraining a typology of Untersuchung zum participant from the Max Planck Institute for transcategorial operations kasachisch-russischen . In spite of the fact that language data and situations dealt with by these papers ANDREJ L. MALCHUKOV Code-mixing involve different language types, families and Russian Academy of Sciences areas deserving different cultures in several (mit Ausblicken auf den uigurisch- regions of two continents, the original versions of The present study deals with a typology of russischen Sprachkontakt) certain papers were subject to discussions, and a transcategorial processes such as nominalization

sort of coordination and homogenisation was and verbalization. In particular, it addresses the RAIHAN MUHAMEDOWA attempted. As several authors of the present team following question: What are the factors that Universität Freiburg are also members of the Groupement de determine the order in which the particular verbal Recherche Européen No 1172 of the Centre categories are lost and nominal categories Die Arbeit befasst sich mit der Sprach- National de la Recherche Scientifique (Paris) acquired in the transcategorial processes? It is kontaktsituation in Kasachstan. Ziel der Unter- "Diffusion Lexicale" (Caron, Cyffer, argued that predictions concerning suchung ist, den Einfluss des Russischen auf das Jungraithmayr, Nicolaï, Zima), the main focus of disruption/acquisition of categories in trans- Kasachische sowie auf das Uigurische, einer most papers was on languages of the Sahel- categorial processes are determined by weiteren Turksprache in Kasachstan, deutlich zu Sahara region of Africa. However, contrasting semantically based hierarchies of nominal and machen. Die empirische Grundlage der Analyse with data from languages of other regions both in verbal categories. That is, categories that are less bilden Tonaufnahmen des gesprochenen Africa (Bantu) and in Europe (Indo-European in relevant to the meaning of the stem are more Kasachischen und Uigurischen. Der bilinguale general, and Romance or Baltic languages in ‘affected’ by transcategorial operations. The Diskurs wird unter linguistischer Perspektive, in particular) proved very useful and offered study presents evidence from a sample of Anlehnung an das Matrix-Language-Frame- opportunities for attempting more universal languages for this hypothesis demonstrating in Modell von Carol Myers-Scotton (1993; 2003) conclusions. turn the gradual disruption of verbal untersucht. Folgende Erscheinungen bilden den Papers presented by Eleonore Adwiraah, characteristics along the deverbalization cline and Schwerpunkt der Untersuchung: (1) strukturell Thomas Bearth, Siegmund Brauner, Cecile Canut, the gradual acquisition of nominal features along zusammenhängende Wortverbindungen (sog. EL- Bernard Caron, Norbert Cyffer, Nella the substantivization cline. In the next sections Inseln), (2) Kriterien für die Bestimmung der Vladimirovna Gromova, Tomáš Hoskovec, the author introduces a Generalized Scale Model Matrixsprache, der syntaktischen Grundlage eines Herrmann Jungraithmayr, Robert Nicolaï, Eric for nominalizations, which obtains from the Pederson, Zdenek Pinc, Jan Šabršula, Petr Zima. bilingualen Satzes sowie (3) Morphem- mapping of the two hierarchies onto each other, klassifikation der Kontaktsprachen. ISBN 3 89586 540 0. LINCOM Studies in as well as discusses additional constraints on Russische Einschübe aus dem nominalen und GSM due to the fact that some verbal and verbalen Bereich, russische Diskursmarker wie Theoretical Linguistics 07. 200pp. USD 90.70 / EUR 73.70 / GBP 62.70. 1998. nominal categories are incompatible (‘blocking z.B. вот und это sowie Subjunktoren werden in constraints’). Bezug auf ihre morphosyntaktische Anpassung in The final part addresses the question whether kasachischen und uigurischen Komplimentierer- Ontological Questions the Generalized Scale Model can be applied to phrasen analysiert. Im Ergebnis wird sichtbar, other types of transcategorial processes, such as dass (1) Sprecher beider Turksprachen bei der in Linguistics ‘verbalizations’. Throughout the study special Übernahme russischer Lexeme ähnliche morpho- attention has been accorded to structural factors syntaktische Anpassungsmuster verwenden, (2) JAN W.F. MULDER & PAUL RASTALL (such as morpheme order and category das Kasachische und das Uigurische in die interne St. Andrews University; University of cumulation) that can interfere with the hierarchy Struktur russischer komplexer Wortver- Portsmouth constraints. More generally, this study aims to bindungen eingreifen, (3) Satzverknüpfungs- demonstrate how functional and structural factors mittel aus dem Russischen in das System dieser Mulder and Rastall argue for a reduced conspire to constraint the outcome of Turksprachen aufgenommen werden und (4) ontological commitment in linguistics, which is transcategorial processes. dennoch kein gemischter Code entstanden ist. strongly opposed to many prevailing The study deals with a contact situation contemporary views. In line with current views in ISBN 3 89586 729 2. LINCOM Studies in between Russian, an indoeuropean language, and the philosophy of science they view linguistic Language Typology 08. 139 pp. USD 70.00 / Kazakh, a Turkic language, in Kazakhstan. The theories and descriptions as explanatory EUR 56.90 / GBP 48.40. 2004. aim of analyse is to show the morphological and constructs without existential claims. They

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verb in the transitory phase from pre- Tone-Vowel Interaction The Power of Speech to protomorphology and in the in Optimality Theory protomorphological phase in nine languages PAUL RASTALL (Croatian, Finnish, French, German, Italian,

University of Portsmouth Lithuanian, Russian, Spanish, and Yucatec PING JIANG-KING Maya). Whereas the introductory chapters focus University of British Columbia Following from Ontological Questions in on crosslinguistic comparison, the other authors Linguistics (2005) by Mulder and Rastall, The describe children’s acquisition of single This study aims at constructing a fully articulated Power of Speech adopts a functional perspective languages in detail. Both inflectional and theory of tone-vowel interaction within the to address a range of fundamental issues derivational morphology are investigated in framework of Optimality Theory (OT). It concerned with our understanding of speech acts nouns, including such topics as compounding, examines the nature of this phenomenon in and the role of theory, systems, and other diminutive formation, case and number Northern Min languages, as well as various constructs in our account. In particular, the work distinctions. Verbs are described from the point Southeast Asian languages. The questions explores the ideas that acts of speaking are of view of inflectional morphology and addressed are (i) what is the nature of tone-vowel “powers” in the philosophical sense and that agreement. interaction? (ii) how do they relate to each other? “meaning” exists only in actual speech acts. Two important findings emerge from the Applying a rigorous ontological distinction Table of contents: investigation. First, tonal types and syllable types between actually existing speech events in space, Maria Voeikova (Saint Petersburg, Vienna) & are closely related to each other. That is, different time and social circumstances, and theoretically Wolfgang U. Dressler (Vienna): Introduction groups of tones occur only in a certain kind of determined constructs accounting for speech Ursula Stephany (Cologne): Early development of syllables. These cooccurrence restrictions are events and their aspects, the work distinguishes grammatical number – a typological perspective identified as a correlation between tonal contour real communication from accounts of potentials Maria Voeikova (Saint Petersburg, Vienna): The and syllable weight. for communication and potentials for meaning on acquisition of case in typologically different Second, tone does not directly affect vowel the one hand, and from socially constructed languages distributions and alternations. Rather, it is the beliefs about language on the other. Marianne Kilani-Schoch (Lausanne) & Wolfgang relative syllable positions in which a vowel The work further explores Popper’s views on U. Dressler (Vienna): The emergence of occurs and the number of segments present in a the nature of language. It distinguishes language inflectional paradigms in two French corpora: an syllable that trigger vowel distributions and as communication from language as system or illustration of general problems of pre- and alternations. These findings lead to the pattern and from language as information. For the protomorphology conclusion that tone and vowel do not interact latter the capacity to “arrest” speech and to directly and that there is no feature-to-feature consider it critically is central to understanding (for more details see the LINCOM webshop) correlation between them. Their interaction lies in the role of linguistic mediation in rationality. the prosodic anchor mediating between them. To However, by placing language in a biological and ISBN 3 89586 468 4. LINCOM Studies in account for the correlation between tonal contour evolutionary context the work revisits the Theoretical Linguistics 29. 200pp. USD and syllable weight and the close relationship analogy/anomaly debate and emphasises the 118.50 / EUR 96.30 / GBP 81.90. 2002. between syllable structures and vowel features, a evidence for a more balanced and organic view of prosodic anchor hypothesis is proposed which language along with its systematic features. The attributes the tone-vowel interaction to the mora work draws attention to the need to explain the Future Challenges for and its function as an anchor for both tone and adaptation of linguistic constructs to ever- vowel. changing human needs and priorities and suggests Natural Linguistics

some solutions. ISBN 3 89586 647 4. LINCOM Studies in ATARZYNA ZIUBALSKA OŁACZYK Theoretical Linguistics 16. 220pp. USD K D -K 109.80 / EUR 89.30 / GBP 75.90. 1999. ISBN 3 89586 479 X. LINCOM Studies in & JAROSŁAW WECKWERTH (EDS.) Theoretical Linguistics 36. 115pp. USD 70.00 University of Poznan / EUR 56.90 / GBP 48.40. 2006. Dependency reversal in The purpose of this volume is to stir discussion noun-attributive and stimulate comments which may eventually Pre- and result in Natural Linguistics re-asserting itself constructions: more widely in the present-day arena of linguistic Protomorphology: frameworks. A global future challenge for towards a typology Early Phases of Morphological Natural Linguistics is to demonstrate its ANDREJ L. MALCHUKOV epistemological potential to new audiences in a Development in Nouns and Verbs convincing and informative manner. It is hoped Russian Academy of Sciences MARIA D. VOEIKOVA AND WOLFGANG that this volume may serve two functions: to unite natural linguists in their research and to This study is conceived as a contribution to a U. DRESSLER (eds.), Editorial tyoplogy of attributive contructions, focussing on encourage others to become involved in a Natural constructions exhibiting splits of head proporties. assistance: KATHERINA KORECKY- Linguistic framework. The term “dependency reversal in noun- KROELL, University of Vienna Among the thirteen papers constituting the attributive constructions“ (DNRA) is used to refer volume, the reader will find contributions to to possessive-like attributive constructions (of the How can we explain that young children appear phonology, phonetics, morphology, and text, as type (that) idiot of a doctor), with the attribute to acquire very different morphological systems well as reference to such areas of external surfacing as the formal head and the semantic in similar ways? What are the similarities in evidence as acquisition, language head surfacing as the formal possessor. The body acquisition across the very different language change, phonostylistics, dialectal variation, of the study presents a discussion of DNRA systems that they learn? Are also different parts psycholinguistics, speech pathology and contructions as attested in six individual of morphology, such as inflection and derivation evolution. Considered issues include: functional languages: Even (resp. other Tungusic acquired in similar ways? Are there differences in explanation and dysfunctions, markedness and languages), Aleut, Hausa, Gude, Chinook and nominal vs. verbal morphology? complexity, phonological categoriality and Latin. The variation of the DNRA patterns, in In providing answers to such basic questions phonetic gradience, semiotic underpinnings of particular along the parameter of the attribute’s this volume presents the intermediate results of linguistic explanations, the uses and meanings of upgrading/recategorization, is further considered. the international “Crosslinguistic Project on Pre- naturalness, morphological productivity, Following the lines of structure-based and Protomorphology in Language Acquisition” typological vs. language-specific nature of typologies, an upward taxonomy of DNRA co-ordinated by Wolfgang U. Dressler in behalf morphological priming, criteria for nativization of structures is presented to include other cases of of the Austrian Academy of Sciences. loanwords, and development of compositionality constructions involving the attribute’s upgrading Premorphology refers to the phase when small in the phylogenesis of language. children use only isolated rote-learnt and the head (-to-possessor) demotion. In search CONTENTS morphological forms and onomatopoetic and of DNRA related patterns the discussion is Antonio Bertacca: Description and explanation of extended to internal relative clauses and other extragrammatical morphology-like constructions with “dominant attributes“. Finally operations. In the protomorphological phase language change; Dagmar Bittner: Emergence of factors favouring the rise of DNRA structures are children detect morphology and start to actively grammatical complexity and markedness in the tentatively considered: apart from diachronic compose and decompose words. The aim of this acquisition of verb and noun phrases in German; factors, underdifferentiation of lexical categories project is to compare the acquisition of Patricia Jane Donegan: Phonological processes as well as pragmatic salience of the attribute are morphology in up to 20 languages by children and phonetic rules; Wolfgang U. Dressler: shown to contribute to DNRA processes. from about 1;2 through at least 3;0 years of age. Naturalness and functionalism; Katarzyna The book includes several introductory Dziubalska-Kolaczyk: Challenges for Natural ISBN 3 89586 683 0. LINCOM Studies in chapters written by the project co-ordinators on Linguistics in the 21st century: A personal view; Language Typology 03. 54 pp. USD 56.50 / the base of the written reports of participants and EUR 45.90 / GBP 39.00. 2000. several studies on the acquisition of noun and Livio Gaeta: Growth of symbols: The inexorable

8 ♦ LINCOM EUROPA• project line 20 • 2010 THEORETICAL LINGUISTICS/LINGUISTIC TYPOLOGY

namely syntactic structure, prosody, and fate of diagrams; Natalia Gagarina: Productivity 1 Introduction discourse/text structure—, and also the theoretical of the verbal inflectional classes (The case of 2 Morphology, Etymology, and the repercussions for a variety of frameworks. Russian); Theodor Granser and Sylvia Internal Structure of Words Among the topics covered in the papers are the Moosmüller: Phonemic schwa – a challenge for 3 Towards a Non-Paninian Phonology following ones: ellipsis, determiners and 4 On Interpretation Natural Phonology? The case of Albanian; Gonia determiner phrases, the grammar of emotions, the 5 Interpreting Different Expressions Jarema, Gary Libben, Wolfgang U. Dressler and past and the present perfect, intonation and Differently Eva Kehayia: The role of typological variation in discourse structure, lexical presuppositions, 6 Syntactic Epenthesis and the the processing of interfixed compounds; Lavinia metalinguistic terms and discourse typology in Rationality of Case Merlini Barbaresi: Markedness and text lexical , and discourse markers. 7 The Denomination Parameter Este libro consta de doce trabajos que tratan complexity; Elke Ronneberger-Sibold: On the 8 Epilogue: ARE WE READY? phonostylistic function of prototypical nonnative distintos aspectos sobre significado e sound shapes in contemporary German: Evidence interpretaciön en español. El foco principal del ISBN 3 89586 950 3. LINCOM Studies in from the history of brand names; Šárka volumen es la exploración de cómo el significado Theoretical Linguistics 18. 180pp. USD se expresa a través de diferentes componentes 103.00 / EUR 83.70 / GBP 71.20. 2000. Šimáčková: Retracted pronunciation of the Czech gramaticales --como son la estructura sintáctica, alveolar trill: Why phonologists need phonetic la prosodia, y la estructura del discurso y los labs; Jaroslaw Weckwerth: From jaw oscillation textos--, y también las repercusiones teóricas en Structure and to phonological compositionality: A scenario diversos marcos de análisis lingüístico. Entre los temas que se analizan en los distintos articulos Interpretation destacan los siguientes: la elipsis, los ISBN 3 89586 308 4. LINCOM Studies in determinantes y sintagmas determinantes, la in Natural Language Theoretical Linguistics 30. 280pp. USD gramática de las emociones, el pretérito perfecto 105.40 / EUR 85.70 / GBP 72.90. 2002. y ei indefinido, la entonación y la estructura del MARC AUTHIER & LISA REED discurso, las presuposiciones léxicas, los términos matalingüisticos y la tipología de los discursos en The Pennsylvania State University, Représentations du el marco de la semántica léxica, y los marcadores University Park de discurso. sens linguistique The central objective of this book is to present an The Role of Intonation in the Structuring of integrated theory of the syntax-semantics DOMINIQUE LAGORGETTE ET PIERRE Discourse: Evidence from Colombian Spanish. interface, one which combines the most recent advances in the generative framework with the ARRIVEE EDS Jessica Payeras, Université du Québec à L ( .) basic tenets of model-theoretic semantics. The Montréal. ¿Qué nos dicen del discurso los marcadores del three opening chapters develop, in a step-by-step Le sens participe de tous les niveaux d'analyse du and highly accessible fashion, an approach to langage. On le retrouve au coeur de phénomènes español? José Portolés, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. structure and meaning in these terms. comme la polysémie, la grammaticalisation, le The remaining chapters show how this rôle pour l'interprétation de la syntaxe, The Intonational Structure of Declamatory Declaratives in Spanish. Juan Manuel Sosa, approach sheds light on three long-standing l’organisation de la métonymie, la structuration issues in formal grammar: the treatment of de la métaphore. Il est sujet aux variations Simon Fraser University. "syntactically-triggered" presuppositions, the synchroniques et historiques, typologiques et treatment of some notable exceptions to the sociales. Ces manifestations permettent de (for more details see the LINCOM webshop) generative binding conditions, and the issue of révéler, lorsqu'elles sont considérées sous le ISBN 3 89586 334 3. LINCOM Studies in the relative autonomy of syntax and semantics. rapport des représentations qu'elles font Theoretical Linguistics 26. 280pp. USD With respect to the first issue, it is argued that a intervenir, l'organisation du sens linguistique. 118.50 / EUR 96.30 / GBP 81.90. 2001. compositional treatment of syntactically-triggered C'est cette organisation que s'attachent à presuppositions can be formulated as a condition identifier les contributions réunies dans cet which ties presuppositional triggers to a specific ouvrage. À partir de l'étude empirique de AFTER ETYMOLOGY: class of syntactic configurations definable in problèmes classiques de sémantique et de prag- terms of devices found in Minimalist syntax. A matique, elles proposent les réponses qu'apportent TOWARDS A SUBSTANTIVIST subsequent chapter demonstrates that the les approches les plus actuelles aux questions de LINGUISTICS empirical coverage of so-called Bare-Output la nature des représentations du sens, des Conditions in generative syntax can be increased régularités dont elles rendent compte et des ROBAL ASGUPTA if such conditions are made sensitive to the two contraintes qui les façonnent. P D , University of Hyderabad, RAJENDRA SINGH, Université types of semantic information which have * Catherine Fuchs, ENS Ulm / Sèvres. Ordre des sometimes been recognized in model-theoretic LAN ORD constituants, marqueurs polysémiques et de Montréal & A J.F , Université semantics; that is, extension expressions and dynamique du sens. de Montréal implicature expressions. Finally, empirical * Pierre Cadiot, Université Paris VIII - evidence is adduced which supports the view that Vincennes-Saint-Denis et CNRS / Lattice, Yves- The authors argue for a substantivist linguistics there are two distinct types of semantic Marie Visetti, CNRS / Lattice, Instabilité et that parts company with the excessive concern constraints and that those which make reference with etymology that has shaped much modern théorie des formes en sémantique. th to features of tree geometry can, under specific * Alain Polguère, Université de Montréal. Le sens work. of the 19 century circumstances defined by representational linguistique peut-il être visualisé ? offered an etymology of words, but that Economy conditions, override those which do * François Nemo, Université d’Orléans. Sym- etymology self-destructs, and merges into several not. boles ou index? La sémantique entre structuralist projects. On our construal, this self Audience: Linguists, philosophers, com- dénomination et signification. destruction arises from Saussure’s attempt to push putational and psycholinguists, cognitive the Neo-grammarian logic to the point of scientists; advanced undergraduates, graduate (for more details see the LINCOM webshop) demanding total accountability. But no students and researchers in these fields. structuralism can offer synchronic sources for Contents: Introduction - Earlier Models of ISBN 3 89586 335 1. LINCOM Studies in words. Since the linguist’s etymological drive Generative Grammar - Minimalist Theory - An Theoretical Linguistics 22. 498pp. USD remained intact while the historical wing of the Integration of Model-Theoretic Semantics with 122.10 / EUR 99.30 / GBP 84.40. 2002. enterprise became first optional and marginal, the Minmalist Syntax - On the Compositional derivational impulse sought new objects. That Analysis of Presupposed Meaning - On impulse seems to us to have exhausted itself in Presuppusitions and the Satisfaction of Bare Meaning and the Components frankly but unwarrantedly derivational accounts Output Conditions - Bare Output Conditions and of Grammar/ that are still the hallmarks of contemporary Others: On the Notions of Primay and Economy El significado y los linguistics. We need to go beyond such accounts in the Semantic Component - Bibliography. and beyond etymology. componentes de la gramática The book examines what seem to be the core ISBN 3 89586 603 2. LINCOM Studies in postulates of etymologism through their Theoretical Linguistics 14. 180pp. USD JAVIER GUTIÉRREZ-REXACH (ed.) descriptive manifestations in grammar and argues 112.30 / EUR 91.30 / GBP 77.60. 1999. for their replacement with substantivist The Ohio State University, Columbus postulates. It also asks that all linguists take a This book contains twelve papers which address serious look at the substantive compulsions that several issues pertaining meaning and have driven generative work not just to a revolution interpretation in Spanish. The central focus of the at the formal level, but also to a continuous volume is to explore how meaning is expressed substantive follow-up within that revolution. through different grammatical components -- Table of Contents:

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morphology; ELKE RONNEBERGER-SIBOLD: Creative competence at work: the creation of Case-Asymmetry partial motivation in German trade names; ANNA A world-wide typological study on lexeme-class-dependent M. THORNTON: On -ex and -tex; DAMARIS deviations in morphological case inventories NÜBLING: The semiotic and morphological structure of German toponyms. Different strategies for indicating propriality. OLIVER A. IGGESEN University of Bremen ISBN 3 89586 590 7. LINCOM Studies in Theoretical Linguistics 12. 200pp. USD 104.20 It is common knowledge that in a number of European languages (e.g. English) certain / EUR 84.70 / GBP 72.00. 2000. case categories apply only to a subset of the overall stock of nominal lexemes, while being

absent from the inflectional system of the rest. Thus, not all languages make use of their noun-inflectional potential in a consistent and generalized fashion. For this principled Typology of Conditional variation in morphological behavior Oliver A. Iggesen’s monograph introduces the terminological pair case-symmetry vs. case-asymmetry. Case-asymmetry has hitherto Constructions received hardly any attention in linguistic literature, neither from a theoretical nor from an empirical perspective. If ever, its occurrence in European languages has been dismissed as VIKTOR S. KHRAKOVSKIJ (ed.) accidental, and extra-European instances are usually not known to scholars of linguistics. Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Linguistic Research, Saint-Petersburg Iggesen’s book closes this gap by exploring case-asymmetry from a typological

perspective on the basis of a 260-language sample. The author demonstrates that this The present volume has been prepared by the underestimated property is indeed manifested by a considerable number of languages. Language Typology Workshop of the Institute of Following a discussion of the theoretical foundations and implications of this concept, Linguistic Research, Russian Academy of Iggesen provides a detailed documentation of the identified instances of case-asymmetry Sciences. The book continues the earlier studies of the and introduces a meaningful typological sub-classification of the phenomenon. Workshop addressing grammatical categories of Furthermore, he shows that case-asymmetry is functionally motivated and integrated the verb linked to the semantic and syntactic into the even broader domain of differential relational marking. The book is supplemented structure of the sentence: (ed. A.A. Kholodovich) by typological maps. Typology of Causative Constructions, Nauka: Leningrad, 1969; (ed. A.A. Kholodovich) ISBN 3 89586 375 0 (Hardbound). LINCOM Studies in Language Typology 09. 660pp. USD Typology of Passive Constructions, Nauka: 192.30 / EUR 156.30 / GBP 132.90. 2005. Leningrad, 1974; (ed. V.P. Nedjalkov) Typology of Resultative Constructions, Amsterdam, 1988; (ed. V.S. Khrakovskij) Typology of Iterative This Part was prepared by a large group of Constructions (ed. V.S. Khrakovskij), LINCOM Typology of Iterative authors, including T. G. Akimova (English), E. V. Europa; Typology of Imperative Constructions, Constructions Golovko (Aleut), E. A. Gruzdeva (Nivkh), E. E. (ed. V.S. Khrakovskij), LINCOM Europa:

Kordi (French), N. A. Kozintseva (Armenian), I. Munchen, 2000; etc.

VIKTOR S. KHRAKOVSKIJ (ed.) V. Nedjalkov (Even), V. P. Nedjalkov The choice of conditional sentences as the (Chukchee), M. A. Smirnova (Hausa), N. M. Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of object of research was determined by the Spatari (Cambodian) , V. A. Stegnij (Klamath), following considerations. Linguistic Research, Saint-Petersburg N. B. Vaxtin (Eskimo), A. P. Volodin (Itelmen), 1. Conditional constructions, traditionally a The present book has been prepared by the V. A. Plungian (Chamalal), D. M. Nasilov focus of scientific interest, seem to be Language Typology Workshop of the Russian (Turkic languages), I. S. Bystrov (Vietnamese), S. insufficiently described from the angle of Academy of Sciences Institute of Linguistic Je. Jaxontov (Chinese), Ju. P. Knyazev (Slavic universal typology (at least, the authors are not Research. languages), G. Z. Poumpyan (Arabic), V. M. aware of any consistent description of conditional The book continues the earlier studies of the Alpatov (Japanese), B. A. Zaxarjin (Hindi), E. Š. constructions in differently structured languages Workshop addressing the syntactic structure of Geniushiene (Lithuanian), V. P. Litvinov (Ewe), built on a single theoretical base). the sentence: (ed. A.A. Kholodovich) Typology S. M. Kibardina (German), and Agus Salim 2. The baseline approach, used in most of Causative Constructions, "Nauka": Leningrad, (Indonesian). The three interpretations of the modern conditional construction studies, is that 1969, (ed. A.A. Kholodovich) Typology of category of plurality presented in Part 3 (written conditional constructions in any natural language Passive constructions, "Nauka": Leningrad, by L. A. Biriulin, G. G. Silnitskij, I. B. Dolinina) practically mirror the logical operation of 1974, (ed. V.P. Nedjalkov) Typology of differ from the theory developed in the implication and, consequently, any semantic resultative constructions, Amsterdam 1988, etc. preceeding chapters both in their general definition of conditional constructions must The monograph focuses on the semantic approach and in specific aspects of analysis. The proceed from the notion of material implication. category of multiplicity of situations realized in book is supplied with an extensive bibliography. We believe that this concept needs serious utterances. The main objective of this work is, by correction due to a basic difference existing proceeding from content to form, to determine ISBN 3 89586 178 2. LINCOM Studies in between the approaches applied by logic and grammatical, lexical, and contextual means of Theoretical Linguistics 04. 540pp. USD linguistics in their analysis of conditional expressing the specific meanings of plurality, viz. 132.00 / EUR 107.30 / GBP 91.20. 1997. utterances. the iterative, the multiplicative, and the 3. Until recently, the Language Typology distributive both in a single language and in Workshop of the Institute of Linguistic Research different languages. Extragrammatical and have studied exclusively mono-predicative The book consists of three parts. Part 1 constructions. Now they find it important to see outlines the theory suggesting one of the possible Marginal Morphology how efficient their methods of language-typology ways of interpreting the category of situational studies can be when applied to bi-predicative plurality. URSULA DOLESCHAL constructions which are so typically represented Part 2 has four sections and 24 chapters & ANNA M. THORNTON (eds.) by conditional constructions. describing the category of situational plurality in The volume consists of two parts. Part 1 structurally different languages. These This volume is a collection of papers presented at contains two chapters: Chapter 1 outlining the descriptions are quite uniform and, on the whole, a workshop on “Extragrammatical and Marginal theoretical concept of the research, and Chapter 2 are based on the theory presented in Part 1. Morphology“ held in Vienna in February 1996. It which presents a questionnaire on conditional Section A (Chapters 1-7) deals with languages brings together authors from different theoretical constructions in differently structured languages. which use special grammatical markers to express backgrounds, spanning from Natural Morphology Part 2 contains two sections and 24 chapters on the iterative, multiplicative, and distributive. to and OT. The topics addressed conditional sentences in structurally different Section B (Chapters 8-15) focuses on languages include, besides a general introduction to the languages. Section 1 addresses languages where having specific grammatical means to express concepts of extragrammatical and marginal the prototypical conditional construction is the iterative. Section C (Chapters 16-20) morphology, a close-up study of phenomena such represented by a complex sentence: Bulgarian, describes languages that have tense forms as blends, the make-up of trade names in different Dari, Armenian, Hindu, Ancient Greek, Archaic combining with iterative adverbials. Section D languages, and the morphological structure of Latin, French, German, English, Finnish, (Chapters 21-24) deals with languages where toponyms. Estonian, Hungarian, Hausa, Klamath, iterative meanings are expressed by adverbials. It Contents: WOLFGANG U. DRESSLER: Indonesian, Cambodian, Vietnamese, and Ancient is easily seen that this classification lays no Extragrammatical vs. marginal morphology; Chinese. Section 2 deals with languages where claims to strict precision, its immediate aim being BERNARD FRADIN: Combining forms, blends and the prototypical conditional construction is an intuitively acceptable classification of related phenomena; OUTI BAT-EL: The represented by sentences with linguistic data. of "extragrammatical" converbal/infinitive phrases: Even, Evenki,

10 ♦ LINCOM EUROPA• project line 20 • 2010 THEORETICAL LINGUISTICS/LINGUISTIC TYPOLOGY

Eskimo, Aleut, Yukagir, and Japanese. L. A. Biriulin, N. B. Vaxtin, A. P. Volodin, E. V. is based. The contributors to the volume include: Golovko, E. Yu. Gruzdeva, I. B. Dolinina, N. A. researchers from Saint Petersburg Institute of Kozintseva, E. E. Kordi, D. M. Nasilov, A. Yu. ISBN 3 89586 091 3. LINCOM Studies in Linguistic Research (Agus Salim, T. G. Akimova, Rusakov, M. A. Smirnova, N. M. Spartar, V. A. Theoretical Linguistics 02. 171pp. USD 83.30 N. J. Bulatova, N. B. Vaxtin, E. V. Golovko, N. Stegnij, V. S. Xrakovskij), Oriental Faculty of the / EUR 67.70 / GBP 57.60. 1997. A. Kozintseva, E. E. Kordi, A. L. Malchukov, E. Saint Petersburg State University (I. S. Bystrov, S. Maslova, I. V. Nedyalkov, I. A. Perelmouter, N. A. Dobronravin, E. A. Kuzmenkov, L. V. M. A. Smirnova, N. M. Spatar, V. A. Stegnij, V. Malygina, A. K. Ogloblin, G. E. Rachkov), as Resultativa in den S. Xrakovskij), Oriental Faculty of the Saint well as linguists from other research institutions nordslavischen Petersburg State University (I. S. Bystrov, N. A. of Russia, Uzbekistan, and Vietnam: X. F. Dobronravin, T. N. Nikitina, A. K. Ogloblin, T. I. Isxakova, and M. S. Polinskaja (Institute of und baltischen Sprachen Oranskaja), Philological Faculty of the Saint Linguistics of the Russian Academy of Sciences), Petersburg State University (M. K. Sabaneyeva), V. M. Alpatov (Institute of Oriental Studies of the Bestandsaufnahme unter arealen und as well as linguists from other research Russian Academy of Sciences), M. B. Bergelson grammatikalisierungstheoretischen institutions of Russia, Bulgaria, Esthonia, (Institute of the Russian Language of the Russian Gesichtspunkten Finland, and Hungary: B. J. Ostrovsky (Moscow Academy of Sciences), Kofi O. Agbodjo and V. State University), V. M. Alpatov and V. I. P. Litvinov (Pyatigorsk Pedagogical Institute), S. BJÖRN WIEMER (Universität Konstanz) & Podlesskaja (Moscow Institute of Oriental M. Kibardina (Vologda Pedagogical Institute), MARKUS GIGER (Karls Universität Prag) Studies), S. M. Kibardina (Vologda University), Sh. S. Safarov (Samarkand Pedagogical Institute), R. Nicolova (Sofia University), I. P. Külmoja and N. V. Stankevich (Hanoi University). Die Arbeit setzt sich zum Ziel, in möglichst (Tartu University), H. Tommola (Tampere The book is supplied with an extensive erschöpfender Art den Bestand an Resultativ- University), L. Jaszay and E. Tot (Budapest bibliography. Konstruktionen in den im Titel benannten Teacher Training Institute). Sprachen darzustellen. Den Begriff des The book is supplied with an extensive Resultativs (vs. Perfekt, Passiv, Stativ) bibliography. ISBN 3 89586 542 7. LINCOM Studies in Theoretical Linguistics 09. 558 pp. USD 134.40 / übernehmen wir aus der „Tipologija ISBN 3 89586 679 2 (Hardbound). LINCOM EUR 109.30 / GBP 92.90. 2001. rezul’tativnych konstrukcij“ (1983; engl. 1988 als „Typology of Resultative Constructions“), ebenso Studies in Theoretical Linguistics 25. 714 pp. deren Einteilung in Diathesetypen (s.u.). Im USD 237.80 / EUR 193.30 / GBP 164.30. 2006. slavisch-baltischen Kontext läuft eine solche From Space to Time Temporal Adverbials in the World’s Einteilung praktisch auf eine Typologie der anterioren (präteritalen) Partizipien, in Typology of Imperative Languages Kombination mit Kopula- bzw. Auxiliarverben vom Typ ESSE (z.B. russ. byt’) und HABERE Constructions MARTIN HASPELMATH (z.B. tschech. mít), hinaus. In der „Tipologija…“ Max-Planck-Institute for Evolutionary (1983) sind diese nicht lückenlos behandelt VIKTOR S. KHRAKOVSKIJ (ed.) Anthropology worden, insbesondere nicht in bezug auf die Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of slavischen und baltischen Sprachen. Auch werden Linguistic Research, Saint-Petersburg The relation between space and time has dort areale Gesichtspunkte gar nicht und für fascinated linguists and philosophers for a long Fragen der diachronen Entwicklung (u.a. der The present volume has been prepared by the time. That temporal relations are derived from Grammatikalisierung) relevante Aspekte nur sehr Language Typology Workshop of the Russian spatial relations in many languages through sporadisch angesprochen; in der vorliegenden Academy of Sciences Institute of Linguistic conceptual metaphor is a commonplace, but Arbeit werden diese Fragestellungen hingegen Research. systematic studies of this phenomenon were konsequent entwickelt. The book continues the earlier studies of the lacking. Systematische Berücksichtigung finden Workshop addressing grammatical categories of In this important new book, the author deshalb auch diachrone Hintergründe, the verb linked to the semantic and syntactic investigates grammatical markers of simple (non- soziolinguistische Faktoren und areallin- structure of the sentence: (ed. A.A. Kholodovich) clausal) time adverbials in a world-wide sample guistische Zusammenhänge. Außerdem werden Typology of Causative Constructions, Nauka: of 50 languages (with an unavoidable emphasis Konkurrenzen und Überschneidungen zwischen Leningrad, 1969; (ed. A.A. Kholodovich) on European languages), presents a taxonomy of alternativen Konstruktionen erörtert sowie die Typology of Passive Constructions, Nauka: the systematic types of time adverbials and Frage, wie stark die jeweiligen Konstruktionen Leningrad, 1974; (ed. V.P. Nedjalkov) Typology formulates typological generalizations about the (Partizipien) im Bestand der Verbstämme der of Resultative Constructions, Amsterdam, 1988; adverbial markers (mainly adpositions and cases). jeweiligen Sprache (Varietät) Fuß gefaßt haben. (ed. V.S. Xrakovskij) Typology of Iterative For the first time, a cross-linguistically applicable Dieser letzte Gesichtspunkt wird, Lehmann Constructions, LINCOM EUROPA, Munchen, terminological grid for time adverbials is (1999) folgend, als „Expansion im Lexikon“ 1997; etc. developed that makes comparative research in bezeichnet und gilt als ein wesentliches Indiz für The monograph focuses on imperative this area possible. die Grammatikalisierung der Konstruktion. Als sentences and verb forms used in them. The main The results comfirm the expectation that weitere Anknüpfungspunkte in theoretischer objective of this work is, by proceeding from the temporal notions overwhelmingly derive from Hinsicht und hinsichtlich der empirischen universal definition of the imperative concept, to spatial notions, in particular markers of temporal Materialbasis wären seitens der Autoren selbst die describe the imperative sentences from the angle location (e.g. in March, before the meal, after the Arbeiten Giger (2003) und Wiemer (2004) zu of language typology. war). In fact, there are no languages that do not nennen. The volume consists of three parts. Part 1 make use of spatial concepts for the expression of Der Bestand an Resultativ-Konstruktionen contains two chapters: Chapter 1, outlining the time at all, and speculations (originating in wird aus synchroner Sicht somit hinsichtlich theoretical concept of the research, and Chapter 2, Benjamin L. Whorf’s work on Hopi) that cultures folgender Eigenschaften systematisch dargestellt: presenting a questionnaire on imperative differ fundamentally in their conceptualization of Abgrenzung und Überlappung von resultati- sentences and imperative verb forms. Part 2 time are thereby refuted definively. However, not ver und aktionaler (ereignis- bzw. prozeß- contains 23 chapters on imperative sentences in all temporal concepts are expressed by spatial bezogener) Verwendung, Abgrenzung zum Stativ structurally different languages: Aleut, Armenian, markers, and temporal markers do show a und Wechselwirkung mit dem Tempus. Bamana, Cambodian, English, Eskimo, Ewe, tendency to become autonomous from their Überschneidungen mit und Abgrenzungen French, German, Gypsy, Hausa, Hebrew, spatial sources. Thus, there is little linguistic vom analytischen Passiv und dem Subjekt- Indonesian, Japanese, Kerek, Klamath, Maori, evidence for the full conceptual unity of space Impersonal (der poln. und ukrain. no/to- Mongol, Nivkh, Tagalog, Turkic languages, and time. Konstruktion). Vietnamese, and Javanese. These 23 chapters are Additional issues dealt with in this typological Hierarchien und Restriktionen in der grouped into five sections in consistence with study are the role of deixis in temporal adverbial Expansion auf lexikalische und aspektuell five types of languages that are singled out markers, alternatives to simple time markes where relevante Gruppen. basing on two major attributes: (i) presence or these are lacking, and grammaticalization as an Areale Verteilung von Resultativa absence of a specific imperative person/number explanatory factor. (Partizipien) auf die obigen Funktionen und hin- paradigm, and (ii) homogeneity or non- The book consists of the following chapters: sichtlich der Expansion im Lexikon. homogeneity of the forms in the imperative (1) Introduction, (2) Taxonomy of the semantic All diese Aspekte werden, so weit wie paradigm. Part 3 provides an alternative functions, (3) Theoretical issues, (4) Sequential aufgrund der vorhandenen Evidenzen möglich, interpretation of the imperative paradigm that location (‘after’/‘before’), (5) Sequential-durative auch aus diachroner Sicht behandelt. differs from the theory developed in the (‘since’/‘until’), (6) Temporal distance Das Buch umfaßt 140 Seiten (inkl. einer preceding chapters both in its general approach (‘in’/‘ago’), (7) Simultaneous location (‘at, in, zweiseitigen Tabelle zu allen Diathese- und and in specific aspects of analysis. on’), (8) Temporal extent (‘for’/‘in’), (9) morphologischen Typen, mehreren Karten, 9 The contributors to the volume are: Conclusion. An appendix containing examples of Seiten Literaturnachweis, einem Abkürzungs- researchers from Saint Petersburg Institute of the markers in the 50 languages allows the reader und einem Inhaltsverzeichnis, 2 Seiten als Linguistic Research (Agus Salim, T. G. Akimova, to get a full picture of the data on which this work Vorwort). Die Kapitelaufteilung richtet sich im

The LINCOM webshop: www.lincom.eu LINCOM EUROPA• project line 20 • 2010 ♦ 11 THEORETICAL LINGUISTICS/LINGUISTIC TYPOLOGY wesentlichen nach Sprachen und schreitet nach San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec, involving geographischem (arealem) Prinzip im großen und comparisons, other degree expressions, and other Verb Semantics, ganzen von Nordosten (Russisch) nach lexical and functional , is presented. Südwesten (Sorbisch) fort: Attention is called to MUCH, the abstract Diathesis and Aspect

adjectival quantifier contained in English much 1. Einleitung: Eingrenzungen und Aufgaben- and many, SLQZ zyèeiny, zìi’lly, and -dya’ / - MILA DIMITROVA-VULCHANOVA stellung. 2. Standardrussisch. 3. Nord(west)- tya’, and any Spanish degree adverbial showing NTNU, Trondheim russische Mundarten. 4. Die baltischen Sprachen. number and gender agreement, but not inherently 4.1. Litauisch. 4.2. Lettisch. 5. Weißrussisch. 6. in mucho, an allomorph of muy. In SLQZ, the This work addresses issues of the interface Ukrainisch. 7. Polnisch. 8. Ehemalige ostseesla- sequence MUCH-ER is transparently segment- between the lexical specification of verbs and the vische Sprachen und heutiges Kaschubisch. 9. able as such in amount comparisons (contra level of Morpho-syntactic structure and verbal Tschechisch. 10. Slovakisch. 11. Ober- und Nie- English and Spanish), ER being the morpheme Aspect. The main claim is that the properties of dersorbisch. 12. Zusammenschau der Fakten, inherent in comparisons of inequality. In other constructions are largely predictable from the einige Folgerungen und offene Fragen. degree constructions explored in English, semantic properties of the head verb. This claim

Spanish, and SLQZ, the nominal system also extends to predictions concerning the ISBN 3 89586 476 5 (Hardbound). LINCOM consistently provides a QP slot occupied by a aspectual properties of constructions. The Studies in Language Typology 10. 140 S. form of MUCH, contra the adjectival system languages on which this study is based include USD 123.40 / EUR 100.30 / GBP 85.30. 2006. (with certain exceptions such as in the case Germanic (English, Norwegian and German) and ofdifferent). Non-predicative nominal express- Slavic (Bulgarian and Russian). The analysis is ions interact with a Deg only via the intermediary carried out within a framework of grammar called Semantica das predicacões of MUCH, whereas most adjectives must interact 'The Sign Model', currently under development. estativas para uma directly with a Deg. Therefore, there are two The discussion focuses on a number of aspectual instances of more and más: processes attested cross-linguistically and the caracterização aspectual (i) the instance used in amount comparisons, problems they pose for a unified treatment. In the dos estados subdividable into MUCH (plus agreement) and course of presentation an illustration is given of ER, and (ii) the instance used in adjectival degree the systematic interrelation between the morpho- syntactic realization of constructions and their UÍS ILIPE UNHA comparisons, containing only ER. Subordination L F C aspectual properties. While providing a Universidade do Porto and coordination are shown to not be consistently distinguishable on syntactic grounds. ER discussion of the relevant existing proposals for

complementation is typically either via a the treatment of Aspect (Aspectuality) in view of O objectivo central deste trabalho é o de preposition plus numeral, measure phrase, or the syntactic properties of constructions, the work caracterizar semanticamente as predicações degree relative, or via an adversative conjunction also indicates a system geared towards a unified estativas, procurando determinar as propriedades structure. The former type is introduced by de in analysis. e comportamentos linguísticos que nos permitem Spanish and ta’ or cah (with subsequent nih) in A considerable part of the book is devoted to identificá-las. SLQZ, whereas the latter type is introduced by the implementation of the Sign Model to the Para tal, começamos por reequacionar a noção que in Spanish and cah (without nih) or lohoh in analysis of passive constructions based on a de Aspecto, comparando-a com outros conceitos SLQZ. Both types are introduced by than in notional definition of PASSIVE. A number of relacionados. Avançamos critérios que English. construction types cross-linguistically are possibilitem dar conta do comportamento matched against this definition, such as middles linguístico dos estativos. Sugerimos e ISBN 3 89586 774 8. LINCOM Studies in in English, impersonals in Germanic, and the fundamentamos uma subclassificação para os Bulgarian constructions involving the reflexive Language Typology 15. 360pp. USD 99.30 / estados, baseada nas oposições entre predicados clitic se. An attempt is made at defining the EUR 80.70 / GBP 68.60. 2006. de indivíduo vs. predicados de “estádio”, por um constraints for each of the above construction lado, e entre estados “faseáveis” e “não types which arise from the lexical specification of faseáveis”, por outro. the head verbs. The book also includes a proposal Investigamos, depois, as diferentes Birds, Colours and concerning the aspectual properties of passives configurações linguísticas que veiculam Prepositions and the role palyed by passive morphology in estatividade: os estados lexicais, os estados aspect construal. obtidos a partir de verbos de operação e de The Theory of Categorization and “perspectivação” aspectual, os estados its Applications in Linguistics ISBN 3 89586 572 9. LINCOM Studies in consequentes e os estados habituais. Theoretical Linguistics 08. 200pp. USD Abordamos a interacção que se estabelece PAULA LÓPEZ RÚA 105.40 / EUR 85.70 / GBP 72.90. 1999. entre os estados e outros componentes da Universidade de Santiago de Compostela gramática, em particular os tempos gramaticais, os adverbiais de localização e de medição This book is first about categorization and then Respekt: temporal, os adverbiais frequentativos e habituais about linguistic categorization. On the one hand, e as orações temporais. Avaliaremos o impacto it gives answers to both general and specific Die Grammatikalisierung von que a estatividade assume na organização questions about that process (what is Höflichkeit temporal dos discursos, discutindo o papel das categorization for? Is it exclusively human, or diferentes subclasses de estativos na interpretação exclusively adult? Are categories like bird, blue, MARTIN HAASE de frases linearmente ordenadas. furniture, bald, love, mother or subject similar in Universität Bamberg Finalmente, tentamos demonstrar que as any way?). On the other hand, it intends to offer a subclasses de estativos propostas derivam da comprehensive, up-to-date view of the Höflichkeit und Familiarität spielen in der intervenção de dois factores: um, de ordem alternatives and tools available for the study of Grammatik zahlreicher Sprachen eine wichtige temporal, responsável pela diferenciação entre categorization in linguistics. The first part of the Rolle. So ist es im Japanischen fast unmöglich, estados de indivíduo e de “estádio”, e outro, de book is devoted to a detailed account of einen Satz zu äußern, ohne eine Aussage über das natureza aspectual, associado à distinção entre theoretical foundations and terminological Sprecher-Hörer-Verhältnis zu machen. Die estados “faseáveis” e “não faseáveis”. distinctions (for instance, category vs. concept, or pragmatisch-soziale Höflichkeitsbeziehung ist in concept vs. word vs. object). The second part Sprachen wie dem Japanischen grammati- ISBN 978 3 89586 384 4. Edição Linguística comprises a comparative analysis of the two kalisiert, ähnlich wie in europäischen Sprachen 58. 415pp. USD 108.60 / EUR 88.30 / GBP major approaches to the study of categorial Zeitbezüge in der Kategorie Tempus. Neben 75.10. 2007. conception, description and representation: the Tempus, Aspekt und Modus exisitiert dort eine discrete approach (the classical view) and the Kategorie Respekt, die ihrerseits zur Situierung non-discrete approach, where the principles of eines Sachverhaltes beiträgt. Comparative Constructions prototype theory are developed. Both In dieser sprachvergleichenden Studie werden in Spanish and San Lucas perspectives are described, exemplified and Sprachen aus unterschiedlichen Familien und evaluated, and the main conclusion drawn from Arealen untersucht, die über eine zentrale Quiaviní Zapotec the analysis is the need to consider both the Respektkategorie verfügen. Dabei zeigt sich, daß researcher's purpose and the nature of the object die formalen Mittel, mit denen diese Kategorie in MICHAEL RENE GALANT of study as determinant factors for the selection den Einzelsprachen operiert, sehr unterschiedlich California State University, Dominguez Hills of a descriptive tool, be it discrete or non- sein können: Sie reichen von Partikeln (z.B. discrete. Rumänisch, Neugriechisch), über Hilfsverben

This book examines the syntax, semantics, and und Affixe (z.B. Japanisch, Koreanisch) bis hin morphology of comparative constructions and ISBN 3 89586 760 8. LINCOM Studies in zur Integration von Respekt in other degree constructions in English, Spanish, Theoretical Linguistics 33. 250pp. USD Flexionsparadigmen (z.B. Baskisch und Nahuatl). and San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec. Previous 112.30 / EUR 91.30 / GBP 77.60. 2003. Übereinzelsprachlich betrachtet, verhalten sich descriptions and analyses of comparatives in die Respektsysteme dennoch analog: Sie English and Spanish are reviewed. New data from unterliegen vergleichbaren Restriktionen oder

12 ♦ LINCOM EUROPA• project line 20 • 2010 THEORETICAL LINGUISTICS/LINGUISTIC TYPOLOGY

one property. The main findings are that (i) Género y discurso minimal contrast can influence phonetic effects and (ii) phonological processes may single out Las mujeres y los hombres en la interacción conversacional minimally contrastive elements. A experiment tests the influence of minimal length contrast on the phonetic voicing effect, a A. VIRGINIA ACUÑA FERREIRA pattern by which vowels are longer before voiced Universidad de Vigo than before voiceless obstruents, in Lithuanian. In Lithuanian, only high and low vowels are minimally contrastive for length. The results ¿Qué actividades comunicativas son más características de las conversaciones entre indicate the voicing effect is more limited for hombres que de las que se producen entre mujeres? Por ejemplo, hablar de los problemas those vowels that are minimally contrastive for cotidianos y contar historias de queja o intercambiar confidencias, ¿es más propio de la length, showing a phonetic pattern sensitive to minimal contrast. Therefore, it is argued that the conversación femenina? ¿tienen las charlas entre ellas un carácter más íntimo y phonological representation must include relacional? ¿son las bromas, los chistes sexuales y las historias divertidas más propias de information about minimal contrast. Minimal las conversaciones entre hombres? contrast is formalized with a contrast-coindexing La existencia de numerosas creencias, estereotipos e ideologías acerca cómo es o cómo function, which applies to minimally contrastive segments capable of distinguishing pairs of debe ser el “habla de las mujeres” a diferencia del “habla de los hombres” sugiere el words. importante papel que el género puede adquirir en nuestras interacciones cotidianas. En este Contrast-coindexing predicts that minimal libro se analiza un corpus de conversaciones bilingües gallego/castellano que se contrast might also be active in the phonology. desarrollaron entre hablantes gallegos/as del mismo sexo, con el fin de poner de relieve las Evidence for this comes from vowel height harmony in Lena Asturian, where only vowels múltiples formas en que podemos transmitir feminidad y masculinidad a través de nuestra minimally contrastive for height can trigger forma de hablar y de comunicarnos con los amigos/as y con los compañeros/as de trabajo. harmony. The typology of vowel harmony from Para evitar la perpetuación de los estereotipos, el análisis se sitúa dentro del marco several varieties related to Lena further supports the active role of minimal contrast. constructivista que predomina actualmente en este campo y enfatiza el hecho de que tanto las mujeres como los hombres se implican en actividades comunicativas que están ISBN 978 3 929075 86 1. LINCOM Studies in asociadas al “sexo opuesto”. De este modo trata de resaltarse que los/as hablantes no Theoretical Linguistics 41. 273pp. USD 91.30 siempre siguen “al pie de la letra” las normas socialmente establecidas en relación con el / EUR 74.20 / GBP 63.10. 2009. género, sino que también pueden desafiarlas o “jugar con ellas”, dando lugar a la aparición de una compleja mezcla de rasgos discursivos “femeninos” y “masculinos” en las conversaciones “reales” de las mujeres y de los hombres. re-editions

ISBN 978 3 929075 57 1. LINCOM Studies in Semantics 02. USD 91.30 / EUR 74.20 / GBP 63.10. A Theory 2009. of Universal Grammar neutralisieren bestimmte Oppositionen. Hierfür category of aspect and aspectually significant as Applied to a Group können funktionale Erklärungen gefunden elements of the context. Mehlig discusses some werden. Die enge Beziehung der Kategorie problems from the sphere of the so-called of Savage Languages Respekt zu den übrigen Kategorien der general-factual meaning of the imperfective and deiktischen Situierung von Sachverhalten Poupynin deals with the problem of invariancy R.C. TEMPLE (Tempus, Modus und Aspekt) wird dabei with regard to the passive variety of the deutlich. perfective. The third group of articles is dedicated to the In reviewing lately Mr. Portman’s “Notes on the ISBN 3 929075 17 2. Edition Linguistik 03. field of taxis, i.e. phenomena on the intersection Languages of the South Andaman Group of 116 S. USD 65.10 / EUR 52.90 / GBP 45.00. of aspectuality and temporality. A general Tribes,” I pointed out that he had used a pamphlet 1998. discussion of taxis, its definition and typological of my own, privately printed in 1883, entitles “A questions is given by Xrakovsky. The narrative brief Exposition of a Theory of Universal functions of the imperfective aspect are studied Grammar”, which was specially designed to meet Functional Grammar: by Kozintseva. Zorikhina-Nilsson presents a the very difficulties he had to face in giving a Aspect and Aspectuality contrastive analysis of some functions of the general idea of languages constructed on lines at Russian perfective gerund and its equivalents in first sight very different from those on whose Tense and Temporality Swedish and Barentsen discusses problems of structure modern European Grammar is based. I Essays in honour of Alexander temporal relations in complex sentences with also pointed out that the pamphlet in question Bondarko verbs of perception. arose out of the practical impossibility of using List of authors: A. Barentsen (Amsterdam), the usual inflectional system of Grammar, as ADRIAN BARENTSEN & YOURI L.A. Birjulin (Helsinki), B. Comrie (Leipzig), E. taught in Europe for the accurate description of a Geniušien (Vilnius), V.P. Nedjalkov (St. group of agglutinative languages. And that it had OUPYNIN P (eds.) Petersburg), Ju.P. Knjazev (Novgorod), N.A. its immediate origin in the criticisms of the late Kozintseva (St. Petersburg), V. Lehmann Mr. A.J. Ellis. Mr. Ellis explained that in order to The articles in this collection discuss various (Hamburg), H.R. Mehlig (Kiel), Y.A. Poupynin adequately represent for scientific readers such a problems in areas of linguistics towards which (St. Petersburg), H. Tommola (Tampere), M.D. form of speech on the Andamanese speech, we important contributions have been made by the Voeikova (Vienna), V.S. Xrakovsky (St. require new terms and an entirely new set of distinguished Russian linguist A.V. Bondarko to Petersburg), N. Zorikhina-Nilsson (Goeteborg). grammatical conceptions, which shall not bend an whom the book is dedicated. agglutinative language to our inflectional Three groups of articles can be distinguished. ISBN 3 89586 390 4. LINCOM Studies in translation (from the introduction). The first group concerns the sphere of Theoretical Linguistics 23. 260pp. USD aspectuality – Aspect and Aktionsart. Comments 113.50 / EUR 92.30 / GBP 78.50. 2001. (Re-edition; originally published 1899 in London; on the relation between these two concepts are written in English) given by Comrie. One also finds here a discussion of the use of verbs of several lexico-grammatical The role and representation classes: the multiplicative and semelfactive ISBN 978 3 86290 090 9. 43pp. USD 29.00 / Aktionsart (Birjulin) and non-actional verbs of of minimal contrast and the EUR 24.00 / GBP 19.90. 2010/IV. existence (Voeikova). Various aspects of the reciprocal meaning are discussed: in a general phonetics-phonology typological perspective (Geniušen and interaction Nedjalkov) and in relation to Russian reflexive verbs (Knjazev). (These articles can be classified EBEKA AMPOS STORKIZA in the first group because of the existence of a R C -A reciprocal Aktionsart.) Ohio State University In the second group questions of the This study investigates the role of minimal functioning of verbal categories are examined. In contrast in phonetics and phonology. Two sounds the articles by Lehmann and Tommola special are minimally contrastive when they differ in just attention is given to the interaction between the

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