4. La Monnaie Dans Le Sud Du Caucase
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Law of Georgia Tax Code of Georgia
LAW OF GEORGIA TAX CODE OF GEORGIA SECTION I GENERAL PROVISIONS Chapter I - Georgian Tax System Article 1 - Scope of regulation In accordance with the Constitution of Georgia, this Code sets forth the general principles of formation and operation of the tax system of Georgia, governs the legal relations involved in the movement of passengers, goods and vehicles across the customs border of Georgia, determines the legal status of persons, tax payers and competent authorities involved in legal relations, determines the types of tax offences, the liability for violating the tax legislation of Georgia, the terms and conditions for appealing wrongful acts of competent authorities and of their officials, lays down procedures for settling tax disputes, and governs the legal relations connected with the fulfilment of tax liabilities. Law of Georgia No 5942 of 27 March 2012 - website, 12.4.2012 Article 2 - Tax legislation of Georgia 1. The tax legislation of Georgia comprises the Constitution of Georgia, international treaties and agreements, this Code and subordinate normative acts adopted in compliance with them. 2. The tax legislation of Georgia in effect at the moment when tax liability arises shall be used for taxation. 3. The Government of Georgia or the Minister for Finance of Georgia shall adopt/issue subordinate normative acts for enforcing this Code. 4. (Deleted - No 1886, 26.12.2013) 5. To enforce the tax legislation of Georgia, the head of the Legal Entity under Public Law (LEPL) within the Ministry for Finance of Georgia - the Revenue Service (‘the Revenue Service’) shall issue orders, internal instructions and guidelines on application of the tax legislation of Georgia by tax authorities. -
Georgia Sector Competitiveness Overview
Georgia Sector Competitiveness Overview Identification of Most Promising Manufacturing Sectors and Priority Actions to Accelerate Investment and Growth: Preliminary Recommendations to Government of Georgia June 2009 Sector Competitiveness Overview: Table of Contents Project background, objectives and approach Overall findings and conclusions • Most promising manufacturing sectors • Promising sectors beyond manufacturing • Cross-cutting issues • Recommended next steps Competitiveness assessments for all covered sectors Appendices • Organizations interviewed / visited • Companies and organizations operating in each sector • Existing reports and studies by sector 2 Project background, objectives and approach 3 Background With liberalization and deregulation, the Georgian economy has taken off in recent years World Bank Ease of Doing Business Nominal GDP Ranking, 2005 and 2008 US$ billions, 2004-2008 26% CAGR Georgia rises from 112 to 15 in Rankings Source: World Bank Doing Business 2006 and Doing Business 2009; Department of Statistics of Georgia 4 Background Both foreign and domestic investment have boomed, as investors have tapped into the growing market opportunities Total Private Capital Inflows Net FDI Inflows US$ millions, 2004-2008 US$ millions, 2004-2008 57% CAGR 27% CAGR Source: Department of Statistics of Georgia 5 Background However, most FDI has flowed into domestic infrastructure & services – as happens naturally when assets are privatized and demand takes off Composition of FDI by Sector, 2008 Natural result of asset sales -
Report, on Municipal Solid Waste Management in Georgia, 2012
R E P O R T On Municipal Solid Waste Management in Georgia 2012 1 1 . INTRODUCTION 1.1. FOREWORD Wastes are one of the greatest environmental chal- The Report reviews the situation existing in the lenges in Georgia. This applies both to hazardous and do- field of municipal solid waste management in Georgia. mestic wastes. Wastes are disposed in the open air, which It reflects problems and weak points related to munic- creates hazard to human’s health and environment. ipal solid waste management as related to regions in Waste represents a residue of raw materials, semi- the field of collection, transportation, disposal, and re- manufactured articles, other goods or products generat- cycling. The Report also reviews payments/taxes re- ed as a result of the process of economic and domestic lated to the waste in the country and, finally, presents activities as well as consumption of different products. certain recommendations for the improvement of the As for waste management, it generally means distribu- noted field. tion of waste in time and identification of final point of destination. It’s main purpose is reduction of negative impact of waste on environment, human health, or es- 1.2. Modern Approaches to Waste thetic condition. In other words, sustainable waste man- Management agement is a certain practice of resource recovery and reuse, which aims to the reduction of use of natural re- The different waste management practices are ap- sources. The concept of “waste management” includes plied to different geographical or geo-political locations. the whole cycle from the generation of waste to its final It is directly proportional to the level of economic de- disposal. -
Obstacles Impeding the Regional Integration of the Kvemo Kartli Region of Georgia
Obstacles Impeding the Regional Integration of the Kvemo Kartli Region of Georgia Jonathan Wheatley ECMI Working Paper #23 February 2005 EUROPEAN CENTRE FOR MINORITY ISSUES (ECMI) Schiffbruecke 12 (Kompagnietor) D-24939 Flensburg ( +49-(0)461-14 14 9-0 fax +49-(0)461-14 14 9-19 e-mail: [email protected] Internet: http://www.ecmi.de ECMI Working Paper #23 European Centre for Minority Issues (ECMI) Director: Marc Weller © Copyright 2005 by the European Centre for Minority Issues (ECMI) Published in February 2005 by the European Centre for Minority Issues (ECMI) 2 Table of Contents I. Introduction.............................................................................4 II. Background Information........................................................5 Geographical Features and Ethnic Demography......................................................................5 Economy and Infrastructure....................................................................................................7 Local Structures of Administration........................................................................................10 III. Recent Historical Events.....................................................13 IV Actors in the Local Arena....................................................18 The Local Authorities...........................................................................................................18 Ethnic Balance in the Recruitment of Personnel....................................................................19 Political Parties.....................................................................................................................21 -
Judicial Independence and Legal Empowerment Project Ca # Aid-114-A-10-00008 Quarterly Report January 1, 2011
JUDICIAL INDEPENDENCE AND LEGAL EMPOWERMENT PROJECT CA # AID-114-A-10-00008 QUARTERLY REPORT JANUARY 1, 2011 – MARCH 31, 2011 1 JUDICIAL INDEPENDENCE AND LEGAL EMPOWERMENT PROJECT QUARTERLY REPORT JANUARY 1, 2011 – MARCH 31, 2011 Prepared under the USAID’s Judicial Independence and Legal Empowerment Project in Georgia, Cooperative Agreement Number AID-114-A-10-0008 Period of Performance: September 24, 2010 – September 24, 2014 Submitted to: USAID/Georgia on May 2, 2011 Implementer East-West Management Institute, Inc. Responsible Parties: Herbert D. Bowman, Chief of Party, Tbilisi, [email protected] Mark Dietrich, Project Director, Washington, D.C. [email protected] Disclaimer This report is made possible by the support of the American People through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). The contents of this report are the sole responsibility of East-West Management Institute, Inc. and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government. 2 BACKGROUND On September 24, 2010, the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) awarded Cooperative Agreement No. AID-114-A-10-00008, the Judicial Independence and Legal Empowerment Project (JILEP), to the East-West Management Institute (EWMI). JILEP is designed to support and strengthen the judiciary as an independent yet equal branch of government, and to improve Georgia’s commercial law system. This four year program will work to improve the process by which judges are appointed, trained and disciplined to increase their independence and professionalism. JILEP will also further strengthen the state free legal aid system and the legal NGO community, and increase public understanding of the role of the judiciary. -
Business Connections of Mps, Incompatible Activities and Undeclared Assets
BUSINESS CONNECTIONS OF MPS, INCOMPATIBLE ACTIVITIES AND UNDECLARED ASSETS TBILISI, 2017 BUSINESS CONNECTIONS OF MPS, INCOMPATIBLE ACTIVITIES AND UNDECLARED ASSETS Transparency International Georgia periodically publishes reports about the activities of the Georgian Parlia- ment, which includes information about the business connections and undeclared entrepreneurial activities of the Members of Parliament (MPs). Undeclared business assets and incompatible activities of MPs were also a problem in the previous (8th) Parliament of Georgia.1 Below we present information about the business connections,2 and undeclared assets and entrepreneurial activities of the members of the current (9th) Parliament of Georgia. The report is based on asset declarations3 filed by MPs and the business and real estate registry databases available on the Public Registry website, as well as information received from the Parliament.4 According to this data: • 51 MPs have business connections and hold various company shares • 16 MPs have undeclared business assets • MPs with the largest business ownership portfolio are: Ivliane Tsulaia “The Georgian Dream” (31 companies), Nino Tsilosani “The Georgian Dream” (13 companies Kakhaber Okriashvili “The Georgian Dream for Development of Regions” (13 companies) • MPs with the highest annual income from entrepreneurial activities are: Kakhaber Okriashvili (“The Georgian Dream for Development of Regions”) – GEL 17,429,052.00 Grigol Mikeladze (“The Georgian Dream”) GEL 1,185,000.00 Elguja Gotsiridze (“The Georgian Dream - -
ECMI Kvemo Kartli 14Jan JH Proof
www.ssoar.info Obstacles impeding the regional integration of the Kvemo Kartli region of Georgia Wheatley, Jonathan Arbeitspapier / working paper Empfohlene Zitierung / Suggested Citation: Wheatley, J. (2005). Obstacles impeding the regional integration of the Kvemo Kartli region of Georgia. (ECMI Working Paper, 23). Flensburg: European Centre for Minority Issues (ECMI). https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0168- ssoar-63120 Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Dieser Text wird unter einer Deposit-Lizenz (Keine This document is made available under Deposit Licence (No Weiterverbreitung - keine Bearbeitung) zur Verfügung gestellt. Redistribution - no modifications). We grant a non-exclusive, non- Gewährt wird ein nicht exklusives, nicht übertragbares, transferable, individual and limited right to using this document. persönliches und beschränktes Recht auf Nutzung dieses This document is solely intended for your personal, non- Dokuments. Dieses Dokument ist ausschließlich für commercial use. All of the copies of this documents must retain den persönlichen, nicht-kommerziellen Gebrauch bestimmt. all copyright information and other information regarding legal Auf sämtlichen Kopien dieses Dokuments müssen alle protection. You are not allowed to alter this document in any Urheberrechtshinweise und sonstigen Hinweise auf gesetzlichen way, to copy it for public or commercial purposes, to exhibit the Schutz beibehalten werden. Sie dürfen dieses Dokument document in public, to perform, distribute or otherwise use the nicht in irgendeiner Weise abändern, noch dürfen Sie document in public. dieses Dokument für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke By using this particular document, you accept the above-stated vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, aufführen, vertreiben oder conditions of use. anderweitig nutzen. Mit der Verwendung dieses Dokuments erkennen Sie die Nutzungsbedingungen an. -
Vademecum Georgien.Indd
Vademecum Georgia Vademecum GeorGia Federal Foundation For the study oF communist dictatorship as defined by federal law, the Federal Foundation for the reappraisal of the sed dictatorship promotes a comprehensive reappraisal of the causes, history, and impact of the dictatorship in the soviet zone of occupation in east Germany and the former Gdr. the Foundation also supports the process of German unity, as well as the reappraisal of communist dictatorships in international contexts. since its creation in 1998 by Germany’s Federal parliament, the Foundation has awarded over 33 million euros to more than 2,400 historical- political projects carried out by educational agencies; these include initiatives to create or maintain archives, mount exhibitions, complete publications or documentary films, as well as to support special programs initiated by victims of the sed dictatorship. the Vademecum series aims to promote international cooperation for the reappraisal of dictatorships. on the webpage www.stiftung-aufarbeitung.de, it is possible to consult and download a free pdf copy of the vademecum concerning countries such as poland, hungary, czech republic, slovakia, ukraine, Bulgaria, romania and the uK, as well as geographical areas such as scandinavia. Federal Foundation for the study of communist dictatorship Kronenstraße 5 D-10177 Berlin Germany Tel.: 0049 (0)30 23 24 72 00 Fax: 0049 (0)30 23 24 72 10 www.stiftung-aufarbeitung.de [email protected] Researchers: Irakli Khvadagiani | David Jishkariani. Translator: Tornike Khomeriki. -
Stalin-Edvard-Radzinsky.Pdf
THE FIRST IN-DEPTH BIOGRAPHY BASED ON EXPLOSIVE NEW DOCUMENTS FROM RUSSIA’S SECRET ARCHIVES EDVARD RADZINSKY TRANSLATED BY H. T. WILLETTS Preface Prologue: The Name Introduction: An Enigmatic Story ONE: SOSO: HIS LIFE AND DEATH 1.The Little Angel 2. Childhood Riddles 3. The End of Soso TWO: KOBA 4. Enigmatic Koba 5. The New Koba 6. A Grand Master’s Games 7. The Great Utopia 8. The Crisis Manager 9. The Birth of Stalin THREE: STALIN: HIS LIFE, HIS DEATH 10. The October Leaders Meet Their End: Lenin 11. The End of the October Leaders 12. The Country at Breaking Point 13. The Dreadful Year 14. The Congress of Victors 15. The Bloodbath Begins 16. “The People of My Wrath” Destroyed 17. The Fall of “The Party’s Favorite” 18. Creation of a New Country 19. Night Life 20. Tending Terror’s Sacred Flame 21. Toward the Great Dream 22. Two Leaders 23. The First Days of War Interlude: A Family in Wartime 24. Onward to Victory 25. The Leader’s Plan 26. The Return of Fear 27. The Apocalypse That Never Was 28. The Last Secret Afterword Selected Bibliography (removed) Index (removed) NOTE The dates used in this book up to February 1918 follow the old-style Julian calendar, which was in use in Russia until that month. In the nineteenth century the Julian calendar lagged twelve days behind the Gregorian calendar used in the West; in the twentieth century, the Julian calendar lagged thirteen days behind. PREFACE I have been thinking about this book all my life. -
IDP Housing Strategy and Working Plan
IDP Housing Strategy and Working Plan 2010 Government of Georgia Ministry of Refugees and Accommodation Table of Content Summary ________________________________________________________________________ 4 Introduction _____________________________________________________________________ 5 Basic statistics ________________________________________________________________________ 5 Strategic aims, Legal framework and coordination mechanisms ________________________________ 5 Implementation policies and principles ___________________________________________________ 6 Achievements from 09.2008-04.2010 _____________________________________________________ 7 Needs for Durable Housing Solutions _________________________________________________ 8 Options for Durable Housing Solution _________________________________________________ 9 Existing buildings presently used as CCs and occupied by IDPs.________________________________ 10 Existing buildings or partly finished buildings not presently used for IDP accommodation: _________ 10 New buildings _______________________________________________________________________ 10 Other options _______________________________________________________________________ 11 Monetary assistance: _________________________________________________________________ 11 Overall Strategic Plan_____________________________________________________________ 12 First phase. _________________________________________________________________________ 12 Second phase _______________________________________________________________________ -
Regionuli Ruka Arsebuli Da Samomavlo Ganvitareba
44°15'0"E 44°20'0"E 44°25'0"E 44°30'0"E 44°35'0"E 44°40'0"E 44°45'0"E 44°50'0"E 44°55'0"E 45°0'0"E 45°5'0"E 45°10'0"E 45°15'0"E 45°20'0"E 45°25'0"E 45°30'0"E navdaraanTkari formati dakveTa N proeqtis TariRi araSenda Zveli qanda PAPER SIZE CONTRACT N PROJECT N DATE saguramo axalsofeli 493700.01- 05.06.2013 - kotoraanTkari A0 493700.01 werovni 13-130.POI 15.01.2014 buriani cixisZiri LEGEND Cardaxi Sankevani pirobiTi aRniSvnebi saqadagiano gorovani WilianTkari cxvariWamia Tezami werovni kevliani magistraluri gazsadeni sxaltba da navTobsadeni xidisyuriqsani lelubani wiwamuri regionuli ruka baqo-sufsas navTobsadeni mSralxevi baqo-Tbilisi-jeihanis gazsadeni axali niCbisi Zegvi mcxeTa sasxori arsebuli da samomavlo ganviTareba rkinigza da gzebi mamkoda qvemo niCbisi 41°50'0"N gomisjvari karsani 41°50'0"N arsebuli rkinigza gldani zemo niCbisi xekorZi muxadgverdi rkinigzis ganStoeba Telovani mSenebare rkinigza saTovle sacxenisi didgori saproeqto rkinigza norio ujarma martyofi sagzao kvanZi lelobi veZisi diRomi ZiriTadi gza tabaruki wiTelubani wodoreTi leninisi xaSmi saqalaqo gza lisi qvemo lisi bevreTi saproeqto gza 41°45'0"N Txinvala patara lilo 41°45'0"N msxaldidi saproeqto xidi agaraki didi lilo patara namtvrian naosari SamTa aeroporti napilnari SamTa-I vaneTi arsebuli aeroporti moxisi SamTa-II kodiswyaro samgori varkeTili dre Rvevi saproeqto aeroporti WinWrianiarxoti Sexvetila TeTrixevhesi manglisi Tbilisi poliani wyneTi nagavsayreli didi ToneTi Rolovani axaldaba algeTi administraciuli sazRvrebi saxelmwifo sazRvari orbeTi wavkisi zirbiTi patara -
Black Sea Energy Transmission Project Non-Technical Summary
Prepared for: Ministry of Energy of the Republic of Georgia May 2009 NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF THE BLACK SEA REGIONAL TRANSMISSION PROJECT Prepared by: NonTechnical Summary: Draft Black Sea Regional Transmission Project ESIA FOREWORD This document provides a Non-Technical Summary (NTS) of the Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Report (ESIA) of the Black Sea Regional Power Transmission Project in the Republic of Georgia. The document describes in a non-technical manner the proposed project and presents major findings of the ESIA. The document provides a summary of environmental and socioeconomic conditions and of the how the project could affect the environment and people. In addition, the NTS describes what actions have to be taken to reduce the effects on the environment or people. This NTS is part of the larger package of documents, including the ESIA and the Public Consultation and Disclosure Plan (PCDP). The ESIA, PCDP and NTS will be publicly available in English and Georgian after May 10th for a 60-day public comment period. The ESIA and other documents are available on the Internet at www.minenergy.gov.ge, www.gse.com.ge, [email protected], www.cenn,org, www.rec-caucasus.org, and www.ebrd.com. The ESIA may be reviewed at the following places: • Energotrans Ltd, Ministry of Energy Building: Tbilisi, Baratashvili street No 2. • Ministry of Energy of Georgia: Tbilisi, Baratashvili street No2. • Georgian State Electrosystem, Kutaisi Branch: Kutaisi, Avtomshenebelis Street No 2a • Scientific Research Firm GAMMA Ltd: Tbilisi, Merab Alexidze Street No9. • Aarhus centre Tbilisi office: Tbilisi, 6 Gulua Street.