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Taizo Mikazuki Governor of Shiga

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Taizo Mikazuki Governor of Shiga Shiga Prefecture Agriculture is the Best Solution to Climate Change! Taizo Mikazuki Governor of Shiga May 13, 2019, Otsu City, Shiga, Japan 1 Shiga and Lake Biwa Shiga JAPAN Shiga in Japan 2 Shiga and Lake Biwa Shiga JAPAN Basic information about Lake Biwa ●Surface area: 670.25 km2 （1/6 the size of Shiga） ● Length of shore: 235 km ● Water volume: ~27.5 billion m3 ● Average depth: ~41 m ● Maximum depth: 103.58 m ● Minimum width: 1.35 km 3 Impact of Climate Change in Shiga Shiga JAPAN Trend in the average temperature: +1.3℃ in 100 years （ 16 ℃） 15.5 Annual Average 5year Moving Average 15 Long-term change 14.5 14 13.5 13 12.5 12 1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 (Year) The annual average temperature in Hikone, Shiga (1894-2018) A further rise of about 2.9℃ by the end of the century is predicted. Shiga That is the same average temperature as present-day Miyazaki. Miyazaki 4 Animal and Plant Life is Already Changing Shiga JAPAN Butterfly that lived Cherry Blossoms at further south Lake Biwa Canal Blue-green algae appeared later than usual, in late autumn (November 6, 2015) 5 Impacts on Lake Biwa Shiga JAPAN Spring to Average Dissolved from the Dissolved from the autumn atmosphere winter atmosphere Phytoplankton Meromixis Phytoplankton Dissolved (Partial mix) Photosynthesis oxygen Dissolved Holomixis Thermal layer oxygen （complete mix） Oxygen Recovery of consumption oxygen Warm winter Dissolved from the atmosphere Phytoplankton Meromixis (Partial mix) Every winter, Lake Biwa turns into a Dissolved Photosynthesis holomictic lake that has a uniform oxygen temperature and density from top to bottom. Thermal layer However, this year, the lake stayed Oxygen meromictic because of the warm winter. consumption 6 Impacts of Climate Change on Agriculture in Shiga Shiga JAPAN white immature grains cracked rice grains Deterioration in the appearance of rice due to summer heat 7 Impacts of Climate Change on Agriculture in Shiga Shiga JAPAN Destruction of vinyl greenhouses by typhoon No. 21 (September 2018) 8 Countermeasures against Climate Change Shiga Agriculture, Forestry Water Environment JAPAN and Fisheries and Water Resources Natural Ecosystem Decrease in quality Water shortage Water quality Changes in the and in yield deterioration habitat of plants and animals Natural Disasters Civil Life and Economy, Trade Landslides Environment and Industry Flooding Impacts on infrastructures Impacts on the distribution Health and on tourism and production equipment TheSource Shiga：A-PLAT, government NIES（Edited） is taking measures to mitigate climate change Heatstroke and adapt to it. Risk of Shiga established its Center for Climate Change Adaptation in dengue fever January 2019. It was the second in Japan. 9 Adapting agriculture to climate change in Shiga Shiga JAPAN Shiga’s environmentally- conscious agriculture area is the largest in Japan. The new rice cultivar, Mizukagami, is tolerant to high temperatures 10 11 Mitigating Climate Change’s Effects on Agriculture Shiga JAPAN Lotus Shiga’sShiga’s environmentally efforts in - consciousenvironmentally agriculture- area consciousis the largest agriculture in Japan. are No.1 in Japan! Hairy vetch Environmentally-conscious agriculture in Shiga (planting cover crops) 12 Mitigating Climate Change’s Effects on Agriculture Shiga JAPAN 溝切り作業 Shiga’s environmentally- conscious agriculture area is the largest in Japan. Environmentally-conscious agriculture in Shiga (extending the duration of the midsummer drainage on paddy fields) 13 Environmentally-Conscious Agriculture in Shiga Shiga JAPAN Adapting to climate change Reducing Maintaining greenhouse gases sustainable food through production “mitigations” 14 Mitigating Climate Change’s Effects on Agriculture Shiga JAPAN Techniques to reduce greenhouse gases in tea fields 15 The Lake Biwa System interweaves fisheries and agriculture, nurtured by the forests, villages, and the Lake Shiga JAPAN 16 Shiga Prefecture Agriculture is Shiga a Solution to Climate Change! JAPAN Developing environmentally-conscious agriculture and the Lake Biwa System and connecting them to the next generation 17 18 Shiga JAPAN ご清聴ありがとうございました。 Thank you for your attention. 19.
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