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Lives. with an English Translation by Bernadotte Perrin

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Lives. with an English Translation by Bernadotte Perrin THE LOEB CLASSICAL LIBRARY TTO" EDITED BY E. E. Litt.D. W. H. D. Litt.D. CAPPS, Ph.D , LL.D. T. PAGE, ROUSE, PLUTARCH'S LIV^ES VIII PLUTARCH'S LIVES. VOLUMB I. THESEUS AND ROMULUS. lACURGUS AND NUMA. SOLON AND PUBLICOLA. VOLUMK II. THEMISTOCLES AND OAMILLU& ARISTIDES AND CATO MAJOR CIMON AND LUCULLUS. YOLUMB III. PERICLES AND FABIUS MAXIMU8. MCI AS AND CRASSUS. VOLCMB IV. Al.CIHIADES AND COBI0LANU& LVSANDKR AND SULLA. Voi.fXK V. aqb8IIj»lUS and POMPEY. pel0pida9 and marcellus. VoLUMK VI. DION AND URUTUS. Tl MOLEON AND ABMILIUS PAULU8. VOLUMB VII. l.E.M<'STHENE8 AND CICERO. ALEXANDER AND CAESAR. PLUTARCH'S LIVES WITH AN ENGLISH TRANSLATION BY BERNADOTTE PERRIN IN ELEVEN VOLUMES VIII SERTORIUS AND EUMENES PHOCION AND CATO THE YOUNGER ^^!^ LONDON : WILLIAM HEINEMANN NEW YORK : G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS MCMXIX Ffl PREFATORY NOTE As in the preceding volumes of this series, agree- ment between the Sintenis (Teubner, 1873-1875) and Bekker (Tauchnitz, 1855-1857) editions of the Parallel Lives has been taken as the basis for the text. Any preference of one to the other, and any important departure from both, have been indicated. An abridged account of the manuscripts of Plutarch may be found in the Introduction to the first volume. None of the Liven presented in this volume are con- tained in the two oldest and best manuscripts—the Codex Sangermanensis (S*) and the Codex Seiten- stettensis (S), or in the excellent Paris manuscript No. 1676 (F*). Their text therefore rests principally on the Paris manuscripts Nos. 1671, 1673, and 1674 (ACD). No attempt has been made, naturally, to furnish either a diplomatic text or a full critical ap- paratus. For these, the reader must be referred to the major edition of Sintenis (Leipzig, 1S39-1846, inaccessible of 4 .voll., 8vo), or to the rather text the Lives by Lindskog and Ziegler, in the Teubner PREFATORY NOTE Library of Greek and Latin texts (Vol. IIL, Fasc. L was published in 1915). In the present edition, the reading which follows the colon in the brief critical notes is that of the Teubner Sintenis, and also, unless otherwise stated in the note, of the Tauchnitz Bekker. All the standard translations of the Lives have been carefully compared and utilized, including those of the Sertorius and Calo by Professor Long. B. PERRIN. Nkw Haven, Connbcticut, U.S.A. Ortober, 1919. CONTENTS I'AUE I'KEFATORY NOTK V ORDER OF THE PARALLEL LIVES IN THIS EDITION . viii TRADITIONAL ORDER OF THE PARALLEL LIVES ix SERTORIUS 1 EUMENES 77 COMPARISON OF SERTORIUS AND EUMENES 137 PHOCION 143 CATO THE YOUNGER 235 DICTIONARY OF PROPER NAMES 413 ORDER OF THE PARALLEL LIVES IN THIS EDITION IN THE CHRONOLOGICAL SEQUENCE OF THE GREKK LIVES. Volume I. Volume VI. (22) Dion and Brutus. (1) Theseus and Romulus. Comparison. Comparison. (7) Timoleon and Aemilius (2) Lycurgus and Numa. Paul us. Comparison. Comparison. (3) Solon and Publicola. Comparison. Volume VII. Demosthenes and Cicero. Volume IL (20) Comparison. Alexander and Julius (4) Themistocles and (17) Camillus. Caesar. the (9) Aristides and Cato Volume VIII. Elder. (15) Sertorius and Eumenes. Comparison. Comparison. Cimon and LucuUus. < (13) (18) Phocion and Cato the Comparison. Younger. VOLUMK III. Volume IX. Pericles and Fabius Max- (5) (21) Demetrius and Antony. imiis. Comparison. Comparison. (11) Pyrrhus andCaiusMariu.-> (14) Niciaa and Crassus. Comparison. Volume X. and VoLUMK IV. (19) Agis and Cleomenes, Tiberius and Caius Alcibiades and Coriola- (6) Gracchus. nus. Comparison. Comparison. and Flam Sander and Sulla. (10) Philopoemen (12) Ly ininus. Comparison. Comparison. Volume V. Volume XI. (24) Aratus. (16) Agesilaiis and Pompey. Artaxerxes. Comparison. (23) Marcellus. (25) Galha. (8) Pelopidas and Otho. Comparison. (26) THE TRADITIONAL ORDER OF THE PARALLEL LIVES. (1) Theseus and Romulus. (2) Lycurgus and Numa. (3) Solon and Publicola. (4) Themistocles and Camillus. (5) Pericles and Fabius Maximus. (6) Alcibiades and Coriolanus. (7) Timoleon and Aemilius Paulus. (8) Pelopidas and Marcellus. (9) Aristides and Cato the Elder. (10) Philopoemen and Flamininus. (11) Pyrrhus and Caius Marius. (12) Lysander and Sulla. (l.S) Cimon and Lucullus. (14) Nicias and Crassus. (15) Sertorius and Eumenes. (16) Agesilaiis and Pompey. (17) Alexander and Julius Caesar. (18) Phocion and Calo tlie Younger. (19) Agis and Cleonienes, and Tiberius and Caius Gracchus. (20) Demosthenes and Cicero. (21) Demetrius and Antony. (22) Dion and Brutus. (23) Artaxerxes. (24) AratuR. (25) Galba. (26) Otho. SERTORIUS 2EPT12PI02 I. (dav/xaarov fiev Xaw^ ovk ecrriv, ev dneiptp i Tft) eiri, 'X^povQ) T?/? TVXV^ aWore aWw? peovarj^, a. i ravra (rvfiTTTcofiara 7ro\Xa/ft<» KaTa(f)ep€cr6ai to { avTo/jLaTov. eXre yap ovk eart tcjp viroKeifievoyv oipiaftevov to ttXtJ^o?, d<f>6ovov ep^et t?)? tcoi/ uTTOTeXovfievcov ofioiorijro^ ')(opri'yov ?; Ty;^?; t^v rrj^ v\ys eviropiav, eiT l/c rwcov d>pi<Tfieuo}v dpi6/jia) <TVfi7rX€K€Tai tu Trpdy/xara, TroXXa/ct? dvayKT} TavTCL yiveaOai Bed tmv avriov irepaivo- 2 fi€va. iirel 8' dya'7ro)i'T€<; evioi rd roiavra avvd- yovcnv laTopla Kal dKofj tmv Kara rvxrjv yeyovo- Ttav oaa Xoyicrfiov fcal irpovoia'i epyoi<; eoiKCV, olov OTi Svelv "ArTecov yevofievwi' i/x<pai'(ov, rov fiev ^vpov, Tov Be WpKdBo<;, €KdT€po<i vtto av6<; aTTcoXeTO, Bvelp Be ^AKTaicovcov, 6 fiev inro rav Kvvoiv, o 8' VTTO T(ov ipacTTOiv BtecnrdaOi], Bvelv Be ^Kijirioovcov, v<f>^ ov /xev ei>ifC7^d))aav }\.ap^r]B6vioi Be TrpoTcpov, v(f)^ ov vcrrepov dpBrjv dvTjpeOijaav, 3 edXo) Be to "iXtoi' v<f 'HpaK\eov<; Bid rd<: Aaofie- Bovro<: iTTTTOvi Kal viro Wyap,€fjivovo^ Bid tov Bovpeiov irpocrayopevdevTo^ Ilttttov, rpirov 8' viro * The story of a Lydian Attis who was killed by a wild boar is tohl by Pausanias, vii. 17, 5; that of the Arcadian Attis is unknown. ^ The Actacon. son of Aristaeus, who saw Artemis bathing, SERTORIUS I. It is perhaps not to be wondered at, since fortune is ever changing her course and time is infinite, that the same incidents should occur many times, spontaneously. For, if the multitude of elements is unlimited, fortune has in the abundance of her material an of coincidences ample provider ; and if, on the other hand, there is a limited nuxnber of elements from which events are interwoven, the same things must happen many times, being brought to pass by the same agencies. Now, there are some who delight to collect, from reading and hearsay, such accidental happenings as look like works of calculation and forethought. They note, for example, that there were two celebrated persons called Attis, one a Syrian,^ the other an Arcadian, and that both were killed a wild boar that by ; there were two Actaeons, one of whom was torn in pieces by his dogs, the other his lovers '^ that by ; there were two Scipios, by one of whom the Carthaginians were conquered in an earlier war, and by the other, in a later war, were root and branch that Ilium taken destroyed ; was by Heracles on account of the horses of Laomedon, by Agamemnon by means of what is called the wooden was changed by the goddess into a stag and devoured by his own dogs. An Actaeon, son of Melissus, was beloved by Arehiasof Corinth, who sought to take him away bj' violence. The friends of Actaeon resisted, and in the struggle Actaeon was torn to death (Plutarch, Morals, p. 772). 3 B 2 PLUTARCH'S LIVES ^apiSj'jfiov, Ttti? TTvXai^ Xttttov rivo<i e/jurea-ovTO^ aTTOKXeiaai rS)v 'iXtetyy Ta')(y jj-rj hwqdivTiov, Bvelv Be ojjLwvvfJidiv rotf evcdheaTdroi^i <f>uTOi<i tto- Xeav, "lov KoX ^^vpvri<;, rov noiyjTrjv "Ofirjpov ev 4 ^ fiev <yeveadai Xeyovcriv, iv ^ Be tiTTodavelv, <^€pe Koi TOVTO npocrOcofiev avTOt^, oti kuI tS}v arpa- Trjywv 01 TToXe/jLiKcoTaTOi koI irXelara h6\a> Karep- yaadfi€voi fiera BeivoTTjTO^: iT€p6<j>6aXfjLOi, jeyo- vaat, ^i\c7nro<;, WvTLyovoi;, 'Ai/j/tySa? /cat irepl 01) ToSe TO avyypajjL/jLa ^epTcopco^;, 6v ^iXlttttou fiev av Tt<? diroipaivoiTo aaxppovearepov Trepl ra? yvvaiKWi, ^AvTiyovov Se TricnoTepov irepl (plXovf;, 5 ^AvvL^ov 8e r]pep(t)Tepov Trp6<; TroXe/xiof?, XetTrd- arvvecrei fievov 8e p,ev ovSevo^ tovtodv, tu'^^t} Be irdvTdiv, y iroXv tS)v ifi^avSiv iroXefiicov %aX€- TToyTepa irepX Trdvra )(pT}(Tdfi€vo<; eiravia-oyaev kavrov ifiireipia fiev ttj MereWof , ruXfir} Be rff Uofiinyiov, TV')(r] Be rf) Si^XXa, BvvdfMei Be ttj 'Pa)fiai(ov, (f>vyd<i xal ^ap^dpoov e-rrrjXv'i ap-)(a)v dvrna^dp.evo<i. 6 TouTft) Bi) /xdXiara t(ov 'EXXijueov top Kap- Biavov ofioiovfiev l^vpAvrj' dp^orepoi. yap dp^iKol Koi avv B6X(p TToXefiLKoi, /cat tt}? p,ev avTojv d'iro^eva)devTe<i, 'jyTjadfievoi S' uXXoBairMv, tvxV Be ')(^priad[X€voi ^laiat koX uBlkm irepX rr^v reXev- Trjv eTTi^ovXevdevTef yap dfM<f)6r€poi, p.ed^ a)v Tov<; iroXefiiov'i eviKutv, vtto tovtcov dvTjpedrjcrav. II. KoiW&) Sepraypiq) yevof; tjp ovk dcij/xoTa- TOP €p TTuXet Nova<Toi<i Trj<; Xa^iptop- Tpa<fiel<i Be SERTORIUS horse, and a third time by Charidemus, because a horse fell in the gateway and prevented the Ilians from the that there are closing gate quickly enough ; two cities which have the same name as the most fragrant plants, los and Smyrna,^ in one of which the poet Homer is said to have been born, and in the other to have died. I will therefore make this addition to their collection. The most warlike of generals, and those who achieved most by a mixture of craft and ability, have been one-eyed men,— Philip, Antigonus, Hannibal, and the subject of this Sertorius of one that Life, ; whom might say he was more continent with women than Philip, more faithful to his friends than Antigonus, more merciful towards his enemies than Hannibal, and inferior to none of them in understanding, though in fortune to them all.
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