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September/December 1991 Vol. XVI Nos. 9-12 = E^^ U.S. Department of the Interior Technical Bulletin Fish and Wildlife Service Status of Endangered Species Recovery Program is Detailed in Report to Congress The California condor (Gymnogyps and animals that were listed federally as is no longer any possibility of finding califomianus), southern sea otter (Enhydra Endangered or Threatened as of October survivors in the wild. lutris nereis), Lee pincushion cactus 1, 1990. According to the report, 38 The report shows that the majority of (Coryphantha sneedii var. leei), and percent of these listed species are still de- species considered improving are mam- Devil's Hole pupfish (Cyprinodon clining, while the exact status of about 19 mals, birds, or plants; bird and fish spe- diabolis) are among the 41 percent of our percent is unknown. cies are reported as most stable. Inverte- nations Endangered and Threatened spe- About two percent of the plants and brates, including snails, clams, insects, cies whose populations are now stable or animals listed are believed to be extinct. and crustaceans, are most prevalent increasing, according to a report to Con- Determining whether or not a species is among the species whose status is un- gress recently released by the Fish and extinct can be difficult, and most in that known. Freshwater mussels comprise 75 Wildlife Service. category were probably extinct before percent of the invertebrates known to be The report, "Endangered and Threat- passage of the Endangered Species Act. declining. ened Species Recovery Program," sum- Such species are proposed for removal (continued on page 9) marizes the status of the 581 U.S. plants from the list when scientists believe there History on the Wing: California Condors Restored to Home Skies Ann Haas Following their October airlift: to a temporary cliffside residence, an achieve- ment that the Los Angeles Times termed "a momentous step toward the revival of an endangered species," two captive-bred California condors (Gymnogyps califor- nianus) were released on January 14 to the "rugged wilderness of Ventura County to reclaim their prehistoric heri- tage." The pair, Xewe, a 9-month-old female "How much longer?" young California condors Xewe and Chocuyens seemed to ask from inside the netted patio of their cliffside residence before their release January 14 less than hatched at the Los Angeles Zoo, and 100 miles from Los Angeles. The two Andean condor companions also shown here will be Chocuyens, an 8-month-old male recaptured prior to the next California condor release and sent to Colombia, South America, where they are native. (continued on page 15) 1 ENDANGERED SPECIES TECHNICAL BULLETIN Vol. XVI Nos. 9-12 (1991) (Service) and Reclamation have devel- oped "reasonable and prudent alterna- tives" which, if carried out, would relieve the jeopardizing situadon. In order to protect the shortnose sucker (Chasmistes brevirostris) and the Lost River sucker (Deltistes luxatus). Reclamation has agreed to manage lake levels in recogni- tion of the biological needs of the species, aerate Clear Lake to ensure adequate dis- solved oxygen and open water during the winter, monitor water quality, and make structural changes to ensure enhanced survival and reproduction capabilities. As Regional endangered species special- resulting in a "jeopardy" Biological Opin- a result of implementing these alterna- ists have reported the following news: ion to two Endangered fish species from tives, there will be no current reduction Region 1 - After a consultation under the Bureau of Reclamation's Klamath of irrigation flows from Upper Klamath Section 7 of the Endangered Species Act, Project, the Fish and Wildlife Service or Clear Lake. Both agencies expressed appreciation U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Region 3, Federal BIdg., Fort Snelling, Twin to water users in the Klamath Basin for Washington, D.C. 20240 Cities, MN 55111 (612-725-3500); James the cooperation demonstrated through John Turner, Director C. Gritman, Regional Director: John Blanken- ship. Assistant Regional Director: Cra\g John- (202-208-4717) voluntary water conservation. These ini- son , Endangered Species Specialist Ralph O. Morgenweck tiatives made a difference in the formula- Assistant Director for Fish Region 4, Richard B. Russell Federal BIdg., 75 tion of reasonable and prudent alterna- and Wildlife Enhancement Spring Street, S.W., Atlanta, GA 30303 (404- tives for protecting the fish species. (202-208-4646) 331-3580); James W. Pulliam, Regional Di- Larry R. Shannon, Chief, rector: Tom Olds, Assistant Regional Direc- * * * Division of Endangered Species tor: David Flemming, Endangered Species The Oregon Military Department has (703-358-2171) Specialist William E. Knapp, Chief, obtained funds to monitor the Oregon Division of Habitat Conservation Region 5, One Gateway Center, Suite 700, silverspot butterfly (Speyeria zerene (703-358-2161) Newton Corner, MA 02158 (617-965-5100); Marshall P. Jones, Chief, Ronald E. Lambertson, Regional Director: hippolyta) and its habitat on Camp Rilea Office of f^anagement Authority Ralph Pisapia, Assistant Regional Director: from 1991 to 1993 and to develop a (703-358-2093) Paul Nickerson, Endangered Species Spe- John J. Doggett, Chief, cialist. management plan for this Threatened in- Division of Law Enforcement sect on the base. One sighting has al- (703-358-1949) Region 6, P.O. Box 25486, Denver Federal ready been reported, confirming the con- TECHNICAL BULLETIN Center; Denver, CO 80225 (303-236-7920); Michael Bender, Editor Galen Buterbaugh, Regional Director: Rob- tinued presence of the Clatsop Plain Ann Haas, Assistant Editor ert E. Jacobsen, Assistant Regional Director; population for 1991. The project is be- Larry Shanks, Endangered Species Special- (703-358-2166) ing accomplished under contract with Regional Offices ist. Region 1, Eastside Federal Complex, 911 Dr. Paul Hammond, who has been in- Region 7, 1011 E. Tudor Rd., Anchorage, AK N.S.I 1th Avenue, Portland, OR 97232-4181 volved in a significant amount of work (503-231-6118); Marvin Plenert, Region- 99503 (907-786-3542); Walter O. Stieglitz, Rowan Gould, alDirector; Dale Hall, Assistant Regional Regional Director; Assistant for the species. Regional Director; Ron Garrett, Endangered Director; Bob Ruesink, Endangered Species * * * Species Specialist Specialist Staff biologists from the Fish and Region 8, (FWS Research and Development Wildlife Services Sacramento, California, Region 2, P.O. Box 1306, Albuquerque, NM nationwide), Washington, D.C. 20240; John 87103 (505-766-2321); Michael J. Spear, D. Buffington, Regional Director; Al Sherk, Field Office met with the Bureau of Rec- Regional Director, James A. Young, Assist- Endangered Species Specialist (703-358- lamation, the National Marine Fisheries ant Regional Director: Jamie Rappaport 1710). Clark, Endangered Species Specialist. Service, and the California Department U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Regions of Fish and Game to assist Reclamation Region 1: California, Hawaii. Idaiio, Nevada, Oregon. Washington, American Samoa, Commonwealtli of the Northern Mariana in modifying a Central Valley Project to Islands, Guam, and the Pacific Trust Territories, Region 2: Arizona, New Mexico, OI<lahoma. and Texas. Region 3: iiiinois, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Ohio, and Wisconsin. Region 4: Alabama, Arl<ansas, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, protect the estimated winter run of 191 Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Puerto Rico andthe U.S. Virgin Islands. Region 5: Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Maine, Maryland. Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Yorli, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshaw- Vermont, Virginia, and West Virginia. Region 6: Colorado, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota, Utah, and ytscha) in the upper Sacramento River. Wyoming. Region 7: Alaska. Region 8: Research and Development nationwide. Region 9: Washington, D.C., Office. Reclamation will maintain 56.5° F (13.6° Published on recyclable paper with at least 50% recycled wastepaper content. If you do not keep back issues, please recycle the paper, pass them along to an C) at the mouth of Cottonwood Creek o interested person, or donate them to a local school or library. (continued on next page) 2 ENDANGERED SPECIES TECHNICAL BULLETIN Vol. XVI Nos. 9-12 (1991) Regional News at least 400,000 acres (161,880 ha) of (continued from previous page) conserved desert tortoise habitat in outly- through mid-August, 58.5° F (14.7° C) ing areas of Clark County. Developers Notice in late August, and 59° F (15° C) in Sep- will pay the County a fee of $550 per We regret that, due to a staffing short- tember. Because the winter-run chinook acre to fiand the mitigation program and age, production of the Endangered spawned earlier and farther upstream "tortoise management areas." Elected of- Species Technical Bulletin has been ex- than usual, this objective should provide ficials applauded the plan for conserving periencing delays. Your patience while successful incubation and rearing condi- desert tortoise habitat and enabling eco- we deal with this difficult situation is tions for winter-run salmon eggs and fry nomic development in Las Vegas Valley. appreciated. in the upper Sacramento River. The Nature Conservancy (TNC) plans * * * to buy 5 or 6 ranches from willing sellers With representatives from other af- in southern Nevada and transfer the system. Jim Moore added, "These are fected agencies, biologists
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