A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE PHILOSOPHICAL WRITINGS OF RICHARD TAYLOR

1950

'Comments on a Mechanistic Conception of Purposefulness', of Science 17. Reprinted in Purpose in Nature, ed. by J. V. Canfield (Englewood Cliffs, N.J., 1966) and in Modem Systems Research for the Behavioral Scientist, ed. by Walter Buckley (Chicago, 1968) and in Philosophy, the Cutting Edge, ed. by David Berlinski (Sherman Oaks, Calif., 1976). 'Behavior and Purpose: A Rejoinder', Philosophy of Science 17. Reprinted in Buckley, ibid.

1951

Review of A History ofAncient and Medieval Philosophy by Frederick Mayet. Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 11.

1952

'Mr Black on Temporal Paradoxes', Analysis 13. 'Negative Things', The Journal ofPhilosophy 49. 'Mr Wisdom on Temporal Paradoxes', Analysis 13. 'The Writings of C. J. -Ducasse' [a bibliography], Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 13. Review of Theory of Knowledge by A. D. Woozley. The Philosophical Review 61. Review of St. Thomas Aquinas on Aristotle's Love and Friendship by Pierre Conway. Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 12. Review of Introduction to the Philosophy of Nature by R. A. Kocourek. Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 12. Review of The Doctrine of Being in the Aristotelian Metaphysics by Joseph Owens. Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 13.

1953

'Ayer's Analysis of Negation', Philosophical Studies 4. 'A Note on Knowledge and Belief, Analysis 13. 'A Commentary on Aristotle's Ethics', Review of Metaphysics 7. Review of A Study in Memory by E. J. Furlong, The Journal of Philosophy 50.

1954

'Rejoinder to Mr Malcolm',Analysis 14. 301 302 PHILOSOPHICAL WRITINGS OF RICHARD TAYLOR

'Knowledge and Certainty', Review of Metaphysics 7. 'Disputes about Synonymy', The Philosophical Review 63.

1955

'Spatial and Temporal Analogies and the Concept of Identity', The Journal of Philosophy 52. Reprinted in Problems of Space and Time, ed. by J. J. C. Smart (New York, 1964). Review of Sovereign Reason by Ernest Nagel, U.S. Quarterly Book Review 11.

1956

'Knowing What One Knows', Analysis 16. 'The "Justification" of Memories and the Analogy of Vision', The Philosophical Review 65. 'Does it Make Sense to Suppose that All Events, Including Personal Experiences, Could Occur in Reverse?', Analysis 16.

1957

'The Problem of Future Contingencies', The Philosophical Review 66 (lead article). Reprinted in Essays in Ancient Greek Philosophy, ed. by John P. Anton (Albany, 1970). Theism by J. S. Mill. Edited and with a new introduction by R. Taylor (The Liberal Arts Press, New York).

1958

'Determinism and the Theory of Agency', in Determinism and Freedom, ed. by Sydney Hook (New York University Press, New York). 'On Seeing Double', The Philosophical Quarterly 8. [With Timothy Duggan]

1959

'Moving About in Time', The Philosophical Quarterly 9.

1960

'I Can', The Philosophical Review 69. Reprinted in , ed. by S. Morgenbesser and J. Walsh (Englewood Cliffs, N.J., 1962) and in Readings, in Philosophical Analysis, ed. by H. Feigl, W. Sellars, and K. Lehrer (New York, 1973) and in Introduction to Philosophy: A Contemporary Perspective, ed. by R. Hoffman and S. Gendin (Bel• mont, Calif., 1975). '?1aking Things to Have Happened', Analysis 20. [With R. M. Chisholm] 'Pure Becoming', The Australasitin Journal of Philosophy 38.

1961

'Faith', in Religious Experience and Truth, ed. by Sydney Hook (New York University PHILOSOPHICAL WRITINGS OF RICHARD TAYLOR 303

Press, New York). Reprinted in Philosophy of Religion, ed. by S. Cahn (New York, 1971). Review of The Scottish Philosophy of Common Sense by S. A. Grave. The Philosophical Review 70. The Will to Live: Selected Essays ofArthur Schopenhauer, ed. and with an introduction by R. Taylor (Doubleday and Co., New York). An Essay Concerning Human Understanding by John Locke, ed. and abridged by Richard Taylor. Included in The Empiricists (Doubleday and Co., New York).

1962

'Fatalism', The Philosophical Review 71. Reprinted in The Philosophy of Time, ed. by R. Gale (New York, 1967). 'Fatalism and Ability',Analysis 23. Review of Rationalism in Greek Philosophy by George Boas. Brown Alumni Monthly 62

1963

Metaphysics (Prentice Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, N.J.), pp. 85-94, reprinted as 'God' in Introduction to Philosophy: A Contemporary Perspective, ed. by Robert Hoffman and Sidney Gendin (Belmont, Calif., 1975), and as 'A Reformulation of the Argu• ment From Contingency', in God, Man and Religion, ed. by Keith E. Yandell (New York, 1973), and as 'The Cosmological Argument', in The Problem of Philosophy, ed. by C. F. Delaney, Gary Gutting, Michael J. Loux and Harold Moore (Notre Dame, Indiana, 1976). Pp. 96-102 reprinted in Problems and Perspectives in the Philosophy of Religion, ed. by George O. Mavrodes and Stuart C. Hackett (Boston, 1967), and as 'A Defense of Theism', inA New Introduction to Philosophy, ed. by Steven M. Cahn (New York, 1971), and as 'A Contemporary Form of the Design Argument', in The Art of Philosophy, ed. by Fred Westphal (Englewood Cliffs, N.J., 1972). 'The Stream of Thoughts vs Mental Acts', The Philosophical Quarterly 13. 'Causation', The Monist 47. Reprinted in The Nature of Causation, ed. by M. Brand (The University of Illinois Press, Urbana). 'A Note on Fatalism', The Philosophical Review 72. Articles LEWIS, CLARENCE IRVING and ROYCE, JOSIAH in the Encyclopedilz International (The Grolier Co., New York).

1964

'Deliberation and Foreknowledge', American Philosophical Quarterly 1. Reprinted in Free Will and Determinism, ed. by B. Berofsky (New York, 1966) and in Manage• ment: A Decision Making Approach, ed. by S. Young (Belmont, Calif., 1968) and in Introduction to Moral Philosophy, ed. by P. Davis (Columbus, 1972). 'Can a Cause Precede its Effect?', The Monist 48. 'Not Trying to do the Impossible', The Australasian Journal ofPhilosophy 42. 'Fatalistic Arguments: Comment', The Journal ofPhilosophy 61. 'Arthur Schopenhauer', in A Critical History of , ed. by D. J. O'Connor (Collier-Macmillan, Ltd., London). 304 PHILOSOPHICAL WRITINGS OF RICHARD TAYLOR

'Justice and the Common Good', in Law and Philosophy, ed. by S. Hook (New York University Press, New York). Review of Schopenhauer by Patrick Gardiner, The Journal ofPhilosophy 61.

1965

'Time, Truth, and Modalities',Mind 74 [with Keith Lehrer]. 'Time, Truth, and Ability' ,Analysis 25 [with Steven Cahn, under the pseudonym Diodorus Cronus]. Introduction to The Ontological Argument, ed. by Alvin Plantinga (Doubleday and Co., New York). Introduction to The Basis of Morality by A. Schopenhauer, translated by E. F. J. Payne (The Bobbs-Merrill Co., New York). Metafisica, Spanish translation of Metaphysics, by Carlos Gerhard (Union Tipografica Editorial Hispano-Americano, Mexico City). Metafysica, Dutch translation of Metaphysics, by A. M. Offermans-van Galen (Prisma Boeken, Utrecht). 1966

Action and Purpose (Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, N.J.). Pp. 57-72 reprinted as 'Simple Action and Volition', in The Nature of Human Action, ed. by Myles Brand (Glenview, Ill., 1970). Pp. 35-39 reprinted as 'The Metaphysics of Causation', in Causation and Conditionals, ed. by Ernest Sosa (Oxford, 1975). Action and Purpose has been reprinted by Humanities Press (New York, 1974). 'Prevention, Postvention, and the Will', in Freedom and Determinism, ed. by Keith Lehrer (Random House, New York). 1967

'Shadow-Boxing Critics', Pacific Philosophy Forum 6. Articles CAUSATION, DETERMINISM, and VOLUNTARISM in The Encyclopedia ofPhilosophy, ed. by Paul Edwards (The Macmillan Co., New York and London). Review of Cause and Effect, ed. by Daniel Lerner, The Philosophical Review 76. The Will to Live: Selected Essays ofArthur Schopenhauer, ed. and with an introduction by R. Taylor (new edition) (Frederick Ungar Pub!. Co., New York).

1968

'Dare to be Wise', Review of Metaphysics 22. Reprinted in Preface to Philosophy, ed. by James A. Gould (New York, 1969) and in Teaching Philosophy Today, ed. by T. W. Bynum and Sydney Reisberg (Bowling Green, Ohio, 1978). 'Law and Morality', New York University Law Review 43. Japanese translation of Metaphysics, Tokyo.

1969

'How to Bury the Mind-Body Problem', American Philosophical Quarterly 6. Reprinted PHILOSOPHICAL WRITINGS OF RICHARD TAYLOR 305

in Exploring Philosophy, ed. by Peter A. French (Cambridge, Mass., 1970) and in Philosophy and Contemporary Issues, ed. by John R. Burr and Milton Goldinger (New York, 1976). 'Deliberation and Freedom', Southern Journal of Philosophy 6. 'The Anatta Doctrine of Personal Identity', Philosophy East and West 19. 'Thought and Purpose', Inquiry 12. Reprinted in The Nature of Human Action, ed. by Myles Brand (Glenview, Ill., 1970). Metaflsica, Portugese translation of Metaphysics by Alvaro Cabral, Rio de Janeiro.

1970

Good and Evil: A New Direction (The Macmillan Co., New York). Ch. 18, 'The Meaning of Life', reprinted in Philosophical Issues, ed. by James Rachels and Frank A. Tillman (New York, 1972) and in Coming of Age in Philosophy, ed. by Roger Eastman (San Francisco, 1973) and in Ethical Issues in Death and Dying, ed. by T. L. Beauchamp and S. Perlin (Englewood Cliffs, N.J., 1978) and in Occasions for Philosophy, ed. by James C. Edwards and Douglas MacDonald (Englewood Cliffs, N.J., 1979). Pp. 229- 235 reprinted as 'Eros, or the Love of the Sexes', in Social Ethics, ed. by Thomas A. Mappes and Jane S. Zembaty (New York, 1977). 'Can There be a Science of Human Nature?', Proceedings of the International Philosophy Year 2. Reprinted in Mind, Science and History, Vol. 2 of Contemporary Philosophic Thought, ed. by Howard A. Kiefer (Albany, 1970). 'Response to Professor A. J. Ayer', Proceedings of the Center for Philosophic Exchange, Summer. Review of Action by Sir Malcolm Knox. The Philosophical Quarterly 20.

1971

'The Governance of the Kingdom of Darkness', Southern Journal of Philosophy 9 [under the pseudonym Diodorus Cronus]. Reprinted in Philosophical Explorations, ed. by Peter A. French (Morristown, N.J., 1975).

1972

'Ha'oz Leheyoth Chekem', Iyyun: Hebrew Philosophical Quarterly 22 [Hebrew transla• tion of 'Dare to Be Wise']. Preface to Motive and Intention by Roy Lawrence (Northwestern University Press, Evanston, Ill.).

1973

Freedom, Anarchy, and the Law (Prentice Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, N.J.). With Heart and Mind: A Picture (St. Martin's Press, New York). 'De Anima', American Philosophical Quarterly 10. Reprinted in Language, Metaphysics, and Death, ed. by John Donnelly (New York, 1979). 'Donnelly on Good and Evil',International Philosophical Quarterly 13. 306 PHILOSOPHICAL WRITINGS OF RICHARD TAYLOR

1974

Metaphysics, Second edition, revised and enlarged (Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, N.J.), Ch. 5, 'Freedom and Determinism', reprinted in Reason and Responsibility, 4th ed., ed. by Joel Feinberg (Encino, Calif. and Belmont, Calif., 1978). Pp. 30-37 reprinted as 'Reality Consists of Matter', in Qassic Philosophical Questions, 3rd ed., ed. by James A. Gould (Columbus, 1979). Introduction to The Fourfold Root of the Principle of Sufficient Reason by A. Schopenhauer, translated by E. F. J. Payne (The Open Court, Chicago).

1975

'A Tribute' [to R. M. Chisholm], in Analysis and Metaphysics, ed. by Keith Lehrer (D. Reidel, Dordrecht).

1976

'What Do Philosophers Know?', in Introductory Philosophy, ed. by Matthew Lipman (Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J.). 'Socratic Ethics and Justice', in Moral Philosophy, an Introduction, ed. by Jack Glickman (St. Martin's Press, New York). 'Action and Responsibility', in Action Theory, ed. by Myles Brand and Douglas Walton (D. Reidel, Dordrecht).

1977

'The Ethics of Convention and the Ethics of Nature', Philosophic Exchange 2.

1978

Introductory Readings in Metaphysics, ed. by Richard Taylor with commentary and notes (Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, N.J.). 'Persons and Bodies', American Philosophical Quarterly 15. NOTES ON CONTRIBUTORS

D. M. ARMSTRONG, B. Phil., Ph.D., is Challis Professor of Philosophy in the University of Sydney. He is the author of Berkeley's Theory of Vision, Perception and the Physical World, Bodily Sensations, A Materialist Theory of the Mind, Belief, Truth and Knowledge, Universpls, and numerous philosophical articles. MYLES BRAND, Ph.D., wrote his doctoral thesis under the supervision of Richard Taylor. He is currently Professor of Philosophy at the University of Illinois at Chi• cago Circle. He is the editor of the books The Nature of Human Action and The Nature of Causation and co-editor of Action Theory. He has published numerous articles on various topics in metaphysics. HECTOR-NERI CASTANEDA, Ph.D., is the Mahlon Powell Professor of Philosophy at Indiana University. He is at present (1980-81) the President of the Western Division of the American Philosophical Association and has held high office in many profes• sional societies. His many books include The Structure of Morality and Thinking and Doing: The Philosophical Foundations of Institutions. He is the author of over a hundred articles and reviews, and is the founding editor of Nous. RODERICK M. CHISHOLM, Ph.D., is Andrew Mellon Professor of Humanities at Brown University. He has held visiting professorships and lectureships at numerous American and foreign universities, and is a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sci• ences. He is a past president of the Eastern Division of the American Philosophical Association and of the Metaphysical Society of America, and has held high office in numerous philosophical and educational organizations. In 1967 he gave the Carus Lectures. His books include Perceiving: A Philosophical Study, Realism and the Background of Phenomenology (ed.), Theory of Knowledge, and Person and Object: A Metaphysical Study. He is the author of over a hundred articles and reviews. TIMOTHY DUGGAN, M.A., Ph.D., is Professor of Philosophy at Dartmouth College. He is the editor of 's Inquiry Into the Human Mind, and has published articles in The Philosophical Review. The American Philosophical Quarterly, Nous, The Encyclopedia of Philosophy, and Analysis and Metaphysics: Essays in Honor of Roderick M Chisholm. JOEL FEINBERG, Ph.D., is Professor of Philosophy at the . He is the author of Doing and Deserving: Essays in the Theory of Responsibility and of numerous articles on moral philosophy, political philosophy, and the philosophy of law. CARL GINET, Ph.D., is Professor of Philosophy at Cornell University. He is the author of Knowledge, Perception, and Memory and of articles in The Philosophical Review, Nous, the Canadian Journal of Philosophy, Acta Philosophica Fennica, and in K. 307 308 NOTES ON CONTRIBUTORS

Lehrer (ed.), Freedom and Determinism. (His articles include the classic 'Can the Will Be Caused?') He is a former editor of The Philosophical Review. KEITH LEHRER, M.A., Ph.D., is Professor of Philosophy at the University of Arizona. He is the author of Knowledge and of many philosophical articles, and co-author of Philosophical Problems and Arguments. He is a co-editor of Philosophical Studies. RAYMOND MARTIN, M.A., Ph.D., wrote his doctoral thesis under the supervision of Richard Taylor. He is currently Associate Professor of Philosophy at the University of Maryland, College Park. He is the author of articles in Ratio, Philosophical Studies, the American Philosophical Quarterly, Theory and Decision, Philosophical Forum, Analysis, and Theoria. RICHARD M. MARTIN, M.A., Ph.D., is Professor of Philosophy at Northwestern Univer• sity. He has held visiting professorships at several American and German universities, and is a member of the editorial boards of numerous journals. He is the author of ten books, includipg Truth and Denotation, The Notion of Analytic Truth, Intension and Decision, Logic, Language, and Metaphysics, and Belief, Existence, and Meaning. MARGERY NAYLOR, M.A., Ph.D., has taught philosophy at Wells College and Syracuse University. She is the author of 'Chisholm on the Directly Evident'. SYDNEY SHOEMAKER, Ph.D., is Professor of Philosophy at Cornell University. He is the author of the classic study of the problem of personal identity, Self-Knowledge and Self-Identity and of numerous articles on various topics in metaphysics. He is a former editor of The Philosophical Review. J. J. C. SMART, M.A., B. Phil., is Professor of Philosophy in the Research School of Social Sciences of the Australian National University and Fellow of the Australian Academy of the Humanities. He has been a visiting professor at Harvard, Princeton, and Yale. He is the editor of the collection Problems of Space and Time, and the author of Philosophy and Scientific Realism and Between Science and Philosophy, and co-author of Utilitarianism, For and Against. MARSHALL SWAIN, Ph.D., is Professor of Philosophy at the Ohio State University. He is the editor of the book Induction, Acceptance, and Rational Belief and co-editor of Essays on Knowledge and Justification. His papers have appeared in The Journal of Philosophy, Synthese, Philosophical Studies, The Australasian Journal of Philoso· phy, and the American Philosophical Quarterly. IRVING THALBERG, 1>h.D., is Professor of Philosophy at the University of Illinois at Chicago Circle. He is the author of Enigmas ofAgency and Perception, Emotion and Action: a Component Approach. He is a contributor to the Encyclopedia of Philoso• phy and to many collections, including Philosophy of Mind, Weakness of Will, Agent, Action, and Reason, Freud, and Mental Health: Philosophical Perspectives. PETER VAN INWAGEN, Ph.D., wrote his doctoral thesis under the supervision of Richard Taylor. He is currently Associate Professor of Philosophy at Syracuse Univer• sity. He is the author of articles and reviews in the American Philosophical Quarterly, Analysis, Nous, Philosophia, The Philosophical Review, Philosophical Studies, Theoria, and other journals. He is the author of a forthcoming book called Free Will. INDEX

ability 33,44, 205ff Cambridge properties, to will 208,210-11 see properties absolute spirit 240ff Camus, A. 256,259,263,264,279,280 absurd persons 263-5 causal chains 140ff, 146, 159-60 absurd predicaments 263-5, 278 causal communication 94ff absurdity 256,257-65,275,276 causal dependence 157-8, 159 Achinstein, Peter 119, 134n causal determinism Ackrill, J. 46n see determinism action, causal laws 124, 125, 126, 127, 128 and component events 39,40 causal overdetermination 43, 160 causally basic 175 causal potentialities 115,116,117,118, Adams, R. E. W. 222 119,120,124,130 addiction 255, causal powers 112, 113, 116, 122, 133 distinguished from habit 211 causality 109-133 alienation 276 distinct from Humean generalizations Andrews, E. W. iv, 229 92ff archaeology 219-35 objectivity of 86 Aristotle 17, 19, 30, 41, 46n, 209, 'piggybackness' of 91,96-8 258-9,265, 280n see also causation Asquith, Peter 152n causation 27,30,33, 137ff Austin, John 204-5 agent 155 Austin, J. L. 185n,283 backwards 27ff Ayer, A. J. 45n,46n conditions view of 168 counterfactual analysis of 155-61 Barker, S. F. 119 definition of 160 becoming 3ff direction of 160 Berger, Daniel 47n, 153n distinct events and 155-69 Bergson, Henri 12 efficient 155 Bochenski, Joseph 254n manipulability view of 168 Boyd, Richard 135n regularity view of 168 Boyle, Robert 123 simultaneous 137ff Bradley, R. D. 27, 45n, 51-5 see also causality Brand, Myles 151n, 152n, 169n causity 94-105 Brentano, F. 17-24 passim chief laws of 99-103 Broad, C. D. 4,5,9,12,60-1 conservation of 102ff dependent on properties 96ff Cahn, Stephen M. 46n, 65n is not existence 96 Cambridge events, measurement of 98-101 see events Chisholm, Roderick M. 27 ,45n,46n, 185n 309 310 INDEX

Christensen, Ferrel 14n Dummett, Michael 27, 37, 45n, 46n circularity (of analyses) 122-4 Duns Scotus 243 comedy 257 compatibility of free will and determin• Eastman, Max 258-9, 280n ism, Eddington, Sir Arthur Stanley 14n attacked 171-86 embodiment 240ff defended 187-201 energy 95,105, 107n compulsive action, see also causity distinguished from habit 212 Escher, M. C. 10 compulsive desires 178, 186n, 188-9 events 109,132, 143ff conceivability 131, 13 2 Cambridge 110,111,155,165 concentration 244ff complex 164-8 conditional power 115, 124, 125, 126, components of 162 127,129,130,134 compound 161-4,165 constant conjunction 133 constituents of 166-7 continuing processes 37 distinct 155, 158-9, 164, 167 control over events; power 27,33,196 identical 155, 158-9 see also fatalism, free will ontological priority of over event• core-cluster theory 129 statements 42 corpses 294-5 Everett, Hugh III 6 cosmic attitudes 256,276-9 existence and nonexistence, boundary cosmic optimism 256, 278 between 21-4 cosmic pessimism 256,278 explanation 219-35 'could have' statements, analysis of 187ff,203 fatalism 28,30,35,40,41,42 see also power body-of-truth, F. 42ff counterfactual conditionals, Richard Taylor's argument for, and the analysis of causation 155-61 stated 50 possible-worlds analysis of 156, refuted as question-begging 59-60 198-9 refuted as unsound 61-4 counterfactual dependence 157 see also Osmo, story of Cowgill, G. 1. 226 Fine, Kit 200n Cummins, Robert 135n Flew, Antony 45n Fraenkel, Abraham A. 242 Davidson, Donald 15n, 87n, 107n, 138, Frankfurt, Harry 189 152n, 169n free will Davis, Lawrence 135n and determinism, see compatibility Descartes, R. 290, 295 of free will and determinism determinism 29, 43, 151, 171, 176, and fatalism, see fatalism 197ff Frege, G. 130,252 see also compatibility of free Furby, Lita 200n will and determinism future, the 3ff, 28, 29,43 Dewey, J. 209-10 Diodorus Cronus 46n Gale, Richard 45n dispositional properties Garvin, Lucius 281n see properties Geach, Peter 110, 165, 169n, 286 Don Quixote 264 generation (of events), Duggan, Timothy 216n,217n augmentation 166 INDEX 311

causal 163 indexical expressions 6, 11, 15n conventional 165 inevitability 28,29,42,43,45 simple 166 irony 277-9,281 Gert, Bernard 216n, 217n Ginet, Carl 186n James, W. quoted 203, 205, 213-4, Glover, Jonathan 280n 267-8,274,281n God 41 Jefferson, Thomas 260 nature of 239ff Jeffrey, Richard 189 will of 245ff Jourdain, Philip E. B. quoted 23 Goldman, Alvin 152n, 158, 163, 164, 165,166,169n Kant, I. 13, 17, 21, 23, 81, 86, 142, good, a term of general evaluation 274 259,280n good for man 266,279 Kaplan, David 143 good, one's own 274, 276, 278 Kazepides, A. C. 215-6 Goodman, Nelson 111,121 Kessler, Glenn 135n ~ue 111,119,121,122 Kim, Jaegwon 190, 133n, 134n, 135n, Griinbaum, Adolf 13 138, 152n, 153n, 165, 168n, 169n habit 203ff Kretzmann, Norman 24n defined 209 Kripke, Saul 124,130,131 Hamilton's Principle 108n Krips, Henry 13 Harre, Rom 134n Kyburg, Henry, Jr. 152n Hart, H. L. A. 204-5 Hegel, G. W. F. 240ff, 265 Langtry, Bruce 78n Hempel, Carl G. 233n Law of Excluded Middle 32 historical studies 219-35 Lehrer, Keith 46n, 185n Hobbes, T. 208 Leibniz, G. W. 82, 107n, 108n Homer quoted 283,299 Leibnizian Universes 104ff human bodies 283-99 Lewis, David 10, 156, 168n, 169n, 299 human nature, generic and individual lincoln, Abraham 277, 280n 266-9 Locke,J. 112,290,296-7 Hume, D. 68,74,75,81-94,110,111, on identity 70-73 132, 133, 137, 139ff, 147, luck 279 152n, 168n, 204, 205, 209, Lyon, Aardon 169n 216n theses about causality of 82ff Mackie, J. L. 152n Humean necessity 84n, 106n Madden, E. H. 134n Humean generalizations 87-9,91-4 Malcolm, Norman 296 Humean universes 104ff manifestation 240ff Humphrey, Hubert 276 Margenau, Henry 107n Marx, K. 276 idealism 239ff Maya (Central American People), their identity through time 5-6,67-78 civilization 219-35 Riad, The quoted 283, 299 Maya (illusion) 24lff incompatibility of free will and deter- McCall, Storrs 6-9,14n minism, McCann,Hugh 185-6n,200n attacked 187-201 Meerbote, Rolf 153n defended 171-86 Mellor, D. H. 134n 312 INDEX

Mendelssohn, M. 17,21,23 postvention 36,37 metaphysical absurdity 36 power, having the power to make some• Mill, J. S. 267-8,281n thing the case 174ff, 203 Miller, Richard 135n preferences 189ff Mind-Brain Dualists 40 integration of 191-2 Modus Ponens for relative power neces• orders of 189-90,193-4 sity 182-4 Prior, Arthur N. 4 motion and rest, boundary between primordial valuations 245ff 18-21 properties 109-13 3, Munsat, Stanley 152n Cambridge 110,111 dispositional 112, 113 Nagel, Thomas 257,258,259,262,263, identity of 115,116, 118,120,121, 264, 277, 279, 279n, 280n, 122, 128 281n mere-Cambridge 111,112,119,121, necessary condition 30, 31, 32, 34, 35, 122, 123, 134n 40,43,45 necessity quantum mechanics 6 power 174, 176 Quine, W. V. O. 12, 14n, 53-6 natural 176, 186 Newton, I. 3 Rawls, John 281n Nidditch, P. H. 168n Reichenbach, Hans 153n 'no matter what' 28,29,43 Reid, T. 213 nonsense 284-86 Reeve, David 135n null individual 240,242 refraining 206 Rescher, Nicholas 152n, 169n objective spirit 240ff resemblance 111 Odyssey, The 299 responsibility 272 Ornstein, Robert E. 15n Rosenberg, Alexander 152n Osmo, story of 41,42,49 Rousseau, J .-J. 265 ostensive definition 289-92 Russell, Bertrand 45n, 137, 151n Ryle, Gilbert 27, 45n, 60-1, 214 paradox of moral education, the 215-6 Parker, Dewitt H. 257, 279n Salmon, Wesley 137, 151n, 153n past and future, taking same attitude Sandburg, Carl 280n toward 27, 28, 30, 40, 41 Sanders, W. T. 224,228,231 Pears, David 27, 45n Sartre, J .-P. 264,280n Pennock, J. Roland 281n Schopenhauer, A. 278,279n peripheral motion of body 38, 39, 40 Selby-Bigge, 1. A. 168n Peters, R. S. 215 self-fulfillment 255, 265-75, 276, 279 Philosophia Perennis 239 ff self-love 275 Plato 265 Sellars, Wilfred 185n Plerosis 17-8, 20 set theory 242-3 Pollock,John 168n Shakespeare, William 260 possibility 131,132 Shelley, Percy Bysshe 264-5, 280n natural 176, 177 Shoemaker, Sydney 78n, 186n, 200n power 174ff Shimkin, D. B. 229 possible worlds, simplicity 117, 118 analysis of counterfactuals 156 singular causal statements 88ff INDEX 313

Sisyphus 255, 258, 259, 260,262,264, tenseless sentences 51-5 269-70,272 Thalberg, Irving 46n, 153n Skolem, Thoralf 242 Thomas Aquinas, St. 244ff,250-1 Skyrms, Brian 14n Thomason, Richmond 168n Siote, Michael 135n Thompson, J. E. S. 225 Smart, J. J. C. 14n Thomson, Judith Jarvis 152n Sosa, Ernest 168n Total-Cluster Theory 129, 131 Stalnaker, Robert 135n, 168n true statements 41,42,43,44 Stout, G. F. 72 Sturgeon, Nicholas 134n van Inwagen, Peter 47n, 64n, 78n, Suarez, F. 25n 135n, 186n, 200n, 201n subjective spirit 240ff Vlastos, Gregory 275,281n substratum 70 volition 175 sufficient condition 30, 31, 32, 34, 35, 40,43,45 Walton, Douglas 152n Suppes, Patrick 137, 152n Wang, Hao 254n Swain, Marshall 153n, 168n, 169n Wateriow, Sarah 37,46n Whitehead, Alfred North 244,252 Taylor, Richard 3, 4, 5, 10, 27, 45,46, Wiley, G. R. 223 49, 50, 64, 65, 67, 74, 107, will 171,172,175 137ff, 151, 152, 171, 172, Williams, Bernard 280n 185n, 187, 203, 240, 260, Wittgenstein,1. 12, 118 262,269-70,279,279n Teller, Paul 153n Zermello, Ernst 242-3 temporal parts or stages 5-6, 67-78 passim PHILOSOPHICAL STUDIES SERIES IN PHILOSOPHY

Editors: , Univ. of Pittsburgh and KEITH LEHRER, Univ. of Arizona

Board of Consulting Editors: Jonathan Bennett, Alan Gibbard, Robert Stalnaker, and Robert G. Turnbull

1. JAY F. ROSENBERG, Linguistic Representation, 1974. 2. WILFRID SELLARS, Essays in Philosophy and Its History, 1974. 3. DICKINSON S. MILLER, Philosophical Analysis and Human Welfare. Selected Essays and Chapters from Six Decades. Edited with an Introduction by Lloyd D. Easton, 1975. 4. KEITH LEHRER (ed.), Analysis and Metaphysics. Essays in Honor of R. M. Chisholm. 1975. 5. CARL GINET, Knowledge, Perception, and Memory, 1975. 6. PETER H. HARE and EDWARD H. MADDEN, Causing, Perceiving and Believing. An Examination of the Philosophy of C. J. Ducasse, 1975. 7. HECTOR-NERI CASTANEDA, Thinking and Doing. The Philosophical Foundations of Institutions, 1975. 8. JOHN L. POLLOCK, Subjunctive Reasoning, 1976. 9. BRUCE AUNE, Reason and Action, 1977. 10. GEORGE SCHLESINGER, Religion and Scientific Method, 1977. 11. YIRMIAHU YOVEL (ed.), Philosophy of History and Action. Papers presented at the first Jerusalem Philosophical Encounter, December 1974, 1978. 12. JOSEPH C. PITT, The Philosophy of Wilfrid Sellars: Queries and Extensions, 1978. 13. ALVIN I. GOLDMAN and JAEGWON KIM, Values and Morals. Essays in Honor of William Frankena, Charles Stevenson, and Richard Brandt, 1978. 14. MICHAEL J. LOUX, Substance and Attribute. A Study in Ontology, 1978. 15. ERNEST SOSA (ed.), The Philosophy of Nicholas Rescher: Discussion and Replies, 1979. 16. JEFFRIE G. MURPHY, Retribution, Justice, and Therapy. Essays in the Philosophy of Law, 1979. 17. GEORGE S. PAPPAS, Justification and Knowledge: New Studies in , 1979. 18. JAMES W. CORNMAN, Skepticism, Justification, and Explanation, 1980. 19. PETER VAN INWAGEN, Time and Cause. Essays presented to Richard Taylor, 1980. 20. DONALD NUTE, Topics in Conditional Logic, 1980