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The Distillation Terms in Hieronymus Brunschwig's Liber De Arte

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The Distillation Terms in Hieronymus Brunschwig's Liber De Arte INFORMATION TO USERS This was produced from a copy of a document sent to us for microfilming. While the most advanced technological means to photograph and reproduce this document have been used, the quality is heavily dependent upon the quality of the material subm itted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help you understand markings or notations which may appear on this reproduction. 1.The sign or “target” for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is “Missing Page(s)”. If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting through an image and duplicating adjacent pages to assure you of complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a round black mark it is an indication that the film inspector noticed either blurred copy because of movement during exposure, or duplicate copy. Unless we meant to delete copyrighted materials that should not have been filmed, you will find a good image of the page in the adjacent frame. 3. When a map, drawing or chart, etc., is part of the material being photo­ graphed the photographer has followed a definite method in “sectioning” the material. It is customary to begin filming at the upper left hand corner of a large sheet and to continue from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. If necessary, sectioning is continued again—beginning below the first row and continuing on until complete. 4. For any illustrations that cannot be reproduced satisfactorily by xerography, photographic prints can be purchased at additional cost and tipped into your xerographic copy. Requests can be made to our Dissertations Customer Services Department. 5. Some pages in any document may have indistinct print. In all cases we have filmed the best available copy. University Microfilms International 31)0 N ZE F: B ROAD, ANN ARBOR, Ml 38106 18 BEDFORD ROW, LONDON WC1R 3F I, ENGLAND 7915954 BESS, REGINALD THE DISTILLATION TERMS IN HIERONYMUS BRUN5CHW IG*S “ LIBER DE ARTE DISTILLANDI. DE SIMPL1CIBUS. DAS BUCH DER RECHTEN KUNST ZU DISTILIEREN DIE E1NTZIGEN DING.“ THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY, PH.D., 1979 University M icrofilm s International 300 n . ' t m r o a d , a n n a h b o h . mi .iHioe PLEASE NOTE: In all cases this material has been filmed in the best possible way from the available copy. Problems encountered with this document have been identified here with a check mark v ' ’ . 1. Glossy photographs _ _ _ _ _ 2. Colored illustrations _ _ _ _ _ 3. Photographs with dark background _______ 4. Illustrations are poor copy _ _ _ _ _ 5. Print shows through as there is text on both sides of page _________ 6. Indistinct, broken or small print on several pages i / throughout 7. Tightly bound copy with print lost in spine ______ 8. Computer printout pages with indistinct print _ _ _ _ _ 9. Page(s) ' S ' l lacking when material received, and not available from school or author _______ 10. Page(s) __ seem to be missing in numbering only as text follows _______ 11. Poor carbon copy _________ 12. Not original copy, several pages with blurred type __________ 13. Appendix pages are poor copy _________ 14. Original copy with light type _________ 15. Curling and wrinkled pages _________ 16. Other University Micn5rilms Internationa! 300 N ZEEB RD.. ANN ARBOR. VII .18106 '3131 761-4700 THE DISTILLATION TERMS IN HIERONYMUS BRUNSCHWIG'S LIBER DE ARTE DISTILLANDI. DE SIMPLICIBUS. DAS BUCH PER RECHTEN KUNST ZU DISTILIEREN DIE EINTZIGEN DING DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University by Reginald Bess, B.S., M.A. * * * * * The Ohio State University 1979 Reading Committee: Approved By Professor Johanna Belkin Professor Harry Vredeveld Professor David Benseler Adviser Department of German ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I owe the greatest debt of gratitude to Professor Johanna S. Belkin without whose generous supply of time, effort, assistance, and information I would not have been able to complete this dissertation. I would also like to thank the other members of my committee, Professors David Benseler and Harry Vredeveld, for their assistance. Finally, I would like to thank Grambling State University for granting me a year's leave of ab se n c e . i i VITA February 27, 1945 .....................Born - Yukon, West Virginia 1966 ..................................................... NDEA Institute, University of California, Irvine, C a lifo rn ia 1967-68 ............................................... Fulbright-Hays Grant, Univer­ s ity Hamburg, Hamburg, W. Germany 1968-71 ............................................... Ohio State University Fellow, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 1 9 6 9 .................................................... M.A., The Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio 1972 - .................................................... Assistant Professor, Grambling State University, Grambling, L ouisiana FIELDS OF STUDY Major Field: Medieval Studies i i i TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGMENTS......................................................................................... l i VITA ................................................................................................................... i l l LIST OF FIGURES......................................................................................... v INTRODUCTION.............................................................................................. 1 Chapter I. HISTORY OF DISTILLATION AND BRUNSCHWIG'S LIFE AND W O R K S..................................... 8 I I . TERMS FOR S T IL L S ................................................................... 29 I I I . TERMS FOR THE STILL-HEAD.............................................. 64 IV. TERMS FOR CIRCULATORIES AND RECEPTACLES.................................................................... 95 V. OTHER TERMS FOR DISTILLATION APPARATUS................................................................................... 137 VI. CONCLUSION.................................................................................. 151 BIBLIOGRAPHY.............................................................................................. 155 i v LIST OF FIGURES F igure Page 1 . gemeyne Brennofen R b s s lin , 1533 37 6 2 . d ie gemeynen B re n n o fe lin R O sslin , 1533 38 e 3. die gemeynen brenn offlin Brunschwig, 1500 39 4. ein klein Windofelin Brunschwig, 1597 43 distillier offen Brunschwig, 1500 46 5. • 6 . ein D istillier ofen R b s s lin , 1535 48 7. ein D istillier ofen Rbsslin, 1535 49 8 . Balneum Mariae Rbsslin, 1535 56 9. Balneum Mariae Brunschwig, 1597 57 1 0 . fuler heintz Brunschwig, 1500 59 1 1 . der Faul heyntz Rbsslin, 1550 61 1 2 . ro sen h 8t Brunschwig, 1500 68 13. helm Brunschwig, 1500 71 14. glessin helm Brunschwig, 1500 72 15. brennhelm Brunschwig, 1597 75 1 6 . blinder helm Brunschwig, 1500 78 17. alem bic Brunschwig, 1500 81 1 8 . blinder helm Brunschwig, 1500 84 19. blinder helm Brunschwig, 1512 87 2 0 . blinder helm Brunschwig, 1512 88 v F igure Page 2 1 . blinder helm Brunschwig, 1512 89 2 2 . circulatorium Brunschwig, 1500 96 23. circulatorium Brunschwig, 1512 97 24. circulatorium Brunschwig, 1512 98 25. circulatorium Brunschwig, 1512 99 2 6 . circulatorium Brunschwig, 1500 100 27. pellican & storchschnabel Brunschwig, 1500 102 2 8 . amplexantes Brunschwig, 1500 106 29. zwei cucurbit Brunschwig, 1597 107 30. c u c u rb it Brunschwig, 1500 113 31. khrbsen/cucurbitae Brunschwig, 1597 115 32. c u c u rb it Brunschwig, 1512 117 33. Cucurbiten/KUrbsgleser RBsslin, 1550 118 34. u r in a l Brunschwig, 1500 124 35. v io le Brunschwig, 1500 125 36. v io l g la s Brunschwig, 1512 128 37. receptackel Brunschwig, 1512 130 38. fUrsatz glas Brunschwig, 1512 132 39. fUrsetzer glas Brunschwig, 1500 134 40. fUrsetzglas Brunschwig, 1597 134 41. k e s s e l Brunschwig, 1500 138 42. Distilllerkessel Brunschwig, 1597 140 v i F igure Fage 4 3 . cappel Brunschwig, 1500 l4l 44. cappel & kessel Brunschwig, 1597 1^4 4 5 . pfanne & cappel Brunschwig, 1500 148 v i i INTRODUCTION The recognition of the Importance of scientific "Fachsprachen to th e development of th e German language p has resulted in extensive research in recent years. Gerhard Eis who, in the 1950!s, began to Investigate the s c i e n t i f i c German language of th e Middle Ages and the Renaissance, was one of the first to recognize their Im- p o rta n c e . Georg Fenwick Jones, "English Borrowings from Me­ d ie v a l German F achsprache, F a c h llte r a tu r des M l t t e l a l t e r s : Festschrift fUr Gerhard Eis, ed. Gundolf Keil et al. (Stutt- gart: Johann B. Metzler, 1 9 6 8 ), p. 11, defines a Fach­ sprache as a technical language used by most specialists in any given activity. Archers, surfboarders, bridgeplayers and birdwatchers as well as butchers, bakers, librarians and scientists have their own professional jargons, the principal criterion being that a technical term be used by a group of specialists. 2 Adolf Bach, Geschlchte der deutschen Sprache, 19th ed. (Heidelberg: Quelle & Meyer, 1970) has discussed the importance of other technical languages, such as law and mysticism as well as the special languages of various pro­ fessions. Writing about the development of the German language from the fourteenth through the seventeenth cen­ turies Bach notes that more than ever before the Sonder- sprachen of social groups played a very important role. For detailed information
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