International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) Volume 5 Issue 3, March-April 2021 Available Online: www.ijtsrd.com e-ISSN: 2456 – 6470 Microbial Status and Identification with Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Enteric Pathogen Escherichia Coli and Vibrio Cholerae Isolated from Different Street Foods Sold in Dhaka City, Bangladesh Shanzida Sultana 1, Shamarjit Das 1, Prity Lata Chakraborty 1, Rajia Sultana 2 1Department of Microbiology, Primeasia University, Dhaka, Bangladesh 2Centre for Advanced Research in Sciences, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh ABSTRACT How to cite this paper : Shanzida Sultana | There are various benefits offered by street vended foods, but street foods are Shamarjit Das | Prity Lata Chakraborty | contaminated with many foodborne pathogens includes enteric pathogenic Rajia Sultana "Microbial Status and bacteria like Escherichia coli and Vibrio cholerae has become a potential health Identification with Antibiotic hazard problem all over the world. The aim of this study was to evaluate the Susceptibility Patterns of Enteric complete microbial status of common foodborne pathogens including enteric Pathogen Escherichia Coli and Vibrio pathogen Escherichia coli and Vibrio cholerae and identify the presence and Cholerae Isolated from Different Street find out the contamination level of Escherichia coli and Vibrio cholerae with Foods Sold in Dhaka City, Bangladesh" Antibiotic sensitivity status from different street foods in Dhaka City, Published in Bangladesh. For this assessment, 42 street food samples of 6categories were International Journal collected from 7 different areas of Dhaka city. In all food samples, Total Viable of Trend in Scientific Bacterial Count (TVBC) was Ranged from 1.3x10 7 to 8×10 7cfu/g, Total Research and Coliform Count (TCC) was Ranged from 1x10 7 to 4.5 x10 7cfu/g, Total Development (ijtsrd), Escherichia coli Count (TEC) was Ranged from 2×10 4 to 7.9x10 6cfu/g and Total ISSN: 2456-6470, Vibrio cholerae Count (TVC) was ranged from 1x10 2 to 5.3x10 6cfu/g. In Volume-5 | Issue-3, IJTSRD38759 addition, out of the 42 analyzed food samples Escherichia coli was found in 28 April 2021, pp.662- (66.67%) samples and Vibrio cholera was found in 26 (61.90%) samples. The 668, URL: isolated pathogenic Escherichia coli and Vibrio cholerae was identified by www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38759.pdf Cultural, Gram Staining, and Biochemical tests. The isolated pathogens were then tested for antibiotic sensitivity and the results revealed that isolated Copyright © 2021 by author(s) and Escherichia coli were resistant against Streptomycin (85.71%), Ceftriaxone International Journal of Trend in Scientific (100%), Erythromycin (100%), Cefixime (100%), Meropenem (100%), and Research and Development Journal. This Gentamycin (71.42%) and isolated Vibrio cholerae were resistant against is an Open Access article distributed Streptomycin (84.62%), Erythromycin (100%), Cefixime (100%), Meropenem under the terms of (100%), Amikacin (100%), and Gentamycin (57.69%) areoutrageous. The the Creative results revealed that the contamination percentage of pathogenic Escherichia Commons Attribution coli (22%) and Vibrio cholerae (23%) in Gulistanwas high than the other areas. License (CC BY 4.0) (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0) KEYWORDS : Street Foods; Total Viable Bacterial Count; Total Coliforms Count; Escherichia coli; Vibrio cholerae; Antibiogram INTRODUCTION Food is a shockingly active vehicle for the conveyance of a hazards[5]. In Bangladesh, roughly 30 million people suffer diversity of pathogens[1]. Nowadays diverse foodborne from foodborne illnesses each year of which diarrheal diseases are becoming a prominent concern connecting a diseases kill almost 2.2 million people including many wide range of illnesses caused by bacterial, viral, parasitic, or children annually[1]. Street foods could be leading vehicles chemical contamination of food. In addition, the resistance of for the transmission of severe foodborne infections and these microorganisms to multi-drugs made this deadly diseases [6]. In developing countries food vended by circumstance more of a concern to public health[2]. The street hawkers is the key source of foodborne illness due to World Health Organization (WHO) reported in the lack of appropriate sanitary conditions, hygiene practices Foodborne Disease Burden Epidemiology Reference Group and appropriate storage and mishandling[6][7]. A combined (FERG) that 31 foodborne pathogens caused 600 million study by scientists of the ICDDRB and Emory University, cases of illness leading to 420, 000 deaths globally [3]. USA, unveiled that because of unhygienic street foods, Dhaka Among foodborne diseases, Diarrhoea is one of the is at high threat of contracting enteric diseases like foremost genuine worldwide concerns [4]. Around 1.7 billion Diarrhoea, Cholera, and Typhoid. Foodborne enteric cases of child deaths caused by Diarrhoeadiseases are pathogen Escherichia coli and Vibrio cholerae were found documented yearly worldwide, and a maximum of these with a high concentration in drinking water and food items cases are attributed to contaminated food and water [4]. In of the street. [8] Escherichia coli has become recognized as a developing countries like Bangladesh, foodborne disease serious foodborne pathogen with high prevalence and outbreaks have emerged as the foremost foodborne health multidrug resistance may reason health hazards like @ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD38759 | Volume – 5 | Issue – 3 | March-April 2021 Page 662 International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470 Diarrhoea, Typhoid, and Dysentery [8][9][10]. Aliya Naheed for microbial analysis. The collected street food samples reported that as Escherichia coli is not safe in humans and if were analyzed twice. found in food, we can’t acceptmore than 20 Escherichiacoli in C. Samples Preparation of Total Viable Bacterial Count food acceptable [9]. On the other hand, Vibrio cholera (is (TVBC) and Total Coliform Count (TCC) also resistant against nearly all regularly used Each Sample (10g) was weighed and added into a sterile antibiotics[11]) has long been well-known to be blamable for Durham Bottle containing 90ml sterile Normal Saline and the life-threatening secretory Diarrhea termed as Asiatic homogenized with sterile Blender (Retsch, GM 200, cholera or epidemic cholera and foods contamination can Australia) at 3000rpm for 5-10 mins to prepare a stock also be a vital mode for cholera transmission [12]. Many solution. Each stock was serially diluted (1:10) up to 10 -5 by previous cases reported that street foods are hazardous, adding 1ml of stock solution to 9ml Normal Saline to prepare mainly for enteric bacteria like Escherichia coli and Vibrio for the Microbiological Analysis. [17][7] cholerae cause foodborne diseases considered as the major public health problem that could be life-threatening[1][8]. D. Microbiological Analysis For example, In 2015 Between October and November, To evaluate the microbial status and the contamination level, Chipotle Mexican Grill fast food had an Escherichia coli 0.1 ml aliquot from each dilution of each sample were spread outbreak trusted source. Around 55 people in 11 states on Plate Count Agar (PCA, Himedia, India) plates for Total became ill after eating at the restaurant during the Viable Bacterial Count, MacConkey Agar (MCA, HiMedia, preliminary outbreak and they admitted to 22 India) plates for Total Coliform Count, Eosin Methylene Blue hospitalizations and eventually no deaths. In a second Agar (EMB, Oxoid Ltd, Hampshire, England) plates for Total outbreak for this fast-food chain, five people became ill from Escherichia coli Count and Thiosulfate Citrate Bile Salts a different strain of Escherichia coli . There’s no confirmed Sucrose Agar (TCBS, Oxoid Ltd, Hampshire, England) plates cause for either outbreak [13]. In 1991, the first report on for Total Vibrio cholera Count by spread plate method. All the incidence of Cholera in the United States associated with agar plates were incubated at 37°C for 24 hours [17][18]. the food transported from an area with the epidemic disease After the incubation time, counts were made using a colony was made during March–April [14]. In developing countries counting device that allows the viewing of individual like Bangladesh, because of good taste, flavor and image, colonies. The colony count was recorded as colony-forming variety, attractiveness, easy availability, food value, unit per gram (CFU/g) of the food sample [18]. reasonable cost and accessibility people are interested in E. Isolation of Escherichia coli and Vibrio cholerae Street foods [15][16]. Infect in Dhaka city, about 60 lakh For enrichment, 25 g of each sample were individually added people eat street foods daily[8]. into a sterile Durham Bottle containing 225 ml of sterile Hence, this study was carried out to assess the detailed Buffered Peptone Water (BPW) (Oxoid Ltd, Hampshire, microbial status of common foodborne pathogens including England) and incubated at 37°C for 24 hours in a Shaking enteric pathogen Escherichia coli and Vibrio cholerae and Incubator (Compact, JSSI-100T, JSR KOREA) for identify the presence and find out the contamination level of homogenized. After being homogenized, 1ml of each sample Escherichia coli and Vibrio cholerae with their drug was transferred to 9 ml Phenol Red Lactose Broth and 9 ml sensitivity status from different street foods consumed