DOCSLIB.ORG

Proneomeniidae (Solenogastres, Cavibelonia) from the Bentart-2006 Expedition, with Description of a New Species

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Proneomeniidae (Solenogastres, Cavibelonia) from the Bentart-2006 Expedition, with Description of a New Species © Sociedad Española de Malacología Iberus, 27 (1): 67-78, 2009 Proneomeniidae (Solenogastres, Cavibelonia) from the Bentart-2006 Expedition, with description of a new species Proneomeniidae (Solenogastres, Cavibelonia) de la Campaña Bentart-2006, con la descripción de una nueva especie Oscar GARCÍA-ÁLVAREZ*, María ZAMARRO** and Victoriano URGORRI* Recibido el 29-X-2008. Aceptado el 16-III-2009 ABSTRACT During the Spanish oceanographic expedition for the study of Antarctic benthos, Bentart- 2006, carried out in the area of the Bellingshausen Sea and Antarctic Peninsula, seven specimens of Proneomeniidae (Solenogastres, Cavibelonia) were obtained. Proneomenia bulbosa sp. nov. is described here. A comparative table of the main specific characters of the species belonging to the genus Proneomenia is also included. New data of Dorymenia usarpi Salvini-Plawen, 1978 and Dorymenia menchuescribanae García-Álvarez, Urgorri and Salvini-Plawen, 2000 are presented here. RESUMEN Durante la campaña oceanográfica española para el estudio del bentos antártico, Bentart- 2006, se recogieron en el área del Mar de Bellingshausen y la Península Antártica siete especimenes de Proneomeniidae (Solenogastres, Cavibelonia). Se describe Proneomenia bulbosa sp. nov. Se incluye una tabla comparativa de los principales caracteres de las especies pertenecientes al género Proneomenia. Se presentan nuevos datos de Dorymenia usarpi Salvini-Plawen, 1978 y de Dorymenia menchuescribanae García-Álvarez, Urgorri and Salvini-Plawen, 2000. INTRODUCTION The family Proneomeniidae is highly (type C according to SALVINI-PLAWEN, homogeneous, comprising species that 1978a; Epimenia type according to are generally over 1 cm in length, most HANDL AND TODT, 2005). The family of them measuring between 2 and 5 cm includes two genera: Proneomenia and long. They are characterized by present- Dorymenia, which differ in the ing a thick cuticle with several layers of absence/presence of copulatory stylets. hollow acicular sclerites, a polystic- The genus Proneomenia includes ten hous/polyserial radula and ventrolat- species, four of which belong to the eral foregut glandular organs with a Antarctic and Subantarctic biogeo- paired duct of epithelially arranged graphic areas (SALVINI-PLAWEN, 1978a): gland cells surrounded by musculature Proneomenia epibionta Salvini-Plawen, * Departamento de Zooloxía e Antropoloxía Física. Facultade de Bioloxía. Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Campus Sur s/n. 15782 Santiago de Compostela. Spain. [email protected] ** Unidade de Biodiversidade e Recursos Mariños. Instituto de Acuicultura. Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Campus Sur s/n. 15782 Santiago de Compostela. Spain. 67 Iberus, 27 (1), 2009 1978 and Proneomenia stillerythrocytica cosoi García-Álvarez, Urgorri and Salvini-Plawen, 1978 were collected near Salvini-Plawen, 1998. the Falkland Islands; Proneomenia praeda- toria Salvini-Plawen, 1978 comes from the Kerguelen Islands and Drake MATERIAL AND METHODS Passage. Only Proneomenia gerlachei Pelseneer, 1901 was collected in the The seven specimens studied were same biogeographic area as Proneomenia collected in three stations sampled bulbosa sp. nov., from the Bellingshausen during the expedition Bentart-2006, Sea. which was carried out on board the BIO The genus Dorymenia, one of the Hespérides in January-February 2006 at largest of this class, includes twenty- Bellingshausen Sea and the Antarctic four species, seventeen of which come Peninsula. Specimens were fixed and from the Antarctic and Subantarctic bio- preserved in 70% ethanol. For the study geographic areas (SALVINI-PLAWEN, of sclerites, small pieces of cuticle of the 1978a; GARCÍA-ÁLVAREZ ET AL., 1998; dorsal middle part of the body and of 2000, GARCÍA-ÁLVAREZ AND URGORRI, the ventral groove were separated. 2003). The two species of this genus These pieces were treated with sodium studied herein, Dorymenia usarpi Salvini- hypochlorite at 5% for 12 hours to Plawen, 1978 and Dorymenia menchue- isolate the sclerites. They were then scribanae García-Álvarez, Urgorri and washed with water, dried in a drying Salvini-Plawen, 2000, come from South chamber at 40ºC and mounted in Shetland Islands, an area in which six Canada balsam. For their anatomical other species are known: Dorymenia acu- study, specimens were decalcified in an tidentata Salvini-Plawen, 1978, Dory- EDTA solution for 12 hours, they were menia cristata Salvini-Plawen, 1978, embedded in paraffin, cut in transverse Dorymenia hesperidesi García-Álvarez, series of 10 µm in section, stained with Urgorri and Salvini-Plawen, 2000, Dory- Mallory trichromic and the reconstruc- menia hoffmani Salvini-Plawen, 1978, tion of the internal anatomy of their Dorymenia parvidentata García-Álvarez anterior and posterior body was per- and Urgorri, 2003 and Dorymenia tron- formed. SYSTEMATICS Family Proneomeniidae Simroth, 1893 Diagnosis: See SALVINI-PLAWEN, 1978a; GARCÍA-ÁLVAREZ AND SALVINI-PLAWEN, 2007 Genus Proneomenia Hubrecht, 1880 Diagnosis: See SALVINI-PLAWEN, 1978a; GARCÍA-ÁLVAREZ AND SALVINI-PLAWEN, 2007 Type species: Proneomenia sluiteri Hubrecht, 1880 Proneomenia bulbosa sp. nov. (Figs. 1, 2) Type material: Holotype 1 specimen 43 x 2.5 mm, cut in serial sections. Bellingshausen Sea (Antar- tica). Bentart-2006, Station MB 34-2; coordinates: 70º 11.620’ S, 84º 8.694’ W; 603 m depth. The holo- type, cut in serial sections, is deposited in the Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales of Madrid, number MNCN 15.02/25. Etymology: From Latin bulbus, bulb, regarding the posterior body of the bulging body. Diagnosis: Body without protuber- acuminate posterior body. 300 µm thick ances and keels, with a bulging and cuticle. Hollow acicular sclerites (130- 68 GARCÍA-ÁLVAREZ ET AL.: Proneomeniidae from the Bentart-2006 Expedition B C 10 µm 5 mm 100 µm A 1 2 Dc Dg At Ra Mg D Cg Vfg Ph 500 µm 3 4 Dso Pr Sr E Mg Sd Pc 500 µm Figure 1. Proneomenia bulbosa sp. nov. A: habitus; B: hollow sclerites; C: radular tooth; D: schematic organization of the anterior body; E: schematic organization of the posterior body. Abbreviations, At: atrial sense organ; Cg: cerebral ganglion; Dc: dorsal caecum; Dg: dorsal gland; Dso: dorsoterminal sense organ; Mg: midgut; Pc: pallial cavity; Ph: pharynx; Pr: pericardium; Ra: radula apparatus; Sd: spawning duct; Sr: seminal receptacle; Vfg: ventral foregut glandular organ. Figura 1. Proneomenia bulbosa sp. nov. A: habitus; B: escleritos huecos; C: diente radular; D: esquema de la organización de la parte anterior; E: esquema de la organización de la parte posterior. Abreviatu- ras, At: órgano sensitive atrial; Cg: ganglio cerebral; Dc: ciego dorsal; Dg: glándula dorsal; Dso: órgano sensitivo dorsoterminal; Mg: intestino; Pc: cavidad paleal; Ph: faringe; Pr: pericardio; Ra: aparato radular; Sd: conducto de desove; Sr: receptáculo seminal; Vfg: órgano glandular ventral de la faringe. 69 Iberus, 27 (1), 2009 450 µm long). With one fold in the pedal ventral groove of the pallial cavity is groove that enters the pallial cavity. located below the posterior part of the Dorsal pharynx gland present. Radula spawning duct and it leads onto the with 22-25 small and identical teeth outside through a narrow longitudinal with a wide base and a sharp sigmoid opening that continues with the opening end. Ventrolateral foregut glandular of the pallial cavity. The lateral walls of organs type C/Epimenia type. Two types the ventral groove are thick and glandu- of erythrocytes: some elongated without lous, the abdominal spicules are located granulations and a longitudinal groove on them. and others spherical with granulations. Digestive system. It presents a Opening of the posteriorly unpaired common atriobuccal cavity (Fig. 1D). spawning duct through a narrow tube The mouth opens dorsally in the poste- with a sphincter. Seminal receptacles rior part of the atriobuccal cavity. The elongate, slightly lobulate. Small pallial pharynx presents, dorsally and ven- cavity without diverticles and respira- trally, a pair of small caeca near the tory folds, with an anterior ventral mouth, which possibly form when the groove. Without copulatory stylets. pharynx infolds. The anterior region of With abdominal spicules. One dorsoter- the pharynx has thick lateral walls with minal sense organ. glands; a dorsal gland, which is made Description: Habitus: Specimen 43 up of a short duct into which the gland mm long x 2.5 mm thick. Body of circu- cells open, is located in its dorsal region lar section, without protuberances and (Fig. 1D, 2A). The middle region pre- keels, with a bulging and acuminate sents a circular musculature, which is posterior body and a truncated and thicker in its dorsal part (Fig. 1D, 2B). slightly bulging anterior body (Fig. 1A). Wide posterior part of the pharynx with Very marked pedal groove. White a less developed musculature layer. The colour in alcohol. radula is polystichous/polyserial, with Mantle and pedal groove: Thick cuticle 22-25 small, identical teeth in each trans- (up to 300 µm thick) with elongated epi- verse row (25 µm long from the base to dermal papillae. Hollow acicular scle- their sharp end) with a wide base and a rites (130-450 µm long) with thick walls sharp and sigmoid end (Fig. 1C). The (5-7 µm thick), slightly curved, with a ventrolateral foregut glandular organs sharp distal end and a round proximal are type C according to SALVINI- end (Fig. 1B). Sclerites are arranged in PLAWEN, 1978a or Epimenia type follow- several interlacing layers, with the distal ing HANDL AND TODT, 2005, are made
Load more

Recommended publications
  • New Records for the Solenogaster Proneomenia Sluiteri (Mollusca) from Icelandic Waters and Description of Proneomenia Custodiens Sp
    vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 291–310, 2014 doi: 10.2478/popore−2014−0012 New records for the solenogaster Proneomenia sluiteri (Mollusca) from Icelandic waters and description of Proneomenia custodiens sp. n. Christiane TODT 1 and Kevin M. KOCOT 2 1 University Museum of Bergen, The Natural History Collections, Postbox 7800, N−5020 Bergen, Norway <[email protected]> 2 Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, 101 Rouse Life Sciences, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA <[email protected]> Abstract: During August–September 2011, scientists aboard the R/V Meteor sampled ma− rine animals around Iceland for the IceAGE project (Icelandic marine Animals: Genetics and Ecology). The last sample was taken at a site known as “The Rose Garden” off north− eastern Iceland and yielded a large number of two species of Proneomenia (Mollusca, Aplacophora, Solenogastres, Cavibelonia, Proneomeniidae). We examined isolated scler− ites, radulae, and histological section series for both species. The first, Proneomenia sluiteri Hubrecht, 1880, was originally described from the Barents Sea. This is the first record of this species in Icelandic waters. However, examination of aplacophoran lots collected dur− ing the earlier BIOICE campaign revealed additional Icelandic localities from which this species was collected previously. The second represents a new species of Proneomenia, which, unlike other known representatives of the genus, broods juveniles in the mantle cav− ity. We provide a formal description, proposing the name Proneomenia custodiens sp. n. Interestingly, the sclerites of brooded juveniles are scales like those found in the putatively plesiomorphic order Pholidoskepia rather than hollow needles like those of the adults of this species.
    [Show full text]
  • Angelika Brandt
    PUBLICATION LIST: DR. ANGELIKA BRANDT Research papers (peer reviewed) Wägele, J. W. & Brandt, A. (1985): New West Atlantic localities for the stygobiont paranthurid Curassanthura (Crustacea, Isopoda, Anthuridea) with description of C. bermudensis n. sp. Bijdr. tot de Dierkd. 55 (2): 324- 330. Brandt, A. (1988):k Morphology and ultrastructure of the sensory spine, a presumed mechanoreceptor of the isopod Sphaeroma hookeri (Crustacea, Isopoda) and remarks on similar spines in other peracarids. J. Morphol. 198: 219-229. Brandt, A. & Wägele, J. W. (1988): Antarbbbcturus bovinus n. sp., a new Weddell Sea isopod of the family Arcturidae (Isopoda, Valvifera) Polar Biology 8: 411-419. Wägele, J. W. & Brandt, A. (1988): Protognathia n. gen. bathypelagica (Schultz, 1978) rediscovered in the Weddell Sea: A missing link between the Gnathiidae and the Cirolanidae (Crustacea, Isopoda). Polar Biology 8: 359-365. Brandt, A. & Wägele, J. W. (1989): Redescriptions of Cymodocella tubicauda Pfeffer, 1878 and Exosphaeroma gigas (Leach, 1818) (Crustacea, Isopoda, Sphaeromatidae). Antarctic Science 1(3): 205-214. Brandt, A. & Wägele, J. W. (1990): Redescription of Pseudidothea scutata (Stephensen, 1947) (Crustacea, Isopoda, Valvifera) and adaptations to a microphagous nutrition. Crustaceana 58 (1): 97-105. Brandt, A. & Wägele, J. W. (1990): Isopoda (Asseln). In: Sieg, J. & Wägele, J. W. (Hrsg.) Fauna der Antarktis. Verlag Paul Parey, Berlin und Hamburg, S. 152-160. Brandt, A. (1990): The Deep Sea Genus Echinozone Sars, 1897 and its Occurrence on the Continental shelf of Antarctica (Ilyarachnidae, Munnopsidae, Isopoda, Crustacea). Antarctic Science 2(3): 215-219. Brandt, A. (1991): Revision of the Acanthaspididae Menzies, 1962 (Asellota, Isopoda, Crustacea). Journal of the Linnean Society of London 102: 203-252.
    [Show full text]
  • Aplacophoran Mollusca in the Natural History Museum Berlin. an Annotated Catalogue of Thiele's Type Specimens, with a Brief
    Mitt. Mus. Nat.kd. Berl., Zool. Reihe 81 (2005) 2, 145–166 / DOI 10.1002/mmnz.200510009 Aplacophoran Mollusca in the Natural History Museum Berlin. An annotated catalogue of Thiele’s type specimens, with a brief review of “Aplacophora” classification Matthias Glaubrecht*,1, Lothar Maitas1 & Luitfried v. Salvini-Plawen**,2 1 Department of Malacozoology, Museum of Natural History, Humboldt University, Invalidenstraße 43, D-10115 Berlin, Germany 2 Institut fu¨ r Zoologie, Universita¨t Wien, Althanstraße 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria Received January 2005, accepted April 2005 Published online 08. 09. 2005 With 2 figures Key words: Systematization, cladistic analyses, Solenogastres (¼ Neomeniomorpha), Caudofoveata (¼ Chaetodermomorpha), Aculifera, Amphineura, Johannes Thiele, Ernst Vanho¨ ffen, First German South Polar Expedition, “Gauss”, “Valdivia”. Abstract Aplacophoran molluscs are a small, often neglected and still poorly known but phylogenetically important basal group, with taxa possessing morphological characters considered essential for the reconstruction of the basal Mollusca and their evolution. Currently, in most textbooks of zoology and major malacological treatise Solenogastres and Caudofoveata are viewed as con- stituting a monophyletic clade called Aplacophora Von Ihering, 1876, although evidence is available to the contrary, suggest- ing the latter to be a paraphyletic grade. Accordingly, the hitherto accepted “Aplacophora” may consist of two Recent, diphy- letic taxa, viz. Solenogastres Gegenbaur, 1878 (sensu Simroth, 1893) or Neomeniomorpha Pelseneer, 1906 (also called Ventroplicida Boettger, 1955) and Caudofoveata Boettger, 1955 or Chaetodermomorpha Pelseneer, 1906. The Museum of Natural History Berlin (formerly Zoological Museum Berlin, ZMB) houses rich type material essentially of Solenogastres on which to a substantial degree the preeminent German malacologist Johannes Thiele (1860–1935), working as curator in this collection from 1905 on, has based his respective systematic accounts of that time.
    [Show full text]
  • Maquetación 1
    © Sociedad Española de Malacología Iberus, 15 (2): 35-50, 1997 Fragmented knowledge on West-European and Iberian Caudofoveata and Solenogastres Conocimiento fragmentado de los Solenogastros y Caudofoveados de Europa occidental y Península Ibérica Luitfried von SALVINI-PLAWEN* Recibido el 8-I-1996. Aceptado el 4-X-1996 ABSTRACT A basic problem in our knowledge of the aplacophoran molluscs, viz. the Caudofoveata and the Solenogastres, is the poor availability of faunistic samplings. This lacunarity even concerns the European waters; in the present contribution, particular attention is paid to the gap in the records along the French and Iberian shelf regions. This is underlined by presenting an updated geographic distribution of eight caudofoveate and thirteen soleno- gastre species. Benthos investigators are called upon to focus more intensively on sam- pling the smaller marine fauna from mobile bottoms of the West-European shelf regions. RESUMEN Un problema esencial para el conocimiento de los Caudofoveados y Solenogastros (moluscos aplacóforos) es la insignificante disponibilidad de material recogido en diferen- tes muestreos faunísticos. Esta carencia todavía afecta al Atlántico europeo y particular- mente concierne a la falta de muestras en la plataforma continental de Francia y de la Península Ibérica. Esta situación se pone en evidencia con la recopilación actualizada de la distribución geográfica de ocho especies de Caudofoveados y trece de Solenogastros. Se hace una invitación especial a los investigadores del bentos para que intensifiquen su atención por la pequeña fauna marina de sustratos blandos en la plataforma occidental europea. KEY WORDS: Caudofoveata, Solenogastres, Aplacophora, new records, distribution, Europe. PALABRAS CLAVE: Caudofoveados, Solenogastros, Aplacophora, nuevas citas, distribución, Europa.
    [Show full text]
  • Foraging Tactics in Mollusca: a Review of the Feeding Behavior of Their Most Obscure Classes (Aplacophora, Polyplacophora, Monoplacophora, Scaphopoda and Cephalopoda)
    Oecologia Australis 17(3): 358-373, Setembro 2013 http://dx.doi.org/10.4257/oeco.2013.1703.04 FORAGING TACTICS IN MOLLUSCA: A REVIEW OF THE FEEDING BEHAVIOR OF THEIR MOST OBSCURE CLASSES (APLACOPHORA, POLYPLACOPHORA, MONOPLACOPHORA, SCAPHOPODA AND CEPHALOPODA) Vanessa Fontoura-da-Silva¹, ², *, Renato Junqueira de Souza Dantas¹ and Carlos Henrique Soares Caetano¹ ¹Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Zoologia, Laboratório de Zoologia de Invertebrados Marinhos, Av. Pasteur, 458, 309, Urca, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil, 22290-240. ²Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciência Biológicas (Biodiversidade Neotropical), Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro E-mails: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] ABSTRACT Mollusca is regarded as the second most diverse phylum of invertebrate animals. It presents a wide range of geographic distribution patterns, feeding habits and life standards. Despite the impressive fossil record, its evolutionary history is still uncertain. Ancestors adopted a simple way of acquiring food, being called deposit-feeders. Amongst its current representatives, Gastropoda and Bivalvia are two most diversely distributed and scientifically well-known classes. The other classes are restricted to the marine environment and show other limitations that hamper possible researches and make them less frequent. The upcoming article aims at examining the feeding habits of the most obscure classes of Mollusca (Aplacophora, Polyplacophora, Monoplacophora, Scaphoda and Cephalopoda), based on an extense literary research in books, journals of malacology and digital data bases. The review will also discuss the gaps concerning the study of these classes and the perspectives for future analysis.
    [Show full text]
  • WCM 2001 Abstract Volume
    Abstracts Council of UNITAS MALACOLOGICA 1998-2001 World Congress of President: Luitfried SALVINI-PLAWEN (Wien/Vienna, Austria) Malacology Secretary: Peter B. MORDAN (London, England, UK) Treasurer: Jackie VAN GOETHEM (Bruxelles/Brussels, Belgium) 2001 Members of Council: Takahiro ASAMI (Matsumoto, Japan) Klaus BANDEL (Hamburg, Germany) Yuri KANTOR (Moskwa/Moscow, Russia) Pablo Enrique PENCHASZADEH (Buenos Aires, Argentinia) John D. TAYLOR (London, England, UK) Vienna, Austria Retired President: Rüdiger BIELER (Chicago, USA) 19. – 25. August Edited by Luitfried Salvini-Plawen, Janice Voltzow, Helmut Sattmann and Gerhard Steiner Published by UNITAS MALACOLOGICA, Vienna 2001 I II Organisation of Congress Symposia held at the WCM 2001 Organisers-in-chief: Gerhard STEINER (Universität Wien) Ancient Lakes: Laboratories and Archives of Molluscan Evolution Luitfried SALVINI-PLAWEN (Universität Wien) Organised by Frank WESSELINGH (Leiden, The Netherlands) and Christiane TODT (Universität Wien) Ellinor MICHEL (Amsterdam, The Netherlands) (sponsored by UM). Helmut SATTMANN (Naturhistorisches Museum Wien) Molluscan Chemosymbiosis Organised by Penelope BARNES (Balboa, Panama), Carole HICKMAN Organising Committee (Berkeley, USA) and Martin ZUSCHIN (Wien/Vienna, Austria) Lisa ANGER Anita MORTH (sponsored by UM). Claudia BAUER Rainer MÜLLAN Mathias BRUCKNER Alice OTT Thomas BÜCHINGER Andreas PILAT Hermann DREYER Barbara PIRINGER Evo-Devo in Mollusca Karl EDLINGER (NHM Wien) Heidemarie POLLAK Organised by Gerhard HASZPRUNAR (München/Munich, Germany) Pia Andrea EGGER Eva-Maria PRIBIL-HAMBERGER and Wim J.A.G. DICTUS (Utrecht, The Netherlands) (sponsored by Roman EISENHUT (NHM Wien) AMS). Christine EXNER Emanuel REDL Angelika GRÜNDLER Alexander REISCHÜTZ AMMER CHAEFER Mag. Sabine H Kurt S Claudia HANDL Denise SCHNEIDER Matthias HARZHAUSER (NHM Wien) Elisabeth SINGER Molluscan Conservation & Biodiversity Franz HOCHSTÖGER Mariti STEINER Organised by Ian KILLEEN (Felixtowe, UK) and Mary SEDDON Christoph HÖRWEG Michael URBANEK (Cardiff, UK) (sponsored by UM).
    [Show full text]
  • Hard and Soft Anatomy in Two Genera of Dondersiidae (Mollusca, Aplacophora, Solenogastres)
    Reference: Biol. Bull. 222: 233–269. (June 2012) © 2012 Marine Biological Laboratory Hard and Soft Anatomy in Two Genera of Dondersiidae (Mollusca, Aplacophora, Solenogastres) AME´ LIE H. SCHELTEMA1,*, CHRISTOFFER SCHANDER2†, AND KEVIN M. KOCOT3 1Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Biology Dept., Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543; 2University Museum of Bergen, P.O. Box 7800, Bergen N-5020, Norway; Uni Environment, Uni Research AS, Bergen N-5020, Norway; and 3Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, 101 Rouse Life Sciences, Auburn, Alabama 36849 Abstract. Phylogenetic relationships and identifications Introduction in the aplacophoran taxon Solenogastres (Neomeniomor- pha) are in flux largely because descriptions of hard parts–– The cylindrical, vermiform, sclerite-covered Aplaco- sclerites, radulae, copulatory spicules––and body shape phora has been a perplexing taxon of molluscs ever since have often not been adequately illustrated or utilized. With the first two species, representatives of the only two clades, easily recognizable and accessible hard parts, descriptions were discovered: Chaetoderma nitidulum Love´n, 1844, ϭ of Solenogastres are of greater use, not just to solenogaster Caudofoveata ( Chaetodermomorpha Pelseneer) and Neo- ϭ taxonomists, but also to ecologists, paleontologists, and menia carinata Tullberg, 1875, Solenogastres ( Neomen- evolutionary biologists. Phylogenetic studies of Aplaco- iomorpha Pelseneer). The puzzle was first of all whether N. carinata phora, Mollusca, and the Lophotrochozoa as a whole, they were molluscs at all, because lacks a radula, and the radula of C. nitidulum is a strange, 2-den- whether morphological or molecular, would be enhanced. ticled affair attached to a long cuticular cone. Indeed, the As an example, morphologic characters, both isolated hard great malacologist Johannes Thiele, with far less informa- parts and internal anatomy, are provided for two genera in tion than is now available, and who published over 20 the Dondersiidae.
    [Show full text]
  • Solenogastres, Caudofoveata, and Polyplacophora
    4 Solenogastres, Caudofoveata, and Polyplacophora Christiane Todt, Akiko Okusu, Christoffer Schander, and Enrico Schwabe SOLENOGASTRES The phylogenetic relationships among the molluscan classes have been debated for There are about 240 described species of decades, but there is now general agree- Solenogastres (Figure 4.1 A–C), but many more ment that the most basal extant groups are are likely to be found (Glaubrecht et al. 2005). the “aplacophoran” Solenogastres (ϭ Neo- These animals have a narrow, ciliated, gliding meniomorpha), the Caudofoveata (ϭ Chae- sole located in a ventral groove—the ventral todermomorpha) and the Polyplacophora. fold or foot—on which they crawl on hard or Nevertheless, these relatively small groups, soft substrates, or on the cnidarian colonies especially the mostly minute, inconspicuous, on which they feed (e.g., Salvini-Plawen 1967; and deep-water-dwelling Solenogastres and Scheltema and Jebb 1994; Okusu and Giribet Caudofoveata, are among the least known 2003). Anterior to the mouth is a unique sen- higher taxa within the Mollusca. sory region: the vestibulum or atrial sense Solenogastres and Caudofoveata are marine, organ. The foregut is a muscular tube and usu- worm-shaped animals. Their body is covered by ally bears a radula. Unlike other molluscs, the cuticle and aragonitic sclerites, which give them midgut of solenogasters is not divided in com- their characteristic shiny appearance. They have partments but unifi es the functions of a stom- been grouped together in the higher taxon Aplac- ach, midgut gland, and intestine (e.g., Todt and ophora (e.g., Hyman 1967; Scheltema 1988, Salvini-Plawen 2004b). The small posterior 1993, 1996; Ivanov 1996), but this grouping is pallial cavity lacks ctenidia.
    [Show full text]
  • Molluscs 2015 Program and Abstract Handbook
    Conference Program and Abstracts molluscs 2015 Frontiers in Molluscan Research 29 November – 2 December 2015 www.malsocaus.org © Malacological Society of Australia 2015 Abstracts may be reproduced provided that appropriate acknowledgement is given and the reference cited. Requests for this book should be made to: Malacological Society of Australia information at: http://www.malsocaus.org/contactus.htm Program and Abstracts for the 2015 meeting of the Malacological Society of Australasia (29 November to 2 December 2015, Coffs Harbour, New South Wales) Conference program: Kirsten Benkendorff Cover Photos: 1) Dicathais orbita egg mass = Kirsten Benkendorff 2) Thermal image of Nerita atramentosa = Kirsten Benkendorff 3) Molecular docking of murexine = David Rudd 4) Nudibranch = Steve Smith Cover Design and Print: Southern Cross University Compilation, layout and typesetting: Jonathan Parkyn and Julie Burton Publication Date: November 2015 Recommended Retail Price: $22.00 Malacological Society of Australasia, Triennial Conference Table of Contents Floor Plan of Novotel Pacific Bay Venue ……………………………………………………………….. 3 About the National Marine Science Centre …………………………………………………………… 3 General Information ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 4 Conference Organising Committee ……………………………………………………………………….. 6 Our Sponsors ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 7 MSA AGM and Elections ………………………………………………………………………………………. 8 MSA Committees ………………………………………………………….………………………………………. 8 Malacological Society President’s Welcome ………………………………………………………….. 9 Our
    [Show full text]
  • Mollusca: Solenogastres) from Antarctica and NW Spain
    Helgol Mar Res (2013) 67:423–443 DOI 10.1007/s10152-012-0333-0 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Three new species of Pruvotinidae (Mollusca: Solenogastres) from Antarctica and NW Spain Maria Zamarro • Oscar Garcı´a-A´ lvarez • Victoriano Urgorri Received: 23 July 2010 / Revised: 6 August 2012 / Accepted: 28 September 2012 / Published online: 20 October 2012 Ó Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg and AWI 2012 Abstract The family Pruvotinidae (Solenogastres, Cav- and a terminal or subterminal pallial cavity. They are a ibelonia) includes thirty species of fifteen genera grouped in common, and sometimes abundant, part of the benthic five subfamilies. These subfamilies are defined by the biotypes, inhabiting marine bottoms from depths of combination of the presence or absence of hollow hook- 1–6,850 m (predominantly below 50 m), and they are shaped sclerites, the presence or absence of a dorsopha- carnivorous, feeding chiefly on Cnidaria. The class Sole- ryngeal gland and the type of ventrolateral foregut glandular nogastres includes about 260 species, grouped into 23 organs: type A, type C or circumpharyngeal. In this paper, families within 4 orders. three new species of the family Pruvotinidae are described: The ventrolateral foregut glandular organs are present in Pruvotina artabra n. sp. and Gephyroherpia impar n. sp. most taxa of Solenogastres and their variable configuration from NW Spain, and Pruvotina manifesta n. sp. from means an important suprageneric taxonomic character Antarctic Peninsula. These new descriptions increase the (Salvini-Plawen 1978; Handl and Todt 2005; Garcı´a- global knowledge of Solenogastres biodiversity. A´ lvarez and Salvini-Plawen 2007); moreover, many spe- cies show unicellular pharyngeal glands.
    [Show full text]
  • Irish Biodiversity: a Taxonomic Inventory of Fauna
    Irish Biodiversity: a taxonomic inventory of fauna Irish Wildlife Manual No. 38 Irish Biodiversity: a taxonomic inventory of fauna S. E. Ferriss, K. G. Smith, and T. P. Inskipp (editors) Citations: Ferriss, S. E., Smith K. G., & Inskipp T. P. (eds.) Irish Biodiversity: a taxonomic inventory of fauna. Irish Wildlife Manuals, No. 38. National Parks and Wildlife Service, Department of Environment, Heritage and Local Government, Dublin, Ireland. Section author (2009) Section title . In: Ferriss, S. E., Smith K. G., & Inskipp T. P. (eds.) Irish Biodiversity: a taxonomic inventory of fauna. Irish Wildlife Manuals, No. 38. National Parks and Wildlife Service, Department of Environment, Heritage and Local Government, Dublin, Ireland. Cover photos: © Kevin G. Smith and Sarah E. Ferriss Irish Wildlife Manuals Series Editors: N. Kingston and F. Marnell © National Parks and Wildlife Service 2009 ISSN 1393 - 6670 Inventory of Irish fauna ____________________ TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary.............................................................................................................................................1 Acknowledgements.............................................................................................................................................2 Introduction ..........................................................................................................................................................3 Methodology........................................................................................................................................................................3
    [Show full text]
  • JMS 70 1 073-093 Eyh008 FINAL
    CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MORPHOLOGICAL DIVERSITY AND CLASSIFICATION OF THE ORDER CAVIBELONIA (MOLLUSCA: SOLENOGASTRES) LUITFRIED VON SALVINI-PLAWEN Institut für Zoologie, Universität Wien, Althanstraße 14, A-1090, Wien, Austria (Received 3 May 2002, accepted 14 July 2003) ABSTRACT The status of families within the order Cavibelonia is poorly understood. Here, description of new species and reexamination of type material yield new information on organizational diversity and systematic demarcations in the order. The families Drepanomeniidae and Rhipidoherpiidae are confirmed, and a new family Notomeniidae is proposed. Within Simrothiellidae, biodiversity at both the species and genus level is increased. Within Rhipidoherpiidae, as well as Proneomeniidae, the supraspecific taxa are elucidated. Of the eight species concerned, five are new: Drepanomenia tenuitecta n.sp. and D. pontisquamata n.sp. (Drepanomeniidae), Simrothiella digitoradulata n.sp., S. abysseuropaea n.sp.and Aploradoherpia insolita n.gen. n.sp. (Simrothiellidae). Observations on A. insolita confirm the independent origin of the (mesodermal) pericardioducts and (ectodermal) spawning ducts. A re- examination of the southern Norwegian Simrothiella margaritacea (Koren & Danielssen) revealed that specimens from the West European Basin belong to a separate species S. abysseuropaea n.sp. Two former Proneomenia species are revised and reclassified: Thieleherpia n.gen. is proposed for Proneomenia thulensis Thiele (Rhipidoherpiidae) and Dorymenia for Proneomenia quincarinata Ponder (Proneomeniidae).
    [Show full text]