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Assessment of Offshore Wind Farm Decommissioning Requirements Ontario Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change

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Assessment of Offshore Wind Farm Decommissioning Requirements Ontario Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change Assessment of Offshore Wind Farm Decommissioning Requirements Ontario Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change Document No.: 800785-CAMO-R-06 Issue: C, Status: FINAL Date: 17 May 2016 IMPORTANT NOTICE AND DISCLAIMER 1. This document is intended for the sole use of the Customer as detailed on the front page of this document to whom the document is addressed and who has entered into a written agreement with the Supplier issuing this document (“Supplier” or “DNV GL”) and the Ontario Public Service. To the extent permitted by law, neither Supplier nor any group company (the "Group") assumes any responsibility whether in contract, tort including without limitation negligence, or otherwise howsoever, to third parties (being persons other than the Customer and the Ontario Public Service), and no company in the Group other than Supplier shall be liable for any loss or damage whatsoever suffered by virtue of any act, omission or default (whether arising by negligence or otherwise) by Supplier, the Group or any of its or their servants, subcontractors or agents. This document must be read in its entirety and is subject to any assumptions and qualifications expressed therein as well as in any other relevant communications in connection with it. This document may contain detailed technical data which is intended for use only by persons possessing requisite expertise in its subject matter. 2. This document was developed using the Suppliers Intellectual Property as that term is defined in the agreement referred to above, otherwise known as “DNV GL Great Lakes Offshore Wind Decommissioning Costs Tool” or the “Tool”. The Ministry and the Ontario Public Service acknowledge that the Tool is considered Intellectual Property of the Supplier. 3. This document is protected by the Queen’s Printer for Ontario copyright. Distribution of this document shall not imply that Supplier has any liability to any recipient other than the Customer and the Ontario Public Service. 4. This document has been produced from information relating to dates and periods referred to in this document. This document does not imply that any information is not subject to change. Except and to the extent that checking or verification of information or data is expressly agreed within the written scope of its services, Supplier shall not be responsible in any way in connection with erroneous information or data provided to it by the Ministry or any third party, or for the effects of any such erroneous information or data whether or not contained or referred to in this document. 5. Any forecasts, cost estimates or predictions are subject to factors not all of which are within the scope of the probability and uncertainties contained or referred to in this document and nothing in this document guarantees any particular cost outcome. KEY TO DOCUMENT CLASSIFICATION For disclosure only to named individuals within the Customer’s Strictly Confidential : organisation. For disclosure only to individuals directly concerned with the subject Private and Confidential : matter of the document within the Customer’s organisation. Commercial in Confidence : Not to be disclosed outside the Customer’s organisation. DNV GL only : Not to be disclosed to non-DNV GL staff Distribution for information only at the discretion of the Customer Customer’s Discretion : (subject to the above Important Notice and Disclaimer and the terms of DNV GL’s written agreement with the Customer). Available for information only to the general public (subject to the Published : above Important Notice and Disclaimer). GL Garrad Hassan Canada Inc. Page ii Report title: Assessment of Offshore Wind Farm DNV GL - Energy Decommissioning Requirements Renewables Advisory Customer: Ontario Ministry of the Environment and Climate 4100 Molson Street, Suite 100 Change Montreal, Quebec, H1Y 3N1 Standards Development Branch Tel: (514) 272-2175 7th Floor, 40 St. Clair Avenue West Enterprise No.: 860480037 Toronto, Ontario, M4V 1M2 Contact person: Larry Smet Date of issue: 17 May 2016 Project No.: 800785 Document No.: 800785-CAMO-R-06 Issue/Status C/FINAL Task and objective: • To collect and present an international overview of offshore structures decommissioning requirements, regulations, and costs, focusing on the type of structures used in or relevant to offshore wind; • To design likely scenarios for offshore wind decommissioning in Ontario’s fresh water lakes; and • To develop cost estimates to inform requirements for decommissioning and financial assurance requirements for future offshore wind power plants in the Great Lakes. Prepared by: Verified by: Approved by: Gillian Smith, Senior Engineer, Offshore Chris Garrett, Senior Engineer, Offshore Chris Elkinton, Offshore Technical Lead Wind Projects Wind Projects Michael Drunsic, Offshore Commercial Lead John Harrison, Offshore Logistics Paul Reynolds, Senior Consultant Dariush Faghani, Senior Engineer Arlene Whitmore, Project Manager, Due Diligence ☐ Strictly Confidential Keywords: ☐ Private and Confidential Offshore, Decommissioning, Offshore Wind, Great ☐ Commercial in Confidence Lakes, Cost, Regulation, Financial Assurance ☐ DNV GL only ☒ Customer’s Discretion ☐ Published © 2016 GL Garrad Hassan Canada Inc.. All rights reserved. Reference to part of this report which may lead to misinterpretation is not permissible. Issue Date Reason for Issue Prepared by Verified by Approved by A 24 March 2016 Full report draft G. Smith, C. Garrett, C. Elkinton M. Drunsic, J. Harrison, P. Reynolds, D. Faghani A. Whitmore B 22 April 2016 Addressed MOECC comments G. Smith D. Faghani C. Elkinton C 17 May 2016 Addressed MOECC comments G. Smith D. Faghani GL Garrad Hassan Canada Inc. Page iii Table of contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ..................................................................................................................... XII 1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Objectives .................................................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Background ................................................................................................................................ 1 1.3 Scope ........................................................................................................................................ 4 1.4 Report organization ..................................................................................................................... 6 2 OFFSHORE WIND FARMS – AN OVERVIEW ........................................................................................ 7 2.1 Chapter introduction .................................................................................................................... 7 2.2 Offshore wind farm technology...................................................................................................... 7 2.3 Wind turbines ............................................................................................................................. 9 2.4 Wind turbine foundations ............................................................................................................12 2.5 Offshore cabling .........................................................................................................................29 2.6 Offshore substations and support structures ..................................................................................32 2.7 Onshore substations and cabling ..................................................................................................35 2.8 Other elements ..........................................................................................................................36 2.9 Chapter summary.......................................................................................................................38 3 OTHER OFFSHORE INFRASTRUCTURE ..............................................................................................39 3.1 Chapter introduction ...................................................................................................................39 3.2 Offshore oil and gas ....................................................................................................................39 3.3 Other marine structures ..............................................................................................................56 3.4 Installations in ice-infested waters ................................................................................................64 3.5 Chapter summary.......................................................................................................................68 4 JURISDICTIONAL AND LITERATURE REVIEW.....................................................................................69 4.1 Chapter introduction ...................................................................................................................69 4.2 Introduction to key decommissioning terms ...................................................................................69 4.3 International regulation ...............................................................................................................70 4.4 United Kingdom .........................................................................................................................73 4.5 Denmark ...................................................................................................................................79
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