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Organizations Relevant to the Status of Defacto Segregation in the Chicago Public Schools

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DOCUMENT RESUME ED 029 077 U0 008 338 De Facto School Segregation; Hearings Before A Special Subcommittee on Investigation of De Facto Racial Segregation in Chicago Public Schools (Washington, D.C., July 27-28, 1965). Congress of the U.S., Washington, D.C. House Committee on Education and Labor. Pub Date Jul 65 Note- 368p. EDRS Price MF-SI.50 HC-SI8.50 Descriptors-*Defacto Segregation,Federal Government, *Northern Schools, *PublicSchools, *School Segregation, *Urban Schools Identifiers-Chicago The document consists of the testimony given at Congressional hearings in 1965. Included are statements by educators, labor leaders, and representatives of various organizations relevant to the status of defacto segregation in the Chicago public schools. (NH) - U.S.-DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCA-TION & -17/air- N- OFFICE OF EDUCATION C) DE FACTO SCHOOL SEGREGATION EXACTLY AS RECEIVEDFROM THE /*\, CUMENT HAS BEEN REPRODUCED CV)) It POINTS OF VIEWOR OPINIONSe OR ORGANIZATION ORIGINATING OFFICIAL OFFICE OF EDUrATION DO NOT NECESSARILY REPRESENT OR POLICY. HEARINGS BEFORE A SPECIAL SUBCOMMITTEE OF THE COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION AND LABOR HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES EIGHTY-NINTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION ON INVESTIGATION OP DE FACTO RACIAL SEGREGATION IN CHICAGO'S PUBLIC SCHOOLS HEARINGS BEL/3 IN WASHINGTON, D.C., JULY 27 AND 28, 1965 Printed for the use of the Committee on Education and Labor ADAM C. POWELL, Choinnos 640 U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 52-579 0 WASHINGTON : 1955 Office ofEducation-EEOP Researchand Materials Branch COMMITITE ON EDUCATION AND LABOR ADAM C. POWELL, New York, Chairman CARL D. PERKINS, Kentucky WILLIAM H. AYRES, Ohio EDITH GREEN, Oregon ROBERT P. GRIFFIN, Michigan JAMESEOOSEVELT, California ALBERT H. QUIE, Minnesota FR INK THOMPSON, Ja., New Jersey CHARLES E. GOODELL, New York ELMER J. HOLLAND, Pennsylvania JOHN M. ASHBROOK, Ohio JOHN II. DENT, Pennsylvania DAVE MARTIN, Nebraska ROMAN C. PUCINSKI, Illinois ALPHONZO BELL, California DOMINICK V. DANIELS, New Jersey OGDEN R. REID, New York JOHN BRADEMAS, Indiana GLENN ANDREWS, Alabama JAMES G. O'HARA, Michigan EDWARD J. GURNEY, Florida RALPH J. SCOTT, North Carolina HUGH L. CAREY, New York AUGUSTUS F. HAWKINS, California CARLTON R. SICKLES, Maryland SAX GIBBONS, Florida WILLIAM D. FORD, Michigan WILLIAM D. HATHAWAY, Maine PATSY T. MINK, Hawaii JAMES Ef. SCHEUER, New York LLOYD MEEDS, Washington Louisa MaxliaNa DAMNS, Chief Clerk RUSSELL C. Dramas() lc, Staff Director C. SUMNER STosr, Special Assistant to the Chairman Dr. GRACE ELWELL, Education Chief Laos Aammsozt, Chief Counsel for Labor-Management MICHAEL I. Remnant, Minority Counsel for Education and Labor CHARLES W. RADCLIIITE, Special Education. Counsel for Minority Ar) CONTTRN TS Hearings held in Washington, D.C.: Pate July 27, 1965 1 July 28, 1965 149 Foreword by the Chairman viz 45 Statement of Black, Timuel D., president, Chicago chapter, Negro American Labor Council, Chicago, Ill 196 Bosky, Mrs. Joseph, representing Mothers Opposed to Meddling in Schools, 6556 North Chicora A.venue, Chicago Ill 172 Finley, Sydney, quad-State field secretary,NAACP (accompanied by Charles Chew, Jr., an alderman of the 17th ward of the city of Chicago, and Meyer Weinberg, editor of Integrated Education magazine) 149 Hauser, PrOf. Philip M., University of Chicago, and chairman, advis- ory panel on integration_ 98 Raby, Alfred A., Chicago, Ill., accompanied by Dr. Faith Rich, chairman of CORE Research Committee, and Meyer Weinberg, history teacher, Wright Junior College, and editor of Integrated Education magazine 207 Willis, Benjamin C., general suberintendent of Public Schools of Chicago (accompanied by Dr. Virginia Lewis, assistant superin- tendent of schools; Mrs. Louise Daugherty, district superintendent; Dr. Eileen Stack, associate superintmdent of schools; NIrs. Evelyn Carlson, associate superintendent of schools; Julien Drayton, assist- . ant superintendent of schools; and Miss Dorothy Sauer, principal of a high schooL 5, 127 Statements, letters, supplemental material, etc.: Abner, Willoughby, national vice p12sident, Negro American Labor Council, statement by 315 Aaron, Ely M., chairman Chicago Commission on Human Relations: Letter to Frank M. Whiston, president, Board of Education, Chicago, Ill., dated June 5, 1964 340 Letter to Frank M. Whiston, president,- Board of Educatic7), Chicago, Ill., dated July 6, 1965_ 341 Black, Timuel D. president, Chicago area chapter of the Negro American Labor 'Council: Minutes of Washbourne Trade School committee meeting _ 200 Statement submitted by 197 Testimony: November 5, 1964 317 December 15, 1914 319 Cassell, Frank, Chicago Urban League, board of directors, notes on problems of Negro employment 325 "Chicago, Civil Rights U.S.A., Public Schools, Cities in the North and West, 1962," A report to the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights 243 Chicago Teachers Union's dinner theater party and dance poster 334 City Council of the City of Chicago, Ill., resolution by 340 Commission on Human Relations, City of Chicago: Contractor employment practices report 349 Contractors show gain in Neg;ro apprentices 352 Cook, Mrs. Junerous, Chicago Urban League research specialist, statement by - 121 Coons, John E., professor of law, Northwestern University School of Law: Letter to Frank M. Whiston, dated May 18, 1965 135 Letter to Frank M. Whiston, dated May. 25, '1965 _ 136 Letter to Dr. Benjamin C. Willis, dated .April 5, 1965 134 A a a-raalma.arat ..t.a-amolftagasagyfaa,anca, aa a a - -aa. IV CONTENTS Statements, letters, supplemental material, ete.:Continued Page Effects of segregation on children, the 345 Explanation of two sections of poverty bill, memorandumfrom Howard Fuller. 343 Finley, Sydney, quad-State field secretary, National Associationfor the Advancement of Colored People, letter to Chairman Powell,dated July 26, 1965 149 Hauser report, verbatim transcript, meeting, special committee_ 179 Keppel, Hon. Francis, U.S. Commissioner of Education, letterto Benjamin C. Willis, dated March 25, 1965 134 Lin field, Jan, and Paul G. Shane, Social Workers for Human Rights, statement by 194 Marciniak, Edward, executive director, Commissionon Human Re- lations, summary to mayor and members of city council, dated December 2, 1963 334 "Negro UnemploymentA Case Study," by Harold Baron,excerpt from 330 New Dehnan, Mitchell Jay, Law Students Civil Rights Research Council, University of Chicago, College of Law, "Chicago's Wash- burne Trade School; A Delegation of Social Discrimination," article by 224 Simonds, K. T., addenda re Thomas J. Murray family 224 Union replies about membership by race, religion, nationalorigin 337 "Vocational Education and Apprenticeship TrainingATime of Crisis," excerpts from "Employment," book 3, 1961, Commissionon Civil Rights 320 "Wanted: More Negro Apprentices at Washbnrne Trade School,"a study by the Chicago Committee on Racial Equality 322 Weinberg, Meyer, and Faith Rich, cochairmen, Research Committee, Coordinating Council of Community Organizations,report by 162 Willis stands accused by his record . 352 Willis, Benjamin C., general superintendent of publicschools of Chicago: t A Chicago Urban League research report 61 Adult day school, statement on_ 55 After school elementary remedial reading classes, May 1965 (map) 22 Areas -with highest concentration of poverty basedon (5) indi- cators (map) 12 Birthplace of educational and vocational guidance center students (chart) 15 Budget, 1953 and 1965 (chart)_ 30 Building fundLocal tax rate (chart) 28 Building programSchools occupied, January 1, 1951, to Septem- ber 1, 1965 (map) 17 Contrasting district data (chart) 16 District superintendents' districts (map) 10 Dual (shared-time) enrollment plan, statementon 56 Educable mentally handicapped classes, June 1965 (map) 25 Educational and vocational guidance centers, June 1965 (map) 23 Educational fundLocal tax rate (chart)_ 27 Elementary enrollment with greatest growth in districts, Septem- ber 1951 to September 1964 (map) 7 Elementary schools with hot food lunchroom service, June 1965 1) (mai)) 26 Elementary special summer 3chools, grades 1 to 6, 1965 (map) 21 Elimination of double shift, 1961-63 (chart) 18 EnrollmentSchools, 1953-65 (chart) 8 EnrollmentsKindergarten through college (chart) 5 Head count (October 7, 1964), racial distribution, graphically (map) 12 Head Start classes (prekindergarten), summer 1965 (map) 25 High school attendance areas (map) 11 IB pupil dataFall 1963 (chart)_ 15 Increase in teaching positions, September 1953 to September 1964 (chart) 19 Median years of school completed by adults 25years and over, comparative data (1960 census) (map) 14 1 CONTENTS V Statements, letters, supplemental material, etc.Continued Willis, Benjamin C.Continued Page Neighborhood Youth Corps program, statement on 54 Operation Head Start, statement on 54 Percent of Negro children, grades 1 and 8 (chart) 9 Rate of growth, 1954-55, 1963-64 6 Reduction in class size (elementary school) (chart) 18 Statement by 45 Statements and documents presented to Committee on Education and Labor 56 Teacher salary scale (chart) 20 Textbook fundLocal tax rate (chart) 29 The child of limited background needs (chart) 31 What further study of the child reveals (chart) 31 What the teacher sees (chart) 30 FOREWORD BY THE CHAIRMAN One of the more critical concerns of this countryduring the last few years has been racial segregation in public school systems.Ever since May 17, 1954, when the U.S. Supreme Courtstruck down the remaining legal barriers to equal eclucation, there has been anational awareness that
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  • Presidential Elections; Electoral College

    Presidential Elections; Electoral College

    CHAPTER 10 Presidential Elections; Electoral College § 1. In General; Electoral Certificates § 2. Joint Sessions to Count Electoral Votes § 3. Counting Votes; Objections to Count § 4. Presidential Nominations for Vice President INDEX TO PRECEDENTS Certificates ascertaining electors Joint session to count electoral votes generally, see § 3.5 —Cont. transmittal of, to the House, § 1.l recesses in connection with, § § 2.2, 2.3 Certificates of electoral Votes statutory procedures relative to, § 2.6 conflicts relative to, § 3.5 Presidential nominations for Vice objections to vote count, § 3.6 President transmittal of, to the House, §§ 1.1 et confirmation of, § 4.3 seq. referral of, to committee, § 4.2 Joint session to count electoral votes transmission of, by message, § 4.1 concurrent resolution providing for, Tellers to count electoral votes § 2.1 appointment of, in the House, § § 3.1, convening of, § 2.4 3.2 division of, to consider objections, § 3.6 appointment of, in the Senate, § 3.4 presiding officer for, § 2.5 substitution for, in the House, § 3.3 Commentary and editing by John R. Graham, Jr., J.D. and Roy Miller, LL.B. 1557 Presidential Elections; Electoral College § 1. In General; Electoral whether the President should be Certificates chosen by popular vote, by the Congress, or by some other meth- Under the U.S. Constitution, od. Election by direct popular vote both the House and Senate for- was rejected because it was be- mally participate in the process by lieved that the people would have which the President and Vice insufficient knowledge of the var- President are elected. Congress is ious candidates, and because it directed by the 12th amendment was assumed that the people to receive and, in joint session, would be unable to agree on a sin- count the electoral votes certified gle candidate.