DOCSLIB.ORG

DCDC Strategic Trends Programme: Future Operating

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Strategic Trends Programme Future Operating Environment 2035 © Crown Copyright 08/15 Published by the Ministry of Defence UK The material in this publication is certified as an FSC mixed resourced product, fully recyclable and biodegradable. First Edition 9027 MOD FOE Cover B5 v4_0.indd 1-3 07/08/2015 09:17 Strategic Trends Programme Future Operating Environment 2035 First Edition 20150731-FOE_35_Final_v29-VH.indd 1 10/08/2015 13:28:02 ii Future Operating Environment 2035 20150731-FOE_35_Final_v29-VH.indd 2 10/08/2015 13:28:03 Conditions of release The Future Operating Environment 2035 comprises one element of the Strategic Trends Programme, and is positioned alongside Global Strategic Trends – Out to 2045 (Fifth Edition), to provide a comprehensive picture of the future. This has been derived through evidence-based research and analysis headed by the Development, Concepts and Doctrine Centre, a department within the UK’s Ministry of Defence (MOD). This publication is the first edition of Future Operating Environment 2035 and is benchmarked at 30 November 2014. Any developments taking place after this date have not been considered. The findings and deductions contained in this publication do not represent the official policy of Her Majesty’s Government or that of UK MOD. It does, however, represent the view of the Development, Concepts and Doctrine Centre. This information is Crown copyright. The intellectual property rights for this publication belong exclusively to the MOD. Unless you get the sponsor’s authorisation, you should not reproduce, store in a retrieval system or transmit its information in any form outside the MOD. This information may be subject to privately owned rights. Future Operating Environment 2035 iiiiii 20150731-FOE_35_Final_v29-VH.indd 3 10/08/2015 13:28:03 20150731-FOE_35_Final_v29-VH.indd 4 10/08/2015 13:28:05 Contents Introduction ........................................................... vii Chapter 1 Strategic context . 1 The global context ...................................................................1 The UK context ......................................................................5 Global stress map : 2035 ..............................................................8 Chapter 2 Characteristics of the future operating environment . 11 Actors .............................................................................. 11 Institutions . 12 Culture and identity ................................................................13 Technology .........................................................................13 Cyberspace. 20 Electromagnetic environment ......................................................20 Physical environment. 21 Future legal aspects ................................................................25 Chapter 3 Implications for Defence . 29 The challenge ......................................................................29 The increased importance of the ‘understand’ function .............................30 Remote and automated systems ....................................................31 Access, anti-access and area denial ..................................................32 The urban and littoral challenge ....................................................32 Blurring of UK and overseas threats .................................................32 Humanitarian assistance and disaster relief ..........................................33 Reconstitution ......................................................................34 Agility ..............................................................................34 Conclusion .........................................................................39 A commander’s perspective: 2035 . 41 The ‘5Cs’ . 44 Acknowledgements . 45 Future Operating Environment 2035 v 20150731-FOE_35_Final_v29-VH.indd 5 10/08/2015 13:28:06 vi Future Operating Environment 2035 20150731-FOE_35_Final_v29-VH.indd 6 10/08/2015 13:28:07 Introduction Aim commissions were produced. Subsequent The Future Operating Environment 2035 proactive engagement by DCDC with a (FOE 35) forms part of the Development, broad range of contributors has provided Concepts and Doctrine Centre’s (DCDC) essential peer review and challenge Strategic Trends Programme. DCDC is the functions for this product in pursuit of MOD’s independent think tank and, as robustness and resilience. such, FOE 35 does not represent the official position of Her Majesty’s Government. It Scope supersedes the 2010 Future Character of While FOE 35 aims to provide a long-term Conflict (FCOC) and aims to: analysis of the key characteristics of the operating environment in 2035, the nature describe the characteristics of the 2035 of ‘futures’ work is such that attempting operating environment to provide to pinpoint when particular trends or evidence-based insights that can inform characteristics will emerge is invariably future Defence capability development. problematic. Where this is the case, we discuss characteristics emerging out to, as FOE 35 describes the potential characteristics well as in, 2035. Some characteristics of the of the future operating environment, and is future operating environment in 2035 are designed primarily to inform UK Defence and likely to be similar to those apparent today, security policy-makers and our Armed Forces but novel factors will emerge and some more broadly. However, it is intended to characteristics will become increasingly have applicability across UK Government and important in determining the future agencies to help inform their understanding environment in comparison to today. of the future operating environment in which we all (military, other UK Government Chapter 1 outlines the principal factors departments, international organisations identified in GST 5 that may drive the and agencies) may find ourselves operating UK Government to employ the military in 2035. instrument. Chapter 2 describes the key institutional, technological, cultural and Method physical characteristics likely to shape the As part of DCDC’s Strategic Trends operating environment in 2035. It places Programme, FOE 35 uses Global Strategic understanding people (the actors) and Trends – Out to 2045, Fifth Edition (GST 5) their motivations at the centre of our ability as its foundation. Extensive contributions to achieve an understanding of the future were garnered from across Defence, operating environment. Chapter 3 identifies UK Government, think tanks, academics, some of the key implications drawn from our non-governmental organisations and analysis. This will enable us to assess future other UK and international institutions. military utility and opportunities for Defence Following gap analysis, additional directed in 2035. Elements of both can contribute to Defence’s future force development process. Future Operating Environment 2035 vii 20150731-FOE_35_Final_v29-VH.indd 7 10/08/2015 13:28:08 Introduction The challenge DCDC’s previous publication, the Future The challenge of looking 20 years ahead is Character of Conflict, described the 2014 joint significant but, like GST 5, this work does not battlespace as: seek to predict the future. Rather, it describes congested, cluttered, contested, the characteristics of plausible operating connected and constrained . environments, resulting from rigorous trend analysis. It seems likely that the future will While these descriptors endure, FOE 35 be characterised by an increase in the rate aims to provide a wider and more detailed and impact of some current global trends analysis to inform future Defence capability (in particular urbanisation, globalisation development. and inter-connectivity) and an increasingly complex, ambiguous and wide range of Exploitation pathway potential threats. The rate of change in some This document sets out to provide context technological fields is likely to be particularly for policy-makers. It aims to inform the dramatic, which may have the effect of debate on the future and, therefore, wider ‘accelerating’ the future towards us in certain conceptual force development. FOE 35 fields. Equally, some trends may experience is intended to provide a baseline for local reversal. The potential for unforeseen, experimentation, but not to constrain disruptive events cannot be ignored. These Commands in their thinking. Indeed, to events – or ‘shocks’ – have a low probability innovate and adapt are two attributes that of occurring, but Defence must consider will greatly assist Defence and its people as shocks because of the high impact they they move into the future. Armed with a could have. This suggests that a premium better understanding of the future through should be placed on flexibility, adaptability FOE 35, threats can be anticipated and and national resilience. Readers wanting opportunities seized. more detail on thematic and geographic trends or on potential strategic shocks should refer to GST 5. viii Future Operating Environment 2035 20150731-FOE_35_Final_v29-VH.indd 8 10/08/2015 13:28:08 Strategic context Chapter 1 Strategic context Introduction . DCDC’s Global Strategic Trends – Out to 2045, Fifth Edition (GST 5) provides The global context a vision of a world in transition out to 2045. The global trends discussed in GST 5 could There are likely to be significant challenges lead to tension, but where such trends resulting from population growth, migration, collide, instability and conflict are more likely greater demand for energy, climate change, to occur (see pages 8-9). These trends may continuing
Recommended publications
  • ~'7/P64~J Adviser Department of S Vie Languages and Literatures @ Copyright By

    ~'7/P64~J Adviser Department of S Vie Languages and Literatures @ Copyright By

    FREEDOM AND THE DON JUAN TRADITION IN SELECTED NARRATIVE POETIC WORKS AND THE STONE GUEST OF ALEXANDER PUSHKIN DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of the Ohio State University By James Goodman Connell, Jr., B.S., M.A., M.A. The Ohio State University 1973 Approved by ,r-~ ~'7/P64~j Adviser Department of S vie Languages and Literatures @ Copyright by James Goodman Connell, Jr. 1973 To my wife~ Julia Twomey Connell, in loving appreciation ii VITA September 21, 1939 Born - Adel, Georgia 1961 .•..••. B.S., United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 1961-1965 Commissioned service, U.S. Navy 1965-1967 NDEA Title IV Fellow in Comparative Literature, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 1967 ••••.•. M.A. (Comparative Literature), The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 1967-1970 NDFL Title VI Fellow in Russian, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 1969 •.•••.• M.A. (Slavic Languages and Literatures), The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 1970 .•...•. Assistant Tour Leader, The Ohio State University Russian Language Study Tour to the Soviet Union 1970-1971 Teaching Associate, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 1971-1973 Assistant Professor of Modern Foreign Languages, Valdosta State College, Valdosta, Georgia FIELDS OF STUDY Major field: Russian Literature Studies in Old Russian Literature. Professor Mateja Matejic Studies in Eighteenth Century Russian Literature. Professor Frank R. Silbajoris Studies in Nineteenth Century Russian Literature. Professors Frank R. Silbajoris and Jerzy R. Krzyzanowski Studies in Twentieth Century Russian Literature and Soviet Literature. Professor Hongor Oulanoff Minor field: Polish Literature Studies in Polish Language and Literature.
  • Trading Rabbit Ears for Wi-Fi: Aereo, the Public Performance Right, and How Broadcasters Want to Control the Business of Internet TV

    Trading Rabbit Ears for Wi-Fi: Aereo, the Public Performance Right, and How Broadcasters Want to Control the Business of Internet TV

    Vanderbilt Journal of Entertainment & Technology Law Volume 16 Issue 4 Issue 4 - Summer 2014 Article 5 2014 Trading Rabbit Ears for Wi-Fi: Aereo, the Public Performance Right, and How Broadcasters Want to Control the Business of Internet TV Jacob Marshall Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.vanderbilt.edu/jetlaw Part of the Communications Law Commons, and the Internet Law Commons Recommended Citation Jacob Marshall, Trading Rabbit Ears for Wi-Fi: Aereo, the Public Performance Right, and How Broadcasters Want to Control the Business of Internet TV, 16 Vanderbilt Journal of Entertainment and Technology Law 909 (2020) Available at: https://scholarship.law.vanderbilt.edu/jetlaw/vol16/iss4/5 This Note is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarship@Vanderbilt Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in Vanderbilt Journal of Entertainment & Technology Law by an authorized editor of Scholarship@Vanderbilt Law. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Trading Rabbit Ears for Wi-Fi: Aereo, the Public Performance Right, and How Broadcasters Want to Control the Business of Internet TV ABSTRACT Aereo, a start-up company that allows consumers to stream free, over-the-air broadcasts to their phones and computers, seems rather innocuous. Yet the major broadcasting networks have attempted to shut Aereo down since its inception, claiming that Aereo infringes on their copyright. Aereo claims that its unique technology-where each user is assigned their own, individual antenna-ensures that Aereo does not infringe on the broadcasters'publicperformance rights. The United States Supreme Court has granted certiorarion the matter.
  • The U.S. Fighting Man's Code, DA PAM 21-71

    The U.S. Fighting Man's Code, DA PAM 21-71

    EXECUTIVE ORDER 10631 CODE OF CONDUCT FOR MEMBERS OF THE ARMED FORCES OF THE UNITED STATES By virtue of the authority vested in me as President of the United States; and as Com­ mander in Chief of the Armed Forces of the United States, I hereby prescribe the Code of Conduct for Members of the armed Forces of the United States"which is attached to this order and hereby made a part thereof. Every member of the Armed Forces of the United States is expected to measure up to the standards embodied in this Code of Conduct .while he is in combat or in captivity. To ensure achievement of these standards, each member of the Armed Forces liable to capture shall be provided with specific training and instruction designed to better equip him to counter and withstand all enemy efforts against him, and shall be fully instructed as to the behavior and obligations expected of him during comlmt or captivity. The Secretary of Defense (and the Secretary of the Treasury with respect to the Coast Guard exeept when it is serving as part of the Navy) shall take such action as is deemed neeessary to implement this order and to disseminate and make the said Code known to all members of the Armed Forces of the United States. THI'J WHITE HOUSE August 17, 1955 For sale by tbe Superintendent of Documents, U,S. Government Printing Office Washington 25, D,C, . Price 50 cents '.:. 9 am. at1,5\m~~icanJf.9titt~'9 tUat1-~ senJe in the I Jorces}l?lit~Q,9lla.s~n1,gcounh~an6ol\t"" UJ~ # [lfC;9m'ry'~r~/~09lue n'l\ 'lfe in t~i,-6ifens.e.
  • Leibniz on Contingency and Freedom: a Molinism Friendly Account

    Leibniz on Contingency and Freedom: a Molinism Friendly Account

    Leibniz on Contingency and Freedom: A Molinism Friendly Account Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Juan Garcia, MA Graduate Program in Philosophy The Ohio State University 2018 Dissertation Committee: Tamar Rudavsky, Advisor Julia Jorati, Advisor Lisa Downing William Taschek © 2018 by Juan Garcia All rights reserved. Abstract: Some philosophical ideas, like metals, reveal their most interesting qualities when stretched. As I see it, the intelligibility and plausibility of the concept of contingency, as a condition for freedom, is stretched significantly by three of Leibniz’s major philosophical commitments: i) a robust version of the principle of sufficient reason; ii) strong theological commitments like divine foreknowledge and robust providence; and iii) Leibniz’s distinctive thesis of complete individual concepts – the doctrine that every substance has an individual concept which includes predicates denoting everything that will ever happen to it. Many interpreters think that these Leibnizian commitments stretch contingency to the breaking point: Leibniz cannot retain a genuine type of contingency. In this dissertation, I argue that these interpreters are mistaken and that Leibniz can accommodate a plausible type of contingency. Two important steps in reaching this conclusion are the following. First, I identify a kind of explanation of rational action according to which the explanans does not necessitate the explanandum. Second, I develop an account that makes sense of individual concepts including contingent truths as contingent. This account both sheds new light on some of Leibniz’s central views on contingency and freedom, and expands our substantive understanding of contingency as a condition for freedom.

  • The Spectator and Dialogues of Power in Early Soviet Theater By

    Directed Culture: The Spectator and Dialogues of Power in Early Soviet Theater By Howard Douglas Allen A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Sociology in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Victoria E. Bonnell, Chair Professor Ann Swidler Professor Yuri Slezkine Fall 2013 Abstract Directed Culture: The Spectator and Dialogues of Power in Early Soviet Theater by Howard Douglas Allen Doctor of Philosophy in Sociology University of California, Berkeley Professor Victoria E. Bonnell, Chair The theater played an essential role in the making of the Soviet system. Its sociological interest not only lies in how it reflected contemporary society and politics: the theater was an integral part of society and politics. As a preeminent institution in the social and cultural life of Moscow, the theater was central to transforming public consciousness from the time of 1905 Revolution. The analysis of a selected set of theatrical premieres from the Bolshevik Revolution in 1917 to the end of Cultural Revolution in 1932 examines the values, beliefs, and attitudes that defined Soviet culture and the revolutionary ethos. The stage contributed to creating, reproducing, and transforming the institutions of Soviet power by bearing on contemporary experience. The power of the dramatic theater issued from artistic conventions, the emotional impact of theatrical productions, and the extensive intertextuality between theatrical performances, the press, propaganda, politics, and social life. Reception studies of the theatrical premieres address the complex issue of the spectator’s experience of meaning—and his role in the construction of meaning.
  • Friend Or Foe?

    Friend Or Foe?

    Who Goes There: Friend or Foe? June 1993 OTA-ISC-537 NTIS order #PB93-218915 GPO stock #052-003-01328-2 -— Recommended Citation: U.S. Congress, Office of lkchnology Assessment, Who Goes There: Friend or Foe?, OTA-ISC-537 (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, June 1993). Foreword he recent Persian Gulf War focused attention on the problem of fratricide, or “friendly fire” casualties among combat units. Twenty-four percent of U.S. combat fatalities in that conflict were due to friendly fire. The House Armed T Services Committee requested that OTA assess the technology and techniques available to reduce this tragic loss of life. Although friendly fire has often been dismissed in the military literature as an insignificant contributor to overall combat losses, in those few historical cases for which good data are available, estimated friendly fire losses have accounted for at least 10 percent of total losses. Friendly fire has been an important-and under-appreciated-source of combat deaths. Combat is confusing, complex, and deadly. Friendly fire casualties can probably never be eliminated, but several measures can reduce them. Application of new and existing technology can make identification of friendly forces on the battlefield more reliable; improved communication can reduce confusion on the battlefield; and better training can help military personnel make crucial, rapid decisions under the extreme stress of combat. Congress faces several decisions related to reducing friendly fire. These include: the choice of best technical approaches to pursue; the allocation of resources between systems that are devoted exclusively to reducing friendly fire and other systems—for example, better navigation and communication devices--that may reduce friendly fire in indirect and less visible ways; the best mix of near-term deployments and longer term research and development; and the need for cooperation and coordination among the military Services and with allies.
  • Authorized Abbreviations, Brevity Codes, and Acronyms

    Authorized Abbreviations, Brevity Codes, and Acronyms

    Army Regulation 310–50 Military Publications Authorized Abbreviations, Brevity Codes, and Acronyms Headquarters Department of the Army Washington, DC 15 November 1985 Unclassified USAPA EPS - * FORMAL * TF 2.45 05-21-98 07:23:12 PN 1 FILE: r130.fil SUMMARY of CHANGE AR 310–50 Authorized Abbreviations, Brevity Codes, and Acronyms This revision-- o Contains new and revised abbreviations, brevity codes , and acronyms. o Incorporates chapter 4, sections I and II of the previous regulation into chapters 2 and 3. o Redesignates chapter 5 of the previous regulation as chapter 4. USAPA EPS - * FORMAL * TF 2.45 05-21-98 07:23:13 PN 2 FILE: r130.fil Headquarters Army Regulation 310–50 Department of the Army Washington, DC 15 November 1985 Effective 15 November 1985 Military Publications Authorized Abbreviations, Brevity Codes, and Acronyms has been made to highlight changes from the a p p r o v a l f r o m H Q D A ( D A A G – A M S – P ) , earlier regulation dated 15February 1984. ALEX, VA 22331–0301. Summary. This regulation governs Depart- m e n t o f t h e A r m y a b b r e v i a t i o n s , b r e v i t y Interim changes. Interim changes to this codes, and acronyms. regulation are not official unless they are au- thenticated by The Adjutant General. Users Applicability. This regulation applies to el- will destroy interim changes on their expira- ements of the Active Army, Army National Guard, and U.S.
  • Cow's Milk Processing—Friend Or Foe in Food Allergy?

    Cow's Milk Processing—Friend Or Foe in Food Allergy?

    foods Review Cow’s Milk Processing—Friend or Foe in Food Allergy? Sabine Geiselhart †, Aleksandra Podzhilkova † and Karin Hoffmann-Sommergruber * Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; [email protected] (S.G.); [email protected] (A.P.) * Correspondence: [email protected] † These authors contributed equally to this work. Abstract: Cow’s milk (CM) is an integral part of our daily diet starting in infancy and continuing throughout our lifetime. Its composition is rich in proteins with a high nutritional value, bioactive components, milk minerals including calcium, and a range of immunoactive substances. However, cow’s milk can also induce a range of immune-mediated diseases including non-IgE-mediated food allergies and IgE-mediated food allergies. Cow’s milk allergens have been identified and char- acterized and the most relevant ones can be assigned to both, the whey and casein fraction. For preservation a range of processing methods are applied to make cow’s milk and dairy products safe for consumers. However, these methods affect milk components and thus alter the overall immuno- genic activity of cow’s milk. This review summarizes the current knowledge on cow’s milk allergens and immunoactive substances and the impact of the different processes up- or downregulating the immunogenicity of the respective proteins. It highlights the gaps of knowledge of the related disease mechanisms and the still unidentified beneficial immunomodulating compounds of cow’s milk. Keywords: cow’s milk allergens; whey; casein; food processing; IgE-mediated food allergy Citation: Geiselhart, S.; Podzhilkova, A.; Hoffmann-Sommergruber, K.
  • Adrenergic Signaling in Immunotherapy of Cancer: Friend Or Foe?

    Adrenergic Signaling in Immunotherapy of Cancer: Friend Or Foe?

    cancers Review Adrenergic Signaling in Immunotherapy of Cancer: Friend or Foe? Agnete Witness Praest Jensen 1, Ana Micaela Carnaz Simões 1, Per thor Straten 1,2,* and Gitte Holmen Olofsson 1,* 1 National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (DK-CCIT), Department of Oncology, University Hospital, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark; [email protected] (A.W.P.J.); [email protected] (A.M.C.S.) 2 Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark * Correspondence: [email protected] (P.t.S.); [email protected] (G.H.O.); Tel.: +45-3868-2675 (P.t.S.); +45-3868-6418 (G.H.O.) Simple Summary: Exercise is associated with many aspects of a healthy lifestyle. Among these, exercise leads to the secretion of adrenaline and noradrenaline, which mobilize cells of the immune system, a process which is suggested to possess therapeutic value in cancer therapy, alone or in combination with immunotherapy. Strikingly, administration of β-blockers—which block the effect of adrenaline/noradrenaline—are also suggested to be useful in cancer therapy alone or in combination with immunotherapy. Herein we discuss the question of whether exercise and the administration of β-blockers could potentially be useful in cancer therapy. Abstract: The incidence of cancer is increasing worldwide, which is to a large extent related to the population’s increasing lifespan. However, lifestyle changes in the Western world are causative as well. Exercise is intrinsically associated with what one could call a “healthy life”, and physical activity Citation: Jensen, A.W.P.; Carnaz is associated with a lower risk of various types of cancer.
  • Regeneration & Rebirth: Anatomy of the Franchise Reboot

    Regeneration & Rebirth: Anatomy of the Franchise Reboot

    Scope: An Online Journal of Film and Television Studies Issue 22 February 2012 Regeneration & Rebirth: Anatomy of the Franchise Reboot William Proctor, University of Kingston, United Kingdom In 2005, Christopher Nolan resurrected the Batman brand from the cinematic graveyard and revived the film franchise for the 21st-century consumer. This successful rejuvenation, in both the critical and economic spheres, has resulted in a groundswell of franchise activity that spawned a set of texts increasingly referred to as the “reboot” cycle of films. To some extent, the strategy here is to nullify history and disconnect stagnant or failed product from a new, cinematic experiment. This provides an opportunity for the major Hollywood film studios to resuscitate, recycle, and regenerate “age-old but dilapidated franchise[s]” by returning to a recognizable and iconic product range rather than original, untested material (Day, 2009: 41). From an economic perspective, this “protects […] investment by reducing risks” and maximizes the marketing potential of cinematic texts (Balio, quoted in Neale, 2000: 237). As Lussier claims: [Remakes and reboots] generally come from brand recognition […] Studios have these little gems in their library. They may have fallen out of favour or disappeared to some extent but they‟re still the names the public recognize. So they dust them off and try again. Quite simply they‟re easier to sell because they have name recognition. It‟s like reinvigorating the brand. (Lussier, quoted in Russell, 2009: 89) Arguably, then (and rather cynically, perhaps), the financial and critical triumph of Nolan‟s Batman series ushered in a zeitgeist of franchise regenerations that strive to emulate its accomplishments.
  • Code Definitions

    Code Definitions

    Code Description ACAD Austin County Appraisal District LCAD Lee County Appraisal District LOCAL Local Value LOW Lowest Value DV1 DISABLED VET 10%-30% $5000 DV1C1 SURVIVING CHILD - 1 CHILD DV1C2 SURVIVING CHILD - 2 CHILDREN DV1C3 SURVIVING CHILD - 3 CHILDREN DV1C4 SURVIVING CHILD - 4 CHILDREN DV1C5 SURVIVING CHILD - 5 CHILDREN DV1S DISABLED VET (10%-30%) SURVIVING SPOUSE $5000 DV2 DISABLED VET 31%-50% $7500 DV2C1 SURVIVING CHILD - 1 CHILD DV2C2 SURVIVING CHILD - 2 CHILDREN DV2C3 SURVIVING CHILD - 3 CHILDREN DV2C4 SURVIVING CHILD - 4 CHILDREN DV2C5 SURVIVING CHILD - 5 CHILDREN DV2S DISABLED VET (31%-50%) SURVIVING SPOUSE $7500 DV3 DISABLED VET 51%-70% $10000 DV3C1 SURVIVING CHILD - 1 CHILD DV3C2 SURVIVING CHILD - 2 CHILDREN DV3C3 SURVIVING CHILD - 3 CHILDREN DV3C4 SURVIVING CHILD - 4 CHILDREN DV3C5 SURVIVING CHILD - 5 CHILDREN DV3S DISABLED VET (51%-70%) SURVIVING SPOUSE $10000 DV3W DISABLED VET ACTIVE DUTY SURVIVOR $5000 DV4 DISABLED VET 71%-100% $12000 DV4C1 SURVIVING CHILD - 1 CHILD DV4C2 SURVIVING CHILD - 2 CHILDREN DV4C3 SURVIVING CHILD - 3 CHILDREN DV4C4 SURVIVING CHILD - 4 CHILDREN DV4C5 SURVIVING CHILD - 5 CHILDREN DV4S DISABLED VET (71%-100%) SURVIVING SPOUSE $12000 ACAD Austin County Appraisal District LCAD Lee County Appraisal District H Future Hearing Scheduled N Values have not been Reviewed by the ARB Y Values have been set by the ARB 1D Ag 1D 1D1 Ag 1D1 TIM Timber FLD-1 Flood Land #1 (10% Reduction) FLD-2 Flood Land #2 (20% Reduction) FLD-3 Flood Land #3 (30% Reduction) FLD-5 Flood Land #5 (50% Reduction) FLD-6 Flood Land
  • " I Believe That We Will Win!": American Myth-Making and The

    " I Believe That We Will Win!": American Myth-Making and The

    “I Believe that We Will Win!”: American Myth-Making and the World Cup A thesis submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Cincinnati in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the Department of Communication of the College of Arts and Sciences by Michael Burkel B.A. University of Cincinnati April 2015 Committee Chair: Eric Jenkins, Ph.D. 2 Abstract This thesis examines the pervasiveness of nationalistic rhetoric and narratives in soccer-related media. The rhetorical strategies used by commentators, analysts, and fans to fit the United States Men’s Nation Team into the myth of American Exceptionalism are analyzed. First, four broadcasted soccer matches in which the United States played Mexico are analyzed, along with the available prematch, halftime, and postmatch studio coverage, in order to explain the growth of an exceptionally American storyline known as the Dos a Cero myth. Afterward, an analysis of fan responses to World Cup-related threads on a popular social media site are analyzed for nationalistic rhetoric and narrative content. This thesis offers insight into the ubiquitous nature of the myth of American Exceptionalism, showing the tactics used by Americans to rhetorically twist the facts to fit their preferred reality of an America that always triumphs in the end. 3 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT: ……………………………………………………………………………………. 2 CHAPTER: I: INTRODUCTION: ……….…………………………………………………………… 5 II. LITERATURE REVIEW ………………………………………………….………... 13 III. BROADCAST ANALYSIS …………………………………………………….…. 42 IV. INTERNET FAN COMMUNITY ANALYSIS ……………………………….…... 74 V. CONCLUSION ……………………………………………………………………. 107 REFERENCES: ………………………………………………………………………………. 114 5 Chapter One: Introduction A few days before the United States exited the 2014 FIFA World Cup after a 2-1 defeat by Belgium, far-right political commentator Ann Coulter wrote online in the Clarion-Ledger that “Any growing interest in soccer can only be a sign of the nation's moral decay” (2014).