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Julia Anna Gardner Proceedings Volume of the Geological Society of America Annual Report for 1960 Pp

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Julia Anna Gardner Proceedings Volume of the Geological Society of America Annual Report for 1960 Pp GEOL. soc. AM., PROC. FOR 1960 PLATE 6 JULIA ANNA GARDNER PROCEEDINGS VOLUME OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA ANNUAL REPORT FOR 1960 PP. 87-92. PL. 6 FEBRUARY 1962 MEMORIAL TO JULIA ANNA GARDNER (1882-1960) By HARRY S. LADD Julia Anna Gardner, distinguished paleontol­ worked at the Museum under contract with the ogist and authority on the stratigraphy of the U. S. Geological Survey until, at the end of Coastal Plain, died at her home in Bethesda, 1917, she joined the Red Cross for duty in Maryland, on November 15, 1960, after a long France. After the war, early in 1920, she became illness. She was 78 years of age. a Paleontologist with the Survey, a position Julia Gardner was born in Chamberlain, she was to hold for the next 32 years. South Dakota, on January 26, 1882. Her father, Miss Gardner's doctor's thesis at Johns Dr. Charles Henry Gardner, a practicing Hopkins dealt with a part of the fauna of the physician in Chamberlain, died when Julia Upper Tertiary beds of Virginia and North was but four months old. Julia was raised by Carolina, but this document was not completed her mother, Julia Brackett Gardner. Much of and published until many years later. While Julia Anna's girlhood was spent in South with the Maryland Survey she studied Upper Dakota where her early schooling was by Cretaceous mollusks and some minor groups. Her comprehensive reports in the two volumes private tutors. In 1898 mother and daughter that appeared in 1916 constituted a valuable moved to North Adams, Massachusetts, where pioneering effort. Detailed reports on the Julia attended Drury Academy, graduating in Cretaceous of Maryland and other areas have 1900. She entered Bryn Mawr, receiving an A.B. followed, but these reports, by others, have degree in 1905. She taught grammar school not replaced her work nor impaired its value. briefly in Chamberlain, then returned to Bryn One of the two major studies undertaken Mawr where she received a Master's degree in during her early years in Maryland extended 1907. At Bryn Mawr she met two other girls her field of interest to Virginia and North wi th geological in teres ts, and the three formed an Carolina. Her third major paper, the molluscan enduring close friendship. These other two were fauna of the Alum Bluff group, continued the Eleanora Bliss (Later Mrs. Adolph Knopf) and expansion southward into Florida. This proved Anna Jonas (later Mrs. George Stose). a notable effort as the molluscan fauna of the Alum Bluff group exceeded 800 species. These Professional Career were covered in a single Professional Paper of As a graduate student and Assistant in more than 700 pages, the several parts appear­ Paleontology at Johns Hopkins in Baltimore ing at intervals over a period of 25 years. As during the years 1907-1915, Miss Gardner with all Miss Gardner's papers, the species developed her interest in the richly fossiliferous were fully described and adequately illustrated. beds of the Coastal Plain. During a part of this The volume is used by all workers on the time she was also a Geologist on the Staff of Coastal Plain, and, as of this date, all but one the Maryland Geological Survey and, at of its numerous chapters have been reprinted. frequent intervals, she visited the United Miss Gardner's fourth major paper extended States National Museum in Washington to her field westward, as it covered the Midway confer with W. H. Dall and compare her fossils group of Texas, of Paleocene age. The molluscan with those in the Museum collections. She was fauna was smaller than those described in her awarded a Ph.D. by Johns Hopkins in 1911. other monographic studies, and she covered it In 1915 she moved to Washington and thoroughly. Her field investigations were aided 87 88 HARRY S. LADD by reports or maps from practically every but she felt deeply about the struggle from the petroleum company operating in Texas. She beginning. On August 9, 1914, only a week worked out the stratigraphy in great detail after the general war started, she wrote to a and related the Midway to rocks of comparable friend at the Museum: "I cannot tell you how age both in this country and abroad. Her incredibly awful this war seems to me who report, published by the University of Texas, has no relatives nor intimate friends immedi­ has proved exceedingly valuable to all gelogists ately concerned." Following the death of her on the Gulf Coast. mother late in 1917 (the year the United States A final extension of Miss Gardner's work on entered the war) she said: "All I want to do is the Coastal Plain carried her into northern to go with the Red Cross to France." By the Mexico. She planned to monograph the Tertiary end of the year she was with the American faunas of the Rio Grande Embayment against Canteen Service in France; later she served as their stratigraphic background and to correlate Auxiliary Nurse, including ambulance service, them with other Gulf faunas. These aims were with American Hospitals and, immediately achieved. Hundreds of collections of fossils after the war, with the American Friends made by oil-company geologists were submitted Service in devastated parts of France. During to Miss Garnder for study. These and many the summer of 1919 she was hospitalized in others collected by herself were described, Rheims, following an accident in line of duty. figured, and interpreted in Memoir 11 published It was well nigh impossible to make Julia by The Geological Society of America, which talk about her war experiences, although once, had supported the work. when pressed, she did admit that her Unit In addition to the five major reports men­ was under fire and that on one occasion a tioned above, Miss Gardner wrote about 40 bullet did land beneath the cot she occupied. shorter papers and brief notes. Some of these She kept a diary during part of her nursing were primarily taxonomic, others were strati­ days, and this reveals something of her work graphic or paleoecologic. Nine of them were near the Front. She noted air raids, emergency prepared jointly with one or more of nine surgical operations, and the necessarily grue­ coauthors. All but two of her published papers some details involved in caring for the seriously dealt primarily with Coastal Plain geology. and mortally wounded. Her small Unit was It seems, in retrospect, that Miss Gardner formally decorated by the French Government. planned her professional career sensibly. At Years later, in 1931, C. W. Merriam went an early date she found that she liked fossil to France to do some geological work. He mollusks, particularly those of the Tertiary. carried a letter of introduction from Julia She did describe a variety of other otganisms Gardner addressed to a M. Laire, an archeolo­ in small numbers, but her major efIo~ts went gist and highly respected citizen in the once to Tertiary mollusks in areas where they ap­ war-torn town of Epernay. Merriam was peared in sufficient abundance to be potentially enthusiastically received when Julia Gardner's useful. This proved to be a large area, but she letter was presented. There was a virtual parade did, one might say with some truth, cover the and a reception with some of the participants waterfront from Maryland to Mexico. in uniform. Miss Gardner's war services were At the time of her retirement Miss Gardner well remembered. was engaged in studies of Cenozoic fossil During the Second World War Miss Gardner mollusks, collected by Geological Survey field served on the home front. She recessed her parties on the islands of the western Pacific, paleontological studies and transferred to the and in the preparation of a unit for the Treatise newly created Military Geology Unit of the on Invertebrate Paleontology. She planned to Geological Survey. As "Miss Julia" she became finish both tasks, and I am sure that she would a respected leader in the "Dungeon Gang" have done so had not serious illness intervened. that, under high pressure, prepared highly classified strategic studies for the Armed Forces. War Services According to those who worked with her, she When the First World War started Julia was prepared superior texts, offered excellent ideas, 32 years of age. She had never been to Europe and compiled maps. Her maps were carefully MEMORIAL TO JULIA ANNA GARDNER 89 prepared but sometimes difficult for the drafts­ Palau, where she became acquainted with some man to follow as she preferred delicate pastel aspects of island geology, including coral reefs, shades to glaring primary colors! She was and made collections of fossils. invariably the first to appear for work in the To the overseas trips Julia added field work morning and, like all members of the Unit, in Mexico, and, unlike some of her European worked long hours, sometimes around the tours, the Mexican jaunts were not always clock. She helped her younger fellow workers in comfortable. Once, accompanied by others, many ways-sometimes with translations of she drove through a small village of adobe French and German technical terms and many houses that seemed almost deserted and de­ times with encouragement and advice that cidedly uninviting in the hot midday sun. One involved deep human understanding. The in the party remarked, "My! I'd hate to pass Dungeon Gang, understandably, was devoted the night here, wouldn't you, Julia?" To which to her. Miss Julia replied: "I spent three weeks here." As retirement drew near Julia determined to Travel climax her travels with a trip around the Following her tour of duty in Europe during world, and, characteristically, she planned to World War I, Julia Gardner made at least do it independently.
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