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Comité Argentino De Registros Ornitológicos Comité Argentino de Registros Ornitológicos PROPUESTA CARO 06 – Quitar Serpophaga munda de la lista de aves argentinas Jorge La Grotteria - 24/05/2021 ANTECEDENTES Forma muy debatida por la ciencia. Berlepsch (1893) describió a S. munda separándola de S. subcristata. Zimmer (1955) analiza ambas formas y considera que S. munda corresponde a un hábitat xerófilo- montañoso, y S. subcristata a las llanuras húmedas. Sostiene que la coloración dorsal y ventral no es concluyente. Bó (1969) llega a un resultado similar al de Zimmer (1955) pero encuentra que en determinada zona se encuentran ambas formas en simpatría, quedando la duda de si se quiebra el aislamiento genético e hibridizan. Short (1975) considera a S. munda como una subespecie o morfo de S. subcristata. Straneck (1993) unifica a S. subcristata con S. munda por tener iguales repertorios acústicos corroborando lo mencionado por Zimmer (1955), Short (1975) y Bó (1969). Smith (1971) realizó anteriormente análisis acústicos de ambas formas y apoyó el punto de vista de munda como especie válida por diferir en coloración y algunas vocalizaciones de S. subcristata, a lo que Straneck (1993) refuta que las diferencias vocales reportadas por Smith (1971) son mínimas y atribuibles a diferencias individuales o regionales, a lo que agrega que Smith no contó con el material comparativo suficiente. Herzog (2001) señala que Straneck (1993) posee severos defectos en la metodología y comenta que al re-examinar toda la información con un criterio conservador obtiene resultados opuestos, señalando que S. subcristata y S. munda son especies válidas. Mazar Barnett y Pearman (2001) siguen a Straneck (1993) basándose en las idénticas vocalizaciones e intergradación en la zona de contacto. Herzog y Mazar Barnett (2004) aseguran que los especímenes S. griseiceps de Berlioz (1959) representan a jóvenes de S. munda. Straneck (2007) explica que el error de los autores que insisten en que S. griseiceps son juveniles de S. munda (Berlioz, 1959; Traylor, 1979, 1982; Remsen y Traylor, 1989; Herzog y Mazar Barnett, 2004) proviene en que sus estudios solo se basan en pieles y no realizan análisis acústicos de las especies. Continúa tratando a munda como una subespecie de S. subcristata mencionando que "la diferencia de color se debe más a una adaptación cromática al ambiente donde viven, que a una diferencia específica". Serpophaga griseicapilla Como parte del complejo taxonómico, S. griseicapilla fue importante en el esclarecimiento de S. s. munda: Berlioz (1959) describió a Serpophaga griseiceps en base a cuatro especímenes provenientes de Cochabamba, Bolivia. Traylor (1979, 1982) considera a S. griseiceps como juveniles de S. munda, y Remsen y Traylor (1989) ratifican esto. Straneck (1993) revalida a S. griseiceps, para un taxón encontrado en Argentina que no vocaliza como S. "munda" ni como S. subcristata. Herzog y Mazar Barnett (2004) mencionan que el trabajo de Straneck (1993) posee problemas metodológicos, aseguran que los especímenes S. griseiceps de Berlioz (1959) representan a jóvenes de S. munda y los especímenes S. griseiceps de Straneck son aparentemente una especie críptica hasta ese momento no descripta de Serpophaga. Straneck (2007) describe una nueva especie denominada Serpophaga griseicapilla para los ejemplares "S. griseiceps de Straneck" y detalla que el error de los autores que insisten en que S. griseiceps son juveniles de S. munda proviene en que sus estudios solo se basan en pieles y no realizan análisis acústicos de las especies, por lo que aclara que se necesita este tipo de estudios de las poblaciones de Bolivia para exclarecer a S. griseiceps de Berlioz (1959). Además agrega que en el norte y oeste de Argentina se pudieron observar ejemplares de S. griseicapilla con muy poco amarillo ventral o simplemente blancos en la zona ventral y subcaudal. Siendo esto coincidente con lo que sucede con las subespecies de S. subcristata, mientras más árida es la zona, menos coloración poseen. 1 Comité Argentino de Registros Ornitológicos ESTADO ACTUAL En el Main List del South American Classification Committee (SACC) se encuentra presente como una especie válida con dos referencias: 18. Serpophaga munda is often considered a subspecies (e.g., Zimmer 1955, Traylor 1977<?>, 1979a, Straneck 1993) or morph (Short 1975) of S. subcristata, but see Olrog (1963) and Herzog (2001). 19. "Serpophaga griseiceps," known from four specimens from Bolivia, was formerly considered a valid species (e.g., Zimmer 1955, Meyer de Schauensee 1966, 1970). Traylor (1979) treated S. griseiceps as a synonym of S. munda; rationale, however, was not published. Straneck (1993) resurrected S. griseiceps as a valid species, but see Herzog & Barnett (2004), who concluded that "griseiceps" most likely represents the juvenal plumage of S. munda. See Hybrids and Dubious Taxa. Straneck (2007) described a new species, Serpophaga griseicapilla, for the taxon previously suspected to be S. "griseiceps." SACC aceptó la incorporación de S. griseicapilla, pero llamativamente, para el caso de S. munda solo se limitan a Herzog (2001), siendo que luego de eso se ha adicionado mucho más información relevante para el caso, y no hay un “SACC proposal needed” (Remsen et al., 2021). Vale descatar que Remsen tenía opinión encontrada con la de Straneck (Remsen y Traylor, 1989). Clements et al. (2019), consideran a munda como especie válida, siguiendo al SACC, taxonomía utilizada por eBird. Birds of the Word se encuentra en un estado “híbrido”, ya que heredó el contenido de “Handbook of the Birds of the World”, adquirido por The Cornell Lab of Ornithology, se enlazó con eBird pero sus taxonomías no coinciden, como tampoco las distribuciones geográficas de las especies justamente por las diferencias taxonómicas. En las fichas de las especies (por ejemplo, en Colaptes melanochloros) muestra el siguiente mensaje: “Editor's Note: This is a shorter format account, originally published in HBW Alive. Please consider contributing your expertise to update and expand this account. Taxonomic note: Lump. This account is a combination of multiple species accounts originally published in HBW Alive. That content has been combined and labeled here at the subspecies level. Moving forward we will create a more unified account for this parent taxon. Please consider contributing your expertise to update this account.”. Para el caso de S. munda, HBW no la consideraba como especie plena, pero ahora fue incorporada en Birds of the Word (Fitzpatrick, 2020). HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v5 consideran a munda como una subespecie de S. subcristata (Handbook of the Birds of the World and BirdLife International, 2020), citando como fuente taxonómica a del Hoyo et al. (2016). Narosky e Yzurieta (1987, 2003) consideraban a S. munda como una especie válida. Luego, Narosky e Yzurieta (2010) ya consideran a munda como subespecie de S. subcristata. Mazar Barnett y Pearman (2001), López-Lanús (2017), De la Peña (2020), y Pearman y Areta (2020) consideran a munda subespecie de S. subcristata. Pearman y Areta (2021) señalan intergradación entre ambas formas. 2 Comité Argentino de Registros Ornitológicos PROPUESTA Propongo quitar Serpophaga munda de la Lista de las Aves de la Argentina. BIBLIOGRAFÍA BERLEPSCH, H. V. 1893. DIAGNOSEN neuer südamerikanischer Vogelarten. Ornithol. Monats., 1: 11-12. BERLIOZ, J. 1959. Description de deux éspeces nouvelles d’oiseaux de Bolivie. Bull. du Mus. Nat. D’Hist. Nat., 3: 218-219. BÓ, N. A. 1969. Acerca de la afinidad de dos formas de Serpophaga (Aves, Tyrannidae). Neotropica, 15: 54-58. CLEMENTS, J. F., T. S. SCHULENBERG, M. J. ILIFF, S. M. BILLERMAN, T. A. FREDERICKS, B. L. SULLIVAN, AND C. L. WOOD. 2019. The eBird/Clements Checklist of Birds of the World: v2019. Downloaded from https://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/ DE LA PEÑA, M. R. 2020. Aves Argentinas: Descripción, Comportamiento, Reproducción y Distribución (ACTUALIZACIÓN). Tyrannidae. Comunicaciones del Museo Provincial de Ciencias Naturales “Florentino Ameghino” (Nueva Serie), 9: 1-441. DEL HOYO, J., N. J. COLLAR, D. A. CHRISTIE, A. ELLIOTT, L. D. C. FISHPOOL, P. BOESMAN AND G. M KIRWAN. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 2: Passerines. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK. FITZPATRICK, J. W. (2020). White-bellied Tyrannulet (Serpophaga munda), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (S. M. Billerman, B. K. Keeney, P. G. Rodewald, and T. S. Schulenberg, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.whbtyr2.01 HANDBOOK OF THE BIRDS OF THE WORLD AND BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL. 2020. Handbook of the Birds of the World and BirdLife International digital checklist of the birds of the world. Version 5. Available at: http://datazone.birdlife.org/userfiles/file/Species/Taxonomy/HBW- BirdLife_Checklist_v5_Dec20.zip. HERZOG, S. K. 2001. A re-evaluation of Straneck’s (1993) data on the taxonomic status of Serpophaga subcristata and Serpophaga munda (Passeriformes: Tyrannidae): Conspecifics or semiespecies. Bulletin of the British Ornithologist’s Club, 121: 273-277. HERZOG, S. K. Y J. MAZAR BARNETT. 2004. On the validity and confused identity of Serpophaga griseiceps Berlioz 1959 (Tyrannidae). Auk, 121(2): 415-421. LÓPEZ-LÁNUS, B. 2017. Guía Audiornis de las aves de Argentina, fotos y sonidos; identificación por características contrapuestas y marcas sobre imágenes. Segunda edición. Audiornis Producciones. Buenos Aires, Argentina. MAZAR BARNETT, J. Y M. PEARMAN. 2001. Lista comentada de las Aves Argentinas / Annotated checklist of the birds of Argentina. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. NAROSKY, T. Y D. YZURIETA. 1987. Guía para la identificación de Aves de Argentina y Uruguay. Asoc. Ornitológica del Plata. Buenos Aires. Argentina. NAROSKY, T. Y D. YZURIETA. 2003. Guía para la identificación de Aves de Argentina y Uruguay. Edición de 3 Comité Argentino de Registros Ornitológicos Oro. Vázquez Mazzini Editores. Buenos Aires. Argentina. NAROSKY, T. Y D. YZURIETA. 2010. Aves de Argentina y Uruguay – Birds of Argentina & Uruguay: Guía de Identificación Edición Total – A Field Guide Total Edition. 16a ed. 427 págs. Vázquez Mazzini Editores.
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