Commercialisation of Non-Timber Forest Products: Review and Analysis of Research Roderick P. Neumann and Eric Hirsch CIFOR CENTERFORINTERNATIONALFORESTRYRESEARCH © 2000 by Center for International Forestry Research All rights reserved. Published in November 2000 Printed by SMT Grafika Desa Putera, Indonesia ISBN 979-8764-51-X Cover photos: Brian Belcher Christian Cossalter Published by Center for International Forestry Research Bogor, Indonesia Mailing address: P.O. Box 6596 JKPWB, Jakarta 10065, Indonesia Te l.: +62 (251) 622622; Fax: +62 (251) 622100 E-mail:
[email protected] Web site: http://www.cifor.cgiar.org with support from Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00100 Rome, Italy Te l.: +39.0657051; Fax: +39.0657053152 Web site: http://www.fao.org Table of Contents Foreword vi Acknowledgements ix Chapter One: Introduction 1 Origins of this Study 5 Purpose and Scope 6 Methods 7 About the Literature 8 Organisation of the Work 12 Chapter Two: Socio-Political Aspects of NTFP Commercialisation 17 Land and Resource Tenure 17 Gender and NTFP Commercialisation 28 Poverty, Wealth Distribution and NTFP Commercialisation 33 Summary 42 Chapter Three: Economic Considerations in NTFP Extraction and Trade 45 Estimates of the Potential Value of NTFP Resources 46 Economics of Depletion and Sustainability 56 Marketing Networks: Structure and Function 63 Summary 74 Chapter Four: Management Issues for Commercial NTFPs 77 State-led Management of Commercial NTFPs 78 Customary Management of Commercial NTFPs