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Continue Sukarno read out the text of the Proclamation of Independence of the Republic of Indonesia, which was on Saiuchi Melik and signed Sukarno-Hatta Proclamation of Independence of Indonesia was held on Friday, August 17, 1945, or August 17, 2605 in accordance with the Japanese year, which was read by Sukarno accompanied by Dr. Mohammad Hutt placed in a grant house from Faraj bin Saeed bin Awadha Martak on Jalan Pegangsaan Timur No. 56, Central . The words and declarations of proclamation should balance Indonesia's interests and Japan's conflicting domestic interests at the time. The proclamation marked the beginning of diplomatic and armed resistance by the Indonesian National Revolution, which fought against Dutch forces and pro-Turkish civilians until the Netherlands formally recognized Indonesia's independence in 1949. In 2005, the Dutch announced that they had decided to de facto adopt 17 August 1945 as indonesia's independence date. However, on 14 September 2011, a Dutch court ruled in the Ravaged massacre that the Dutch were responsible for protecting their populations, which also indicates that the area is part of the , contrary to Indonesia's assertion of 17 August 1945 as its date of independence. In a 2013 interview, Indonesian historian Sukothyo, in particular, asked the Dutch government to formally recognize the date of independence on August 17, 1945. The United Nations recognized Indonesia's independence on 27 December 1949. The text of the Proclamation was signed by Sukarno (who wrote his name as Sukarno using the Dutch anthology) and by Mohammad Khatta, who was later appointed president and vice-president the day after the proclamation was read out. Independence Day became a national holiday by a government decree issued on June 18, 1946. Reference part of a series of articles on the prehistoric Javanese human timeline 1,000,000 BP Man 94000-12000 BP Natural Disaster Toba 75000 BP Culture Buni 400 BC Hindu-Buddhist Kingdom Kingdom 130-362 Kingdom 400-1635 Kingdom 450-10 700 Kendan Kingdom 536-702 Kalingga Kingdom 594-782 Indraprahasta Kingdom 598-747 Malay Kingdom 671-1375 Sriwij Kingdom 6 71-1183 662-1579 669-1482 Sumedang Kingdom Forbidden 721-1620 Medang Kingdom 752- 1045 Kanjuruhan Kingdom 800s Bali Kingdom 914-1908 Kingdom 1019-1045 Pajajaran Kingdom 1042-1482 Jangala Kingdom 1045-1136 Kadiri Kingdom 1045-1222 Lionsari Kingdom 1222-1292 Kingdom 1293-1500 Islamic Kingdom Spreading Islam 1200-1600 Aru Kingdom 1225-1613 Ternat Sultanate 1257-1914 Pasay Ocean Sultanate 1267-152 1 Goront Sultanate 1300-1878 Sultanate Gov 1300-1945 Pagaruiung Kingdom 1347-1833 Sultanate Brunei 1368-1888 1405-1511 Sultanate Sulu 1405-1851 Sultanate Chirebon 1445-1677 Sultanate Demak 1475-155 4 Kedatuan Giri 1487-1700s 1 496-1903 Banjar Sultanate 1526-1860 1526-1813 Sultanate Kalinjamat 1527-1599 Sultanate Johor 1528-11 877 Sultanate 1568-1586 1588-1681 Sultanate 1620-1958 Sultanate Sultanate 1674-1958 Kasepuhan Sultanate 1679-1815 Kano Sultanate 1679-1815 Kartasur Kasunanan 1680-1745 Sultanate Siak 1723-1945 Surakkarta Sunanate 1745-1946 Sultanate Yogyakarta 1755 -175 1945 Kacirebonan Sultanate 1808-1815 Delhi Sultanate 1814-1946 Lingga Sultanate 1824-1911 Kingdom Christian Kingdom 1515-1904 Siau Kingdom 1 510-1956 Kingdom Manado 1500-1670 Portuguese European colonialism 1512-1850 VO 1602-1800 French and British pause power 1806-1815 Dutch East India 1800-19421945-1950 Appearance of Indonesia National Awakening 1908-1942 Japanese Occupation 1942-1945 National Revolution 1945-1949 Independence of the Republic of Indonesia United States 1949-1950 Liberal Democracy 1950-1957 Democracy led 1957-1965 Transition 1965-1966 1966-1998 Reformation 1998- The Archaeological Military and Economic Currency Portal Indonesialbs august 6, 1945 atomic bomb was dropped over the city of Hiroshima by Japan by the United States, which began to degrade the morale of Japanese soldiers around the world. A day later, the Indonesian Agency for The Preparation for Independence BPUPKI (Japanese: abbreviated PPKI), renamed PPKI (Preparatory Committee for Indonesian Independence, Japan: abbreviated Dokuritsu Junbi Iinkai) to further reaffirm indonesia's commitment and goal of independence. On August 9, 1945, a second atomic bomb was dropped over Nagasaki, causing Japan to surrender to the United States and its allies. This point was also used by Indonesia to declare its independence. Sukarno, Khatta as leader of ppki and Radjiman Wedyodiningrat as former chairman of bpupki were taken to Dalat, 250 km northeast of Saigon, Vietnam, to meet with Marshal Terauchi. They were told that Japanese troops were on the verge of defeat and would grant independence to Indonesia. Meanwhile, in Indonesia, on 10 August 1945, Sutan Sahrir heard on the radio that Japan had surrendered to the Allies. Underground militants prepare to declare Independence of Indonesia and abandon as a Japanese gift. On August 12, 1945, Japan, through Marshal Terauti in Dalat, Vietnam, told Sukarno, Hutt and Radjiman that the Japanese government would soon grant Independence to Indonesia and the declaration of independence could be implemented within days, according to the PPKI team. However, Terauchi, Japan's supreme leader in Southeast Asia and the son of former Prime Minister Terauti Masatake, wanted a proclamation that took place on August 24, 1945. Two days later, when Sukarno, Hatta and Radjiman returned home from Dalat, Sutan Sahrir called on Sukarno to immediately declare independence because he viewed the outcome of the Dalat meeting as a Japanese ploy because Japan had surrendered to allies and avoided divisions within the nationalist stronghold, between anti- and pro-Japanese. Khatta told Sahriru about the outcome of the meeting in Dalat. Sukarno was not convinced that Japan had indeed surrendered, and Indonesia's declaration of independence at the time could lead to major bloodshed and could be fatal if Indonesian militants were not ready. Sukarno reminded Khatta that Sahir has no right to declare independence, as it is the right of the Indonesian Independence Preparatory Committee (PCCI). Meanwhile, Sahir considers PPKI a Japanese body, and the proclamation of independence of PPKI is only a gift from Japan. Japanese commanders listened to the terms of Japan's surrender on August 14, 1945, officially surrendering the Allies aboard the USS Missouri. The Japanese army and navy remained in power in Indonesia as Japan promised to return power in Indonesia to the Allied hands. Sutan Shahrir, Vikana, Darwish and Chaerul Saleh heard the news on BBC radio. After hearing rumors that Japan would bow, the young men called on the elderly to immediately declare Indonesia's independence. But the old don't want to rush. They don't want bloodshed during the proclamation. Consultations are also held in the form of a PPKI meeting. Young did not approve of the meeting, considering ppki is a body formed by Japan. They want independence for the efforts of our own country, not Japan. Sukarno and Khatta went to the Japanese military ruler (Gansea) for approval at his office in Coningsplein (Medan Merdeka). But the office is empty. Sukarno and Hatta, together with Sebarjo, went to the office of Bucanfu, Rear Admiral Maeda, to Jalan Medan Merdeku Utaru (Maeda House on Jalan Imam Bonjole 1). Maeda welcomed their arrival with congratulations on their success in Dalat. Asked if he had received confirmation and was still awaiting instructions from Tokyo. After Maeda, and Khatta immediately prepared a meeting of the Indonesian Independence Preparatory Committee (PCCI) at 10:00 on 16 August, the following day at Jalan Pejambanon's office No. 2, to discuss everything related to the preparation of the Declaration of Independence. The next day, the barrage of pressure that led to Indonesia's seizure of power intensified with youth from several factions. The PPKI meeting on August 16 at 10:00 a.m. did not take place because Sukarno and Khatta did not show up. Rengasdengklok Event Home article: Rengasdengklok Event Djiaw Kie Siong House in Rengasdengklok, Caravancarg served as the site of the kidnapping of Sukarno-Hatta. Young fighters including Chaerul Saleh, Sukunni and Wakana burned down after discussing Ibrahim's name datuk Tan Malaka joined the underground movement losing patience. In the early morning of August 16, 1945, together with Shodanko Singgih, a member of PETA, and other young people, they brought Sukarno (with Fatmawati and Guntur, who was only 9 months old) and Khatta to Rengasdengle, then known as rengasdklengok. The goals were scored by Ir Sukarno and Dr. Mo. Hatta was not affected by the Japanese. Here they again convinced Sukarno that the Japanese had surrendered and the fighters were ready to fight the Japanese, regardless of the risk. In Jakarta, young, Via and old Ahmad Sebardjo negotiated. Ahmad Cebarjo agreed to declare Indonesia's independence in Jakarta. Joseph Kunto then sent Ahmad Cebarjo to Rengasdenglock. They picked up I. Sukarno and Dr. Mo. Hutta returned to Jakarta. Ahmad Cebarjo managed to convince the young people not to rush to declare independence. When they arrived in Jakarta, they returned home. Given that the Des Indes Hotel (now a shopping complex in Harmony) cannot be used for meetings after 10 p.m., Rear Admiral Maeda's proposal to use his house (now the museum building formulates the text of the proclamation) as a ppki meeting place was accepted by Indonesian leaders. The meeting with Sukarno/Hatta with Major General Nishimura and Rear Admiral Maeda Malam, Sukarno and Hatta returned to Jakarta. Maj. Gen. Moytiro Yamamoto, Chief of Staff of the 16th (Army) Army, who became head of the Japanese military government (Gunseikan) in the Dutch East Indies, did not want to accept the fact that Sukarno-Hatta was accompanied by Tadashi Maeda, and ordered Maj. Gen. Otosi Nishimura, head of the General Affairs Department of the Japanese military government, to accept the arrival of the entourage. Nishimura noted that from noon on August 16, 1945, there was an order from Tokyo, quo, can not give permission to prepare the proclamation of independence of Indonesia, as promised by Marshal Terauchi in Dalat, Vietnam. Sukarno and Hutt regretted the decision and hinted at whether it was the attitude of an officer who sought Bushido, denying the promise of being beloved allies. Eventually, Sukarno-Hatta asked Nishimura not to interfere with Ppka's work, perhaps pretending not to know. Seeing the heated debate Maeda quietly leaves the room, being warned by Nishimura to obey the orders of Tokyo, and he learns as a Navy liaison officer (Kaigun) in the area of the army (Rikuguung) he has no authority to decide. The residence of Admiral Tadashi Maeda, the site of the proclamation. Since 1992, the building has been used as a museum. After leaving Nishimura's house, Sukarno-Hatta went to the house of Admiral Maeda (now Imam Bonjol No. 1) accompanied by Shunkihiro Miyoshi to hold a meeting to prepare the text of the Proclamation. After greeting Sukarno-Hatta, who was left arguing with Nishimura, Maeda went into his bedroom. The text of the proclamation was prepared by Sukarno, Mohammad Khatta and Ahmad Sebardjo, witnessed by Soekarni, B.M. Diah, Sudiro (Mbah) and Sauti Melik. The half-naked Miyoshi sat in the back seat listening to the text, but then there was a suggestion from Shigetada Nishida, as if he had interfered in the drafting of the proclamation and suggested that the transfer of power meant only administrative power. Karno claimed that the transfer of power meant the transfer of power. Hatta, Subardjo, B.M. Dia, Sukani, Sudiro and Sauthi Malik did nothing to justify Nishijima's claims, but in some quarters Nishiji's claims were still buzzing. After the concept was agreed upon, Saity copied and typed the manuscript with a typewriter taken from the office of a German Navy spokesman belonging to Major Dr. Herman Kandeler. Initially, the reading will be held in Ikada Square, but for security reasons were transferred to the residence of Sukarno, Jalan Pegangsaan Timur 56 35 (now Proclamation Street No. 1). The second reading of the text of the proclamation of the Tugu Proclamation on Jalan Proklamasi (formerly Jalan Peganzaan Timur), where the manuscript of the Genuine Proclamation was read on 17 August 1945, and negotiations between young and old people in the preparation of the text of the Indonesian Declaration of Independence took place from 2 a.m. to 4 a.m. The text of the proclamation was written in the dining room of Admiral Tadashi Maeda Jalan Imam Bonjol No. 1. The author of the proclamation text was Ir Sukarno, Dr. Mo. Hatta and Ahmad Soebarjo. The concept of the text of the proclamation was written by I. Sukarno himself. front room, present by B. M. Dia, Sauti Melik, Sukarni and Soediro. Sukkarni suggested that those who signed the proclamation were I. Sukarno and Dr. Mo. Hutta on behalf of the Indonesian people. The text of the Indonesian proclamation was on the Saiuti Melik. On the morning of August 17, 1945, Jalan Pegangsaan Timur 56, including Sevirjo, Vilopo, Gafar Pringgodigdo, Tabrani and Trimurti, was present at Sukarno's residence. The event began at 10:00 with the proclamation of reading Sukarno, followed by a short speech without text. Then a red-and-white flag was raised, which was sewn by Ms. Fatmawati, followed by a speech by Sovirjo, the deputy mayor of Jakarta at the time, and Movardi, the leader of the Barizan peloponor. Raising the flag on August 17, 1945. At first, Trimurti was asked to raise the flag, but he refused on the grounds that the flag should be braking. Therefore, Latif Hendraningrat, a PETA soldier, has been appointed with the assistance of Soehoed for this task. A young man emerges from behind with a tray of red and white flag (San Saka Mera Putih) sewn by Fatmawati a few days earlier. After the flag was flying, the audience sang the song Indonesia Raya. To this day, the heritage flag is kept in the National Monument. After the ceremony, about 100 members of the Pioneer Line led by S. Brat rushed because they were unaware of the sudden change of venue with Ikada in Pegansaan. They demanded that Sukarno repeat reading the Proclamation, but it was rejected. Finally, Hutt gave them a brief mandate. The Indonesian flag was raised on August 17, 1945. On 18 August 1945, the Indonesian Independence Preparatory Committee (PCCI) decided, ratified and established the Constitution as the foundation of the Republic of Indonesia, then known as Constitution 45. Thus, the Government of the unitary State of Indonesia is formed in the form of the Republic (NCRI) with sovereignty in the hands of the people, fully held by the People's Assembly (NEC), to be formed at a later date. Sukarno and Mohammad Khatta were then elected at the suggestion of Otto Iskandardrandata and the confirmation of Ppka as the first President and Vice-President of the Republic of Indonesia. The President and Vice-President will be assisted by the National Committee. The contents of the text of the proclamation The main article: The text of the proclamation Text of the Proclamation or proclamation of the Klad, which is located in the National Monument of the Proclamation Text or Proclamation of the Klad is the original manuscript, which itself is written by I. Soekarno as the registrar, and is the result of a project (essay) by Dr. Mohammad Khatta and Raden Sokhmad. As for the formulation Indonesia's independence consisted of Tadashi Maeda, Tomegoro Yoshizumi, S. Nishizima, S. Miyoshi, Mohammad Hutta, Sukarno and Ahmad Sebarjo. The young people outside asked that the text of the proclamation be loud. But Japan will not allow it. Some of the necessary words are surrender, favorite, presented, or grab. Finally, the transfer of power is elected. After they were formulated and read out in the Japanese House, the contents of the proclamation were broadcast on Japanese radio. Here's the content of the proclamation: Our proclamation of the Indonesian nation here inite Indonesia's independence. Things about the transfer of d.l.l., organized carefully and in no time. Jakarta, 17 - 8 - '05 Wakil2 Indonesian nation. The text of Clade's proclamation was left alone and even briefly got into the trash in the house of Rear Admiral Tadashi Maeda. B.M. Diach saved this historical manuscript from debris and kept it for 46 years 9 months 19 days until it was handed over to President Suharto in Bina Graha on 29 May 1992. The new manuscript, after the change in the text of the original manuscript of the Proclamation, placed on the National Monument, the text of the altered manuscript of the Proclamation, known as the True Proclamation, was the result of the sing of Mohamad IbnU Sayuti Melik (a young figure involved in the preparation of the Proclamation), the contents of which are: P R O L L L A. Jakarta, day 17 boelan 8 tahoen 05 On behalf of the Indonesian nation. Sukarno/Hatta. (Description: The year in both texts of the Proclamation above (both in the text of the Clavd Proclamation and in the text of the manuscript of the Genuine Proclamation) is written the number of year 05, which is a reduction from the number 2605, because the year of the date used during the Japanese military occupation government at that time in accordance with the date of the year that prevailed in Japan, which was then 2605.) The difference between the text of the Klade Proclamation and the original text of the Proclamation is listed in the denominated 100,000 rupees. In the text of the manuscript, the Original Proclamation has undergone several changes as follows: the word Proclamation has been changed to P R O K L A M S I, The word Hal2 was changed to Things, the word period was changed to tempo, the word Jakarta, 17 - 8 - '05 was changed to Jakarta, day 17 boelan 8 tahoen 05, the word Wakil2 bangsa Indonesia was changed on behalf of the Indonesian people, the contents of the text of the proclamation Klav originally written from the hand of I. Sukarno as the registrar, and are the result of the draft (essay) Dr. Mohammad Khatta and Raden Ahmad Sebarjo Jojoadisoerjo. While the contents of the manuscript of the Genuine Proclamation are the result of a report by Mohamad IbnU Sauthi Melik (a young man involved in the preparation of the Proclamation), the text of the Proclamation of Clade is not signed, while the manuscript of the True Proclamation was signed by I. Sukarno and Dr. Mohammad Hutta. What's the best movie you've ever seen? See the media report. The first reading of the text of the Genuine Proclamation by I. Sukarno was in Jalan Peganzaan Timur No 56 - Central Jakarta, August 17, 1945 (whose day was marked as Indonesia's National Independence Day), at 11:30 a.m. Nippon time (a term for the Japanese state at the time). Nippon time was the benchmark time zone used during the Japanese military occupation government at the time. However, please note that while the text of the Proclamation manuscript was read by Karno, at the time no one was recording sound or video, everything that existed was photo documentation. The original voice of I. Sukarno while reading the text of the Proclamation, which we often hear today, is not the sound recorded on August 17, 1945, but the original voice of Sukarno, recorded in 1951 in the studio of Radio Republic of Indonesia (RRI), which is currently located in Jalan Medeke Barat 4-5 - Central Jakarta. Documentation in the form of the original recording of the text of the Karno Proclamation can be implemented thanks to the initiative of rri co-founder Jusuf Ronodipuru. The text of the declaration of independence of the Republic of Indonesia is the text of the speech of the Proclamation of Independence of Indonesia. Brothers, I have asked you to be here to witness one of the most important events in our history. For decades, we Indonesians have been Angangs, for the independence of our homeland has been even hundreds of years! The wave of our actions to achieve our independence is up and down, but our souls are still moving towards our ideals. Moreover, in Japan's time, our efforts to achieve national independence continue. In this Japanese era, it seems that we rely on them, but in fact, we still make up our own energy, but we believe in our own power. Now comes the time when we really take into our own hands the attitude of the fate of the people and the fate of our Motherland. Only a nation that dares to take destiny into its own hands can be strong. So last night we had discussions with Indonesian leaders from all over Indonesia. It's a good place to be. argue that now is the time to declare our independence. Lord! Thus, we express that resolve. Listen to our proclamation: P R O K L A M A S I Indonesians here her declare Indonesian independence. Things that are about the transfer of power and others are organized in a careful way and at the shortest pace. Jakarta, 17 August 1945 on behalf of the Indonesian people. Sukarno/Hatta. Those are the brothers! Now we're free! There is no longer a connection that binds our homeland and our people! From now on, we are building our country! Independent state, Republic of Indonesia! Free, eternal, eternal! God bless our freedom. The dissemination of the text of the proclamation of Indonesian territory is extensive. Communication and transport around 1945 are still very limited. In addition, barriers and prohibitions on the dissemination of information on the proclamation of Japanese forces in Indonesia are a number of factors that delay news of the proclamation in a number of areas, especially outside . But with determination and passion for the fight, in the end the proclamation of the event was known to all Indonesians. More information follows the discussion below. The spread of independence on 17 August 1945 in the Jakarta area can be made quickly and immediately widespread. On the same day, the text of the proclamation reached the chief radio host of the Domay (now antar) Vaydan B. Paleneven. He received the text of the appeal from a Domei journalist named Sahruddin. He then ordered F. was (the marcher), to proclaim the news to be broadcast three times in a row. Only twice F. in anger entered the radio room, knowing that the news of the proclamation was broadcast on air. Despite the fact that the Japanese ordered to stop broadcasting the news, Vaidan Palenwen continued to ask F. to continue broadcasting. The news of the declaration of independence is repeated every half hour until 16:00, when the broadcast stops. As a result of the broadcast, the japanese army leadership in Java ordered the news to be corrected and declared it a mistake. On August 20, 1945, the transmitter was sealed by Japan and its employees were barred from entering. Although the transmitters in Domay's office were sealed, young people from Jusuf Ronodipuro (a newsreader on Domei radio) appeared to create new transmitters using radio technicians, among them Sukarman, Sutamto, Susilahardja, and Suhandar. They created a new transmitter on Menteng 31, with a DJK 1 call code. News of the declaration of independence is broadcast here. Graffiti reads: Freedom is ours Indonesia, independence or death!! The efforts and struggle of young people to disseminate information declarations are also carried out through the press and leaflets. Almost all day in Java, its publication on August 20, 1945 contained news of the declaration of independence and the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. Harian Suara Asia in Surabaya was the first newspaper to contain news of the proclamation. Some of the young men who have struggled through the press include B. M. Dia, Saity Melik, and Sumanang. The declaration of independence was also extended to the people of Indonesia by the installation of posters, posters and graffiti on the walls and railway carriages, for example, with the slogan Respect for Our Constitution, 17 August!!! (Honour of Our Constitution, August 17!!!). Through these different ways and the media finally news of Indonesia's declaration of independence can be widely disseminated in Indonesia and abroad. Despite the use of many media and media, until 2005 the Dutch, as Indonesian invaders, did not recognize Indonesia's independence in 1945 (de facto) and in 1949, on 27 December, as recognized by the United Nations (de Jure), because they claimed that in 1945 power in Indonesia was transferred to the Allies rather than liberated by the Japanese. In addition, through the media, the proclamation of news was also distributed directly to regional envoys who attended the ppki session. Here are the PPKI envoys who helped spread the news of the proclamation: Teuku Mohammad Hassan of Aceh, Sam Ratulangi from , Ketut Puja from Sunda Kesil (Bali), A. A. Hamidan from . Independence Day Celebration Home article: Independence Day republic of Indonesia Raising the flag of San Saka Mera Putih on every August 17th anniversary at the Palace of Merdeka Every year august 17, Indonesians celebrate this Proclamation of Independence Day with great fanfare. Various competitions have been presented, ranging from betel nut climbing competition, cracker to competition, to military ceremony at Merdeka Palace, and the whole community participated in its own way. Celebration of the proclamation of the seconds See also: Salute to the flag Celebration of the proclamation of seconds at the Palace of Merdeka led by the President of the Republic of Indonesia as a ceremonial inspector. The ceremony began around 10:00 WIB to mark the beginning of the Proclamation ceremony in 1945. Commemorative ceremonies are usually broadcast live by all Indonesian national television stations. Morning events include: firing cannons and sirens, raising the flag of Red and White Saki (Indonesian flag), reading the text of the Proclamation and so on. In the afternoon at 17:00 there will be an event on the fall of the flag of red and white saks. Obligation to fly under the flag of the Republic Act No 24 from 2009 on the flag, language and coat of arms of the state Paragraph 3 of the hymn regulates the duty to raise the red-and-white flag for every citizen who has the right to use his home, office building, training unit, public transport and private transport in the NCRI region, as well as the office of the Indonesian diplomatic representative abroad on 17 August. See also the period leading up to the independence of the Republic of Indonesia, the Netherlands' recognition of the date of Indonesian independence by the Dutch text of the proclamation of the Reference Proclamation - Gouda, Francis (2002). 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Reed 1974, page 30. a b Basyral Hamidy Harahap, Daily Issue of Kompas August 16, 2001 - Facts about the text of the Proclamation of the Republic of Indonesia - Alvi Shihab, queen betawi of the East p. 42 - Pratama, Sandy Indra (August 17, 2015). The story of Jusuf and the burning of the costume Soekarno. CNN Indonesia. Received on August 17, 2019. Free translation of Kahin, George McT. Indonesia's Proclamation of Independence. Indonesian. 69 (69): 1–3. doi:10.2307/3351273. hdl:1813/54189. ISSN 0019-7289. JSTOR 3351273. Anderson, Benedict (2006). Java during the revolution: occupation and resistance,1944-1946. Indonesia: Equinox Publishing. page 84. Recognition un (de jure) - Red and white should be flown in every home on Independence Day Further reading Anderson, Ben (1972). Java during the revolution: occupation and resistance, 1944-1946. Ithaca, New York:: Cornell University Press. ISBN 0-8014-0687-0. Inomata, Aiko Kurasawa (1997). Indonesia Merdeka Selekasnia: Preparing for independence in the last days of the Japanese occupation. In Abdullah, Tawfiq. The heartbeat of the Indonesian revolution. PT Gramedia Pustaka Utam. 97-113. ISBN 979-605-723-9. Kahin, George McTournan (1961) Nationalism and revolution in Indonesia. Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press. Ralie, Osman (1953). Documenta Historica: Documentary on the Growth and Incarnation of the Republic of Indonesia (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Bulein Bintag. Cs1 mains: Unknown Language (link) Rickliffs, M.C. (2008) (1981). History of Modern Indonesia Since 1300 (4th edition). London: Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-230-54685-1. Sukarno-Hatta Institute, 1984 Birth story of the Constitution of 1945 and Pankasila, Inti Inai Press, Jakarta, page 19 of the General Directorate of Culture of the Ministry of Education and Culture, 1991:52-53. Wikisource's external links have the source code associated with this article: Sukarno in indonesia's declaration of independence (Indonesia) Myths and realities in the run-up to the proclamation of No YouTube.com (UK) UN Recognition of the independence of sovereign states derived from ringkasan sejarah kemerdekaan indonesia pdf. ringkasan sejarah proklamasi kemerdekaan indonesia. ringkasan sejarah singkat proklamasi kemerdekaan indonesia. ringkasan sejarah perjuangan kemerdekaan indonesia. ringkasan tentang sejarah kemerdekaan indonesia

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