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ANAL CLEANSING: Lack of Materials Contributes to Disease, Shame, Confusion Questions
ANAL CLEANSING: Lack of materials contributes to disease, shame, confusion Questions Without proper materials for anal cleansing, students desires to wipe and to wash their hands after wiping. and their classmates are at increased risk of acquiring “Sometimes there is feces left on you and your hands diarrheal diseases through hand contamination. The and, say, you have bought doughnuts and shared lack of such materials at schools is a concern. Further- them with someone and then he will eat your dirt… more, latrines can be quickly filled if inadequate mate- and then he is sick and then you feel bad,” said a rials (such as rocks or corncobs) are used by students. grade 7 male from Kamunda. To better understand how anal cleansing can be ef- fectively communicated, SWASH+ researchers wanted Perceived personal risk of disease or illness was men- to know three things: tioned near the end of discussions as a reason to • How do students feel about anal cleansing? clean properly. Cholera was the illness mentioned first, • What materials are best for anal cleansing? and, followed by dysentery, typhoid and nyach (a term for • How much do students know about this area? any STI excluding HIV/AIDS). Emotional factors that motivate students to wipe in- Research clude a desire to avoid shame due to soiled clothing or smelliness. Students also mentioned that ineffective Since 2007, the SWASH+ program has been conduct- cleansing inhibits concentration. “When you smell, you ing research in rural Nyanza Province, Kenya, to assess cannot focus in class,” said a grade 7 female from the impact, sustainability, and scalability of a school- Bunde. -
A Semantic Look at Feminine Sex and Gender Terms
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by The Australian National University A SEMANTIC LOOK AT FEMININE SEX AND GENDER TERMS IN PHILIPPINE GAY LINGO Cynthia Grace B. Suguitan University of the Philippines [email protected] [email protected] Gayspeak, like any other language, is constantly changing. But unlike other languages, words and terms in this colorful tongue undergo change so quickly that it would be impossible to come up with a dictionary of the language that wouldn’t become obsolete within a matter of months, weeks, or even days. In spite of this, there is a thread that holds this language together, and that is freedom, freedom from the rules and dictates of society. Murphy Red, in his article Gayspeak in the Nineties, gives a background on this vibrant language in the Philippines: The centuries-old bigotry against homosexuals…exiled [them] away from the mainstream. On the margins gays saw, though only through rose-tinted glasses, a semblance of freedom in terms of self- expression. Even in their language, the gays observed no rules at all. Thus blossomed a language that some gay activists even found to be an effective code in front of the “enemies.” (1996: 41) According to Montgomery’s An Introduction to Language and Society, anti- languages are “extreme versions of social dialects” which tend to “arise among 1 subcultures and groups that occupy a marginal or precarious position in society… (1995: 96).” Given this definition, gay lingo is an anti-language. Or at least it used to be. -
Mcsporran, Cathy (2007) Letting the Winter In: Myth Revision and the Winter Solstice in Fantasy Fiction
McSporran, Cathy (2007) Letting the winter in: myth revision and the winter solstice in fantasy fiction. PhD thesis http://theses.gla.ac.uk/5812/ Copyright and moral rights for this thesis are retained by the author A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the Author The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the Author When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given Glasgow Theses Service http://theses.gla.ac.uk/ [email protected] Letting the Winter In: Myth Revision and the Winter Solstice in Fantasy Fiction Cathy McSporran Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of English Literature, University of Glasgow Submitted October 2007 @ Cathy McSporran 2007 Abstract Letting the Winter In: Myth-Revision and the Winter Solstice in Fantasy Fiction This is a Creative Writing thesis, which incorporates both critical writing and my own novel, Cold City. The thesis explores 'myth-revision' in selected works of Fantasy fiction. Myth- revision is defined as the retelling of traditional legends, folk-tales and other familiar stories in such as way as to change the story's implied ideology. (For example, Angela Carter's 'The Company of Wolves' revises 'Red Riding Hood' into a feminist tale of female sexuality and empowerment.) Myth-revision, the thesis argues, has become a significant trend in Fantasy fiction in the last three decades, and is notable in the works of Terry Pratchett, Neil Gaiman and Philip Pullman. -
Strategic Approach for Prioritising Local and Regional Sanitation Interventions for Reducing Global Antibiotic Resistance
water Article Strategic Approach for Prioritising Local and Regional Sanitation Interventions for Reducing Global Antibiotic Resistance David W. Graham *, Myra J. Giesen and Joshua T. Bunce School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK; [email protected] (M.J.G.); [email protected] (J.T.B.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +44-191-208-7930 Received: 23 November 2018; Accepted: 18 December 2018; Published: 24 December 2018 Abstract: Globally increasing antibiotic resistance (AR) will only be reversed through a suite of multidisciplinary actions (One Health), including more prudent antibiotic use and improved sanitation on international scales. Relative to sanitation, advanced technologies exist that reduce AR in waste releases, but such technologies are expensive, and a strategic approach is needed to prioritize more affordable mitigation options, especially for Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs). Such an approach is proposed here, which overlays the incremental cost of different sanitation options and their relative benefit in reducing AR, ultimately suggesting the “next-most-economic” options for different locations. When considering AR gene fate versus intervention costs, reducing open defecation (OD) and increasing decentralized secondary wastewater treatment, with condominial sewers, will probably have the greatest impact on reducing AR, for the least expense. However, the best option for a given country depends on the existing sewerage infrastructure. Using Southeast Asia as a case study and World Bank/WHO/UNICEF data, the approach suggests that Cambodia and East Timor should target reducing OD as a national priority. In contrast, increasing decentralized secondary treatment is well suited to Thailand, Vietnam and rural Malaysia. -
DOCTORAL THESIS Carrying Queerness Queerness, Performance
DOCTORAL THESIS Carrying Queerness Queerness, Performance and the Archive Hunt, Raymond Justin Award date: 2013 General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 01. Oct. 2021 Carrying Queerness: Queerness, Performance and the Archive by Raymond Justin Hunt, BA, MA A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of PhD Department of Drama, Theatre and Performance University of Roehampton 2013 ABSTRACT This dissertation responds to the archival turn in critical theory by examining a relation between queerness, performance and the archive. In it I explore institutional archives and the metaphors of the archive as it operates in the academy, while focusing particularly on the way in which queerness may come to be archived. Throughout I use the analytic of performance. This work builds on and extends from crucial work in Queer studies, Performance Studies and Archival Studies. -
A Community Based Program Promotes Sanitation
DISCUSSION PAPER SERIES IZA DP No. 11446 A Community Based Program Promotes Sanitation María Laura Alzúa Habiba Djebbari Amy J. Pickering MARCH 2018 DISCUSSION PAPER SERIES IZA DP No. 11446 A Community Based Program Promotes Sanitation María Laura Alzúa CEDLAS-FCE-Universidad Nacional de la Plata, CONICET Habiba Djebbari Aix Marseille University (AMSE), EHESS, CNRS and IZA Amy J. Pickering Tufts University MARCH 2018 Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and not those of IZA. Research published in this series may include views on policy, but IZA takes no institutional policy positions. The IZA research network is committed to the IZA Guiding Principles of Research Integrity. The IZA Institute of Labor Economics is an independent economic research institute that conducts research in labor economics and offers evidence-based policy advice on labor market issues. Supported by the Deutsche Post Foundation, IZA runs the world’s largest network of economists, whose research aims to provide answers to the global labor market challenges of our time. Our key objective is to build bridges between academic research, policymakers and society. IZA Discussion Papers often represent preliminary work and are circulated to encourage discussion. Citation of such a paper should account for its provisional character. A revised version may be available directly from the author. IZA – Institute of Labor Economics Schaumburg-Lippe-Straße 5–9 Phone: +49-228-3894-0 53113 Bonn, Germany Email: [email protected] www.iza.org IZA DP No. 11446 MARCH 2018 ABSTRACT A Community Based Program Promotes Sanitation* Basic sanitation facilities are still lacking in large parts of the developing world, engendering serious environmental health risks. -
User's Manual for More [CAUTION] Information on the Exact Procedure
User’s Manual SATIS S DV-S618 type, DV-S618P type ■ Be Sure To Read This This product is designed so that people such as Safety Precautions …………………………………………………………………………… 1 ■ Precautions To Prevent Failure elderly persons, persons with limited mobility, Handling Precautions ………………………………………………………………………… 6 ■ Please Read This First persons with illnesses, and children can use it SATIS Features ……………………………………………………………………………… 7 PPreparation and Checks Before Use ① Open the Water Shutoff Valve ……………… 8 without assistance. ② Connect the Power …………………………… 8 ③ Press the【 Flush Full】 Button or Press the Flush Button on the Toilet Body … 10 To ensure proper usage of this product, ④ Operate the Shower…………………………… 10 ⑤ Adjust the Seat Temperature ………………… 11 please read this “User’s Manual” ⑥ Adjust the Clock ……………………………… 12 Functions ……………………………………………………………………………………… 13 before using this product. ■ Operation General Operation ① Standing in front of the toilet bowl automatically opens the toilet lid … 15 ② Auto Deodorizing Function …………………… 15 ③ Front and Rear Washing ……………………… 16 ④ Warm Air Dryer ………………………………… 18 ⑤ Flushing the Toilet …………………………… 19 ⑥ Auto Close Function ………………………… 20 Useful Functions Plasmacluster Function ………………………… 21 Power Save ……………………………………… 23 Illuminating the Base of the Toilet/Warming the Room … 24 Listening to Music with the【 Music】 Function … 25 Comfort Features ………………………………… 27 ■ Useful Information Other References …………………………………………………………………………… 29 If You Have These Problems ……………………………………………………………… 31 Flushing the Toilet -
Fall 1982 2 from the President
PARTICIPANT Table of Contents The Pitzer College magazine, Fall 1982 2 From the President 2 From the Editor The Pitzer Participant (USPS 970-280) is 3 Pitzer on the Population published quarterly by Pitzer College, Studies and Public Health lOSO N. Mills Avenue, Claremont, Ca. 917ll. Second class permit granted by Map Claremont, Ca. 91711. by Joanne Siegmann '79 Volume 17, Number I, Fall 1982 with assistance from Ann Stromberg Editor: Katharine M. Morsberger Staff Photographer: Sue Keith 6 Technology, Politics, and Design: Shields / Stoddard Society in China Cover: Brad Kadel '82 (right) and by Rudi Volti Terry Schuler, Director of Personnel Relations at Avery On Confronting the labels, confer a moment about 7 an aspect of production. Meaning of Human Photo: Sue Keith Meaning Photographers: George Adams, by Glenn Goodwin Shireen Alafi '76, Sue Keith, John Kruissink, Kathryn Lamb '78, 8 Organizational Studies: Agnes Lawson, Arthur Mathern, Linda Mooser, Robert E. Morsberger, Internships: Students in the Bob Penn '78, Glenn Potts, Workplace Saul Schuster, Wesley Tanimura '85, Toru Yamazoe by Anne Lieberman '83 10 New Resources: Earning a Degree While on the Job II Management Seminar: Business Comes to Campus I2 Five-Year Program: Pitzer B.A., CGS M.A. 16 From the Trustees 13 A Brief Social History of Conjuring by Peter M. Nardi IS Pitzer Profiles: Inge Bell by Laud Humphreys Homer Garcia by Martha Quintana '83 17 From the Alumni 17 At Pitzer 18 Beyond Pitzer From the From the President Editor In the following pages, you will learn more about some of these inter ests in a large measure through the CCASIONALLY, I encounter HEN PREPARING this issue on wo;ds of a number of Pitzer's graduates O someone who wonders how Pitzer W sociology and organizatio~al College can be both a liberal arts college in sociology and organization~ studies, studies, your editor began to feel hke an interdisciplinary concentratIOn. -
Reaching the Last Mile Innovative Business Models for Inclusive Development Public Disclosure Authorized Editors Elaine Tinsley and Natalia Agapitova
Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Reaching the Last Mile Innovative Business Models for Inclusive Development Public Disclosure Authorized Editors Elaine Tinsley and Natalia Agapitova Reaching the Last Mile Social Enterprise Business Models for Inclusive Development Editors Elaine Tinsley and Natalia Agapitova © Copyright March 2018 The World Bank 1818 H Street, NW Washington, D.C. 20433 All rights reserved Photos: cover-bottom middle (Anvar Ilyasov/World Bank); p. 4, cover-top middle (AishaFaquir/ World Bank); p. 17 (egwestcentre.com); p. 32 (Text2Teach); p. 34, cover-bottom left (Jonathan Ernst/World Bank); p. 70 (ABBAS Farzami-Runi Consultancy/World Bank); p. 71 (Huong Lan Vu/World Bank); p. 86 (Trevor Samson/World Bank); p. 87 (Merck for Mothers); p. 100 (Arogya Triage@Home); p. 103, 182 (Living Goods); p. 121 (thebetterindia.com); p. 134 (LV Prasad Eye Institute); p. 137 (salaUno); p. 148 (Dominic Chavez/World Bank); p. 149 (AFRIpads); p. 163 (Jayashree Industries); p. 167 (Elmvh/Wikimedia Commons); p. 185 (ABN AMRO); p. 188 (Dana Smillie/World Bank); p. 189 (www.thinkindia.net.in); p. 200 (Mobisol); p. 204 (Onergy India); p. 217 (Devergy); p. 222, cover-top left (Graham Crouch/ World Bank); p. 223 (Allison Kweseli/World Bank); pp. 225, 238 (Ghana Wash Project); pp. 235, 265 (Safe Water Network India); p. 240, cover-bottom right (Curt Carnemark/ World Bank); pp. 241, 255 (Sanergy); p. 252 (Clean Team Ghana); p. 258 (Fresh Life); p. 259 (Almin Zrno/World Bank); p. 261 (WeCyclers); p. 286 (Farhana Asnap/World Bank); p. 287 (Simgas); p. 314 (Peter Kapuscinski/World Bank); p. -
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Sustainable Sanitation – a Case Study in Yasmine and Awda Informal Settlements (Lebanon)
Master's Thesis 2019 30 ECTS Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management Sustainable sanitation – A case study in Yasmine and Awda informal settlements (Lebanon) Elisa Winger Eggen Master of Science in Water and Environmental Technology (M-VM) PREFACE This MSc thesis is my final work of the Master of Science in Water- and Environmental Technology at Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU). The research is based on fieldwork undertaken from the 27th of January until the 3rd of March 2019 in Bekaa Valley, Bar Elias, Lebanon, aimed to find sustainable sanitation solutions in two refugee camps. The study has been carried out in close collaboration with Norwegian Church Aid (NCA), International Orthodox Christian Charities (IOCC) and Multiconsult. My motivation for this thesis was based on a desire to choose a research topic that could be meaningful for others, and my interest in water and sanitation in developing countries. I sincerely hope this will contribute to improvements and implementation of a holistic sanitation system which will benefit the people in the studied camps. Ås, May 14th, 2019 Elisa Winger Eggen I II ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Working on this thesis has been exciting, challenging and educational. There is a lot of effort invested in the final version of the thesis, and the learning process to this point has been invaluable. Many have contributed to this work, whom I will like to thank; First and foremost, my deepest gratitude goes to my main supervisor, Professor Petter D. Jenssen, for his enormous inspiration, engagement, valuable feedback and support along the way. I would also like to thank Tor Valla (Multiconsult), Ioannis Georgiadis (NCA) and Manfred Arlt (NCA) for introducing me to this project in Lebanese refugee camps, where my education would be relevant and applied in practice. -
Guide to Sanitation Resource Recovery Products & Technologies
Guide to Sanitation Resource Recovery Products & Technologies A supplement to the Compendium of Sanitation Systems and Technologies 1st Edition Guide to Sanitation Resource Recovery Products & Technologies A supplement to the Compendium of Sanitation Systems and Technologies Jennifer McConville, Charles Niwagaba, Annika Nordin, Marcus Ahlström, Vivian Namboozo and Mark Kiffe We would like to thank the following individuals and their organisations/ institutions for their invaluable contributions to this publication: Allan Komakech (Makerere University), Åke Nordberg (SLU), Amadou Gueye (Delvic Sanitation Initiatives), Arne Panesar (GIZ), Barbara Jeanne Ward (Eawag), Bastian Etter (VUNA), Björn Vinnerås (SLU), Christian Zurbrügg (Eawag/SLU), Christoph Lüthi (Eawag), Cecilia Lalander (SLU), Daniel Ddiba (SEI), Dorothee Sphuler (Eawag), Ebenezer Soh Kengne (University of Bamenda), Elhadji Mamadou Sonko (Cheikh Anta Diop University), Elisabeth Kvarnström (RISE), Ershad Ulla Khan (SLU), Eva Thorin (Mälardalen University), Grietje Zeeman (Wageningen University & Research), Håkan Jönsson (SLU), Jenna Senecal (SLU), Kim Andersson (SEI), Linda Strande (Eawag), Linus Dagerskog (SEI), Luis Perez Mercado (SLU), Lukas Ulrich (Eawag), Madeleine Fogde (SEI), Melissa A. Barton, Naomi Korir (Sanivation), Peter Morgan, Priscila de Morais Lima (SLU), Prithvi Simha (SLU), Robert Gensch (German Toilet Organisation), and Sahar Dalahmeh (Uppsala University). We would like to acknowledge support from: The Swedish Research Council (grant number: 2016-06297) and