6189 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE JUNE 6 H. J. Res. 253. Joint resolution to permit operate a toll bridge across the Mississippi PETITIONS, ETC. articles imported from foreign countries for River at or near said city to the, Committee Under clause 1 ·of rule XXII, petitions the purposes of i;i~hibition at the Japanese on Public Works. . Trade Fair, Seattle, Wash., to be admitted By Mr. MURRAY of Tennessee.: , and papers were laid on the Clerk's desk without payment of tariff, and for other H. R. 4333. A bill to modify and extend the and referred as follows: purposes. authority of the Postmaster General to lease 307. By Mr. SMITH of Wisconsin: Reso­ ADJOURNMENT quarters for post-office purposes; to the Com­ lution of the Wisconsin division of the mittee on Post Office and Civil Service. Travelers Protective Assoeiation of Amer­ f ' Mr. PRIEST. Mr. Speaker, I move By Mrs. ST. GEORGE: ica to petition Congress to withhold approv­ that the House do now adjourn. H. R. 4334. A bill to authorize the renewal al of any gasoline-tax increase, since mem­ ; The motion was agreed to; accordingly at increased rates of existing contracts for bers of this organization depend heavily ' (at 3 o'clock and 32 minutes p. m.) the mail-messenger service; to the Committee upon automobile transportation in earn­ House adjourned until tomorrow, June on Post Office and Civil Service. ing their livelihood; to the Committee on 6, 1951, at 12 o'clock noon. By Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN: Ways and Means. H. R. 4335. A bill to continue for a tem­ 308. By the SPEAKER: Petition of the porary period certain powers, authority, and Municipal Finance Officers Association of . EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATIONS, ETC. discretion for the purpose of exercising, ad­ the United States and Canada, Chicago, ministering, and enforcing import controls. Ill., relative to bonds · and the taxation ' Onder clause 2 of rule XXIV, executive with respect to fats and oils (including but­ thereon and requesting rejection of the communications were taken from the ter), cheese, and rice and i:ice products; to recommendation of the Secretary of the Speaker's table and referred as follows: the Committee on Banking and Currency. Treasury; to the Committee on Ways and - . 502. A letter from the Secretary, War Con­ By Mr. KEARNEY: Means . tracts Price Adjustment Board, t ransmitting . H. R. 4336. A bill to provide additional the final report of the War Contracts Price compensation on account of dependents for Adjustment Board; to the Committee on veterans with a service-connected loss or loss Ways and Means. of use of a foot, or blindness of one eye; to HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 503. A letter from the Assistant Secretary the Committee on Veterans' Affairs. of the Interior, transmitting a copy of Public By Mr. VINSON: WEDNESDAY, JUNE 6, 1951 Law .6 enacted by the First Guam Legislature, H. R. 4337. A bill to authorize certain ease­ pursuant to section 19 of Public Law 630, ment, land, and other property transactions, The House met at 12 o'clock noon, Eighty-first Congress, the Organic Act for and for other purposes; to the Committee on and was called to order by the Speaker Guam; to the Committee on Interior and Armed Services. pro tempore, Mr. McCORMACK. Insular Affairs. By Mr. BOGGS of Delaware: Dr. Edward Gardiner Latch, minis­ 504. A letter from the Secretary of the H. R. 4338. A bill to extend the time for ter, Metropolitan Memorial Methodist Interior, transmitting copies of certain reso­ completing the construction of a . toll bridge lutions adopted by the Legislature of Hawaii across the Delaware River near Wilmington, Church, Washington, D. C., offered the during its ·recent session; to the Committee Del.; to the Committee on Public Works. following prayer: 0 :1 Interior and Insular Affairs. By Mr. GOLDEN: O God, our Heavenly Father, who art H. R. 4339. A bill to provide for the trans­ the creator and preserver of all man­ REPORTS OF COMMITTEES ON PUBLIC fer of certain educational benefits not used kind, without whose benediction all our BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS by veterans of World War II to the children of such veterans, and for' other purposes; to labor is in vain, we pray that our lives Under clause 2 of rule XIII, reports of the Committee on Veterans' Affairs. may be built not upon shifting sands but committees were delivered to the Clerk upon the rock of eternal truth. Deepen for printing and reference to the proper within us the love of truth and good­ calendar, as follows: MEMORIALS ness. Enable us to discern the meaning Mr. BATES of Kentucky: Committee on Under clause 3 of rule XXII, memo­ of these days through which we are Appropriations. H. R. 4329. A bill making rials were presented and referred as fol­ passing. In the midst of them keep us appropriations for the government .of the lows: from stumbling and grant unto us ·the District of Columbia and other activities spirit that will help us to accept all our chargeable in whole or in part against the By the SPEAKER: Memorial of the Leg­ duties, do all our work, and meet all revenues of such District for the fiscal year islature of the State of California, memo­ rializing the President and the Congress of our trials with a cheerful courage, a ending June 30, 1952, and for other purposes; sound mind, and a loving heart. without amendment (Rept. No. 539). Re­ the United States relative to Senate Joint ferred to the Committee of the Whole House Resolutions Nos. 23 and 31, relating to the Lead us day by day into the minis­ on the State of the Union. National Forest Highway system in Califor­ try of understanding and sympathy that Mr. RICHARDS: Committee of conference. nia, and to declare Napa County, State of we as leaders of our beloved country may· S. 872. An act to furnish emergency food California, a critical defense area for the carry our share of the burden of the aid to India; without amendment (Rept. No. purpose of obtaining financing of construc­ tion; to the Committee on Appropriations. world's need. May Thy grace sustain 540). Ordered to be printed. us all our days, for in Thee alone is our hope, our strength, and our peace. · We PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS pray in the· spirit of Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen. Under clause 3 of rule XXII, public Under clause 1 of rule XXII, private bills and resolutions were 'introduced and bills and resolutions were introduced THE JOURNAL severally referred as follows: and severally referred as follows: The Journal of the proceedings of yes­ By Mr. BATES of Kentucky: By Mr. ANDERSON of California: terday was read and approved. H. R. 4329. A bill making appropriations H. R. 4340. A bill for the relief of Cecilia SPECIAL ORDER GRANTED for the government of the District of Colum­ Lucy Boyack; to the Committee on the Ju­ bia and other activities chargeable in whole diciary. Mr. AUCHINCLOSS asked and was or in part against the revenues of such Dis­ By Mr. COLE of New York: given permission to address the House trict for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1952, H. R. 4341. A bill for . the relief of William for 40 minutes on Monday next, follow­ and for other purposes; to the Committee on Henry Dunn; to the Committee on the Ju­ ing the disposition of the legislative pro­ Appropriations. diciary. gram for the day and any special orders By Mr. DURHAM: By Mr. DONOHUE: heretofore entered. H. R. 4330. A bill to amend the Atomic H. R. 4342. A bill for the relief of Calcagni Energy Act of 1946;· to the Joint Committee & Belkin, Inc.; to the Committee on the CALL OF THE HOUSE on Atomic Energy. Judiciary. Mr. MILLER of Nebraska. Mr. Speak­ By Mr. HALE: By Mr. GATHINGS: er, I make the point of order that a H. R. 4331. A bill to abolish the action for H. R. 4343. A bill for the relief of Erika alienation of affections in the District of Bammes (Patricia Ann Co:ic); to the Com­ quorum is not present. Columbia; to the Committee on the District mittee on the Judiciary. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Evi­ of Columbia. By Mr. JACKSON of California: dently a quorum is not present. By Mr. MARTIN of Iowa: . H. R. 4344. A bill for the relief of Clyde Mr. PRIEST. Mr. Speaker, I move a H. R. 4332. A bill to authorize the city of R. Sharp; to the Committee on the Judi· call of the Hous3. Burlingto9-, Iowa, to own, maintain, and ciary. A call of the House was ordered. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 6181 The Clerk called the roll, and the fol­ man explain the purpose of the resolu­ Mr. HINSHAW. Mr. Speaker, I do not lowing Members failed to answer to their tion? intend to object. I hope that the bill will Iiames: Mr. BECKWORTH. It will be re­ be agreed to by the House. [Roll No. 69] called, Mr. Speaker, that not many days The SPEAKER pro tempore._ Is there Angell Gary Moulder ago we had before us a war risk insur­ objection to the present consideration of Baker Glllette Murray, Wis. Barden Gore Nelson ance bill that would make it possible the Senate concurrent resolution? Bates, Mass. Green O'Konskl for the Government to help those air­ There was no objection. Berry Gregory Patten lines which are engaged in the transpor­ Mr. BECKWORTH. Mr. Speaker, I Blatnik Gwinn Patterson Boggs, La. Hall, Pickett tation of people and commodities to offer an amendment. Bonner Leonard W. Poage areas where there is unusual danger The Clerk read as follows: Boykin Halleck Poulson existing, to obtain the proper amount or Amendment offered by Mr. BECKWORTHl Brownson Harrison, Wyo. Powell Byrne, N. Y. Hebert Price degree of insurance coverage needed. Page 1, after line 6, insert the following: "On Carnahan Herter Prouty The bill which the House passed had page 2, after line 9, of the engrossed bill insert Celler Hoffman, Ill. Rabaut already passed the Senate; the commit­ the following: Chudoff Hoffman, Mich. Ramsay tee took . the Senate bill, passed it, and "'(d) The terms "insurance company" and Clemente Holifield Reed, Ill. "insurance carrier" in section 1305 (a) and Cooley Irving Regan brought that bill to the House and the (b) and in section 1307 (d) shall include any Coudert Jones, Ala. Rivers House passed the bill unanimously. It mutual or stock insurance company, recipro­ Cox Kearns Roosevelt Crawford Kelley, Pa. Sabath now appears that a clarifying amend­ cal insurance association, and any group or Crosser Kelly, N. Y. Scott, Hardie ment is necessary relating to the Federal association authorized to do an aviation in­ Davis, Tenn. Kennedy Scudder Security Agency and the Department of surance business in any State of the United Dawson Kilburn Shafer Labor; and then it is also necessary in States.'" Delaney Kilday Sheehan Dempsey Lanham Smith, Kans. order to be sure that all insurance com­ Mr. HINSHAW. Mr. Speaker, if the Dingell Larcade Smith, Miss. panies qualified to participate in the gentleman will yield, this amendment has Dondero Latham Stanley writing of such insurance may partici­ Dorn Lecompte Taylor the approval of the committee. I think Ellsworth McCarthy Teague pate to have an amendment to the Sen­ there is no question about that. Evins Mack, Wash. Thornberry ate concurrent reso:i.ution of which I Mr. BECKWORTH. The amendment Fallon Madden Vursell spoke. Fernandez Merrow Wigglesworth has the approval of the committee, and Flood Mlller, Calif. Willis That briefly is a description of what the Civil Aeronautics Board, and all oth-j Forand Miller, N. Y. Winstead we are trying to do. I may say that it ers who have indicated an interest in the Fugate Morano Wood, Ga. was concurred in by every member of legislation from the begiqning. · ~ The SPEAKER pro tempore. On this the House Committee on Interstate and The SPEAKER pro tempore. The roll call 331 Members have answered to Foreign Commerce who was present this question is on the amendment offered by l their names, a quorum. morning to hear the discussion. the gentleman from Texas [Mr. BEcK...: j By unanimous consent, further pro':" Mr. HINSHAW. Has the gentleman WORTH]. ceeding~ under the call wer.e dispensed also cleared this with the leadership on The amendment was agreed to. with. both sides of the aisle? The resolution was concurred in. ALTERATION OF CERTAIN BRIDGES OVER Mr. BECKWORTH. I have cleared A motion to reconsider was laid on the· NAVIGABLE WATERS this through the gentleman from Massa­ table. I chusetts [Mr. MARTIN] because the gen­ Mr. BECKWORTH. Mr. Speaker, 11 Mr. BECKWORTH. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that a letter re­ ask unanimous consent that the Com­ tleman from New Jersey [Mr. WOLVER• f erring to the legislation be included in mittee on Interstate a,nd Foreign Com­ TON], ranking minority member on our ·connection with my remarks. merce be discharged from further con:. committee, concurred in it, and I so in­ The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there sideration of the bill :e here is to .find out why somebody does The Clerk read the statement. emergency need arising from the extraordi- not do something about lowering them. The conference report and statement nary sequence of flood, drought, and other k '· conditions existing in India in 1950. t· The recent price war in New Yor _ follow: //ft;- "(d) The assistance provided unde~ ~his City proved a lot of things. It proved ~- R T (H REPT. No. ) .'.W$ Act shall be provided under the provisions that direct Competition brought to bear [ CONFERENCE EPOR ' 540 of the Economic Cooperation Act Of 1948, as on inftated prices will bring goods the · The committee of conference on the dis· amended applicable to and consistent with people want down to where they can agreeing votes of the two Houses on the the purp~ses of this Act. have them. amendment of the House to the bill (S. 872~ "SEC. 5. Notwithstanding the provisions of ' It also proved that merchants and to furnish emergency food aid to India, hav any other law to the extent that the Presi- 1ng met, after full and free conference, have dent after c~nsultation with appropriate businessmen can live by letting the cus- agr~ed to recommend and do reco~mend to Gov:rnment officials and representatives of tomer live. their respective Houses as follows· private shipping finds and proclaims that : Since the New York price war bene- That the Senate recede from its disagree- private shipping, is not available on reason- fited the consuming public and showed ment to the amendment of the House and able terms and conditions for transportation ·the country how much water can be agree to the s~me with an amendment as of supplies made available under this Act, 'wrung out of inftated prices, Congress follows: In lieu of the matter prop~sed to be the Reconstruction Finance Corporation is should tell the people we represent that inserted by the House amendment msert the authorized and directed to make advances its desire is to reduce the cost of living. following: "That this act may be cited .as not to exceed in the aggregate $20,000,000 to f t f the 'India Emergency Food Aid Act of 1951. the Department of Commerce, in such man- f, Let us encourage, let us omen ur- "SEC. 2. Notwithstandi~g any other pro- ner, at such times, and in such amounts as ther price wars so that the American visions of law, the Admmistrator for Eco- the President shall determine, for activa­ 'people can live and the American system nomic cooperation is authorized and directed tion and operation of vessels for such trans­ .of free enterprise will be preserved. to provide emergency food relief assistance portation, and these advances may be placed r·· This is the only way the United States to India on credit terms as provided in sec- in any funds or accounts available for such 'can pay for our tremendous rearmament tion 111 (c) (2) of the Economic Cooperation purposes, and no interest shall be charged ;'.and preparedness program. Act of 1948, as amended, including payment on advances made by the Treasury to the ~ This is the only way the American by transfer to the United St~~es (under such Reconstruction Finance Corporation for F-° 1 l terms and in such quantities as may be these purposes: Provided, That pursuant to .worker, farmer, white-co lar emp oyee, agreed to between the Administr.ator and.the agreements made between the Reconstruc- ~ and other middle- and lower-income Government of India) of materials required tion Finance Corporation and the Depart­ f1earners will be able to· pay for their by the United States as 3: res.ult. of de- ment of commerce, the Reconstruction 1ood, clothing, and other necessary items ficiencies, actual or potential, m it.s own Finance corporation shall be repaid with- of living. resources. The Administrator is directed out interest not later than June 30, 1952, ~ Therefore, I am introducing the . fol- and instructed that in his negotiations with for such advances either from funds here- lowing resolution, which I hope will be the Government of India he shall, so far as after made available to the Department of 1 d b C practicable and possibl~, obtain f~r ~he commerce for the activation and ope~a~ion 1 ~pprove soon Y ongress: United states the immediate and contmumg of vessels or, notwithstanding the provisions ' A resolution to preserve the American system transfer of substantial quantities of such of any other Act, from receipts from ve~sel · .· of free enterprise and to lower the cost of materials particularly those found to be operations: Provided further, That pendmg . living by encouraging price wars in retail strategic and critical. such repayment receipts from vessel opera- prices of food and other necessities "SEC. 3. For purposes of this Act the Presi· tions may be placed in such funds or ~c- Whereas it has been established that re- dent is authorized to utilize not in excess of counts and used for activating and operatmg cent price wars between large metropolitan $l90,000,000 during the period ending June vessels. dry goods stores have enabled the American 30, 1952, of which sum (1) not less than "SEC. 6. Notwithstanding any other pro- consumer to buy clothing at reasonable $l00,000,000 shall be made available i~me- visions of law, the Administrator for Eco- prices; and . diately from funds heretofore appropriated nomic Cooperation is authorized to pay ocean Whereas these price wars clearly show that by Public Law 759, Eighty-first Congress, for freight charges from United States ports to profiteering, chiseling, gorging, and unfair expenses necessary to carry out the provi- designated ports of entry in India of relief dealing with American consumers on the sions of the Economic Cooperation Act of packages and supplies under the provisions part of some entrepreneurs have compelled 1948, as amended; and (2) $90,000,000 shall of section 117 (c) of the Economic Coopera- the public to pay outrageous prices for neces- be available from any balance of such funds tion Act of 1948, as amended, including the sities; and unallotted and unobligated as of June 30, relief packages and supplies of the Ame.rican Whereas the Office of Price Stabilization 1951: Provided, That if such amount unal- Red Cross. Funds now or hereafter available seems to be helpless or hesitant to roll back lotted and unobligated is less ~han $90,000,- during the period ending June 30, 195~ •. for the cost of living for the average cit;iz_en in 000 an amount equal to the difference shall furnishing assistance under the provis10ns spite of definite instructions from Congress; be obtained from the issuance of notes in of the Economic Cooperation Act of 1948, as and such amount by the Administrator for the amended, may be used to carry out the pur- Whereas the American people must h?-ve Economic Cooperation Administration, who poses of this section. Immediate relief from the present high is hereby authorized and directed to issue "SEC. 7. (a) Any sums payable by the cost of living; and such notes from time to time during fiscal Government of India, under the interest Whereas barefaced competition is needed years 1951 and 1952 for purchase by the terms agreed to between the Government of among legitimate entrepreneurs to. water secretary of the Treasury, and the Secretary the United states and the Government of down bulging profits and bloated prices of of the Treasury is hereby authorized and di- India, on or before January 1, 1957 as in­ food and other necessary commodities; and rected to purchase such notes and, in mak- terest on the principal of any debt incurred Whereas price wars seem to be the only ing such purchases to use, as a public debt under this Act, and not to exceed a total of method by which competition can. be transaction, the proceeds of any public debt $5,000,000, shall, when paid, be placed in a brought into direct play: Therefore be it issue pursuant to the Second Liberty Loan special deposit account in the Treasury of the , Resolved, That it is the desire of the Senate Act as amended: And provided further, That United states, notwithstanding any other and House of Representatives in Congress $50,000,000 reserved by ~he Bureau of t17e provisions of law, to remain available u~- assembled to call upon the Nation's busi- Budget pursuant to section 1214 of Publlc til expended. This account shall be avail- ness and commerce to make open war upon Law 759 of the Eighty-first Congress from able to the Department of State for the fol- high prices of food and other necessities in funds appropriated by that Act for expenses lowing uses: order to preserve the American syste1:11 of necessar_Y to carry ~:mt the provisions of the "(l) Studies, instruction, tec?ni.cal train- free enterprise and to lower the exorbitant Economic Cooperation. Act of 1948, as amend- ing, and other educational activities in the cost of living. ed, shall not be available for purposes of United states and in its Territories or pos- EMERGENCY FOOD AID TO INDIA this section. . sessions (A) for students, professors, other "SEC. 4. (a) FUnds made available for pur- academic persons, and technicians who are Mr. RICHARDS. Mr. Speaker, I call poses of this Act shall be used o~ly for tl_1e citizens of India, and (B) with the approval up the conference report on the bi~l ility of its being minimized and in the ln areas ·of insistent demand for United .personnel and foreign representatives of . one place where it was important to the States action, particularly . in. the United the State Department were ·ordered· to administration that it bB minimized, 1951" =CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE ·6189

·-right here at· home with the American This; incidentally, despite the fact ~ude in dealing with things which are people. that in the letter of tra:nsmittal accom­ disadvantageous to With respect to this technique of mini­ panying· the State Department white He has acknowledged that this tech­ mizing damage by saying that it has no paper of July 30, 1949, Secretary Ache- nique was employed with respect to the special military significance, Secretary . son described the conft.iCt in China as Formosan question, even though it in­ . Acheson told the committee: foreign domination masked behind the volved deceiving not only our potential As I said yesterday, this is a common atti­ facade of a vast crusading movement . enemies and our allies but the American . tude in dealing with things which are dis­ which apparently has seemed to ·many . people themselves. advantageous to us. Chinese to be wholly indigenous and na­ How can there be any assurance that That statement can be taken as mean­ tional. this technique will not be, and has not ing only one thing. It means that the And the President's statement con­ been, found useful "in dealing with things December 23, 1949, document of decep­ tinued: which are disadvantageous to us"­ tion and falsehood was not an isolated The United States Government will not things strictiy between the State Depart­ incident or an isolated offense. It means provide military aid or advice to Chinese ment and the American people or the that dissemination of falsehood and de­ forces on Formosa. Congress? ception and doctored facts and calcu­ It is difficult to reconcile such a public The ethics of Machiavellianism are lated misinformation, to the world announcement, and particularly the notoriously lax. and to the American people, is standard· timing of that announcement, with the There have been those of us in Con­ procedure, if and when the adminis­ current statements of Mr. Acheson that gress who have felt that the State De­ tration in general and Dean Gooderham the Government at that time recognized partment's white paper of July 30, 1949, Acheson in particular deem it expedient. the importance of Formosa to the secu- blaming the tragic failure of American For all of his dishonesty and deceit, . rity of the United States and was con­ policy in China on the alleged derelic­ for all of his smoothness and supposed ·. cerned over the effects of its possible tions of Chiang Kai-shek, was a well­ adroitness, for all of his capacity for fall. planned alibi for State Department blun­ double talk and evasion, Dean Gooder­ It is difficult to reconcile this an­ ders, ineptitude, and disloyalty to Ameri- ham Acheson could not escape the fa.ct nouncement to the world, -including the . can interests. There have been those that' publication of the December 23, Chinese Communists, that we would not · of us in Congress who have pointed out 1949, document put himself and, tragi­ lift a finger to save Formosa-thereby the numerous crucial omissions of docu­ cally, the United States, on record be- virtually inviting the Chinese Reds to ments and information from that re­ .fore the world in this shameful light. move in-with the concern which Mr. port--including omission of the vital In his letter of May 22 to the joint Acheson now says was then felt over · 1944-45 Army Intelligence report which · committees, urging continued suppres­ the possible loss of Formosa and over accurately interpreted and forecast the sion of the text of the December 23, the need for minimizing the gravity of · Communist peril in China. There have 1949, document, as quoted in the press. that loss. · been those of -us in Congress who have Acheson warned, with a truthfulness Perhaps, however, Mr. Acheson is · pointed out that this white paper ignored which for once even he could not avoid, ·telling the truth in his current testi­ the administration failure to provide that release 'of this document "would mony before the committees. . assistance voted by Congress for China give the Russians ammunition to use to If so, he is admitting, as I have al­ · when that assistance would have turned discredit the United States information . ready pointed out, that deception and the tide in favor of the Nationalist gov­ program 'by arguing that the Voice of falsehood are standard procedure in the . ernment. How·can we avoid the conclu­ America thillks up its arguments-and, administration of the foreign policy of . sion that the white paper refler-ts the · by implication, its facts-as they may , the United States. "common attitude in dealing with things be necessary to support a preconceived If, on the other hand, Mr. Acheson is which are disadvantageous to us"? foreign policy.'" lying to the committees now, if he is Permit me to review a bit of history It is unfortunate that Dean Gooder- ·perjuring himself, if he is trying to alibi in connection with the tragic record of . ham Acheson apparently recognizes the for the December 23, 1949, document · another nation which fell prey to com­ embarrassing consequences of deceit and for the fact that he did not believe munism, with the aid of the State only after the fact, only after he is Formosa important to American secu­ Department. caught in the lies. · rit.Y, then he is doing so by. the shocking On ·January 16, 1947, I called atten­ And it is unfortunate that not merely device of falsely charging that the Pres­ tion on the floor of the House to reports the United States information program ident of the United States and the Gov­ 'that Donald Hiss, a brother of Alger Hiss but--vastly more important ·and more ernment of the United States were par­ and an associate of Mr. Acheson's law tragic-the good name of the Govern- ties to a systematic and calculated pro­ firm of Covington, Burling, Rublee, Ache­ . ment of the United States is discredited gram of deception back in December son & Shorb, was engaged in efforts to by this policy of deceit. 1949. secure a half-billion-dollar American There are those who are skeptical of It is far from a reassuring situation loan for the Communist-dominated Mr. Acheson's current explanation of to the American people to be faced with Polish Government and that the reported the December 23, 1949, document. The these alternative conclusions-the only fee involved would run to a million doubters cannot be criticized for their possible alternative conclusions - with dollars. skepticism, since they are dealing with respect to the man who occupies the Mr. Acheson promptly denied that he the testimony of a public official who office of Secretary of State of the United was any longer connected with the law has pleaded guilty to the promulgation States. :firm and stated that since joining the · of falsehoods and deception. ·And there It is incomprehensible that a man Department of State he had no finan­ seems to be .some logic to justify the who has placed himself in such a posi­ cial interest in the business. He had skepticism. tion before the American people and be- nothing to say as to the propriety of the It is noteworthy that just 13 days . fore the world, in this time of crisis, firm's activity in that :field. after the distribution of this supposedly should not have the common decency to Three days later, on January 19, I confidential document, the President resign and thereby relieve the Nation and repeated the charges in a radio broad­ issued a public statement as to Amer­ the President of the intolerable situation cast. I elaborated on them, pointing ican policy regarding Formosa; and Mr. thereby created. out that his name was still listed with Acheson elabo'rated tm this statement And intolerable it is, for his acknowl­ · the law :firm in the phone directory, on in a press confererice held on the Presi­ edgment of the policy and practice of de­ the door of the law office, and on the dent's instructions. · ceit destroys all possibility of hereafter building directory. ·I pointed out that · The Presidential statement complete­ reposing any confidence in Mr. Acheson . he had not denied that his form.er eco­ ly disavowed any intention to aid in the or in his word or in the State Depart­ nomic adviser, Donald Hiss, left the defens·e of Formosa. It said: ment so long as it is under his direction. State Department to become affiliated The United States Government will not Mr. Acheson has acknowledged to the with the law firm. And I suggested that · pursue a course which· will lead to involve­ committee that the technique of false­ Mr." Acheson resign at once as Under ment in the "Civil· conflict in China. hood and deception is "a common atti- Secretary of State...... f{CVII-:-390 6190 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE Was Mr. Ache,n's evasion of the tack on any of them, in Europe or North Acheson now shows for the feelings of basic questions o facts and of ethics America, will be considered an attack on all our allies in the Korean undertaking. of them. In the event of such an attack, During the hearing Senator Hawkes in this situation in keeping with "the each of them will take, individually and in common attitude of dealing with things concert with the other .- parties, whatever ac­ argued that the United States should not which are disadvantageous to us"? tion it deems necessary to restore and main­ proceed with the aid program without In view of Mr. Acheson's acknowledged tain the security of the North Atlantic area, at least consulting the 49 other mem­ use of deceit and falsehood in the For­ including the use of armed force. bers of the United Nations "who nor­ mosan matter, can Members of ~ongress Thfs does not mean that the United States mally go along with the United States," have confidence in any information or would be automatically at war, 1f one of and without finding out "whether those counsel which Mr. Acheson has given the nations covered by the Pact is subjected 49 believed that the step we alone were to armed attack. Under our Constitution, taking was right and did not circumvent Congress in the past or may give in the the Congress alone has the power to declare future? war. We would be bound to take promptly the United Nations." We still recall the question raised by the action which we deemed necessary to But impatient Mr. Acheson would have Senator HICKENLOOPER during the hear­ restore and maintain the security of the none of that. He was strong for "going ings on the North Atlantic Pact: North :Atlantic area. • · • • That deci­ it alone" then. He said: Are we going to be expected to send sub­ sion will rest where the Constitution has I think when it is quite clear that the stantial numbers of troops over there as a placed it. thing you are doing is right, the thing to more or less permanent contribution to the do is to go ahead and do it as quickly as development of those countries' capacity to How vastly different are these assur­ possible. resist? ances from the practice followed, with Mr. Acheson's full endorsement, in the And subsequently, in a letter to Sen­ And we still recall Mr. Acheson's re­ Korean situation; how different, from ator GREEN, of Rhode Island, under date ply: the practice which Mr. Acheson warns · of April 18, 1947, Mr. Acheson advanced The answer to that question, Senator, is may be fallowed in the case of other out­ this added argument in support of non­ a clear and absolute "No." breaks of aggression; how different, from consultation and completely independent Now, not any of the hair-splitting ex­ the doctrine ·that use of the congres­ action in the matter of the aid program: planations which Mr. Acheson offers for sional power to declare war has fallen The United Nations can be no stronger that cateeorical answer will dispel the into abeyance. than its members, and their sovereign in­ It is obvious here again that Mr. Ache­ depende:ice· is an essential condition to the impression that he spoke an untruth, proper functioning of the organization. that he did so deliberately, and that he son was following his Machiavellian code answered in a manner calculated to deal of ethics which holds that deceit and There is a further clue to this im­ effectively with things which were dis­ falsehood are a common and justifiable patient ruthlessness in carrying through advantageous to the program and the technique and attitude "in dealing with what to Mr. Acheson is clearly right in objective he had in view. things which are disadvantageous to us." a statement made in an address on Sep­ In view of Mr. Acheson's current ef­ True to that code, Mr. Acheson has tember 10, 1940, as chairman of the At­ forts, before the joint committees, to sought unceasingly to secure more and torney General's Committee on Admin­ justify the unconstitutional usurpation more power for the Executive. A notori­ istrative Procedure before the American of the authority of Congress by Mr. Tru­ ous example was the State Department Bar Association: man, in putting the United States into draft of the first military assistance bill There has never been a time or place in the Korean war, and in view of his adop­ presented to Congress following ratifica­ the history of the world when it was more tion of the official doctrine that "use of tion of the North Atlantic Pact. The important than now and here to judge suc­ the congressional power to declare war effect of this bill was to give the President cess or failure in the practice of the art of complete discretion as to the assistance, government by pragmatic tests. Government has fallen into abeyance," it is interest­ in the form of finances and arms which must work. It must accomplish the public ing to note previous statements on the purposes for which the times c~ll. subject by Mr. Acheson-statements de­ this country would give other nations. signed to deal "With things which are This provision brought a storm of pro­ Naturally the impatient chancelor, the disadvantageous to us." test from Republicans and Democrats impatient advocate of the pragmatic test alike-in Congress and out. It was of government, could not always be ex­ In May 1945 Congressman Louis Lud­ promptly tossed out, but not before one low addressed this inquiry to Mr. Ache­ pected to be tolerant of discussion and son: Member of the Senate had indignantly debate and the slower processes of the charged that "it called for the virtual common herd. It is not surprising, Under (the Dumbarton Oaks proposal) creation of a total world-wide war-lord what becomes of the constitutional process therefore, to find him lecturing members of declaring war by act of Congress. Is our power in the White House." of the United States Chamber of Com­ future, as far as participation in peace or That was not the outcry of a narrow, merce in this vein in 1943-a year when war is concerned, to be governed by Con­ partisan-minded Senator, of a habitual American unity under the compulsion of gress or by the Security Council to be set up alarmist, of a confirmed isolationist, or the war crisis was at its zenith: under the new organization? Is the con­ of a chronic foe of the administration. To be capable of action, sustained and stitutional provision relating to the declara­ That stinging indictment was voiced by steadfast, this democracy and every other tion of war changed or diluted by the Dum­ the man now hailed by these same power­ as well, must achieve unity of purpose upon barton Oaks proposal, and if so, how is it crazed leaders in the White House as the the fundamentals. One of the most disturb­ changed or diluted? In other words, what sainted leader of bipartisanism, the late ing phenomena of our recent history has happens to our constitutional war-declaring Senator Arthur H. Vandenberg. been the ease with which we relapse into provi_sion under the new world set-up? Today this complete control, this claim bitter, partisan quarreling. • • • Here was Mr. Acheson's reply, under Disagreement and debate are, of course, of total world-wide war-lord power by a part of the democratic process. But this date of June 13, 1945: the White House, which drew the rebuke is a means-and the best means we know­ The broad answer to your question is, I from Senator Vandenberg, is made with to an end. .The end is decision--decision think, entirely clear. Nothing in the pro­ respect to the lives of Americans and which is accepted by all--decision which posed United Nations organization is in­ with respect to the constitutional pre­ results in action. tended to or could possibly change any of rogative of declaring war. The first task before us then, if we are to our constitutional provisions in any. way. And in advancing these claims, Dean act as a Nation, strong and determined to Gooderham Acheson has never scrupled meet the challenge of our destiny, is to pull Later, in his address announcing the ourselves together .and to agree upon our North Atlantic Pact, delivered March to lie and deceive when that seemed the fundamental course of action. 19, 1949, Mr. Acheson gave similar cate­ most effective way of dealing with what­ gorical assurances with respect to the ever might be disadvantageous to the That, in 1943, mind you. war-declaring authority of the Con­ aims and objectives in view. And again, the impatient chancelor gress-assurances which are now com­ There· is a clue to the unscrupulous lectured the country-this time speaking pletely repudiated by Mr. Acheson: ruthlessness with which Mr. A~heson on June 4, 1!'46., before the Associated Article 5 deals with the possibility, which pursues his purposes in the testimony Harvard Clubs: Unhappily cannot be excluded, that the na­ which he gave during the hearings on America.faces problems which are difficult tions joining together in the Pact may have the aid program for Greece and Turkey. against a background of national confusion, to face the eventuality of an armed attack. And there is an interesting contrast, hesitation, and disintegration. Americans In this article, they agree that an armed at- here, to the tender solicitude which Mr. as a people are not particularly suited for ... \

1951 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 6191 the long. and tough job ahead, but we are ip. Yet, Mr. Acheson now tells the joint order to move that the House resolve itself for it and the only real question is whether committees that the December 23, 1949, into the Committee of he Whole House on we shall know it soon e~ough. the State of the Union for the consideration document-issued just 13 days before he of the bill (H. R. 314) to provide for the As the New York Ttmes reported the made the statement just quoted-was establishment of a veterans' hospital for speech, Mr. Acheson went on to explain nothing mor~ o:r less than a propagand;t Negro veterans at the birthplace of Booker that the chief trouble came from the line put forward in accordance with the T. Washington in Franklin County, Va. fact that the fundamental task in the common pro.cedure for ,"dealing with That after general debate, which shall be conduct of foreign affairs was focusing things which are disadvantageous to confined to the bill and continue not to us." exceed 1 hour, to be equally divided and the will of 140,000,000 persons on prob­ controlled by the chairman and ranking lem3 beyond American shores. The peo­ And contrast the admission now made minority· member of the Committee on Vet­ ple, he added: by Secretary Acheson with this high erans' Affairs, the bill shall be read for Are focusing on 140,000,000 other things, profession offered July 5, 1950-6 months amendment under the 5-minute rule. At or more accurately, not focusing on them, after the Formosa document was cir­ the conclusion of the consideration of the but getting very much mixed up with anlf culated-to a Senate Foreign Relations bill for amendment, the Committee shall about them, and the people of other coun­ subconnnit '.x~e conducting hearings on rise and report the bill to the House with tries are doing the same thing. Senator BENTON'S proposal for "a greatly such amendments as may have been adopted and the previous question shall be consid­ Of such convictions as these are com­ expanded program of information and education among all the peoples of the ered as ordered on the bill and amendments pounded t~'le strange contradictions and thereto to final passage without intervening the dangerous qualities of the man world." Here is what Mr. Acheson said: motion except one motion to recommit. Acheson-the condescending attitude The sponsors of this resolution have accu­ rately diagnosed one of the elements not Mr. COLMER. Mr. Speaker, I yield toward the people of the United States only vital but in fact indispensable to the 30 minutes to· the gentleman from Illi­ and toward their elected representatives conduct of American foreign relations today. nois [Mr. ALLENl and pending that I in Congress; the intolerant certainty We must make the truth known to the peo­ yield myself such time as I may desire. that what he sees clearly as right is ples of the world. This is a task that calls Mr. Speaker, as the reading of the therefore right; the impatient urge to for greatly expanded and intensified efforts. resolution by the Clerk reflect$, this res­ translate conviction into action as Truth in the world today is a political ·quickly as possible; .the insistence upon force. olution makes in order the consideration If totalitarian regimes cannot flourish of H. R. 314, a bill for the establishment the right of those in the executive where the truth is Jully available, free and of a veterans' hospital for Negro vet­ branch of Government to make the deci­ democratic countries cannot flourish unless erans at the birthplace of Booker T. sions the willingness to sacrifice truth their citizens do have access to the truth. Washington, in Franklin County, Va., at itself' whe:.1 the ends appear to him to The freedom of free nations grows out of the a cost of $5,000,000. This is a very ap­ justify that sacrifice. minds of its citizens. Free men make up their own minds, on the basis of free access propriate name for this hospital; a hos­ And yet, paradoxically, there is no one pital to be named after a very distin­ in public life today who has spoken more to the truth, to the facts. • • • The task of telling the truth, as guished member of the Negro race. I often or fulsomely of truth than Mi:. the President has emphasized, is not "sepa­ know of no opposition to this resolution, Acheson. rate and distinct from other elements of Mr. Speaker, and I shall not impose upon The strange fact is that Mr. Acheson, our foreign ·policy. It is a necessary part of the time of the House for the present, at who so scornfully refused to turn his all we are doing to build a peaceful world." least. back on Alger Hiss, has turned his back It is essential to the success of our foreign Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, on all of his own professions of integ:­ policy that the military, political, and eco­ nomic measures we are taking be accom­ I yield 2 minutes to the gentlewoman rity and devotion to truth. panied by an effective information pro­ from Massachusetts [Mrs. ROGERS]. He has turned his back on the pro­ gram. "' "' "' Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. Mr. fessions of the Dean Gooderham /l.che­ The democratic concept has depended on Speaker, I ris.e to thank the Speaker, the son who, speaking as a former secretary the ability of every man to learn the truth leadership, and most of all the chair­ to Justice Louis D. Brandeis, said in a and to act as an individual on the basis of it. man of the Committee on Veterans' Af­ funeral tribute to Mr. Justice Brandeis Turn from that fine profession of loy­ fairs the gentleman from Mississippi in 1941: alty to truth to the point-by-point in­ [Mr. RANKIN] for postponing this bill These were the years during which we were structions laid down by Mr. Acheson in which was to have been taken up on with the Justice and saw in action his burn­ the December 23, 1949, document for the ing faith that • • • evil never could yesterday. As president of the board. be good; that falsehood was not truth, not spoon-feeding of falsehoods to the world, of trustees of the Rogers Hall School at e-;en if all the ingenuity of science reiter­ ahd to the American people, about the Lowell, Mass., I presented diplomas yes­ ated it in waves that encircled the earth. Formosan situation. terday to the finest graduating class How can anyone hereafter have any of young girls I have ever seen. They When Dean Gooderham Acheson or­ confidence in Mr. Acheson's word? will go out into the world and there will dered the Voice of America and the in­ How can even the President .of the be no spread of communism from those formation personnel and foreign repre­ United States have any confidence in girls. They will make a fine record of sentatives of the State Department to Mr. Acheson's word? patriotic young womanhood. I was par­ . broadcast falsehoods regaruir.g Formosa Aside from his compelling obligation ticularly anxious to be there and I am he turned his back on the noble senti­ to the American people tO relieve the very grateful to the leadership of the ment he had himself once voiced: Nation of an intolerable situation, Mr. House. I am sure that this resolution That falsehood was not truth, not even if Acheson has a personal obligation to any will be passed and we will have a chance all the ingenuity of science reiterated it. in concept of honor and integrity which to establish that hospital at the birth­ waves that encircled the earth. may survive from those supposedly place of Booker T. Washington, a great Dean AchesqJl had already turned his idealistic days when he worked at the Negro, a great patriot, a great states­ back on his o\iin high professions when elbow of Justice Louis D. Brandeis. man. No finer tribute could be paid · he made this comment during his press He can fulfill that obligation of honor one of any race or creed than to have a conference on January 5, 1950, inter­ and .integrity only by immediately re­ hospital built in his honor. This is not preting President Truman's Formosa signing as Secretary of State of the a matter of segregation. statement: United States. Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, If we are going to maintain the free na­ COMMEMORATIVE VETERANS' HOSPITAL I yield myself such time as I may desire. tions of the world as a great unit opposed FOR NEGRO VETERANS Mr. Speaker, I am not opposed to this to the encroachment of communism and other sorts of totalitarian . aggression, the Mr. COLMER. . Mr. Speaker, I call up rule. However, I believe that it is im- world must believe tnat we stand for prin­ House Resolution 210 and ask for its im· . portant that someone convince us that ciple and that we are honorable and decent mediate consideration. this hospital is needed. It is estimated people and tha.t we do_not put forward words, The Clerk ·read the l:Iouse resolution, to cost $5,000,000, and, in my· opinion, · as propagandists do in other countries, .to serve their advantage only to throw them as follows: the ·United States cannot spend millions overboard wh -n some change in events malces Resolved, That immediately upon the of dollars unless it is absolutely neces­ the positi9n di.illc1Jlt tor us. - - adoption _of this resolution it shall be in sary. 6192 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE JUNE 6 Mr. RANKIN. Mr. Speaker, will the · Booker T. Washington in Franklin own physicians and ·feel like they are gentleman yield? County, Va. a part of this Government. Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. I yield to the The motion was agreed to. Mr. RANKIN. That is right. gentleman from Mississippi. Accordingly the House resolved itself This gives an opportunity for these Mr. RANKIN. · I will explain that into the Committee of the Whole House Negro doctors to work for and treat their when we come to discuss the bill, but let on the State of the Union for the con­ own people and for them to be to them­ me say to the gentleman from Illinois sideration of the bill H. R. 314, with Mr. selves. That is what they want. The that you could build 40 hospitals like this PHILBIN in the chair. men who stick their noses into this fight w ~ th the money that you have just given The Clerk read the title of the bill. and prate about the Negro question could to Communist Nehru, of India. By unanimous consent, the first read­ not get into a Negro hospital with their Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. I repeat, Mr. ing of the bill was dispensed with. consent. We are trying to do something Speaker, I think that this bill should be The CHAIRMAN. Under the rule, for them and not do something to them. decided strictly on its merits. Is this the gentleman from Mississippi [Mr. There are enough Negro veterans in the hospital needed? . That is the question. RANKIN] has 30 minutes, and the gen­ States adjacent to this hospital to supply I again repeat that $5,000,000, when this tlewoman from Massachusetts [Mrs. the needs of the hospital just as there Nation is borrowing money each day, is ROGERS] has 30 minutes. are in the Tuskegee Hospital at Tuske­ something for the membership to think Mr. RANKIN. Mr. Chairman, I yield gee, Booker Washington's old home in about. myself 20 minutes. Alabama. Negro veterans have gone Mr. RANKIN. Mr. Speaker, will the Mr. Chairman, this bill has already from my district, they have gone from gentleman yield? passed the House twice. It was thor­ all over Mississippi, from Alabama, and Mr. ALLEN of ·Dlinois. I yield to the oughly considered by the Veterans' Com­ from Georgia, and from Florida to tpat gentleman from Mississippi. mittee in the Eightieth and Eighty-first hospital, and we have never had the Mr. RANKIN. May I say to the gen­ Congresses, and in the Eighty-second slightest trouble with them. tleman from Illinois that we not only Congress, and was reported out and Mr. GOLDEN. Mr. Chairman, will the need this hospital but we need several passed the Eightieth and Eighty-first gentleman yield? more. Congresses, but somehow it was not Mr. RANKIN. I yield. Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, voted on in the Senate. The same thing Mr. GOLDEN. I have just been fur.:. I have no objection to the rule. might be said of the other bill to provide nished with statistics showing that now Mr. COLMER. Mr. Speaker, I yield the 16,000 beds so vitally needed there are 2,044 Negro veterans in hospi­ myself 1 minute. throughout the country, and which is tals in this immediate area, and, of Apropos of the colloquy between the now pending before the Committee on course, a great many of them would like chairman of the Veterans' Affairs Com­ Rules. to go to the one· that we are now pro­ mittee and the gentleman from Dlinois, This bill is sponsored by the Booker T. posing to build. a member of the Rules Committee, I Washington Foundation and by Booker Mr. RANKIN. Why, certainly. We agree with what the gentleman from Washington's daughter, Portia Wash­ have a large number of them in the hos­ Illinois has said, that if the hospital is ington Pittman. They came before the ' pital at Richmond. We have a large not needed we should not have it; but committee and answered every question number of them in the hospital at Roa­ that is a matter that can be decided upon that could be asked and ·the opposition noke. We have a large number of them the consideration of the bill. I think was made to look ridicufous. in the hospital, probably, at Nashville, the House should go ahead and adopt We have an all-Negro veterans' hos­ and other places in that immediate the resolution, and then let the bill be pital at Tuskegee, Ala., the old home of section. decided upon its merits. Booker T. Washington, and it is the I will be glad to answer any question The Veterans' Affairs Committee and only veterans' hospital that I know of that any of you have to ask. the Rules Committee though that the that has Negro physicians. We have Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. Mr. Chair­ hospital was needed for these Negro vet­ quite a number of Negro doctors over man, will the gentleman yield? erans, and they brought this resolution the country that could supply this hos­ . Mr. RANKIN. I yield. ·to the floor of the House. It can be pital. We have never had any trouble Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. Can the gen­ decided upon its merits. at Tuskegee. They have got along tleman tell us the need for the hospital? Mr. EBERHARTER. Mr. Speaker, splendidly. What these people are ask­ That is going to be the deciding fac­ will the gentleman yield? ing for here is to have the same kind of tor-whether they need these additional. Mr. COLMER. I yield to the gentle­ hospital located in southwestern Vir­ beds. I will say to the gentleman that, man from Pennsylvania. ginia on the land already owned by the in my opinion, that is what is going to Mr. EBERHARTER. Did the gen­ Booker Washington Foundation. decide this question. If they need the tleman say the membership of the Rules The Member from Illinois a while ago hospital, then I think it is going to pass, Committee decided that this hospital raised the question of the cost of $5,000,- and unless the membership can be con­ was needed, and therefore think the 000. You can hardly build a veterans' vinced that they do need this hospital, House ought to have an opportunity to hospital for less money. Every hospital the bill will not pass. discuss the merits of the bill? that we have proposed costs at least that Mr. RANKIN. Yes; they need this · Mr. COLMER. If the gentleman will amount. So, from a standpoint of cost, hospital because they need these beds. permit me to confess to having been this has been held down to the irreduc­ If you do not build this hospital, then educated here this morning to do a little ible minimum. · you will have to expand other hospitals evading, in a previous colloquy, I would This bill is necessary. There are a in that area to take care of them. There say that possibly I did not use the cor­ vast number of Negro veterans in that is no reason on earth why this hospital rect word. My choice of words was not area to be served by this hospital in the should not be built. too good when I said "decided." The States of Kentucky, Virginia, West Vir­ Mrs. ROGERS of Ma~achusetts. Mr. Rules Committee decided in its wisdom ginia, North Carolina, and South Caro­ Chairman, will the gentleman yield? that this was a matter that should come lina. Mr. RANKIN. I yield. to the floor of the House for consid- Mr. GOLDEN. Mr. Chairman, will Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. I eration. · the gentleman yield? would like to state, and the gentleman Mr. Speaker, I move the previous Mr. RANKIN. I yield. · probably already knows this, that there question on the resolution. · Mr. GOLDEN. Does the gentleman is an appalling number of colored am­ The previous question was ordered. have the figure showing the number of putees at the Walter Reed Hospital. The resolutio!l was agreed to. colored veterans in the three States As the gentleman knows, we were giv­ Mr. RANKIN. Mr. Speaker, I move around the location of this hospital? en two lists of casualties; one of 78 ,000, that the House resolve itself into the Mr. RANKIN. I do not believe we have and now they tell us it is ~.41,000. The Committee of the Whole House on the that figure at the moment. men from Korea will be hospitalized in State of the Union for the consideration Mr. GOLDEN. I know that in my dis­ veterans' hospitals now. There will be of the bill to provide for the trict we have a number of colored vet­ great need. · establishment of a veterans' hospital for erans who would like to have some place It is my knowledge that the Negro vet­ Negro veterans at the birthplace of to go where they can be treated by their · erans have not been taken care of as 1951 , CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 6193 much as they should be in veterans' · Mr. RANKIN. Oh, you may have one Mr. AUCHINCLOSS. It seems almost hospitals. out of a thousand. incredible to me that you could build a Mr. RANKIN. My attention has been Mr. VAN ZANDT. We will have them hospital for $5,000,000. ·called to the fact that in April, this year, in this hospital if you will locate the Mr. RANKIN. If we were in India or there were 20,940 veterans waiting to get doctors for us. some foreign country, it would probably into hospitals. You will either have to Mr. RANKIN. They will get the doc­ cost $50,000,000; but down at this place build this hospital or expand the ones tors from that area. I think we can build it for $5,000,000. already built, or build another one. This Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. Mr. Mr. AUCHINCLOSS. Will that equip is the only one where these Negro doc­ Chairman, wilf the gentleman yield? the hospital also? .tors can go to show what they can do Mr. RANKIN. I yield. Mr. RANKIN. I think so. for their own people. Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. The Mr. CURTIS of Missouri. Mr. Chair­ Mrs. CHURCH. Mr. Chairman, will gentleman knows also that some of the man, will the gentleman yield? the. gentleman yield? finest medical papers that have been Mr. RANKIN. I yield. Mr. RANKIN. I yield to the gentle­ written have been written by Negro doc­ tors. Mr. CURTIS of Missouri. I have some woman from ·Illinois. figures here, as of May 15, 1951, on the Mrs. CHURCH. I stand second to no Mr. RANKIN. Well, I do not know about that. beds in the hospitals in North Carolina, one in my desire to honor the memory Maryland, West Virginia, Virginia, and of Booker T. Washington. I have some The CHAIRMAN. The time of the .gentleman from Mississippi has again the District of Columbia. It shows there question, however, about whether this is has been authorized by law a total of the best way to do it. I wonder if the expired. Mr. RANKIN. Mr. Chairman, I yield 10,438; actually operating, 9,460; occu­ gentleman would tell me if it is true, as pied, 8,293; reserved, 591; vacant, 561. has been stated, that since the begin­ myself three additional minutes. Mr. AUCHINCLOSS. Mr. Chairman, Does the gentleman have any comment ning of World War I::: there has been, .to make on those figures? up to the introduction of this bill, no ef­ will the gentleman yield? fort at segregating our Negro soldiers. Mr. RANKIN. I yield to the gentle­ Mr. RANKIN. I think your figures Mr. RANKIN. I do not know whether man from New Jersey. cover the District of Columbia, which there has been any effort to segregate Mr. AUCHINCLOSS. When was this has a great many hospitals. them in the hospitals or not. estimate of the cost of this hospital, $5,- Mr. CURTIS of Missouri. No. North Mrs. CHURCH. It is my understand- 000,000, made? Is that based on recent Carolina, Maryland, Virginia, West Vir­ · ing that our method is to recognize the construction costs? ginia, and the District of Columbia. same principle of nonsegregation as that Mr. RANKIN. Yes; these are recent There are only 335 in the District.· The under which they are put into battle. I figures; within the last year or two; complete breakdown is as follows: had always hoped very much that there Beds in VA Hospitals as of May ,15, 1951 would be no effort made at any time, even in honoring the memory of a fine Operating, gentleman or in caring for our veterans, State. Authorized actually Occupied Reserved Vacant to further the principle of segregation, bylaw available as this proposal undoubtedly does. Mr. RANKIN. I would point out to the N ortb Carolina ______------2, 412 1, 830 1, 582 139 109 gentlewoman that the order wiping out 2, 401 2, 401 2, 242 81 78 3, 704 3, 610 3, ·186 167 257 segregation in the Armed Forces was the ~;~r~r~~======West Virginia_ ------= --======------1, 586 1, 284 1, 006 178 100 greatest victory that Stalin has won District of Columbia ______~ ------335 335 277 26 32 since Yalta. It has done more to break TotaL ______••• ___ ••• _. _. __ • __ 591 576 down the morale of the boys in the South 10, 4381 9, 460 I 8, 2931 and to disturb race relations than any­ thing else that Truman has ever done. I believe these figures are accurate, Mr. SHAFER. We realize you do not I do not know who put him up to it, but and if they are it would not indicate the want to take them back down South. I do know that Stalin must have laughed · need that has been stated. Mr. RANKIN . . Not · after they have behind his must!tche when he heard it. Mr. RANKIN. Where did those fig. been to Michigan. Mr. VAN ZANDT. Mr. Chairman, will ures come from? Mr. PRIEST. Mr. Chairman, will the the gentleman yield? Mr. SHAFER. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield? Mr. RANKIN. I yield to the gentle­ gentleman ·yield? Mr. RANKIN. I yield. man from Pennsylvania. Mr. RANKIN. I yield. Mr. PRIEST. I preface my remarks - Mr. VAN ZANDT . . There is one thing Mr. SHAFER. I wonder if the gentle­ by saying that any program or project that worries me about the bill. At the man could tell me if the hospital that to honor the memory of the late Booker present time they are actually closing was constructed for the Veterans' Ad­ T. Washington is a laudable one. I wings of certain Veterans' Administra­ ministration at Ironwood, Mich., I be­ want to ask the gentleman this ques­ tion hospitals. Take the Deshon Hospi­ lieve it is, is now operating. ' tion prefaced by this statement: In my tal at Butler, Pa. They are closing the wings of that hospital because they lack Mr. RANKIN. I do not know; I could own district in Nashville, Tenn., is one not answer. of the great medical colleges of the coun­ doctors, nurses, and technicians. If we try, Maharrie Medical College for Ne­ construct this hospital, where are you Mr. SHAFER. It was built some 3 or 4 years ago and it was not opened yet groes. I wish to ask the gentleman if going to get the doctors, nurses, and we authorize this hospital and it is to be technicians? 2 ·years ago. I am just wondering if we Mr. RANKIN. · I will be very glad to are unable to get doctors and so built honoring the memory of Booker T, answer the gentleman on that point. forth-- Washington, would the gentleman see There is no use of my mincing any words Mr. RANKIN. I cannot answer the any real objection to locating the hospi­ with the gentleman. He knows that they question now, but I will get the gentle­ tal near the Maharrie Medical College put white doctors and white nurses in man the information later. in Nashville, still calling it the Booker T. those hospitals. These Negro doctors Mr. SHAFER. And I would just sug­ Washington Hospital, and enabling them could not get into a hospital in Penn­ gest that possibly these colored boys to staff the hospital from that medical sylvania in 10 years. These Negroes could go up there. college? want tq show what they.can do for them­ Mr. RANKIN. Yes; they do not want Mr. RANKIN. I certainly would. I selves. That is the thing that ·Booker T. to go up there, if you want to know the will tell the gentleman why. Washington always preached: Teach the truth about it. Mr. PRIEST. I shall be happy to learn Negroes to do something for themselves, the gentleman's reasons. and not try to impose them on the white Mr. SHAFER. We have several mil­ people. lion dollars invested in the hospital. Mr. RANKIN. That row has been Mr. VAN ZANDT. I would like to Mr. RANKIN. If you really want to raised by the American Medical Associa­ correct the gentleman, because in Penn­ do something for these Negroes this is tion, and I am not willing to make guinea sylvania we do have Negro doctors. the way to do it. pigs out of the Negroes. The American 6194 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE JUNE 6 Medical Association fell under the in­ Mr. RANKIN. The less they know every angle. Resolutions in support of fluence and control of this fellow Fish­ about the Negroes the more questions the bill were received from the National bein who virtually closed medical schools they want to ask. Yes; I will yield. Baptist Convention, representing 4,000,- all over this country and brought about Mr. WIER. I wish to refer to a ques­ 000 Negro Baptists and from the Benev­ this shortage of doctors. I am not will­ tion which was asked a moment ago on olent Protective Order of Elks of the ing to locate any veterans' hospital near this fioor. Comment was made a min­ World, representing 500,000 loyal Amer­ a medical school just in order to provide ute ago about the need for hospitaliza­ icans. Each of these resolutions pointed guinea pigs for boys who are studying tion of veterans in the areas of West out that the establishment of such a medicine. Virginia, North and South Carolina, and hospital would assist in perpetuating the Mr. PRIEST. Neither do I want to Virginia. ideals and teaching& of Eooker T. Wash­ make guinea pigs of any of our soldiers, Mr. RANKIN. Ask the question. ington. The colored people have every Negro or white, but I do know of my per­ Mr. WIER. Just a moment. reason to be extreme!~· proud of Booker sonal knowledge that this is a fine med­ Mr. RANKIN. Well, I cannot yield for T. Washington. Tht- fine work that is ical school and for that reason I am a statement. being done by Negroes throughout the asking the gentleman the question. Mr. WIER. I am going to ask the country is a great tribute ·to Booker T. Mr. RANKIN. And I am giving the question. Was~ington, and it should be encour­ gentleman my answer. Mr. RANKIN. All right. aged and should be continued. I can Mr. DOLLINGER. Mr. Chairman, Mr. WIER. It is not over 2 weeks ago, see no reason for raising the cry of will the gentleman yield? when the armed services bill was be­ segregation about this hospital. We Mr. RANKIN. I yield. fore the House, that the gentleman from have other special hospitals for special Mr. DOLLINGER. The gentleman West Virginia [Mr. BAILEY] toolc the groups, and that cry is not raised. I made the observation that they had per­ fioor and pleaded for an amendment that think this measure should pass by a very mitted Negroes to have certain doctors. he offered in which he requested the ex­ large majority; in fact, I think it should Mr. . RANKIN. I did not say "Nee­ emption of certain doctors and medical pass unanimously. We are going to groes." attenC:ants so that they could open up a need hospital beds, and I think this Mr. DOLLINGER. Here is the ques­ brand new hospital at Clarksburg, W. Congress will be blamed as it is now tion I wanted to ask, or the statement I Va., I think it was. The same thing ap­ blamed for not having provided them. wanted to make, and that is that this plies, Mr. Chairman, at Minot, N. Dak.; The Committee on Rules has before it disease, segregation, is a disease that the same thing applies in Montana. a bill which will provide the building of this Congress ought to cure. Apparently we have a lot of these monu­ hospitals to accommodate 16,000 more Mr. RANKIN. Well, the gentleman ments, or pork barrels in these various beds. It is still buried in the Commit­ cannot cure it himself and I do not districts that are merely monuments. tee on Rulef.I. The House passed that think the intelligent Negroes are inter­ Mr. RANKIN. No; no; this is not a bill last year unanimously, the Senate ested in what the gentleman thinks. monument. It is a Negro veterans' hos­ did not pass it, so it is back for con­ Mr. VAN ZANDT. Mr. Chairman, pital. -Those Negro doctors could not get sideration again. I would like to say will the gentleman yield? into the hospitals that the gentleman to the House that here is a hospital, if Mr. RANKIN. I yield. just mentioned but they can get into we pass this bill, that will be ready to Mr. VAN ZANDT. I understand this this one, if you pass this bill. take veterans that are very much in hospital will be known as the Booker T. There ought not to be any opposition need of treatment. I think I told you Washington Hospital. Does that mean to it. of the great number of colored amputees that the policy of the gentleman's com­ Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. at the Walter Reed Hospital. We are mittee has been changed and that we Mr. Chairman, I yield myself such time going to be blamed for not providing may expect his committee to name these as I may desire. hospitalization that we could provide. hospitals in the future? Mr. Chairman, as has been stated, this There is no question in my mind as to Mr. RANKIN. This bill does not pro­ bill passed the House of Representatives the need for new hospitals for the Vet­ vide a name, I may say to the gentle­ twice; both in the Eightieth and Eighty­ erans' Administration. I spoke at some man, but it places it at his old home in first Congresses, with not a vote against length on this phase of the problem on Virginia. it so far as I can recall. It came out May 3. Since that time we have en­ Mr. MULTER. Mr. Chairman, will of our committee, I think, unanimously; acteu Public Law No. 28, which gives the gentleman yield? at least, that is my recollection. I can full medical, hospital, and domiciliary Mr. RANKIN. I yield. see no reason for its not passing and benefits to all persons who have served Mr. MULTER. Would the gentle­ every reason for its passing. When the in the Armed Forces after June 27, 1950, man mind telling us-I understood him Veterans' Administration gave us figures the opening date of the Korean con­ to say that this hospital if erected would of 21,000 veterans on the waiting list, flict. The burden that this authoriza­ be for Negro veterans and would be they did not take into consideration the tion places upon the Department of staffed by Negro doctors. Is there any vast number of NP or TB cases that are Medicine and Surgery of the Veterans' difference in the surgical or medical to be hospitalized in Veterans' Admin­ Administration is on~ that will be criti­ technique of Negro doctors, or in the istration ·hospitals by order of General cal and difficult to administer. Hos­ needs of Negro veterans as against white Marshall; also, since we passed the bill pitals cannot be constructed and placed veterans, or vice versa, or in anything about 2 weeks ago, ordering the hos­ in operation overnight. After comple­ that a white doctor can prescribe and pitalization of Korean veterans, a bill tion is usually takes about 10 months perform that a Negro doctor cannot? which should have been passed a year before one is fully operative. Mr. RANKIN. Let me point out to the ago, these veterans previously could not It might be pertinent to say here gentleman this Negro, George Washing­ secure hospitalization, and since that that on April 15, 1951, there were 21,126 ton Carver, brought information that the time we have had a very heavy load, un­ disabled veterans upon the waiting Negroes had gathered in Africa for a fortunately, of Korean veterans apply­ lists for hospitalization. Of this num­ thousand years. The gentleman him­ ing for hospitalization. It is often very ber 20,940 were non-service-connected self would probably be amazed if he difficult for colored veterans to secure cases, or at least they were classified '.ls would get that book and read it. hospitalization. They have not been such. In all fairness, it should be I would like to know where they could treated too fairly. Also·, I think it is a stated again that there are many thou­ get any better treatment than these very great step in the right direction for sands of veterans in hospitals who are Negroes get in the Tuskegee Hospital the Negro doctors. They can practice listed as nonservice connected but who that is staffed entirely by Negro doctors in this hospital, and they will do great also had service-connected disabilities. and nurses. Everyone in charge of that work. They are fine doctors, very fine They were admitted as non-service-con­ hospital is a Negro. They are getting surgeons, and the colored people want nected cases because the major diag­ along splendidly, but that is what the them. nosis was that of non-service-connected opposition wants to displace. Mr. Chairman, the Committee on Vet­ disability. Add to these cases the Mr. WIER. Mr. Chairman, will the erans' Affairs has completed hearings on hundreds of others who are now rated gentleman yield? the measure and has considered it from as nonservice connected but will be des- 1951 CONGRESSIONAL -RECORD-HOUSE 6195 ignated as service connected after com­ sands more. There are two estimates Mr. MULTER. Is it the position of plete adjudication of their claims, and on the casualty list, one of 141,000 and the committee that sponsors this bill the picture changes materially. the original estimate of 78,000. That that the Negro veterans throughout the The authorization of $5,000,000 called 141,000 list includes, unfortunately, South are not being hospitalized and for in this bill will erect a 200-bed hos­ amputees. They are not called war casu­ are not getting hospital care? pital. B is needed, and I, for one, do alties. Mental cases are not called war Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. I not believe that the question of segre­ casualties. cannot speak for the committee, but it gation is a factor in its authorization. At Walter Reed Hospital they are is my contention that they are not get­ Mr. H. CARL ANDERSEN. Mr. Chair.. overcrowded. They are pushing them ting as much care as they should. They man, will the gentlewoman yield? from ward to ward, not giving the men in are not getting hospitalization as quickly Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. I the hospital proper care, because they as they should either. They have to yield to the gentleman from Minnesota. are turning them out too soon. wait for hospitalization. This will help Mr. H. CARL ANDERSEN. I was Mr. ROONEY. Mr. Chairman, will the them immensely in their care. It will much impressed with the argument put gentlewoman yield? be their own hospital. I think it is a up by the gentleman from Tennessee Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. I great thing for· them. [Mr. PRIEST] when he urged that this yield to the gentleman from New York. Mr. MULTER. I cannot understand hospital, which I concede to be a very fine Mr. ROONEY. How many· beds would that, because in New York we do not thing, be placed near a medical center. there be in this proposed $5,000,000 hos­ have that difficulty. We have Negro I agree with that. That is the concept pital? doctors and Negro nurses working side to which all veterans' organizations in Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. Two by side with white doctors and white the State of Minnesota have come. We hundred beds. nurses, treating white and Negro pa­ have come to the conclusion that we Mr. ROONEY. How many doctors tients in the same -hospitals. I cannot - should have our veterans' hospitals near would be required? understand why you need 200 beds to the big medical centers, the Mayo Clinic, Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. I take care of just Negroes who need hos­ for example, and the Twin Cities areas, do not have that figure here but I could pitalization. both of which are entirely out of my get it for the gentleman. Probably 14. Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. I district. I for one will not advocate the It is a great chance for the colored peo­ have felt that all over the country we establishment of a veterans' hospital in ple to have their own doctors in hos­ have Negroes who have more difficulty in mY congressional district, because we pitals. Also it is a great ~hing for the securing hospitalization than the white do not have the medical facilities, re­ colored nurses. They make very fine people. I think this will be a tremen­ search staffs, and so forth, that are nurses. i have visited Tuskeegee, and dous boon to the colored people. I have needed. I know the fine care they get there. never been for segregation of any kind. Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. I Mr. ROONEY. It is proposed that the I have worked on their claims for com­ should like to say to the gentleman that medical staff include white doctors? pensation for years. I am not speaking this is less than 30 miles from a large Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. I of this as a novice. Many may know Veterans' Administration hospital at think some may go there, but it would much more than I do, but I have had Roanoke, Va., which has segregated be chiefly colored doctors. I think the experience. I have had experience with wards caring for 500 Negro veterans. colored people like that. I know many their daims. As you know, prompt hos­ Mr. WIER. Mr. Chairman, will the colored persons, and they like their col­ pitalization of a veteran means that his gentlewoman yield? ored doctors. claim has a much better chance of being Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. I Mr. RANKIN. Mr. Chairman, will service-connected and opens all kinds of yield to the gentleman from Minnesota. the lady yield? doors to him. Mr. WIER. I hope the gentlewoman Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. I Mr. CHELF. Mr. Chairman, will the wUl agree with some of us from the yield to the gentleman from Mississippi. gentlewoman yield? Middle West in the continued demand Mr. RANKIN. The bill we have for Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts, I here for hospitalization and the pro­ the 16,000 hospital beds, that is now yield. posal before us today for this new hos· pending before the Rules Committee, Mr. CHELF. As I understand it, this pital, that we have been attempting in covers the entire country. I think it hospital which is proposed to be con­ the Middle West for some time to take will take care of the gentleman's situa- structed will serve the States of Ken­ care of a large segment of veterans who tion. · tucky, Tennessee, West Virginia, and have been removed or are being elimi· Mr. ROONEY. I voted for it. Virginia, and the immediately surround­ nated from our present veterans' hos­ Mr. RANKIN. I know the gentleman ing territory? pitals. We are attempting in the Mid· did. Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. It dle West to reopen and reactivate Schick Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. Yes, is supposed to, but I think also if it has Hospital at Clinton, Iowa, for domicili· and the gentleman from New York the beds it will take in the colored people ary cases. knows that we fought very hard for it of other areas, also. Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. I and the House of Representatives voted Mr. CHELF. Is this figure correct have been fighting my head off to have for 16,000 beds, and you appropriated which I have before me, that there are that opened. It is a scandal that we the money for that. A lot of us have some 51,000 Negro veterans in the State do not insist that hospitals be opened to fought for the continuation of -the build­ of Virginia alone? take care of this load. Take the mental ing of those hospitals. I think this is Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. The hospitals in Massachusetts, each of going to help you in getting your beds. State of Virginia has a very large Negro which is carrying a load of 0.06 percent Mr. MULTER. Mr. Chairman, will population and all those men have not over capacity, a very dangerous thing the gentlewoman yield? received the compensation or hospital­ indeed. I know a hospital should be Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. I ization that they should have. opened in the Middle West. yield to the gentleman from New York. Mr. CHELF. This particular hospital Mr. WIER. Then why should I be ex .. Mr. MULTER. I am sure the gentle­ will have only 200 beds? pected here to vote for a $5,000,000 brand woman will not find fault with my pro­ Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. new hospital to be constructed when we nunciation of the word "Negro," as the That is right, it is a very small number, already have unused hospitals? distinguished chairman did. really. Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. I do Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. I Mr. CHELF. In my opinion the gen­ not feel that way about it. I feel that have always said "Negro." tlewoman is correct, and I shall be happy if we can get this hospital we should. Mr. MULTER. It never sounds like to vote for this bill. I should like to have more hospital anything but "Negro" when the gentle­ Mr. JONAS. Mr. Chairman, will the beds in my own district, many more, woman and I use the word. gentlewoman yield? but I am not going to vote against this Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. I Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. I just for that reason. You will ·need am from a part of the country where yield. 1 your beds in the West. Unfortunately, they do not pronounce it in any other Mr. JONAS. I believe I can support I think we will need thousands and thou- way. this bill if one question is cleared up for , 6196 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-=HOUSE JUNE 6 r me, and that is: When this hospital is Mr. H. C/..RL ANDERSEN. Mr. Mr. RANKIN. The Negro veterans' built, will it be anywhere adjacent to a. Chairman, will the gentlewoman yield? hospital at Tuskegee, Ala., is farther re­ medical center or an institution of learn­ _ Mrs. r..OGERS of Mas&achusetts. I moved. from any Negro medical center ing where they teach medicine and yield. than this institution would be. They where they have all the facilities that are . Mr. H. CARL ANDERSEN. We have have gqt along splendidly. I know what necessery to properly operate a hospital had brought out se_veral times in the I, am talking about. I have teen chair­ in accordance with the rules and regula­ pa.st 5 or 6 years in the Subcommittee man of the Veterans Committee for al­ .tions prescribed to operate a standard on Appropriations for the Department most 20.:years, and I have been in toach hospital commensurate with the Na­ of Labor and Federal Security, that there ·with every ve.terans' hospital and repre­ tional Hospital Association? are only two colleges in America, Howard sentatives of those hospitals. I know Mr. RANKIN. I will say to the gen­ University here and one in Nashville, tpey · are getting along splendidly at tleman that they have medical schools where they instruct young Negro stu­ 'l;'uskeegee. They are not up against a and medical centers on all sides of the dents in the art of medicine. Yet here medical SGhool, and therefore these sick proposed hospital. we have a proposition before us which and wounded veterans are not used as Mr. JONAS. How close are they? seeks to locate a hospital for the Negro guinea pigs. Mr. RANKIN. Well, someone said race 200 miles away from any center Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. I there was a school 10 miles away and which has to do with instructing Negro agree with the gentleman. another one probably 15 miles. But doctors. I do not think that is the right I want to repeat the statement I made they are close enough. thing to do, and I think we should seri­ previously: I have never been in favor Mr. JONAS. If they are within 10 or ously consider fallowing the suggestion of segregation. I believe the testimony 15 miles then it is all right.· I have had of the gentleman from Tennessee [Mr. before our committee by the daughter some txperience with hospitals, and if PRIEST] and locate this hospital some­ of Booker T. Washington, Mrs. Portia they are within 10 or 15 miles they will where in the vicinity of Nashville. Washington Pittman, is most significant. redound to the benefit of this hospital. Mr. HAYS of Ohio. Mr. Chairman She said: But when you get beyond the 20- or 25- will the gentlewcman yield? ' As far as segregation is concerned, I think mile limit y'ou get in trouble because you l,\1rs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. I this hospital would help there because of cannot get the doctors and the nurses to yield. the psychological effect that the name go there. Medicine is a highly special­ Mr. HAYS of Ohio. As I understand Booker T. Washington has on the colored ized science today and you cannot oper­ it this bill provides for a hospital for people. And I think these veterans who go ate· a hospital if it is too far away from Negro veterans to be staffed by Negro there would also come to believe, like him, the seat of learning. doctors; is that correct? that if we are offered opportunities as a race for education and other things, that this Mr. RANKIN. I understand that Mrs. ROGERS of Mass£i,chusetts. That matter of segregation will take care of itself; Roanoke, Va., is less than 15 miles away. is the understanding, although there may it will disappear without agitation. Mr. JONAS. Then maybe it may be some white doctors there also. work out all right. Mr. HAYS of Ohio. The point I want Mr. Chairman, I yield to the gentle­ Mr. CHELF. May I ask the gentle­ to make is that there is no school any­ man from Idaho. woman a question? Wh3re near the proposed 10t.fi.L1:.1 of this Mr. WOOD of Idaho. What difference Mr-:. ROGERS of Massachusetts. Yes. hospital which trains Negro doctors. does it make as to where the doctors are Mr. CHELF. Have you experienced Mr.s. ROGERS of Massachusetts. I trained? They are trained in any train­ any difficulty or trouble in the past about may say to the gentleman it would be ing school that takes medical students. getting a sufficient staff necessary for ve:r.y easy to send those Negro doctors I have attended a great many of them these Negro hospitals? . a way to be trained and bring them back and ·have seen a great many of them. I Mrn. ROGERS o~ MassachusettB. No; to work in this hospital. have not seen any place where there are my understanding is that over a period Mr. HAYS of Ohio. I would not want not Negro students. I do not think there of quite a good many years there has to argue that point, but someone brought is any particular law or regulation never been a::ly difficulty. up U_e point that if this were close against it. Mr. CHELF. Do you anticipate any enough to a recognized tric: ining school As to the question of being close to a trouble in th~ s particular instance? they would :Je for it, and I did not want medical center, about the only reason Mrs. ROGE.... 1.S of Massachusetts. No; any i.aisconception in anybody's mind :(or that is that every well-equipped vet­ there has neve:r. :leen a·: y difficulty. You about that. erans' hospital has about all the machin­ will have your patients and you will have Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. I ery that would be needed in any other your doctors and you will have your unde!stoc•d the gentleman to mean any veterans' hospital, no matter where they nurses and attendants. I think this hos­ hospital where they were training doc­ are located. The only advantage in be­ phal will be a great success and a great tors. You have doctors being trained in ing contiguou~ to any large medical cen­ credit to everybody. nearby P..oanoke and other hospitals. ter would be for the use of medical con­ Mr. DAWS'1N. l\1r. Chairman, will Mr. CHELF. What difference does it sultants. I think the average_ medical the gentlewoman ;ield? make if the medical center is a thou­ attendant at any Veterans' Administra­ Mr:::. ROGERS of Massachusetts. I sand miles away? If those Negro veter­ tion ·hospital would be perfectly compe­ yield. ans are there and if they need to be serv­ tent to take care of anything that might Mr. DAWSON. Did the gentlewoman iced and if they need to go to the hos­ come up in the ordinary way. The say that there was an outstanding medi­ pital, . why should the hospital not be salaries which they ordinarily pay at the cai center near this proposed hospital? constructed where they are located? It Veterans' Administration hospitals are Mrs. ROJERS of Massachusetts. does not make any difference how far not large enough usually to cover the That is my understanding, that Roanoke the school is away from the hospital. necessary special skills required; for in­ is very near. I am sorry, perhaps I did They can fly there or go by train or they stance, such as medical consultants. not hear the gentleman's question fully. can waik, if necessary. ' There are many specialized conditions Mr. DAV~'E ON. Is ther~ a medical which might come up where it would Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. school at Roano~ . e? be a distinct advantage to be within 50 Al~~ it will be a _great boon to the Negro Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. doctors. miles, but with modern travel, especially They have ·training there for doctors. in the East, I would not figure that 30- Mr. DA WEON. How many ~egro doc­ Mr. CHELF. This question of location near a medical center does not appeal mile or 10-mile deal would have much tors are there in Roanoke? to do with it. Mrs. RCUERS of Massachusetts. I to me. It is a question of locating the hospital where it is needed. Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. I cannot give the gentleman that infor­ thank the gentleman for his observation. mation. Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. Of Mr. DAWSON. How many Negro in­ course. Mr. Chairman, I yield 2 minutes to the habitants are there in Roanoke? Mr. RANKIN. Mr. Chairman, will gentleman from Maryland, - General Mrs. ROGERS of -Massachusetts. I the lady yield? I)EVEREUX. - t~ink the doctors can en..sily lJ~ trained Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. I Mr. DEVEREUX. Mr. Chairman, I there if it is necessa·ry to do that. yield to the gentleman from Mississippi. rise in opposition to this bill. 1951 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 6197 As a member of the committee, I made made by a Negro doctor, not because he Mr. JONAS. Mr. Chairman, will · the an effort to find out something about was a Negro, but because he was a doc­ gentleman yield? the bill. I found that hearings had been · tor who had given· study to the anatomy Mr. DAWSON. ·I yield to the gentle­ held previously, and therefore I was re­ of man, to the physiology of man, until man from Illinois. stricted to the report. he knew every muscle, every nerve. It Mr. JONAS. I heartily agree with the First. I think it is bad legislation and matters not whether the skin of a human statement of the gentleman about the that it is very definitely class legislation. being be black or white; the heart is the question where this hospital is to be lo­ From reading the report I have not been same within the body. cated and the facilities that will be avail­ able to determine that any need has been Since when has it become necessary able to carry on the necessary functions shown for this particular hospital at this to get a Negro doctor to wait upon a that hospitals must engage in. . I pre­ particular place. Negro patient? I can remember the days sume the gentleman knows that since The question of staffing the hospital in the South when there were but few 1944 there has been a shortage of nurses also arose. I think it has been brought Negro doctors here and there, but there in this country to the extent of 40,000 a out on the ftoor today that we have many were thousands, and thousands, and year and that the number of doctors has hospital beds now available where pa­ thousands of human beings to be cared gone down to a state now where it has tients cannot be taken because we do for. The white doctors did not count become a calamity. not have a sufficient staff. I might also the color of the patient then; they knew Mr. DAWSON. That is right. point out that the Veterans' Adminis­ that their job as a doctor w~s to cure Mr. JONAS. Unless you have the fa­ tration is opposed to this particular leg­ the human being. We must see man as cilities where you can take advantage of islation. a human being wherever we find him if the doctors and the nurses and the per­ The CHAIRMAN. The time of the we are to make progress. We have a sonnel that is required to staff a hospital, gentleman from Maryland has expired. scarcity of doctors among us just like such as is possible in large centers, you Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. Mr. you have a scarcity of doctors among cannot run a hospital. Chairman, I yield 5 minutes to the gen­ you. Mr. DAWSON. The gentleman is cor­ tleman from Illinois [Mr. DAWSON]. Do you think for 1 minute that as long rect. Mr. DAWSON. Mr. Chairman, I re­ as there is a scarcity of doctors we are Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. Mr. gret that we have to take the ftoor at this going to get them to leave their lucrative Chairman, if the gentleman will yield, time, but I feel that I could not be fair practices and go down and isolate them­ I would like to say to the gentleman that to my conscience, and I could not be fair selves in this isolated community? They I, too, feel that the colored people should to you if I did not express myself on the are not going to do that any more than have an equal chance with the white peo­ present legislation. the leading doctors of your group are ple, and that is one reason that I am I am opposed to the legislation for the going to leave their lucrative practices in favoring this bill, because .of my very long reason that, first, it is class legislation; the big cities and seek work in the vet­ years of experience I know that the col­ there is no reason under the sun why erans' hospitals at less pay. That is ored people have more difficulty in get­ this Federal Government should build a why we have a· scarcity of doctors in the ting hospitalization than the white peo­ hospital for Negroes any more than it veterans' hospitals. ple. I have. always been against segre­ should build hospitals for Italians, for So I submit to you that the proponents gation, but I do not consider this to be Japanese, or any other section of its of this legislation have shown no reason segregation. citizenry, Certainly, we are going to why they should build this hospital to Mr. DAWSON. Would the gentle­ care for our veterans. We would be an honor Booker Washington w.lio has al­ woman support an amendment to take ungratdul people if we did not do that. ready been so highly honored; they have the word "Negro" out? But when you begin to pick out the vet­ shown no need for these additional vet­ Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. Not erans and classify them by either color, erans' facilities specifically in the case in this case because I feel this is being religion, or nationality, you are depart­ of Negro veterans, for they can go into fair to the veterans, to the doctors, and ing from every fundamental principle any Government hospital supported by you will have more colored nurses as the upon which this Government was the taxpayers' money-and that is as result to relieve the medical situation. founded. it should be. I therefore submit to you The CHAIRMAN. The time of the This Nation has honored Booker T. that there is no purpose in this legisla­ gentleman from Illinois has expired. Washington as it has honored few of its tion that will be a good purpose or serve Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. Mr. citizens. In the Hall of Fame you will the interests of this country at this time, Chairman, I yield 2 minutes to the gen­ see his bust, placed there not because or to serve the interest of the veterans tleman from New York [Mr. I>oWELL]. he was a Negro but because he was a at this time. Mr. POWELL. Mr. Chairman, I am human being who made a contribution Mr. JAVITS. Mr. Chairman, will the unalterably opposed to this bill. You to humanity. Professor Carver was one gentleman yield? may take the pledged word of my col­ of the greatest scientists this country has league, the gentleman from the First ever produced. He made his great con­ Mr. DAWSON. I yield. District of Illinois [Mr. DAWSON] and tribution not to the Negroes but to all Mr. JAVITS. It has been said that :r;nyself, the only two Negro Members of America. His research into the possi­ there are 20,000 veterans awaiting hos­ this body, when we speak for Negro bilities of the peanut created for the pi taliza ti on. people in this House on this issue. I farmers of this country-not the Negro Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. think you ought to respect that. There f t..rmers but the farmers of this coun­ There are many more than 20,000. is not a single organization in this coun­ try-created for them one of the great­ Mr. JAVITS. There are at least 20,- try, North or South, of any established est markets for a farm product that has 000 veterans awaiting hospitalization. reputation, of our race, that is in favor ever been made by one man's effort. Many of those are Negroes. I am very of this bill. Why, then, should we today do a thing pleased to have kept this bill from I want to present a couple of other that is not . honorable in the name of passing on the Consent Calendar as long things. I want you to know that those Booker T. Washington, a man who has ago as March 19 by my objections be­ organizations that are supposed to be &!ready been honored by this great Na­ cause I believe that it is fundamentally in favor of this bill are looked upon as tion high above any honor that will ever unsound and turns the clock back to­ organizations of disrepute by the people come possibly to any mln or woman now ward segregation instead of directly of our race, meaning Mr. DAWSON and sitting here in this Congress? To honor away from it, the direction we must go me. his name further, therefore, is not nec­ if we wish to have freedom. Will the I want you to also think carefully as essary. Neither does a condition exist gentleman tell us whether he feels that to who owns this land where this hospital where there should be 200 beds set aside Negroes desire to have preference over is going to be built. I make no charges, in a small place down in a small com­ ·white veterans in getting into veterans' but that matter should be examined. I munity for Negro veterans. hospitals? know about Franklin County. That is We Negroes have good doctors, doc­ Mr. DAWSON. We do not desire where my dad was born. My dad was tors who know the anatomy of man. I preference in fighting, in dying, in living. born next door to Booker T. Washington can recite to you that the first success­ All that we want is equal opportunity in a log cabin at the junction of two ful operation on a human heart was with every other human being. \ · creeks, one· called the Maggotty and the 6198 C()°:NGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE JUNE 6 other called Soak. · I know who owns Mr. ARMSTRONG. I will say to the Mr. RANKlN. Down ·at ·Tuskegee, this land and I know the so-called faun- gentleman that Indian~ should be no Ala., they have had a Negro hospital dation in back of this movement. more wards of the Government than Ne- since the First World War. They have The veterans' Administration is op- groes or whites or members of any other had no such questions raised, and we posed to this bill, and always has been, race. have had no trouble with it. beginning when General Bradley was in Mr. POWELL. Negroes are not wards; Mr. FULTON. If there are these vet­ charge. I would like to point out further I agree with the gentleman. erans' hospitals there, is there, then, re­ that there are 1,000 vacant beds right Mr. ARMSTRONG. Since the In­ gardless of the discrimination, need for now in the Veterans' Administration. spital beds. At present they concerned. Yes; we have Negroes in all Booker T. Washington Memorial Foun­ are admitted. If the gentleman from these veterans' hospitals. We have dation and Dr. Phillips. Find out who Mississippi wants to perform a real serv­ separate wards for them. In the South owns the land, and see just what is back ice for veterans, he should try to see we take care of the Negroes better than of this whole thing and who is involved that the existing institutions have every anywhere else in the world. We do not in this. penny that we can allocate to make them need anybody from New York coming Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. the best in the world. Instead of pour­ down there to stir up race trouble to tell Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman ing $5,000,000 down the rat-hole of seg­ us what to do. The southern Negroes yield? regation, let us make certain that much­ do not want them, either. Mr. POWELL. I yield. needed equipment and other· necessities Now, you are either going to vote for Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. are given to the hospitals now operating, this bill or shut the door of hope in the The gentleman realizes full well that as well as to those that will soon be built. face of these Negroes who want this the Veterans' Administration, ever If it is the intention of the sponsor · hospital in order that their doctors may since its inception, has fought the of this bill to honor the memory of some practice there and show what they are building of hospita~ after hospital. Th~ outst~nding colored person, I suggest able to do. · gentleman knows that full well? that this be done by naming one of the Mr. JAVITS. Mr. Chairman, will the Mr. POWELL. I will tell you one hospitals now under construction for gentleman yield? thing, I think it is a very good idea Frederick Douglas, Dr. George W. Carver, Mr. RANKIN. I yield. right now not to build any hospitals un­ Crispus Attucks, or any of the great citi­ Mr. JAVITS. Is it a fact that the til we find doctors and nurses to take zens who have made contributions to the money that the gentleman seeks in this care of the 1,000 empty beds in our hos­ growth of this Nation. Let it also be bill is northern money as well as southern pitals at this moment. clear that, although such an institution money? Mrs. ROGERS· of Massachusetts. would carry the name of one of these Mr. RANKIN. Oh, of course, it is the Will the gentleman yield further? citizens, it would be open to all veterans whole country. A great deal of it comes Mr. POWELL. I yield. without regard to race, religion, or na­ from the South. The real power behind Mrs. ROCERS of Massachusetts. tional ancestry. the opposition is a Communist-infested I think if we could secure this hospital~ H. R. 314 cannot be amended in any organization known as the Association it would mean added nurses and doc­ way that will make it acceptable to those for the Advancement of the Colored tors: who believe that all citizens of the United People. Mr. POWELL. I do not know how States are entitled to be treated as equals. I hope this motion is voted down. that could happen when we cannot get We would make a tragic mistake if we The CHAIRMAN. The time of the them now. Members of this body are passed this bill. It would open the door gentleman has expired. being asked to waste $5,000,000 of the for any group of schemers to come to The question is on the motion to strike taxpayers' money on a foolish scheme to Congress for appropriations and funds out the enacting clause. build a hospital for colored veterans. with which to carry out their wasteful The question was taken; and on a This proposal is merely an<;>ther attempt plans. to saddle a program of racial segrega­ division (demanded by Mr. RANKIN) Finally, let me say that I have received there were--ayes 136, noes 57. tion on the Federal Government. I hope a communication from 27 organizations So the motion was agreed to. every Member of this body will realize Mr. FULTON. Mr. Chairman, I ob­ that a vote for H. R. 314 is a vote for ra­ vitally interested in civil rights in the cial segregation of wounded veteraris. United States. All of them ask that ject to the vote on the ground that a It is proposed that this hospital, com­ H. R. 314 be defeated. quorum is not present. monly called a memorial to Booker T. The CHAffiMAN. The time of the Mr. RANKIN. Mr. Chairman, a point Washington, be located in an isolated gentleman from New York has expired. of order; the gentleman cannot make area of the State of Virginia. Not only Mr. RANKIN. Mr. Chairman, I rise that motion in the Committee of the would this be inconvenient for any vet­ in opposition to the motion. Whole. erans who had the misfortune of being In the first place, Mr. Chairman, I The CHAIRMAN. The vote discloses sent there, but it would also be a severe have had a great many conferences with that a quorum is present. The Com­ strain on their relatives and friends who these Negroes who are advocating . this mittee will rise. might wish to visit them. hospital. They represent the Negroes of Accordingly the Committee rose; and At present the Veterans' Administra­ the South. These attacks on this hos­ the Speaker pro tempo re having resumed tion has a program aimed at locating pital do not come from the South, nor the chair, Mr. PHILBIN, Chairman of the hospitals in or near areas where the have I heard of any protest from the Committee of the Whole House on the best medical knowledge,· skill, and southern Negroes against it. All this State of the Union, reported that that equipment will be easily available. This charge against Portia Washington Pitt- Committee, having had under consider- 1951 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 6201 ation the bill

It is cruel to use the name Booker T. One Member of Congress recently informed of economy on projects which do not Washington to ensnare the unwary. me that the Veterans' Administration placed affect their districts and yet who cry a new hospita.!. site in Baltimore rather than out, "It is such a relatively small a.mcunt Surely, if he were alive, he would resent Cumberland, Md., because the latter city was any hospital catering only to Negroes and not close enough to a large medical center. oJ money" when it involves expenditures sponsored by the Government. He · Franklin Ccunty, Virginia, is even more re­ for projects ·within their district. would not want it named for him. His mote from such medical centers than Cum­ The greatest thing that any of us can life and works belie segregation. berland. Hence, a hospital placed there do for our people. today and for our The gentleman from Mississippi claims would be a serious threat to the physical children tomorrow is to start backing that Negroes appreciate this recognition. well-being of veterans unfortunate enough away at the tremendous Federal debt They do not appreciate-in fact, they to be sent to it. we have piled up. This is the greatest deprecate-recognition as second-class Aside from the basic issue of class leg­ thing we can do for our people today citizens. Segregation means second­ islation, there is ·t.he further poiut of because herein lies the basic cause of claSs citizenship. They are entitled to €c:momy and proper use of F.)deral funds. inflation which has badly affected our equality in case of hospitalization­ There is considerable question as to standard of living and threatens our equality in sickness and health. whether there is an actual need for this future. It is the greatest thing we can No. :r shall emphatically vote against hospital and certainly there has been no do for our children because we have no this blll. . well-founded assertion that there is an i·ight to place such a mortgage upon Mr. CURTIS of Missouri. Mr. emergency. them, we who inherited not a debt, but Speaker, I want to call to the Members' . There is no question that the pro­ a handsome bank balance from our pred­ attention the position of the National posed Booker 'l'. Washington Memorial ecessors. Association for the Advancement of Col­ Veterans Hospital would provide certain Economy must begin at home. For ored People, as expressed by Clarence benefits to certain of our citizens. me it begins in the Twelfth District of Mitchell, director.of the Washington bu­ As a matter of fact, any person can Missouri. I told my people that when I reau, in the fallowing letter: sit down and figure out things to do was campaigning for election. I have reiterated it time and again. I restate I take this opportunity to send to you a which would produce certain benefits for communication urging that every effort be certain of our citizens. it now. I want no person or group from made to defeat H. R. 314. This bill pro- The question before this House now the Twelfth District of Missouri writing • poses to use $5,000,000 of Federal money for and constantly before the House in these me or seeing me about projects to spend the building of a hospital at Booker T. times is whether these proposals are in money in that district. It will do no Washington's birthplace in Franklin County, the interest of the over-all welfare of our good. I will oppose it. In return, I ex­ Va. · pect similar pledges from my colleagues Because a. great many people who wish to citizens. It has been stated, by cynics, I believe, down here. honor Mr. Washington's memory may think The talk is of economy, but there is that this is the way of doing it, ~ hope that that the people, if given the power of little practice of it. Fed~ral funds to the you will explain on the floor of Congress that self-government, would bankrupt their this is one of worst possible ways of discrimi­ government by con8ta.ntly going to the free-enterprise system is like dope. It nating against colored veterans. Treasury for the means to finance their h as very valuable medicinal values but We have carefully canvassed the present immediate desires. abused it can produce tragic addicts. available bed space for veterans in Mary­ The dope peddlers are not friends of the land, Virginia, West Virginia, North Caro­ Until a few years ago this cynical ob­ dC1pe addict though the addict may seek lina, and the District of Columbia. There servr.tion had little basis for support. the peddler out and cry to high heaven are 10,438 beds authorized for veterans in The integrity of the American people if his source is cut off. the hospitals of these States and the Dis­ was such that they preferred to defer I say it is high time to call the ped­ trict. We are advised that 9,460 beds are immediate benefits to themselves in the actually in use but nearly 1,000 others can­ d_lers of Federal funds for what they belief that such denial would redound to are. Their interest is not the welfare not be used because of a shortage of trained th: benefit of their children. Further­ personnel and for other reasons. Hence, as of the people. a matter of giving the best service to vet­ more, they had faith the economic sys­ Mr. HUGH D. SCOTT, JR. Mr. erans, the money might be more wisely spent tem of free enterprise would bring about Speaker, I rise in opposition to H. R. 314, in doing every possible thing to see that these desired things with patience and a bill for the establishment of a veterans' present hospital facilities and the buildings hard work. hospital for Negro veterans in Franklin now in existence or under consideration op­ There has been a change in the past erate at maximum efficiency. County, Va., at a cost of $5,000,000. I two dec!l.des. The Treasury is being have consistently favored the establish­ During my conversations with some of raided every day for worth-while enter­ the Members of Congress, I have been told ment and maintenance of all necessary that they were under the impression that prises. Each person seems to be out­ facilities for the care of veterans and the hospital would provide additional fa­ doing the other to figure out riew worth­ had the efforts on the part of Members cilities for colored people, and, therefore, while projects we might embark upon. from the Pennsylvania area been fol­ they thought it was a good thing. We hope Those who oppose the expenditure of lowed in connection with the Valley very much t r at you will point out that the governmental funds for these projects Forge Hospital much of the expense of NAACP maintains a constant watch on the are branded as being antisocial and op­ its premature closing and subsequent re­ treatment of veterans in various hospitals' posed to the purposes of the project itself. faciaties. There are occasions when at­ opening and refurbishing with new tempts are made to discriminate against col-· So it h&.s become . that those who are e('_uipment could have been avoided. ored veterans but we always seek and ob.­ most concerned with the people's wel­ The proposal to establish this hospital tain correction of such discrimination. We fare are pictured as being opposed to it, is unwarranted because no need for it believe that any public institution, and most and those, who in their short-sighted has been shown. Furthermore, this bill especially a hospital, should be open to all way are in effect undermining the future is OPPosed by the Veterans' Administra­ people without regard to race. prospects of our children, are pictured as tion as proposing to set up a hospital in The Veterans' Administration has not al­ being imbued with all the fine qualities a remote and isolated area where facil­ ways moved as rapidly on these matters as of love for their fellow man. we hoped but there is a definite trend in the ities for treatment cannot fail to be re­ right direction which most certainly would However, I have more faith in the stricted and inadequate. be reversed 1f there is an appropriation for American people than apparently do I now come to the best and strongest a hospital for colored veterans. some. I am impressed with the govern­ reason for opposing this bill, and that is One alternative that has been suggested in ment of the State of Utah refusing Fed­ its designation as a hospital for Negro this legislation appears to resolve the prob­ eral funds, a city in Illinois refusing a veterans. I know of no hospitals which lem on the surface but actually would not new Post office, Congressme1' on the are established for the treatment of accomplish anything. It has been suggested floor of this House refusing special funds white veterans, or French veterans, or by some that the hospital be built with the for projects in their own district, and under~ tanding that it will be available to all Greek veterans or Jewish veterans, or persons without regard to race or creed. In similar indications of a. broader view­ veterans who are also members of actual practice, of course, no white persons point. J.ehovah's Witnesses. would be sent to this hospital because of its I am unimpressed with those colleagues In Korea last fall I saw many seriously bad location. of mine who speak on the fioor in favor wounded vete:rans coming off the field of 1951 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 6203 battle and receiving treatment at Army utes· and the gentleman from Oregon tain projects which were lowest on the hospitals and aboard Navy hospital [Mr. STOCKMAN] to 30 minutes. priority list in order to provide funds for ships. Some were white and some were Mr. BATES of Kentucky. Mr. Chair­ the increased cost of completing other Negro troops, many of the latter from man, I yield myself 10 minutes. projects already started or of higher the famous Twenty-fourth Regiment of Mr. Chairman, the regular 1952 budget priority. With relatively minor excep­ the Twenty-fifth Division. There was for the District of Columbia for the 1952 tions the committee has approved the no difference in their courage or their fiscal year totaled $136,778,600. This capital outlay program. The reductions gallantry; there was no difference in the was amended on May 17, by proposed recommended by the committee total method of treatment they received, or supplemental appropriations in the $441,000. in the character of the wounds treated. amount of $3,734,550, bringing the total The District's budget request of $107 ,- There was certainly no complaint on the amount of the 1952 budget to $140,513,- 173,800 for operating expenses repre­ part of either Negro or white veterans 150. This total was made up of $33,339,- sented a total increase of $5,994,023 over that they were received and treated 350 for capital outlay and $107,173,800 the amount available for this purpose in without segregation in the same hospital for operating expenses. Of the total 1951. This increase was made up of over wards; nor did I ever hear any complaint amount requested $3,841,260 was not re­ $3,500,000 for items of expense over from any white or Negro veteran regard­ quested to become available for expendi­ which the District has little or no con­ ing the absence of segregation in the ture until fiscal year 1953, leaving $136,- trol such as in-grade promotions, the hospitals. If a man is good enough to 671,890 requested for expenditure during District of Columbia's share of the cost risk his life for his country his country fiscal year 1952. The revenues were es­ of United States courts, reimbursement ought to be big enough to extend to him timated to total $139,338,012 which would to St. Elizabeths Hospital, increased cost equal treatment regardless of race, or provide a gross surplus of $2,666,122 over of electricity, and increases in retire­ creed, or color. I am sure that it would the amount requested. However, the ment fund requirements which are actu­ be very bad p1·opaganda for us and very Commissioners estimated $2,250,000 to be arily computed. Approximately $2,400,- good propaganda for Joe Stalin if the a necessary reserve for supplemental and 000 of the increase requested for operat­ Communists abroad were to send out deficiency appropriations for such activi­ ing expenses was for new positions and word to the yellow peoples of Asia that ties as civilian defense and control of expansion of other administrative fa­ white and Negro troops who served to­ rent ceilings for which no budget esti­ cilities. The committee did not feel that gether in Korea, were treated together mates were submitted pending additional most of the requested increases for ex­ in the same hospitals in Korea, were sep­ legislation. pansion of administrative facilities were arated after they returned to the land The budget submitted by the District justified. The committee has, therefore, of the free and the home of the brave was based upon a Federal appropriation reduced the budget request by $2,295,775 and required to receive treatment in hos­ of $11,000,000 to the general fund and which represents a net reduction, in con­ pitals according to the color of their $1,000,000 to the water fund as provided sidering the budget as a whole, of over skins. Whenever additional facilities by Public Law 195, Eightieth Congress, 90 percent in the funds requested for are required for veterans, let them be first session. Testimony which we heard additional personnel and expansion of provided for veterans on the basis of on this item has thoroughly convinced other administrative facilities. their service, their need, and the national me and I believe also the other members interest and not on the basis of their of the committee that this is the mini­ ATHLETIC PROGRAM IN THE PUBLIC HIGH SCHOOLS race, their creed, or their color. mum amount which should be appro­ The present procedure, under which priated. It was brought out in the hear­ the athletic program of the public high DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA APPROPRIATION schools is operated, is for each school to BILL, 1952 ings that, if taxed, Federal property would produce approximately $18,000,- finance its own program. Naturally the Mr. BATES of Kentucky. Mr. Speak­ 000. To me this item alone is ample jus­ income from athletic events varies con­ er, I move that the House resolve it­ tification of the amount requested. It siderably between schools with the result self into the Committee of the Whole was also pointed out that the water fur­ that some schools are able to carry out House on the State of the Union for nished Federal agencies would cost $1,- a fairly adequate program whereas other the consideration of the bill Los Angeles County and through- with the paper by Hitler's last chief of staff, 1s apparently basic in the minds of most peo­ out the State have contacted me in reference Gen. Heinz Guderian, written in an American ple and this same lack of confidence un­ to the universal m111tary training bill which, · prison camp at the specific direction of top doubtedly contributes considerably to fear I understand, is to come before the House American staff officers. I understand that and suspicion of the UMT bill as now writ­ this week for concurrence in free conference the Guderian study was made after the en­ ten. Regardless of the cause, ~ t appears to amendmerits. I have not had an opportunity actment of the armed services unification me that the foregoing factors are worthy of to see· the bill as now amended, but I am consideration and study. Congress should familiar withs. 1 which replaced the Houce law. Congressman WERDEL, in my opinion, see to it that the mllitary remains under bill by amendment. Likewise, I do not has done a magnificent public service in complete civilian control; that the consti­ know what the free conference amendments bringing this matter to public attention. It tutional powers of the President and the are and therefore am unable to evaluate the seems to me that the questions asked by Congr'1SS be in no wise weakened and that proposal as it appears tn its final form. Re- ToM WERDEL should be satisfactorily an­ the letter and the spirit of the Constitution gardless of the amendments, it appears that swered before the final passage of the pres­ and the Bill of Rights be fully preserved and the basic provisions of the act are retained ent UMT bill. Heinz Guderian himself maintained .for the people of the United and that the objections heretofore raised stated that he made the study ."at the re- States in time of peace. are therefore still valid and worthy of con- quest of the Historical Division of the United Very sincerely, sideration. States Army." As far as I have been able to JACK B. TENNEY. Objections to this type of legislation are · ascertain, no one has answered WERDEL's SPECIAL ORDER GRANTED extremely difilcult to present in vfow of the question as to why the-request was made. · fact that understandable argumeI?-ts go more The Guderian plan may be said to outline Mr. CURTIS of Missouri asked and to the background than to the legislation a military high command, completely in the .was granted permission to address the itself and must, consequently, be .coupled Prussian general staff mold, advocating a. .House tomorrow, June 7, 1951, for 15 6210 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HO,U_SE JUNE 6 minutes, following the legislative busi­ do their duty and draw the issues against ingmen and their families to contribute ness of the day and any other special corruption for the guaranteed bloodless to the administration's campaign fund orders heretofore entered. revolutfon of the election: day. . or lose their jobs, these autocrats have The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under Mr. Speaker, all civilizations have dis:.. been given :powers by this administration the previous order of the House, the gen­ covered that changing economic and and its predecessor which now threatens tleman from California [Mr. WERDEL] is social conditions create new equitable to destroy our country. The dispensa­ recognized for 30 minutes. rights, the recognition of which is de­ tions they receive places them above and LOCAL AUTONOMY IN UNIONS manded by the governed from their beyond the law. They are in fact trus­ government. When those rights were tees over the welfare and earning power Mr. WERDEL. Mr. Speaker, we meet not recognized, governments have al­ of 16,000,000 families with additional in a beautiful Chamber recently remod­ ways been overthrown from within by power to affect the national security and eled within ·stone walls. We anticipate some leader offering to the have-nots the welfare of all of the other families its perpetual use. We have installed two what the haves have. There would of America, most of whom are working­ beautiful clocks so that we may tell each have been no Napolecn if he had not men. These politically anointed so­ expiring instant of the march of time, bribed the poor against the rich. He called labor leaders purporting to spea~ but those clocks also mark off the re­ bribed Catholic Ireland against Protes­ for all workingmen are in Washington maining time until corruption at home tant England; Protestant Switzerland spending large sums of money to enforce or violence from abroad will penetrate against Catholic Europe. He ~ribed the a socialist labor policy which they claim these stone walls and adjourn this coun­ Mussulman of North Africa against all to be a peoples' mandate. Like other cil of freemen permanently. Christendom. Napoleon set up a new autocrats, they are puffed up with per­ As their counsel we must pass laws for -system of banking in order to redivide sqnal pride and· arrogance and despise freemen to live by. They cannot live the accumufated wealth for political Government regulations that limit their . free by executive directive. The battle purposes. He defined new minority activities and place responsibility on cry of Boston was "No taxation without groups, told them what their troubles them. representation." The same cry is heard were and advised them to come to By Executive Order 10233 issued April today, expressed in the words "No more Napoleon to find relief. 21, 1951, the Presiderit of the United government by executive decree." Our It is more than coincidence that people Statf~s has again capitulated to these Chief Executive should realize that rising in revolt to define new equitable autocrats. contrary to the expressed Americans admit temporal subservience rights have never experimented with free will of this Congress, the President, by to no mortal man whether he be military governinent except that area of the world Executive decree, has granted powers to leader, religious leader, labor leader, which lives by the Old and New Testa­ the Wage Stabilization Board to com­ president of a business trust, or Presi­ ment. We here in this body are under pletely destroy the rights of individual · dent of the United States. It is under­ oath of office to define new equitable workingmen and their families as estab:. standable that most of us are deeply con­ rights into laws so that they may be lished under the Labor-Management cerned with respect to our dangers from enforced· by poor men in local courts. Relations Act. The American public ts abroad. However, too few of us are con­ However, we· stumble on today through demanding to know why these Executive cerned with our disorders here at home. public lies and self-deception. We ap­ decrees have been made. The autocrats · Domestic disorders magnify the threat pear to have lost our virtue and public are silent. They rely completely upon from abroad and domestic disorders give morals. Under such circumstances, their claim to.have turned over the vote hope and encouragement to our plunder­ liberty is, of course, the greatest of all in the past and their promise to do it ing foreign enemy. It has been well said evils because it is folly, vice, and mad­ and collect campaign funds in the fu­ that we are in danger "not so much by ness without instruction or restraint. ture. At the present time, the admin­ our enemies' power as by our own neg­ These and others, Mr. Speaker, are listed istration is expressing itself before the lect." It is not so much the potency as assets at the Kremlin which they may Labor Committee of this House. Its ex­ of our enemies as the weakness of our­ subtract in order to determine their pressed reasons are nothing more than selves that threatens us. necessary military strength. platitudes expressed to support these In regard to domestic weaknesses, a It is, therefcre, little wonder what autocrats who have power over men and large segment of our people are losing our Communists at home and their social their families who in turn enjoy no confidence in their Government; the planning running-mates are so bold. secret ballot in their election. Congress has delegated its powers to be They know that Russia need move no As citizens of the United States, we exercised by nonelected officials; . the Russian armies into the field against us. must admit that the Wagner Act which Executive has surrounded himself with We need no foes abroad-just the tick­ gave unions protection and the right to incompetent and corrupt advisers and ing of our beautiful clocks will ruin us. organize were laws placed on the statute cannot get good advice to perform our Our ship of state is checked and books as the result of public opinion. delegated duties; we have locked up some turned willy-nilly in its course. Its The American public also knew for traitors but further investigation is skipper who received his papers by using many years prior to 1947 that the Wag­ thwarted by Executive orders which pro­ our delegated powers in political bribery ner Act had to be amended to provide tect the big brain who is yet unknown; and chicanery is perplexed by the results the foundation for industrial peace. their per-capital portion of our national of his own follies. debt now exceeds the total assessed valu­ Unreasonable labor leadership had to be ation of some counties; with each ses­ · Even though there are some follies controlled because there were many la­ sion of Congress we further oppress and which baffle argument, which go beyond bor abuses as well as racketeering. Or­ depress our citizens; we are exhausting ridicule and which excite no feeling in ganized labor lost many friends because our natural resources to buy disrespect me but disgust, I have just introduced a their leaders would not admit that their abroad; we have closed down our stra­ bill by which I hope to correct one of power like that of all other leaders and tegic metals industry; we now say we will those follies. In the past, this admin­ tl'.ustees could not be arbitrary. In either expand the national debt or apply istration and its predecessors provided other words, public opinion was again ruinous taxation; we are destroying the means whereby a handful of individ­ demanding in 1947 a change in behalf Christian self-reliance by political ·brib­ uals gained autocratic power over the of the public interest. Management no ery programs; we pay tribute to foreign­ ·Welfare and livelihood of 16,000,000 longer had sufficient · authority over its ers in an effort to buy their friendship;· American families. This administration employees to do a good job of managing. we allow leaders of enslaved groups to now lives in fear of those autocrats and Investors were fearful of making invest­ destroy law and order if they can turn their power. These autocrats get a spe­ ments. Many businessmen were con­ over some votes; a segment of our free cial dispensation from this administra­ sidering closing their shops to avoid r_!:td­ press is more interested in building its tion if they agree to turn over the vote ical leadership. Places of employment circulation than it is in presenting our through a controlled labor press. In re­ were closed while a branch of one union true domestic and foreign condition to turn for publishing falsehoods, half­ fought another . branch of the same the American people; many so-called truths, and slanted news releases in their union or had jurisdictional disputes leaders of the minority party refuse to controlled press and for forcing work- with a different union. So far as the 1951 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 6211 Wagner . Act was concerned, the public you could not turn the control of the At that time the administration said that was apparently expected to wait until Government over to the working classes 12;000,000 people would be benefited one union licked the other and if at the and still protect that Government from and that they should receive at least $1 end of tl;.at time, the employer was still · the passions of the governed. It was an hour. I want to point out recent in business he was to accept blame for said that "It is ordained in the eternal political demagoguery of this adminis­ all of the dimculties and commence pro­ constitution of things that men of in­ tration in appealing to the workingmen; duction as usual temperate minds cannot be free. That by Executive order it has now made it Under the Wagner Act, the American tl:eir very passions forge the chains to a crime for an employer to pay more public was disgusted. Some of our la­ rebind them." The framers of our Con­ than 75 cents per hour. It did this bor leaders who never had to carry a stitution replied that American people after it acted in collusion with its labor traditional and secret ballot election of of all classes would forever cherish the Frankensteins to put a wage differential their unions had. the power to shut off right to compete in accordance with in a workingman's car of about $400 the coal or steel supply, turn off the thei:- individual relative excellence. and comparable wage differentials in lights and stop our shipping and It is, there!ore, incumbent upon the shoes, clothing, and household appli­ communications. These labor leaders American people and this Congress to ances. It did it after it froze those wage boldly claimed that labor was above the protect the rights of the individual work­ differentials into the necessities of life of law, that organized labor held special ingman that I have just mentioned as other workingmen for a period that it privileges above and beyond the needs being defined in the Labor-Management estimates to be at least 10 years. It now of the rest of the people even when Relations Act of 1947. That is our duty says it will allow cost-of-living escalator those people were speaking through if we are to require of him, as we must, clauses as political bribery to keep the their Government, the United States of his obligation to defend the American labor demagogs in control of their America. way of life. We must insure his right to unions so that they can turn over the Remember back in May of 194C, when bargain collectively in this industrial age. vote and make campaign collections. President Truman made a hysterical call However, we must insist that he have the Mr. ·speaker, I believe in this indus­ to Congress for power to draft the strik­ opportunity for his benefit and for na­ trial age that workingmen should have ing railroad employees into the Army. tional security to control his labor lead­ the right to bargain collectively with The memory of that incident is still ers and his union which now carry great their particular employer. However, a fresh in the minds of all of us. We must power; 175 years of experience under growing number of our people today be­ make sure that neither President Tru­ our form of government demonstrates lieve that organized labor should be out­ man or anyone else will ever have the that he will act reasonably if he is given lawed because it is threatening the se­ power to force men to work against their the right. curity of the United States and our form v:ill. It behooves us today to also re­ Mr. Speaker, on April 3 of this year of Government. I do not believe that to member that President Truman's re­ I made a documented speech under a be true, if this Congress will perform its quest in May of 1946 came the year fol­ special order of this House. I believe duty to define equitable rights in this in­ lowing the report that a bill had been that I demonstrated the intention of dustrial age into laws that can be en­ drafted at the Pentagon to draft all men this administration to control its frank­ forced by poor men in local courts. into military service to work in our ensteins through military socialism be­ Labor leaders are in fact voluntary trus­ industries. · cause in its opinion the American people tees. Their responsibilities and duties Farmers all over the country were are no longer fit to be free. This ad­ must be defined. Their beneficiaries are seriously worried because they had lost ministration assumes that the American the workingmen and their wives who thousands of tons of food stuffs due to people will accept military socialism in the trustees purport to represent. The the fact that a union would not deliver time of war emergency. His acts in­ general public must also be protected in their products and would not unload dicate that our President intends to as­ connection with their activities. Cer­ their products without high special fees sume complete Executive control of our tainly we cannot condemn the right to paid to these new autocrats. These are economy, our press, foreign policy, in­ bargain collectively in the national in­ un-American activities and the public cluding the drafting of labor, under terest unless we first give the benefici­ demanded a curb on them. newly discovered inherent powers of the aries of those trustees the right of a Congress met in 1947 and through its President in war emergencies. Yet his truly secret ballot in their election. We Senate and House Labor Committees, appointees and attorneys are talking must also give those beneficiaries the meeting for several months, gave every­ about his inherent powers at the right of a truly secret ballot on the issue one an opportunity to be heard. That present time resulting from the war of whether or not a strike should be Congress made a great step forward in emergency when the Congress has not called against the employer. At the the American industrial economy by declared w·ar. I submit to you that he present time these autocrats hold the passing the Labor-Management Rela­ believes the American people will accept power to determine who should stay in t~ ons Act of 1947 in which it took the those tactics as the only means left to businesf: as employers and manufac­ first step after many years under the control a handful of men who boldly turers and who should go out. They Wagner Act to define and protect four threaten to destroy our war-making po­ have the power by bargaining across in­ classes of rights based upon American tential for their own personal power and gain. dustries to create new marginal pro­ industrial experience. Those classes of ducers. We must give unions local rights were as follows: the individual The pay-offs by this administration to their frankensteins have been astound­ autonomy. The only alternative to this worker, the union, the management, and action is that the labor movement will the public. ing. In spite of the antitrust laws, the It is fundamental that any statutory executive departments of our Govern­ destroy itself as it did in England and in law meet the test of time as to whether ment aided its frankensteins in estab­ Germany where the workingman found or not it is beneficial to the public in­ lishing the policy of bargaining across that it makes little difference whether a terest and that it will be amended when whole industries in labor relations. That demagog springs first from the left or it has been demonstrated to the legis­ policy is now being used in over 20 the right. lature that it is not for the public in• unions, including coal, iron, automobiles, . Mr. Speaker, the bill that I introduced terest either in total or in part. It is also electrical appliances, household appli­ does the following things: fundamental that whenever new equi­ ances, shoes, clothing, steel, and many Although the strike ballot provisions table rights are demonstrated to have others. Such bargaining is not against and the provisions respecting the elec­ come into existence under statutory law, the employer but is against the Ameri­ tion of union omcers are separate, the that law must be amended in order to can consumer, 90 percent of whom are bill has one single l:::road objective, for define those rights in the public interest. other workingmen, aged people, and example, insuring to rank-and-file em­ Mr. Speaker, we in America must re­ farmers. ployees freedom of choice in deciding call for our own benefit and for the ben-· Mr. Speaker, last year this adminis­ whether or not they should go out on efit of the next generation that this tration supported a bill to make it a strike and what men they shall select for country was conceived as a poor-man's crime for an employer to pay less than union office. Consequently, the bill may country and was criticized as such. The 75 cents an hour even though he could be aptly cited, as section 1 provides, as critics were of the frame of mind that not afford to do so as a minimum wage. the "Democracy in Union Act, 1951." 6212 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-· HOUSE· JUNE 6

Sections 2~ 3, and 4 of the act create, connection with periodic-interference in· act ·as .the representatives of our -people· a system under which the -exercise of the family income. I believe the time or all is lost. The real reason baek of the right to strike is conditioned · upon has come when the Congress must admit the President's Executive· order on last. the use of the facilities of the National that the American housewife is entitled April 21 creating new dispute powers in Labor Relations Board and the taking of to at least ~n opportunity to advise wit:P. , tne Wage Stabilization Board is that· a secret ballot. As a result of the in-· her husband in connection with such· these bold, arrogant, ·nonelected, selfish, validation of the Bonin-Tripp Act-­ matters: My bill also provides that not political and self-serving lal;>or bosses. Michigan antistrike law-by the United more than one of these strike referenda know that they cannot exact their trib­ States Supreme Court, it is no longer should be conducted in the same bar_-. ute from their workingmen if they live possible for States to pass· statutes re­ gaining union in any one year. . by the provisions ·of the Taft-Hartley quiring strike votes in industries which Section 4 provides that a strike may Act. If they live by that act.the Ameri­ are subject to the Taft-Hartley Act. be conducted only if a majority of the can patriot as a union member is able The Taft-Hartley Act ·its.elf contains no employees eligible to vote reject the final to control their action. The President provisions for strike votes except to the offer of settlement. Unless the Labor created these new powers. in the Wage. extent to which the· Conciliation Service Board certifies this fact, it becomes ·a Stabilization Board so that he could and the parties resort to such a device. criminal offense to instigate strikes or to point to its recommendations in grant­ The only mandatory provision in the encourage them directly or indirectly by ing new concessions to these autocrats' Federal law with respect to strike bal­ picketing or paying strike benefits. at the expense of all of the families in lots occurs in the national emergency Section 5 deals with elections for union America, to justify his cowardly · action· provisions of title II in which the con­ office. It provides ·that no officer of a of capitulation. · duct of such a referendum by the Labor labor organization may continue to hold There is always a mandate of the peo­ Board is the last step preceding the vaca­ office unless there is an opportunity for i::le to improve a workingman's condition. tion of the injunction. a free election every 2 years under reg - in our country. There is never a man­ Under section 3 of my bill, no ulations prescribed by the Secretary of date to create dual government or to strike is legal unless the labor organiza­ Labor. Unions violating this section lose create government within government tion which proposed to call it serves a their right to represent employees under which must be controlled by military 45-day notice upon the National Labor the terms of the National Labor Rela­ socialism. It makes no difference wheth­ Relations Board as well as upon the em­ tions Act and may not file any p~tition er we first view new kings and emperors ployer. The 45-day notice should not or charges with the Board. In general, approaching from the left or the right. impose an undue hardship upon labor the provisions of this section, except for We do not want them. There is never· unions as they are now required to serve a minor modification in subsection (c), a mandate in republican government or a similar 60-day notice under section 8 were taken verbatim from H. R..418, now in proper union structure to turn the (d) of the Taft-Hartley Act upon their pending in the House Labor ·committee. clock back. employer if they propose to invoke the In the event the provisions of my bill The· SPEAKER pro · tempore [Mr. termination clause or reopening clause of cause a vacancy to exist in labor leader­ KING]. The time of the gentleman from an existing agreement. The Taft-Hart­ ship necessary to protect the rights of California [Mr. WERDELJ has expired. ley Act, however, does not provide for union membership, my bill also provides any such notice where there is no con­ that the local courts shall have jurisdic­ LEAVE OF ABSENCE tract in existence, whereas my bill would tion to appoint a trustee to fill that va­ By unanimous consent, leave of ab­ require a 45-day notice, both upon the cancy until a union election has been sence was granted as follows: Board and the employer, irrespective of held. To Mr. KENNEDY and Mr. KEARNS contract. During the period the 45-day Section 6 contains definitions of terms · (at the request of Mr. LucAs) for an in­ notice is in effect, presumably the parties which are used in the preceding subsec­ definite period, on account of official would seek to adjust their differences by tions. business. · collective bargaining and by resort to the ·Section 7 exempts disputes subject to To Mr. PATTERSON (at the request of Federal Mediation and · Conciliation the provisions of the Railway Labor Act Mr. MARTIN of Massachusetts); for June Service. After the 45-day period has from the provisions of the proposed bill. 6, on account of death in family. expired, if the notice is still pending, the Section 8 contains the conventional To Mr. MORANO (at the request of Mr. NLRB must then take a secret ballot provisions with respect to the rights of MARTIN of Massachusetts), for June 6, during the succeeding 15 days on the individual employees. 1951, on account of official business. question of whether or not the employ­ Mr. Speaker, I believe early action on ees are willing to accept the final offer my bill is an urgent necessity. If we are EXTENSION OF REMARKS of settlement made by the employer. to avoid military socialism, we must Mr. BOLLING asked and was given Section 3 (c) of my bill provides that guarantee local autonomy in unions and permission to extend his remarks in three such balloting shall be conducted by we must place responsibility for law en­ instances, in. two to include extraneous mail. Presumably the Board would forcement in this subject at the local matter. make regulations comparable to those re­ level. If we do that, we can again rely Mr. PRIEST asked and was given per­ lating to the casting of absentee ballots upon the patriotism of our people to see mission to extend his remarks and in­ under State law so that the envelope that law and order is enforced in the clude an address by the Speaker of the containing th~ ballot would bear on it the local area through their local courts and House to the graduating class of the signature of the employees. Observers police officers. We must destroy the University of Texas. . may be present at the actual tally of the powers held by irresponsible individuals Mr. . HEFFERNAN asked and was given ballots but presumably the identity of to force our people on the trail to so­ permission to extend his remarks and the voter would not be revealed to ·the cialism. include an article, and also to include an observers. Of course, during the period Surely it is now clear to everyone that address by Rear Admiral Lamont Pugh, in which the ballot is pending, both un­ our demogogic administration will not delivered at the graduation exercises of ions and employers may address argu­ take action against these Frankensteins the nurses' training school of the Jewish ments to the voters. It was not consid­ created by itself for political purposes. Hospital of Brooklyn, N. Y., on May 14, ered necessary to put such a clause in It offers the American people only a fear 1951. the bill, for the right of free speech in program in foreign affairs and it is pres­ Mr. BAILEY asked and was given labor disputes is already assured by sec­ ently creating the situation whereby it permission to extend his remarks and tion 8 of the Taft-Hartley Act. will off er the American people military include a brief prepared by the Honor­ One of the purposes of the secret ballot socialism as the only solution for domes­ . able CARL D. PERKINS and presented be­ provided in section 3 (c) through using tic corruption. fore the Federal Power Commission. mail facilities is to permit such ballots to The answer is clear, Mr. Speaker, the Mr. RAINS asked and was given per,. be taken out of the inftuence of mob arrogance and boldness of the bureau­ mission to extend his remarks and in­ psychology. It is designed to allow a cratic Cossacks riding through the halls clude a brief entitled "Advertising and man and his wife to discuss the probable of this Congress as the creatures of this the American Economy," by Mr. Carmage effects of a strike in connection with administration are now inflicting fear Walls, of Gadsden, Ala. their own welfare. -It· will thus give a into the administration itself. We in Mr. DOLLIVER asked and was given housewife an opportunity to advise in this Congress must have the courage to permission to extend his remarks in two 1951 -. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 6213 instances; in one to include a letter from ·Mr. GATHINGS asked and was given 1930, as a.mended, and for other purposes; a constituent, Mr. Leo Lynch, of Clarion, permission to extend his remarks in two and Iowa, in regard to the ceiling on cattle instances and include editorials. H. _J. Res. 253. Joint resolution to permit prices, and in the other a radio address articles imported :from the :foreign countries Mr. McKINNON asked and was given :for the purpose of exhibition at the Japa­ by Prof. R. M. Bliss, formerly director permission to extend his remarks in nese Trade Fair, Seattle, Wash., to be ad­ of extension for Iowa State College en­ two instances and include newspaper mitted without payinent of tari1f, and for titled "Infiation and the Beef Cattle articles. other purposes. Price Roll-back." Mr. BURDICK asked and was given ADJOURNMENT Mr. VAN PELT asked and was given permission to extend his own remarks permission to extend his own remarks in in the RECORD. . Mr. YORTY. Mr. Speaker, I move the Appendix. Mr. EBERHARTER asked ·and was that the House do now adjourn. Mr. AYRES asked ansI was given per­ given permission to extend his remarks The motion was agreed to; accord­ mission to extend his remarks and in­ and include an editorial which appeared ingly clude extraneous matter. in the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette; the House adjourned until tomorrow, Mr. JAVITS asked and was given per­ Mr. VAN ZANDT asked and was given Thursday, June 7, 1951, at 12 o'clock mission to extend his remarks in two permission to extend his own remarks in noon. instances, in each to include extraneous three instances. material. Mr. SHELLEY asked and was given REPORTS OF COMMIT'I'EES ON PUBLIC Mr. CURTIS of Missouri asked and permission to extend his own remarks BILLS AND RESOLU'l'IONS was given permission to extend his re­ in two instances, in each to include an marks and include extraneoris matter. editorial Under clause 2 of rule XIII, reports of . Mr. PRIEST. Mr. Speaker, I ask Mr. ELLIOTT asked and was given committees were delivered to the Clerk unanimous consent that the gentleman permission to extend his remarks and to for printing and reference to the proper . from Massachusetts [Mr. McCORMACK] include extraneous matter. calendar, as follows: ~ may extend his remarks in the Appendix Mr. DOYLE asked and was given per­ Mr. GARMATZ: Joint Committee on the of the RECORD and include a very mission to extend his remarks in three Disposition of Executive Papers. House Re­ thoughtful editorial from the Boston instances and include extraneous matter. port No. 641'. Report on the disposition of Post. · · · - · certain papers of sundry executive depart­ Mr. SAYLOR asked and was given ments. Ordered to be printed. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there permission to extend his remarks and objection to the request of the gentle­ include an editorial. man from Tennessee? Mr. HAGEN asked and was given per­ PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS There was no objection. mission to extend his remarks. in three Under clause 3 of rule XXII, public Mr. ROGERS of Florida asked and instances and include extraneous mat­ bills and resolutions were introduced and was given permission to extend his re­ ter. severally referred as follows: marks and include an address by Mr. Mr. HILLINGS and Mr. BENDER By Mr. CROSSER: Dickinson. asked and were given permission to ex­ H. R. 4345. A blll to amend the War Claims Mr. KERSTEN of Wisconsin asked tend their remarks in four instances and Act of 1948, as amended, to provide compen­ and was given permission to extend his include extraneous matter. sation for unpaid compulsory labor and in­ remarks in two instances and include Mr. ROBERTS asked and was given humane treatment of prisoners of war and for other enemy violations of the Geneva extraneous matter. permission to extend his remarks in two Convention respecting prisoners of war; to Mr. EDWIN ARTiiUR HALL asked instances and include editorials appear­ the Committee on Interstate and Foreign and was· given permission to extend his ing in the Anniston Star. Commerce. remarks in three instances. · Mr. BRYSON asked and was given By Mr. MCVEY: Mr. D'EWART asked and was given permission to extend his remarks in the H. R. 4346. A bill to authorize the con­ permission to extend his remarks and RECORD and include extraneous matter. struction of certain flood-control improve­ include a quotation. Mr. SMITH of Wisconsin asked and ments on the Calumet Union drainage ditch Mrs. HARDEN asked and was given was given permission to extend his re­ in the vicinity of Harvey, Ill.; to the Com­ marks in the Appendix in two instances mittee on Public Works. permission to extend her remarks and By Mr. WERDEL: include an editorial appearing in the and include extraneous matter. H. R. 4347. A bill to grant employees an op­ Farm Journal. Mr. ANFUSO