12730 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 18, 1987 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS A TRIBUTE TO CHARLES V. Forbes said the Texas-born Carr was a pendence and pleasures of card games, Carr CARR father figure to him and fought to open the later said. political system to blacks. His particular "Grandmother did not hold with cards. talent was that he knew how to parlay a mi­ She was a devout Baptist. Every time she HON. LOUIS STOKES nority on an issue into a majority, Forbes went to church, grandfather would get the OF OHIO said. cards out. He taught me cards, but most of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "He understood the art of politics," all, he taught me to work for myself instead Forbes said. "He always knew how to count of working for someone else." Monday, May 18, 1987 votes." Carr recognized the importance of That beloved grandfather, who worked for Mr. STOKES. Mr. Speaker, recently the 21st credibility, and never broke his word, said the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, was sent to Congressional District of Ohio, which I repre­ Forbes. Cleveland on his job. He persuaded Carr's sent, and our Nation lost a great humanitarian Carr was at RTA for 10 years and had parents to send him here because he be­ and countryman. been chairman of the board's finance com­ lieved the schools were better than those in mittee, an office he held for many years on Texas. Charles V. Carr, who distinguished himself City Council. He served on council from Carr went to the ninth grade at East as an attorney, politician, and civil rights advo­ 1945 to 1975. Technical High School and moved to cate passed away on April 30 at age 82. He was considered by some the most pow­ Kansas City when his grandfather was Charlie Carr was an extraordinary politician erful figure on the 10-member RTA board, transferred there. and lawyer. Many years ago when I first exerting his influence mostly behind the Carr received a bachelor's degree from scenes. In recent years, he had delayed the Fisk University in Nashville, Tenn. He became an attorney, he was one of the two federal efforts to get RTA to reform spend­ planned to study medicine at Howard Uni­ older black lawyers in Cleveland who provided ing practices. versity. On his way to Washington from a an opportunity for young black lawyers to He orchestrated the promotion of John V. visit in Kansas City, he stopped in Cleve­ practice by joining their firm. The situation at Terango to RTA general manager over the land. He ran into some former classmates at that time was such that high level law firms objections of Mayor George V. Voinovich East Tech who were attending John Mar­ did not often take blacks into their companies. and other elected officials. Carr was the shall Law School. Since many black lawyers could not afford to leader of the "Old Guard" on the board, They persuaded Carr to join them. He had set up their own practice, they were unable to which has battled with so-called reform $100 and got a job as a waiter at the Cleve­ pursue their chosen profession. Charlie and members over RTA's direction. land Athletic Club. He worked his way Charles Carr Pl., a short street south of through law school waiting tables there and his counterpart, Norman S. Minor, gave many Kinsman Rd. near E. 73rd St., is named for at the Union Club. blacks a start on what turned out to be out­ him. He passed the bar and declared himself a standing careers. He was a teacher in the Carr was adroit at maneuvering controver­ Democrat. sense that he shared his political prowess and sial legislation to passage, and played key Carr once said in an interview that he was knowledge with young lawyers and aspiring roles in the passage of the city income tax up at 6 a.m. every day so he could get to politicians. He was one of the persons who in 1966 and the creation of the RTA in 1975. police headquarters and the criminal courts helped my brother, Carl, and I form the 21st He was a lawyer, and his counsel, profes­ "to see if I could catch me a client." He was Congressional District caucus political organi­ sional and fatherly, was sought by people at the bars and speak-easies until 3 in the morning politicking. zation. Over the years he provided me coun­ ranging from bankers to numbers figures to members of the clergy, in addition to the He received numerous civic honors and be­ sel and advice on political matters in the constituents he served as a councilman in longed to several professional societies and caucus. the ward surrounding E. 55th St. and Cen­ community organizations. His career is one that should be studied by tral Ave. His council career ended when he He was an astute businessman and found­ young blacks in order to pattern themselves was defeated by the late Lonnie Burton. er of Dunbar Life Insurance Co., which later after him and the many things he achieved for In 1948, Carr's home was bombed and, be­ merged with Supreme Life Insurance Co. of America. He founded the first black-owned the black community. cause in his first term on council he sought to repeal an ordinance banning possession savings and loan here, Quincy Savings & Mr. Speaker, Charlie Carr was a friend and of numbers slips, he was rumored to be con­ Loan Co., and was president from 1960 until a person whose friendship I will always appre­ nected with the racketeering. 1976. ciate. He will always be remembered for the Carr had told a reporter, "I don't know His wife, Hortense, survives. Also surviv­ great contributions he made in political, busi­ why my home was bombed. I represented ing are daughters, Carole J. Bush, Cathleen ness and civic arenas in Cleveland. Several men accused of numbers violations but I V. Willis and Leah P., son, Charles 0., step­ was just a lawyer doing my job. son, Michael K. King, and a sister. newspaper articles have been written captur­ "It's a lie, I never was in the racket. I rep­ Services will be at 8 p.m. Tuesday at ing the highlights of his career. I offer these resented guys accused of murder, too. Does Shiloh Baptist Church, 5500 Scovill Ave. articles for the RECORD so that colleagues that make me a felon?" can read them and join with me in extending He had been vice chairman of the Cuya­ CARR, COUNCIL DEAN, WAS FATHER-FIGURE TO our condolences to his family: hoga County Democratic Executive Com­ MANY mittee. CHARLES CARR DIES, RTA PowER, Ex­ Carr's influence was so strong he was in­ couNCILMAN vited to the White House to dine with a The life of the "Dean" came to an end at Charles V. Carr, a member of the board of fellow Texan, President Lyndon B. Johnson. Cleveland Clinic on April 30 at age 82. At­ the Regional Transit Authority, a City Carr pioneered civil rights legislation in torney Charles Velmon Carr had suffered a Council majority leader for 13 years and a 1948 mandating that amusement parks, heart attack in 1965. He underwent open Democratic power in city politics for several public dance halls and roller rinks be open heart surgery in 1970. After having been ad­ decades, died yesterday morning at Cleve­ to all races. That ordinance was passed after mitted to the hospital a month ago, he was land Clinic Hospital. He was 82. an attempt by the Congress on Racial the victim of a stroke. Carr had a heart attack in 1965 and open­ Equality to break the color barrier at Euclid He had been a father-figure to many out­ heart surgery in 1970. He was admitted to Beach dance hall and roller rink. standing men of Cleveland including George the hospital a month ago for a checkup, and Carr was born in Clarksville, Texas, where L. Forbes, president of Cleveland City Coun­ while there had a stroke. his parents, both schoolteachers, had to cil and Carl Stokes, judge of the Municipal Carr, mentor of Council President George travel into the country to work. Court of Cleveland. L. Forbes, D-9, and other black leaders, During the day, they left him with his Charles Carr had served on city council stayed in public life until about a month grandfather, a former slave freed in 1865 by for many years. He had also served as a ago. Until then, he attended weekly RTA Union troops in South Carolina. Carr's member of the Board of RTA and chairman board or committee meetings. grandfather taught him pride of race, inde- of the finance committee.

• This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor. Matter set in this typeface indicates words inserted or appended, rather than spoken, by a Member of the House on the floor. May 18, 1987 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 12731 "Charles Carr was always interested in It is said that "He dined with Kings and and you must take care of your family," progress of the 'Negro', as we were known at never lost the common touch." Forbes explained. that time. During the days of the Future His influence was so great that he was in­ "He was my friend, he was my counselor, Outlook League and John 0. Holly, Carr vited to the White House to dine with Presi­ my teacher, and he will be missed," he worked as a member of the board and was dents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon John­ added. responsible for the legal aspects of the son. The city respected Carr and named, in Before Forbes joined City Council, Carr League. He played an integral part in secur­ his honor, the Charles V. Carr Center at was one of a handful of Black City Council ing Jobs for Blacks. He was a brilliant fellow East 57th and Woodland Avenue and also members. "In those days, he set up Cleve­ and gave much legal advice to the organiza­ Carr Boulevard. In 1957 he was one of a land's Community Relations Board. Black tion. I knew Carr before he became a select few chosen to travel around the world people couldn't go to Euclid Beach, and he member of council. He was a wonderful man with the Christians and Jews. stopped that. He did it by getting together and influenced the lives of many young as­ Mr. Carr, in addition to being an outstand­ with Black and white councilmen," he said. pirants," remarked Charles Smart, an old ing politician was an astute businessman Forbes believes Carr wanted to leave a time friend of Carr. and a successful entrepreneur. He was one legacy of "young men and women partici­ Although very slow in movement and of the founders of Dunbar Life Insurance pating in the political process, understand­ seemingly walking with great difficulty, Company, which later merged with the Su­ ing it, and utilizing it for the benefit of Carr never missed an RTA meeting, and was preme Life Insurance Company of America. Black people." in attendance during most masonic meet­ He founded the first Black-owned savings and loan in the State of Ohio-The Quincy ings and programs. He was a devout member MASTER OF COMPROMISE of the order. Savings and Loan and was its president Mr. Carr was a native of Clarksville, from 1960 until 1976. that success was hatchet at the funeral. the Forbes name has been on a citywide predicated on readiness to act when oppor­ The two black leaders have had hateful ballot. tunity presented itself. exchanges in recent years: In 1985, they had If the Stokes-Forbes lovefest seemed to His teachings, advocacy and actions to be restrained from exchanging punches dominate the service for Carr, nobody launched a Black political awakening in after their distaste for each other boiled seemed to mind. Cleveland and throughout America. over on election night. "Wherever Charlie is, he's smiling," Carr knew and understood the business of For a while yesterday, it seemed as if Tolliver said. "What a legacy." politics. He served 30 years as a member of there wouldn't be any peacemaking. Stokes Cleveland City Council under seven council was late, and when he did arrive, he did not CARR PASSING REUNITES FORBES, STOKES presidents and under the administration of sit in the same section of the church as five mayors. Forbes. Carr survived because he was studious, But the thaw began when Stokes, one of The feud between Cleveland Municipal cunning and bold. He was a quiet man who several scheduled speakers at the service Judge Carl B. Stokes and Council President had the skill to privately orchestrate public said it would be fitting for him and Forbes George L. Forbes may have come to an end events. He was a prime mover in an era to "reconcile our differences and remember with the death of Charles V. Carr, a long­ where most political deals were products of the closeness of our past," when Stokes time friend to both men. the "backroom." helped steer a young Forbes into the public Forbes visited Stokes' chambers Friday, His word, his promise, was his bond. He arena that he now so overwhelming con­ the judge reported, and said the one thing could be depended on. trols. Carr wanted very much was to see the two As a council member, Carr was as enig­ The crowd applauded, but there was no men bury their differences and restore their matic as was his political roots. His votes exchange between the two as Stokes took friendship. were rarely the reflections of intense philo­ his seat. They didn't even seem to be look­ "He said a great testimony to Charlie sophical leanings, but rather models of the ing at each other. would be for him and me and Lou to appear efficient use of political power. Forbes then spoke, recalling humorous at his funeral together," Stokes said. The At death, Carr was the dean of local Black stories about Carr. At the end of his speech, Lou he referred to was Stokes' brother, Rep. Democrats, an irony in itself since he began Forbes quietly extended his own olive Louis Stokes, D-21, of Warrensville Heights. his career as a Republican. He switched so branch, telling the attentive crowd that Stokes said that when he was mayor of he could run "heads-up" against the late Stokes' election as the first big-city black Cleveland, he considered Forbes one of his Councilman William 0. Walker, then Editor mayor in 1967 was important to Carr and, closest advisers. and Publisher of the Call and Post. Forbes added, "It was important to me." I had asked him to help me with the day­ That's the kind of man Carr was-ready to John H. Bustamante, president of the to-day crisis of running the city," Stokes take on the powerful-ready to teach the in­ First Bank National Association, knew the said. During the Glenville riots, it was quisitive-and ready to help the powerless­ accord hadn't been consummated. He called Forbes who went into the black community like a young mother and wife and resident both men to the podium. They readily came to try to calm the neighborhoods, he said. of his ward who needed a job. forward and quickly, tightly embraced. Stokes said the two men talked for 20 min­ That woman has risen in stature herself Forbes seemed perhaps a little more eager, utes in the judge's chambers. and quietly guards the gates of power, just jumping forward to the receptive Stokes. "We had found an issue that made one of many success stories of our friend The two then turned to the crowd, hands enough sense to us to make the reconcilia­ and mentor Charles V. Carr. joined overhead like running mates facing tion," Stokes said, "Up until now, there just the throngs at a political convention. has not been anything sufficient enough to A POLITICAL PATCHING UP, AT LAST-FORBES, "I don't know if we need to say anything make us swallow our pride and apologize. STOKES UNITE AT FuNERAL else," Bustamante said. That man and I have been through things The Rev. E.T. Caviness, a liaison between that very few other politicians have ever Council President George I. Forbes rushed Mayor George V. Voinovich and City Coun­ shared. into the waiting arms of Municipal Judge cil, said he thought the Forbes-Stokes rec­ "We should be the last people who should Carl E. Stokes yesterday in a public display onciliation was sincere. be estranged. We both apologized to each of reconciliation many predict will result in "What they did today touches the soul," other for the remarks we made against each a more unified black political voice in Cleve­ Caviness said. "What they did today was for other." land. real." Stokes said, "I know my indebtedness to The dramatic moment came at the funeral Voinovich did not attend the funeral yes­ the man. We are two strong egos. George of Charles V. Carr, the dean of Cleveland's terday, and his absence was criticized by has become one of the most powerful people black politicians. The embrace prompted a some black official. A Voinovich spokeswom­ in this city and has been for standing ovation, shouts of approval and a an said the mayor had an appointment yes­ years.... Politics is one of the most vola­ few tears from many in the crowd of about terday morning that he felt obligated to tile areas for determining who is king of the 300 at Shiloh Baptist Church on Scovill keep because he had already rescheduled hill." Ave. the session twice. Asked about the truce, Forbes denied Carr had wanted very much for Stokes Councilman Larry Jones, D-10, said of the there was ever a feud. "I never had any dif­ and Forbes, sharp adversaries in recent peace between Forbes and Stokes: "I ferences with him," Forbes said. "I said May 18, 1987 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 12733 before

91-059 0-89-11(Pt.10) 12736 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 18, 1987 A TRIBUTE TO SHARYN KLINE Disability and retirement forms were sent SANTA BARBARA COUNTY to her for signature. And they were re­ WINES turned unsigned. She wasn't through yet! HON. MELVIN PRICE Sharyn Kline left the hospital in July OF ILLINOIS 1983, although her therapy was a continu­ HON. ROBERT J. LAGOMARSINO IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ing process. In April 1984, she received her OF CALIFORNIA Monday, May 18, 1987 specially adapted van with hand controls IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and remote controlled lift. And she returned Mr. PRICE of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, it is with to work for the Postal Service in July 1985. Monday, May 18, 1987 great pleasure and admiration that I honor a She drove herself. She entered and left the constituent of mine from the 21st District of Il­ Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Speaker, I would building herself. She did the assigned duties like to bring to the attention of my distin­ linois, who was one of five U.S. Postal Service herself. Sharyn Kline had returned to work. employees to be nominated nationwide for the guished colleagues the impressive recent And by doing so, she made less money than growth of a new industry in Santa Barbara Handicapped Postal Employee of the Year. if she had stayed home. County, CA, winemaking. Sharyn Kline of Hamel, IL, was on her way In the beginning it was 4 hours a day, 5 to work at the Dorsey, IL, Post Office in Janu­ days a week, working for the MSC, getting There are approximately 11,000 acres of ary 1983, when she was involved in an auto up serveral hours before her scheduled re­ grapes planted in Santa Barbara County. Vine­ accident that left her paralyzed from the waist porting time. Then, 6 hours a day. Since yard size ranges from less than 1 acre to sev­ down. After spending 6 months in the hospital September 1986, she has been assigned to eral thousand acres. The major grape varie­ and undergoing rehabilitation-all with the the Edwardsville Post Office as a PTF clerk, ties planted are: Chardonnay, Sauvignon love and support of her family-Mrs. Kline re­ working 30 hours per week, always prompt Blanc, Pinot Noir, Cabernet Sauvignon and turned to work at the Edwardsville, IL, Post and regular in attendance, one of Edwards­ Riesling. Also planted are small lots of Merlot, Office in January 1985. Today, she drives her­ ville's most reliable employees, always cour­ Gewurztraminer and Chanin Blanc. Santa Bar­ self to work, where her outstanding job per­ teous and dedicated, always maintaining the bara County has been enjoying increased na­ formance and personal achievements have same agreeable, positive manner to custom­ tional and international recognition for the ers and coworkers alike, always maintaining quality of its vines, as evidenced by the many made her an asset to the U.S. Postal Service. the high level of consistent productivity Her dedication and energy have touched medal winners. that originally earned her an OIC assign­ The rapid growth of the wineries and the not only her coworkers, but also the communi­ ment 4 years earlier. To state that Sharyn ty in which she lives, where she is an active Kline adjusts well to changing conditions, popularity of Santa Barbara County wines member of her church and heads the local even under adverse circumstances, would be have brought local winemakers together in chapter of the Spinal Cord Society. Despite the most gross of understatements. This 1983 as a united voice by forming the Santa her handicap, Mrs. Kline's diligence and spirit lady-and she has always been that-is a Barbara County Vintners' Association to pro­ have been an inspiration to all who know her. very important part of the Edwardsville mote the wines and wineries of Santa Barbara In an effort to share with my colleagues a Post Office and is an essential member of County. Its members include Au Bon Climat, glimpse of this exceptional woman, I am sub­ the team. Austin Cellars, Babcock Vineyards, Ballard mitting for the RECORD a recent biography of What else does Sharyn Kline do? Besides Canyon Winery, The Brander Vineyard, Byron Sharyn Kline. making the newspaper or having her name Vineyard & Winery, J. Carey Cellars, Carrari U.S. POST OFFICE, EDWARDSVILLE, IL, mentioned on KMOX-radio in St. Louis in Vineyards, Copenhagen Cellars/Stearns JANUARY 27, 1987 advertisement of her Spinal Cord Society Wharf, The Firestone Vineyard, The Gainey causes? She is chairman of the Pastoral Re­ It was cold that morning; clear, but very Vineyard, Houtz Vineyards, Longoria Wine cold. 1983, January 6, 7:45 a.m., It was the lations Committee of the First Baptist Cellars, Oupe Wine Cellars, Rancho Sisquoc, kind of morning the TV and radio people Church in Edwardsville and a member of Sanford Winery, Sanford & Benedict Vine­ warn you to beware of the frost and ice on the National Spinal Cord Society, and has yards, Santa Barbara Winery, Santa Ynez attended several of their conventions. In bridges and overpasses. It was the kind of Valley Winery, Tepusquet Vineyards, Vega morning that can change the 'good' life­ February 1986 she organized our local chap­ the simple, routine, take-good-health-for­ ter of the Spinal Cord Society, dedicated to Vineyards Winery and Zaca Mesa Winery. The granted kind of life-into disaster, into a the cure of spinal cord injuries and serving association sponsors two vintners' festivals­ challenge which few of us ever need tc face. as a support group for those afflicted with one in April and the other in October. Sharyn K. Kline had it all going for her. such a handicap. Mr. Speaker, I congratulate the Santa Bar­ A beautiful family and home, a bachelor of Through Sharyn Kline's leadership as bara County Vintners' Association on its im­ science degree in education, an excellent head of the local chapter, they raised pressive growth and development. job, active in the church, a good, intelligent $10,000 last year, via raffles, craft sales, mind, physically attractive and well liked by bake sales, cook books, rummage sales, coin everyone. Since first beginning her career in cans and appeal letters for contributions IN MEMORIAM: JAMES C. LIGHT­ the U.S. Postal Service, her goal was to from large companies. An excellent example FOOT, LAWYER AND SOLDIER become a Postmaster. Finally, after much hard work, perseverance, training both on­ of her hard work and dedication was just the-job and off, continued self-improvement last month. She organized a sales campaign HON. WALTER E. FAUNTROY toward a worthy goal, finally, she was given for poinsetta plants during the holidays. her first big opportunity. On Dec. 31, 1982, She had 1,000 plants delivered to her home OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA she was detailed from the Edwardsville, IL from Louisville, KY. "I had poinsettas ev­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Post Office as OIC in the Dorsey, IL Post erywhere," Sharyn said, "even in the bath­ Monday, May 18, 1987 Office. It was an ecstatic time for her and tub." All were sold, and either picked up by all those who knew her. the purchasers or delivered by Sharyn. Mr. FAUNTROY. Mr. Speaker, I want to Six mornings later tragedy slipped into What else does Sharyn Kline do? What bring to the attention of my colleagues the the life of Sharyn Kline on her way to her does any of us do? She shops. She keeps distinguished career of a native of Washing­ still-new assignment, just like the patch of house. She cooks. She drives. She goes to ton, DC, who lived much of his life in Philadel­ frosted ice created a monster on Route 159. work. She does cross stitch. She piddles phia-but who we still call our own. The Mustang sliced off the highway, hit an with plants-other than poinsettas. She at­ James C. Lightfoot died April 12, 1987, after embankment, rolled over several times. The tends church. She visits shows and social body of Sharyn Kline landed 60 feet from a lifetime of achievements. Born in Washing­ events connected with crafts and art. She ton, DC, the son of a Howard University pro­ the vehicle. Twelve broken ribs, broken back epitomizes a quiet courage and initiative. and severed spinal cord, paralysis, injuries fessor, he earned his degree there. After the She inspires us all. to stomach and lungs, on spinal cord inner­ war, he studied at Harvard University and vation for bowl and bladder, paraplegia. Bi­ And what doesn't she do? She doesn't complain and she doesn't quit! graduated from Harvard Law School in 1949. lateral chest tube insertion. Exploratory He became a partner in the center city of laparotomy. Artificial ventilation. Tracheos­ The only change to her previous goal of tomy. Surgery to stabilize spine. "Employee becoming a Postmaster is to now become a Philadelphia law firm-Moore, Lightfoot, and will probably never be able to resume work." walking Postmaster. And no one should bet Edley. A few years later, he was recruited by "Mrs. Kline will be confined to a wheelchair against her. Sharyn K. Kline isn't through Richardson Dilworth and lured to Philadel­ for the rest of her life." yet. phia's city hall. He served as an assistant city May 18, 1987 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 12737 solicitor, specializing in workmen's compensa­ very sensible article on this subject was writ­ and concerned about the impact of student tion and civil service cases working under ten by Mr. Joe L. McCormick, the executive loan defaults on their continued involve­ David Berger. director of the Texas Guaranteed Student ment in the GSL program. Loan Corp. This article appeared in the winter In summary, student loan defaults have In 1964 he became an assistant U.S. attor­ been and are currently a serious national ney, appointed to serve under Drew O'Keefe 1987 issue of the Journal of Student Financial concern on the part of all the participants by then-Attorney General Robert Kennedy. He Aid and I would like to share it with my col­ in the GSL program. It is recognized by served in that post until 1968, when he was leagues. policy maker and practitioner alike as more appointed administrative law judge in charge THE DEFAULT RATE FACTOR: WHO ls REALLY of a threat to the quality and integrity of of hearings and appeals for the Social Securi­ AT FAULT? our federal student aid programs than any ty Administration. He was the first black other single issue. named to such a post in Philadelphia. He In August 1985, Secretary of Education Clearly, student loan defaults are a prob­ served with distinction in that post until illness William Bennett issued a sharply worded lem. They are also a fact of life in any social forced his retirement in 1980. warning about defaults in federally spon­ program that lends money to young people with no credit history, no collateral, no co­ It was as a captain in Gen. George S. Pat­ sored student loan programs impose more rigorous attempts have been made. What these stud­ the Purple Heart there. and costly student loan origination and col­ ies have brought to light are a limited Our heartfelt sympathy is extended to his lection practices on commercial lenders, number of generally accepted facts about wife, Audrey, and his brother and sister. loan servicers, secondary markets, and guar­ the defaulted borrower: antee agencies, <2> compel lenders and guar­ Defaulters tend to have relatively small We are thankful for the illustrious life of Jim antee agencies to share an increasingly un­ loan balances: Davis 0985) found that the Lightfoot. reasonable percentage of the student loan average loan balance of defaulters tended to default costs now covered by the federal be between $2500 and $2700. Lee 0982> government, and <3> unnecessarily deny found that "cumulative loan size does not STUDENT LOAN DEFAULTS future access to student loans in the name appear to be closely related to the probabili­ of default prevention, this writer must ty of default. As the cumulative loan size in­ HON. WILLIAM D. FORD sound his own alarm and take great excep­ creases, so does the number of years in tion to the use of student loan defaults as school. The future income and/or propensi­ OF MICHIGAN the 'whipping boy' of federal student finan­ ty to repay loans may increase with more IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cial aid. years of education." Monday, May 18, 1987 Secretary Bennett is by no means alone in First year students are the most likely de­ his concern for effective resolution of stu­ faulters: A study by the New York State Mr. FORD of Michigan. Mr. Speaker, the dent loan defaults. Consider the following Higher Education Services Corporation subject of student loan defaults is unfortunate­ recent events: <1984) found "a strong inverse relationship ly cluttered with a great deal of misinformation His 1985 statement was made in the midst between default and . . . years spent in and confusion. The most important fact is that of a host of "default prevention" proposals school. Borrowers who last borrowed as in the largest student loan program, the Guar­ in Congress, some of which have already freshmen had the highest default rate, anteed Student Loan Program, the default been enacted into law as part of this past 14.2%. The default rate dropped steadily as rate is less than 1O percent. In other words, year's Higher Education Amendments of class level rose, with seniors and graduate 1986 Program dents. This result should come as no sur­ programs in recent years have led to substan­ had surpassed $36.6 billion dollars, with prise, since first year students are more tial improvements in the default rates in the almost 70% of this growth having occurred likely to drop out before completing their student loan programs. However, it is impor­ since 1980. education or training programs. The prema­ tant to realize that there will always be de­ In 1984, the Congress passed legislation di­ ture termination of studies often indicates faults in these programs. To aim for zero de­ recting the Internal Revenue Service, for dissatisfaction with such programs and fre­ the first time in its 70 year history, to col­ quently correlates with low earnings and/or faults is a mistake because it would necessi­ lect defaulted student loans and other unemployment after leaving school. tate such a high level of selectivity in student amounts owed the federal government by Defaulters tend to come from the ranks of borrowers that the purpose of the programs offsetting the tax returns of delinquent bor­ younger students: Davis correlated the high would be vitiated. If we want broad access to rowers . dents, in part, to the relative youth of such families, from low income backgrounds and A recent survey by the National Council borrowers. Younger students are often less from all types of schools, we must accept a of Higher Education Loan Programs report­ mature, less worldly, and therefore less reasonable percentage of defaults. This is not ed that "the reduction of student loan de­ likely to exercise appropriate judgment fault rates" was the single most important when making educational and credit deci­ to say that we should not try to reduce de­ concern of state guarantee agencies . At four year colleges and graduate Lenders, schools, and guarantee agencies state levels. Let's spend a little less on our schools, the percentages of delinquent de­ are all at "Fault" for aggressively promoting military and technological hardware and a faulters dropped lower still, to 4.8% and the student loan program to encourage little more on the human resources that will 2.7%." However, default rates among differ­ more borrowing in order to maximize yield, one day be needed to manage that hard­ ent school types may be less a function of increase enrollments, and increase loan ware. Political realities must be overcome such schools' policies and practices as a access. Now that we have entered a new era and new priorities won in the never ending result of the characteristics are more we are all at "Fault" for defaults and in a national research effort to document the likely to default on a student loan than the real sense no one is at "Fault." There are multifaceted nature of the student loan de­ traditional middle income, white, highly mo­ and there will be defaults in any student fault problem in this country. What we now tivated student! This is no less true today loan program that serves needy students. know about defaults is simply not enough. than when the GSL Program was estab­ The challenge for us is to continue to im­ Who really is the defaulted borrower? What lished in 1965. But at least in 1965 we had, prove what we are now doing to more effec­ were the most significant factors surround­ as a nation, determined, and most appropri­ tively control the defaults that we now have ing his default? What other socioeconomic ately so, that such students were worth the indicators were related to the actual de­ and will have in the future. If we truly be­ risk! fault? In addition, loan servicing and collec­ lieve in providing educational opportunity tion practices should be studied as well as These were the very students that federal for all those we serve, then we must resist financial assistance was designed to rescue, efforts to close the "front" door of educa­ the various activities of schools and lenders. to aid. When President Lyndon B. Johnson tional opportunity in misguided efforts to The answers may not be pleasant. Some of signed the Higher Education Act in 1965, he us will no doubt find their policy implica­ close the "back" door of defaults. It is high tions threatening to the way we currently spoke of what it meant to the nation, its time we took the "fault" out of "defaults" people, and its future. Because of all that and put in its place a strong commitment to do business. But we must do the research, went into the HEA, particularly the student the future of the young people we serve . . . analyze the data, and replace the myth with aid provisions, he said "any high school a strong commitment to improving the stu­ methodology that works. senior in this great land of ours can apply to dent loan programs we administer in order Next we must expand and embrace self. any college or university in any of the fifty to preserve, not limit access to postsecond­ regulation. If student loan defaults threaten states and not be turned away because his ary educational opportunity. the entire student loan industry, then we family is poor" . Students must exercise the appropriate accountabil­ from "large families and poor families," he SOME POSSIBLE NEW PERSPECTIVES ity to all the publics we serve: students, tax­ said, would be able to learn how to be "me­ If we can accept that fact that there are payers, policymakers, etc. Schools, lenders, chanics and welders and operators of heavy defaults without condemning the loan pro­ and guarantors who experience serious de­ machinery, and they will have jobs that are gram and "throwing the baby out with the fault problems must take the necessary more enduring and more profitable than bath water," then we can more effectively steps to effectively "clean house." Con­ some . . . who go out to lead in our class­ address the question of solutions. As unpop­ cerned associations like the National Asso­ rooms." ular and politically unwise as it may appear ciation of Trade and Technical Schools, the We must face our dilemma forcefully, on the surface, we must look at the question National Council of Higher Education Loan honestly, and pragmatically. Defaults can of acceptable tolerances in the default rate. Programs, the National Association of Stu­ be prevented, loans can be paid back in full, Contrary to what others may think, there dent Financial Aid Administrators, and the but we must first recognize an old ancient are acceptable tolerances for default rates Consumer Bankers Assocation must encour­ proverb: if you make enough loans to in the GSL program. It is important for us age reasonable, but firm, expediation of pro- May 18, 1987 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 12739 gram administration on the part of their Reinhard, Bill. "Tax Refund Withholding As part of a seminar on "The Profoundly In­ members. Peer pressure can be an effective Plan for Loan Defaulters Set to Begin." jured Child," the American Trial Lawyers As­ tool in combating defaults, especially when Higher Education Daily. Volume 13 Page 2. sweep in government regulation. Reinhard, Bill. "ED Predicts Default Rate and her students. On April 10, 1987, the ATLA Finally, we can improve what we are al­ Increase, Bennett Asks for Crackdown." paid tribute to them. While five students-Nat­ ready doing. Schools, lenders, and guaran­ Higher Education Daily. Volume 13 "law enforcement officer" means an teenagers concluded a suicide pact and officer or employee of the United States or killed themselves with carbon monoxide persons arrested and charged with those mur­ ders, and 817 were ultimately convicted-70 of a State who has authority under applica­ fumes from the exhaust of their car. Two ble law to enforce the criminal laws of the days later, two Chicago girls used the same percent conviction rate. Of those convicted, the following sentences were handed down: United States or a State; and method to take their own lives. <2> "State" means a State of the United In the last few years a number of these SENTENCING OF COP KILLERS (1974-83) States, the District of Columbia, the Com­ "cluster" suicides have drawn national at­ monwealth of Puerto Rico, and any terri­ tention: over a 3-day period in 1986, three tory or possession of the United States. Omaha high school students killed them­ Year Death Life Other sentence sentence sentence SEc. 3. This Act shall apply with respect to selves; during a six month period in Hous­ fiscal years beginning with the third fiscal ton 29 people under th eage of 20 committed year after the fiscal year in which this Act suicide. These are some of the stories we 1974 ...... 22 33 40 1975...... 14 71 25 is enacted. hear about on the network news. There are 1976...... 14 45 26 many more which we do not hear about. 1977...... 10 33 21 Our legislation-H.R. 457-is a critical 1978...... 15 48 15 1979 ...... 21 48 17 A TRIBUTE TO MR. DONALD W. first step in establishing a nationwide re­ 1980...... 58 15 26 sponse. Our bill provides for a series of 1981 ...... 24 24 36 McGOWAN 1982...... 8 46 14 modest grants for desperately needed sui­ 1983...... 14 33 17 cide prevention programs. It would permit training of personnel in community-based Total ...... 200 396 1 201 HON. JAMES A. TRAFICANT, JR. and private organizations, and would pro­ (24.4%) (48.5%) (246%) OF OHIO vide for the development and implementa­ 1 20 died in custody. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tion of youth suicide-prevention programs Monday, May 18, 1987 and pilot projects. This is a national disgrace. We ask our Na­ This funding would not be used for re­ tion's police officers to risk their lives every Mr. TRAFICANT. Mr. Speaker, I rise today search, but would build upon research and to pay tribute to Mr. Donald W. McGowan, a experience in preventing youth suicide. In day on the job, and then we let their murder­ my congressional district, the San Mateo ers walk the streets after a 6-year jail term. prominent resident of my 17th Congressional County Campaign financing should not be a parti­ infectious diseases declined, and parents They have not lost their mothers through lived long enough to raise their children, tuberculosis. Nonetheless, they are or­ san issue. Democrats and Republicans have the number of orphans dropped so sharply phans-in a new guise. Our orphans. been the targets of scurrilous independent ex­ (from 16.3 percent of the total population in penditures. Ratification of a constitutional 1920 to 5.4 percent in 1953> that they amendment is needed in order to proceed ra­ became what one statistician called "a van­ CAMPAIGN SPENDING REFORM tionally on comprehensive campaign finance ishing phenomenon." reform. And so for two decades after 1953 they seemed to be. Since it was thought that HON. BRUCE F. VENTO their ever-diminishing number could be OF MINNESOTA TENNESSEE STUDENT WINS looked after by what many social workers ESSAY CONTEST thought would be the ideal way to replace IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the family-foster home care-asylums were Monday, May 18, 1987 closed down and an orphan began to be HON. DON SUNDQUIST Mr. VENTO. Mr. Speaker, the freedom of called a "foster child." OF TENNESSEE It wasn't long before it became clear that speech is not synonomous with the ability to foster care was as problematical as institu­ spend money and the amount of money you IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tional care had been. A successful match be­ have to spend. This notion is ludicrous. Monday, May 18, 1987 tween child and family was difficult to ar­ As principal author in the 98th and 99th Mr. SUNDQUIST. Mr. Speaker, it is my range; many foster parents were more inter­ Congresses of a constitutional amendment to ested in augmenting their income than in pleasure to submit to you an essay which was allow Congress and the States to control cam­ written by a high school student in my district, looking after the offspring of others; chil­ paign expenditures, today, I am introducing dren were shunted from one household to and which subsequently was selected as the another-with predictable results. By the 1980's, with the explosion of tures in an effort to unseat a single incum­ THE CHALLENGE OF AMERICAN CITIZENSHIP teen-age pregnancies, and the increase in bent. I myself have been the target of inde­ America symbolizes freedom to all the the number of women with children living world. She represents liberty and opportuni­ below the poverty line, articles began to pendent expenditures. ty as no other nation on earth. Don't let appear almost daily about infants spending When the FEC released its figures on re­ America take her freedom for granted, be­ the night on top of desks in welfare agen­ ported independent expenditures in the 1986 cause each one of us represents America in­ cies; others being left for months, even campaign, there weren't any suprises. Inde­ dividually. Our forefathers founded this years, in hospitals, and still others going pendent expenditures again increased. For the nation for freedom of religion. That was the with their homeless mothers to shelters and 1981-82 election cycle, $5. 7 million was spent spark that stated this flame we know as welfare hotels. independently. For 1983-84, the figure was $6 America. We have been blessed for over 210 At the height of the asylum era, the most mil!ion. The FEC has reported that independ­ years as a free nation. Whether or not vulnerable strata of society-newly arrived ent expenditures for the 1985-86 cycle had America continues as we know her depends immigrants, the unemployed, war widows, on her citizens. It depends on you and me. unmarried mothers, deserted spouses-could risen to nearly $8.5 million. These are the new America has always been a place for those put children they couldn't look after into rules of the game and they are not right, they many oppressed from other nations who orphanages and foundling homes, some­ are not fair, and they are adversely affecting seek freedom, and are willing to risk their times only while they went through a bad the tenor and quality of the U.S. electoral lives for it. And that is one reason for which period, sometimes permanently. Today, process. we should remain free. We have not re­ they do not have these possibilities. In place Without ratification of a constitutional mained a free nation by accident. Thou­ of dormitories with long rows of beds cov­ amendment allowing real campaign expendi­ sands of men have died to protect our rights ered with white sheets, in welfare hotels as citizens, and these men were not born one sees overcrowded rooms with unmade ture reform, we are trying to deal with this heroes-mostly average people, with a love beds. Instead of a subsistence diet and clock­ issue with one hand tied behind our backs. of America and a willingness to pay a great work discipline, there is junk food on The more we try to crack down on PAC's and price because they knew the value of free­ demand, little supervision and close proxim­ attempt to limit individual expenditures, the dom. ity to adults who are alcoholics, durg ad­ more special interest groups will funnel their Now freedom and citizenship are closely dicts and prematurely discharged psycho­ funds into independent spending that is nega­ related. We have the right to choose the tics. tively oriented. This situation, this fact, works leaders who represent us. This right to Statisticians now predict there will be an as a deterrent against action on comprehen­ choose is an opportunity denied to millions increase in the number of minors who will of people throughout the world. Yet many find themselves without homes or parents sive and meaningful campaign financing limits Americans take this privilege so lightly they before they are old enough to fend for and reforms. have not bothered to even register to vote. themselves, and that over the next decade The Buckley versus Valeo loophole has Of those who are registered, only a percent­ more than half the babies born will have even been widened by recent Supreme Court age of them actually go to the polls and mothers who are unmarried teenagers. The decisions and by creative use of this loophole. vote on election day. Often elections are problems are so overwhelming we can't bear Ironically, last December the Supreme Court won or lost by a small number of votes­ to think about them. Yet we must, for there struck down a Federal regulation that prohibit­ sometimes as lettle as 1% . is no magical way to reconstitute the family. ed political expenditures by non-profit advoca­ I've heard that just a little over half of Perhaps a way to begin is with language. cy groups. This has the effect of setting these the American people vote in presidential "Foster child" is a euphemism. It has a soft elections. One of the reasons may be apathy sound. We need a hard-edged word with groups above and outside national and State . . . lack of concern. Another possible reason deep resonance. We have it. These children election laws. They don't even have to form could be that we are. not adequately in­ have not lost both parents in an epidemic as PAC's for campaign spending purposes. The formed. In America there is no shortage of some did in 1918. They have not lost their net effect of the court decisions is the com- information. That is one of the greatest May 18, 1987 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 12743 things about living in a free society. We our people. Over the years, beginning with And so, "Dear God," How I hope and pray have the right to know, the freedom to find Hillel Hebrew Academy and then Yavneh When thou will grant us that glory day. out, and the privilege of informing others. Hebrew Academy, Sephardic Hebrew Acade­ So that whispers can cease and action will Each of us is important. We can made a my, Keram Yeshiva, Yeshiva University of Los start difference! The individual can do so much Angeles, and Yeshiva Ohr Eichonon Chabad, And deeds will start pouring right from the for America. You may be born a citizen, but heart; you become a patriot by sacrifice, and work, this couple and their children have worked de­ votedly on our behalf. They have made sure Then my nightly shadows shall all disap­ and by promoting the welfare of other citi­ pear; zens. And as patriots we should be able to that the knowledge, values, and lessons of I beg thee, Oh Lord, that this day be near. influence how our representatives vote. I the past and present are transmitted through­ understand that when a Senator or Con­ out generations, from parent to child, father to Amen. gressman receives just one letter, he consid­ son, mother to daughter, children to grandchil­ ers it to represent the feeling of many more dren. By their generosity and acts of kindness, than that one individual who took the time they protect and nourish us all. THE INDIAN DEVELOPMENT to write. And that one individual could play FINANCE CORPORATION ACT a definite role on how his representative In addition to their many educational pur­ votes. You or I could be that individual! suits, the Arnalls have always been staunch We have our citizenship by birth, but ac­ supporters of Israel and of numerous Jewish HON. BILL RICHARDSON cording to the United States Bureau of Sta­ philanthropies. They are blessed to have two OF NEW MEXICO tistics 0984 edt.), more than 260,000 people children, Roland, who is married to Sally, and from other nations around the world filed Claude, who is married to Etty. In addition, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Petitions of Intent. That is the initial form they have four grandchildren, Daniel, Michelle, Monday, May 18, 1987 aliens must fill out before applying for nat­ Brigitte, and Michael. uralization. I wonder how many of us would Mr. RICHARDSON. Mr. Speaker, I am be able to maintain our citizenship if we The Arnalls are extraordinary people, and it is a pleasure to share just a few of their many pleased to introduce today the American were required to pass the American natural­ Indian Development Finance Corporation Act. ization test. Maybe we would not have the accomplishments with the leadership and privilege of calling ourselves Americans. In membership of this body. I ask that my col­ This is a bill to provide for the economic de­ the words of John Quincy Adams, "Posteri­ leagues join me in wishing them the very best velopment of Indian tribes by furnishing the ty, you will never know how much it has of luck in all their future endeavors. necessary capital, financial services, and tech­ cost my generation to preserve your free­ nical assistance to Indian-owned business en­ dom. I hope you will make good use of it." terprises and to stimulate the development of You and I are that posterity. Have we made POEM BY MR. DAVID GIMBEL the private sector of Indian tribal economies. good use of it? More importantly, will we We would accomplish these goals by estab­ make good use of it-because we are the HON. CHARLES E. SCHUMER lishing a federally chartered, mixed ownership caretakers of freedom. OF NEW YORK Development Finance Institution which would IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES be authorized to provide a broad range of fi­ A TRIBUTE TO EUGENE AND Monday, May 18, 1987 nancial intermediary services, including equity YOLANDA ARNALL capital, direct loans, loan guarantees, and Mr. SCHUMER. Mr. Speaker, I would like to business management assistance. The Corpo­ call the attention of my colleagues to a spe­ ration as proposed in this legislation would be , HON. MEL LEVINE cial poem written by a courageous gentleman, OF CALIFORNIA designed to operate on the same level as the David Gimbel. The poem expresses his wish private market. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES for himself and other parents of severely men­ The Indian Development Finance Corpora­ tally retarded children. Monday, May 18, 1987 tion proposal represents the best thinking of a Mr. Gimbel's only child is severely mentally Mr. LEVINE of California. Mr. Speaker, I rise team of Indian economists, business manage­ retarded. He has been a devoted single today on behalf of Eugene and Yolanda ment specialists, and finance experts who parent to his precious daughter for many Arnall, two very special people who will be have devoted 2 years to research the condi­ years. Since 1949, he has been a member of honored by Yeshiva Ohr Eichonon Chabad at tions of Indian economic development and the Association for the Help of Retarded Chil­ its fourth annual banquet on June 15, 1987. compare how the Indians needs would be dren, a wonderful organization in which he To mark this occasion, I would like to share a best met by drawing upon the experience of has found the support and understanding to glimpse of their lives with my colleagues in the and other Government-spon­ continue working toward creating a better life the U.S. House of Representatives. sored development institutions. for retarded children. His touching tribute to Eugene and Yolanda Arnall left their re­ Mr. Speaker, I am aware that proposals to his daughter follows: spective countries of origin, Romania and establish new federally chartered institutions Czechoslovakia, as young adults and resettled HER DADDY'S PRAYER and to capitalize such institutions with public in Paris, France. There they met, and in 1935, My neighbors children at play in the street, moneys run against the stream of current Their laughter and joy makes life so com­ they were married. As the threat and reality of plete, Government policies. However, I am con­ Nazi persecution grew, Eugene moved his The love that these children are actually vinced that Members of this body will be per­ family to the south of France in order to save giving suaded that the conditions of extreme deep them from destruction. Unfortunately, the ma­ Makes their parents lives so worthwhile seated poverty which exists on Indian reserva­ jority of their relatives including parents, sis­ living. tions call out for a dramatic response. The ters, brothers, and others-those who had not The ticking clock upon my wall reasons for such unparalled poverty and un­ left Romania and Czechoslovakia-perished in And the approaching night as shadows fall; employment as exists on Indian reservations the Holocaust. "Oh Heavenly God" with thy wordly powers have been widely studied and documented by After the liberation and end of the war, the I ask thy help in my lonely hours. the Congress, Federal agencies and numer­ family returned to Paris where they picked up Creator of humanity of nature and words, ous private institutions and the Indian tribes the pieces of their lives. In 1951, the Arnalls The moon and sun and flying birds; themselves. Such studies have consistently left Europe and moved to Canada. Subse­ Mountains, streams, and a sky so blue, identified the following obstacles to balanced quently, the family relocated in Los Angeles, The breaking of dawn and the morning dew. economic growth and progress: and since 1957, they have been working in And yet, Dear Lord, I only have tears First, the very limited availability of long­ As I think of my child in the coming years; and contributing to this community. "Her little brain,'' so injured and weak, term capital and very limited access to short­ The Arnalls have long understood that we When folks pass her by, in whispers they term commercial credit; are all obligated to help one another and that speak. Second, the lack of effective control by the we must do what we can in order to preserve Endow people with knowledge so they un­ Indians themselves over their own lands and life and ensure the survival of our traditions. derstand. resources; and They have always maintained that the educa­ That they may come forward and these chil­ Third, the scarcity of experienced business tion of our children is vital to the survival of dren befriend; managers and technicians. 12744 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 18, 1987 In the past, the Federal Government has at­ Seventeen other select committee members matic priorities, to resolve interagency con­ tempted to stimulate Indian economic devel­ are original cosponsors of this legislation. flicts and to ensure a continuing high-level pri­ opment through a combination of grant pro­ They include Representative FRANK GUARINI, ority on drug issues within the executive grams, direct loans, and loan-guarantee pro­ who introudced a similar bill, H.R. 353, earlier branch. grams. These efforts have consistently fallen this year and who has been a longtime advo­ Administration witnesses have testified far short of their objectives due to an inad­ cate of a high-level drug policy coordinator, before the select committee that a drug czar equate level of funding, lack of coordination and Representatives PETER W. RODINO, JR., is not necessary because the President is in between programs, and a lack of private busi­ FORTNEY H. (PETE) STARK, JAMES SCHEUER, charge of drug policy. He is the drug czar. ness experience on the part of the administra­ CARDISS COLLINS, DANIEL AKAKA, ROBERT Now, with the recent Executive order creating tors of these Government programs. In con­ MATSUI, DANTE FASCELL, WALTER FAUNTROY, the National Drug Policy Board, we are told trast, the Indian Development Finance Corpo­ MEL LEVINE, SOLOMON ORTIZ, LAWRENCE that Attorney General Edwin Meese Ill, as ration's primary mission would be to provide fi­ SMITH, ED TOWNS, LAWRENCE COUGHLIN, Chairman of the Policy Board, is in charge of STAN PARRIS, DUNCAN HUNTER, and ROBERT nancing for Indian business enterprises whose Federal drug policy. principal place of business is located within DORNAN. In addition, our colleague STEWART Let me state at the outset that I have the the boundaries of an Indian reservation or McKINNEY had expressed his desire to be a highest respect for the President and the At­ whose principal business activities are direct­ cosponsor of this measure. ed at contributing to the economy of an Indian The National Narcotics Leadership Act torney General and do not doubt for a minute community. The very important distinction be­ would establish an Office of the Director of their personal commitment to narcotics con­ tween the functioning of this corporation and National Drug Control Policy in the Executive trol. This legislation is in no way intended to either Government programs or private banks Office of the President. This office would be be critical of them personally or to be a parti­ is that the corporation is designed to draw headed by a Director who would be assisted san, political attack on the administration's from the best of both worlds. It would be re­ by a Deputy Director for Demand Reduction drug control efforts. Indeed, the need for quired under this law that the corporation and a Deputy Director for Drug Law Enforce­ better coordination of Federal narcotics policy would be supervised by a board whose busi­ ment. The Director and the two deputies has been clear for many years, spanning both ness credentials would have to be established would be appointed by the President and sub­ Republican and Democratic administrations. prior to their appointment. The organization ject to Senate confirmation. They could hold Having said that, though, it is clear that nei­ would be a stock corporation with the princi­ no other position in the Federal Government. ther the President nor the Attorney General ples of competitiveness and accountability The bill gives the Director broad authority to can devote their full energies to drug policy. In built into its mode of operation. However, it develop and implement Federal drug policy. fact, they have so many other important re­ would have the advantage of generating cap­ The Director would have the authority to direct sponsibilities that require their attention that I ital which could only be possible through Gov­ each department or agency with drug control doubt anyone would expect, or want, them to ernment sponsorship. responsibilities to carry out the policies estab­ spend all of their time on drug issues. The Indian specialists who designed this lished by the Director "consistent with the To appreciate how fragmented Federal drug proposal felt that it is essential that the Indian general authority of each agency or depart­ control efforts are, one need only read Execu­ tribes and Indian enterprises have a stake in ment." He would have the authority, with the tive Order 12590 of March 26, 1987, creating the business before they could receive the concurrence of the various department heads, the National Drug Policy Board. The member­ benefit of its services. In other words, Indian to temporarily reassign personnel in order to ship of the Board consists of the heads of 17 tribes or businesses that come to the corpora­ implement drug policy. He would also be re­ Federal entities, including every department tion for assistance will first have to become sponsible for developing, in concert with other except Commerce. Within those organizations, shareholders in the corporation. Thus, in a Federal agencies, budgetary priorities and al­ there are many more agencies and offices in­ very real sense, this would be their corpora­ locations for drug abuse control. volved in antinarcotics efforts. tion and not the Government's, although there The Director would be required to submit an The Federal Government has declared war is a necessary level of Government control annual "National and International Drug Con­ on drugs but we cannot fight this war without and accountability. trol Strategy." This report would contain pro­ a general to lead us. Unfortunately, there is a Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to scruti­ jections for programs and budget priorities strong perception in Congress that no one is nize this bill and I look forward to receiving and "realistic and achievable projections for in charge of our antidrug efforts. their input as well as the input of Indian tribes drug seizures, availability, purity, and drug Over 2 years ago, Congress created the and experts from the private sector. Long­ usage for the next 5 years." term progress in overcoming the conditions of National Drug Enforcement Policy Board to The bill also requires the President to in­ coordinate Federal drug enforcement, interdic­ extreme poverty with its attendant social prob­ clude in his annual budget submission to the tion and international narcotics control efforts. lems on reservations can only be met if we Congress a detailed request, in consultation Yet, this mechanism does not appear to be create institutions that will be available for the with the Director, for Federal agencies respon­ working. long term and for such institutions to enable sible for drug abuse prevention, treatment, The Customs Service and the Coast Guard the Indian people to do for themselves rather and law enforcement. are feuding bitterly and publicy over drug inter­ than have the Government do for them. In this The legislation we are introducing today es­ very important sense, this proposal furthers tablishes what is commonly referred to as a diction roles and resources. the U.S. Government's longstanding policy of drug czar. To many, this term suggests a Recent press reports have chronicled the self-determination and self-sufficiency in number of negative connotations such as an disagreement between the Attorney General Indian affairs. extra layer of bureaucracy and a super-Cabi­ and the Secretary of Defense over sophisti­ net official who will meddle in the day-to-day cated radar equipment for conversion of P-3 NATIONAL NARCOTICS operations of those agencies charged with aircraft into drug patrol planes, a project au­ LEADERSHIP ACT OF 1987 drug control responsibilities. thorized by Congress. I want to emphasize that it is not the intent A recent report by the Office of Technology of this legislation to usurp the authority of the Assessment, entitled "The Border War on HON. CHARLES B. RANGEL Drugs," concludes that, "Responsibilities of OF NEW YORK departments and agencies with responsibility for drug control activities. Rather, it is the the Federal drug interdiction agencies are IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES intent of this legislation to establish in the ex­ fragmented and overlapping." That compre­ Monday, May 18, 1987 ecutive branch one official who is responsible, hensive report on our interdiction efforts also Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, I have intro­ on a full-time basis, for the development, co­ found that, "Despite increasing Federal ex­ duced today the National Narcotics Leader­ ordination, and implementation of our Nation's penditures for interdiction, illegal drug imports ship Act of 1987. I am pleased to be joined by drug control policies and programs. The Direc­ appear to be increasing. There is no clear cor­ my colleague from New York, Congressman tor of National Drug Control Policy would be relation between the level of expenditures or BENJAMIN A. GILMAN, the distinguished rank­ charged to establish a long-range comprehen­ effort devoted to interdiction and the long­ ing minority member of the Select Committee sive strategy for combating drug abuse and term availability of illegally imported drugs in on Narcotics Abuse and Control. drug trafficking, to set budgetary and program- the domestic market." May 18, 1987 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 12745 Nearly 4 years ago, the General Accounting complete confidence of the President and opment depends on managing resources, not Office analyzed Federal drug interdiction ef­ who will have direct access to the President. exhausting them. forts and concluded that stronger central co­ The drug coordinator should be independent Economic growth based on any other premise is a costly illusion. What is wasted ordination was needed. GAO found that no of the agencies and departments so that he or poisoned today leaves that much less to one individual has the information or responsi­ or she has no turf to protect and can weigh nourish the world tomorrow. bility to evaluate Federal drug efforts and rec­ competing agency views objectively and rec­ "Environmental neglect," as I said to the ommend corrective actions. GAO recommend­ ommend to the President and Congress the Governors of the World Bank seven months ed that the President make a clear delegation policies and actions that will best serve the ago, "destroys assets vital not just to the of responsibility to one individual to oversee goals of reducing the supply and use of illegal quality of life but to life itself." Environ­ Federal drug enforcement programs. drugs, not parochial agency interests. mental planning, I would add tonight, can I see little reason to hope that the new Na­ I have no illusions that Congress can legis­ make the most of nature's resources so that tional Drug Policy Board will work any better human resourcefulness can make the most late a shotgun marriage between the Presi­ of the future. than the National Drug Enforcement Policy dent and a so-called drug czar. Unless the I share the optimism of the recently re­ Board. This new Cabinet-level committee will President fully supports the drug coordinator, leased report of the World Commission on be assisted by two coordinating groups-a the coordinator cannot be effective. I am intro­ Environment and Development. With its Drug Enforcement Coordinating Group re­ ducing the National Narcotics Leadership Act members I, too, "see ... the possibility for a sponsible for drug supply reduction and a and will push for its enactment, however, to new era of economic growth • • • based on Drug Abuse Prevention and Health Coordinat­ demonstrate to the administration that Con­ policies that sustain and expand the envi­ ing Group responsible for demand reduction. gress believes the current situation cannot be ronmental resource base." Associate Attorney General Stephen S. Trott, allowed to continue. My optimism, like others, is tempered by who chairs the Drug Enforcement Coordinat­ caution. It is time to try a different approach to drug In environmental affairs, as in many ing Group, testified recently before the select policy coordination. It is time to put someone others, science has outdistanced govern­ committee that he spends about 20 percent of in charge, full time, of our country's antidrug ment. Yet many of the problems the world his time on narcotics matters. When we asked effort. has come to recognize as urgent are still him, as the coordinator, to spell out for us our I urge Members to join me in supporting this beyond man's technical, as well as political, Federal drug policies and programs are in a legislation. capacities. number of critical areas, he responded by re­ We know that we must stop the advance ferring us to the heads of the various agen­ of the deserts. We do not yet know how. cies involved. Dr. Donald Ian Macdonald, who A NEW WORLD BANK POLICY We know that population control is essen­ chairs the Drug Abuse Prevention and Health ON THE ENVIRONMENT tial to environmental protection. But, for all the progress of past decades in family Coordinating Group, divides his time between health and planning, population growth in his other rsponsibilities as Director of the HON. JOHN EDWARD PORTER many of the poorest lands continues to White House Drug Abuse Policy Office and OF ILLINOIS outrun resources. Administrator of the Alcohol, Drug Abuse and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES We know that we must save the tropical Mental Health Administration. rain forests. But neither developing nations We cannot fight an effective, coordinated Monday, May 18, 1987 nor international institutions have adequate war on drugs with part-time committees and Mr. PORTER. Mr. Speaker, signs indicate alternatives for hungry people in search of part-time coordinators. This type of collegial food, and the land to grow it on. Research­ that the new adminstration of our former col­ ers are only beginning to discover the poten­ decisionmaking will result in a lowest common league, Barber Conable, at the World Bank is tial of the forests to support both domesti­ denominator approach to drug policy-solu­ going to be one of the most dynamic in the cated and wildlife together. tions that satisfy the parochial interests of the Bank's history. Most broadly, we know of the planet-wide agencies involved without adequately reflect­ Earlier this year, Conable played the major threat to the basic resources of air and ing what best serves the national interest and role in leading the "Safe Motherhood" Confer­ water on which the survival of earth de­ the goals of narcotics control. ence that has focused greater attention on pends. But common effort to save the global There is already some evidence to suggest the need for immunization and family planning commons requires a degree of institutional this approach is at work. Operational leader­ coordination and a measure of sustained po­ to make major improvements in child and ma­ litical resolve that man applies more readily ship for Operation Alliance, the administra­ ternal health. to destroy than to preserve life. tion's highly publicized southwest border drug Now, Conable, has also brought the vast re­ In measuring the influence of the World enforcement initiative, was established on a sources of the Bank to bear on the task of Bank against the environmental challenge, I rotating basis among Customs, the Immigra­ providing for sustainable development without see how long a road there is to travel from tion and Naturalization Service, and the Drug destroying the environment. As one member awakened environmental consciousness to Enforcement Administration, with lead agency who has expressed some concern over the effective environmental action. responsibility shifting every six months. Simi­ fate of the world's diminishing tropical rain The Bank has long been at the forefront larly, Customs and Coast Guard have agreed of that march. Ours was the first interna­ forest, I appreciate his effort. tional lending institution to set explicit poli­ to rotate on a two-year basis command and Earlier this month, Conable delivered a cies on limiting any harmful environmental control of the southeast command, control, major address on the subject of development consequences of development projects it communications and intelligence center for air and the environment before the World Re­ supported. In the early 1970s, for example, a interdiction. sources Institute. It is an excellent rendition of Bank-financed iron ore terminal was built Congress and the American people deserve the problems facing the world's environment on a Brazilian beach under strict safeguards to know who is in charge of drug policy. The and what the Bank can do about it. against pollution and with real respect for President should designate one person to be the site's natural beauty. PREPARED STATEMENT OF BARBER B. CONABLE responsible on a full-time basis for drug abuse Inevitably, the Bank has also stumbled. It is an honor to address members and For instance, a more recent Brazilian policy. There should be one person Congress supporters of the World Resources Insti­ project, known as Polonoroeste, was a sober­ can turn to when we need answers about tute. ing example of an environmentally sound Federal narcotics control policies and guid­ The Institute is a global resource itself. effort which went wrong. ance on how we can best support our Na­ Policymakers owe you a lasting debt of The Bank misread the human, institution- · tion's efforts legislatively. We need one thanks for the research you pursue and the al and physical realities of the jungle and person who can articulate forcefully to Con­ admirable balance with which you present the frontier. In some cases, the dynamics of gress and the American public what the Fed­ it. the frontier got out of control. eral Government is doing to respond to the What I owe you on this occasion is a Protective measures to shelter fragile land report on the World Bank's actions, plans and tribal people were included; they were narcotics problem and what more needs to be and progress in matching our fight against not, however, carefully timed or adequately done. global poverty with our commitment to en­ monitored. The person appointed by the President to vironmental protection. Polonoroeste teaches many lessons. One be the drug coordinator should be someone of The two goals are not just consistent. basic truth is that ambitious environmental recognized stature, someone who has the They are interdependent. Sustained devel- design requires realistic analysis of the en- 12746 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 18, 1987 forcement mechanisms in place and in pros­ environmental effects. We will put new em­ we can identify both the effective and per­ pect. phasis both on correcting economic policy verse factors shaping and misshaping the When mistakes associated with the Polon­ incentives that promote environmental environment. oroeste project became obvious in early abuse and on stimulating the small-scale ac­ I am not proposing make-work research. 1985, the Bank interrupted payments as a tivities that can combat human and environ­ What I seek from data-much of which is way to encourage important corrective mental deprivation. already on hand-is a composite inventory measures. What we had learned was not Not only will we strengthen the Bank's of environmental assets and liabilities. that we should avoid projects with environ­ long-standing policy of scrutinizing develop­ With such a planning instrument, we mental implications, but rather that where ment projects for their environmental could move toward establishing the value of institutional safeguards are weak, the Bank impact and withholding support for those those priceless resources-topsoil and grass must be a positive force to strengthen them. where safeguards are inadequate, but we cover, water and drainage, human skills and Brazil has now made progress in building will also institutionalize an approach to nat­ traditional lifestyles-we too often consider safeguards for environmental protection. ural resource management that puts a pre­ insignificant. And the Bank is anxious to support Brazil's mium on conservation. Let us show in economic and environmen­ government in pursuing a National Environ­ As part of these philosophical and institu­ tal terms what subsidies to pesticide produc­ mental Program that can become a model tional changes, I propose to allocate new re­ ers and timber cutters and livestock growers for other nations. sources to a number of new environmental actually cost in ruining the land and driving A second basic truth learned from Polon­ initiatives. families from it. oroeste is that where development is taking In partnership with member countries and Let us weigh the real price of wilderness place, it cannot be halted, only directed. with the rest of the development communi­ resettlement against the expense of health The Bank cannot influence progress from ty, we will begin with an urgent, country-by­ and family planning clinics, of agricultural the sidelines. It must be part of the action. country assessment of the most severely extension services, new crops and new farm­ With the developing nations, we must go threatened environments in developing na­ ing techniques. on learning by doing. If the World Bank has tions. Let us hold pricing policies and currency been part of the problem in the past, it can We will promote a continent-wide initia­ values up to the light of environmental and will be a strong force in finding solu­ tive against the advance of the desert and analysis to see if and how they encourage tions for the future. the destruction of forests in Africa. over-exploitation of natural resources. "Nothing so needs reforming," Mark We will contribute to a global program to And let us acknowledge that, while we Twain observed, "as other people's habits." support tropical forest conservation. must exercise increasing care with large­ The Bank will begin by reforming its own. And we will participate in a cooperative scale development projects, small is not nec­ First, we are creating a top-level Environ­ effort by the nations of the Mediterranean essarily beautiful. It is time we recognize ment Department to help set the direction and other international agencies to prepare that individual practices driven by poverty of Bank policy, planning and research work. a long-term campaign to protect that sea and ignorance and unexamined economic It will take the lead in developing strategies and its coasts. policies have cumulative effects that are to integrate environmental considerations As recent events have demonstrated, envi­ just as environmentally destructive as any into our overall lending and policy activities. ronmental protection is a subject which badly planned wilderness road or hydroelec­ At the same time, new offices in each of warrants increased efforts in industrialized tric project. the four regional technical departments will as well as in developing countries. But We must reshape not just the Bank's out­ take on a dual role. They will function both progress is especially hard to achieve in the as environmental watchdogs over Bank-sup­ look and activities but also the customs and porated projects, and as scouts and advo­ developing world. ingrained attitudes of hundreds of millions cates for promising advances in resource So many other priorities demand simulta­ of individuals and of their leaders. In doing management. In this process, they will con­ neous attention. So few skilled personnel so we must remember another piece of sult routinely with environmental officials are available. And so much must be done to Mark Twain's wisdom: "Habit is habit, and in developing countries, and will work to build the institutional capacity to handle not to be flung out of the window, but strengthen local institutions. The establish­ complex environmental issues. coaxed downstairs a step at a time." ment of these offices will increase signifi­ Acknowledging those realities, the World Our environmental assessment surveys cantly the number of staff directly involved Bank also acknowledges its special responsi­ will move us one big step forward. They will in environmental programs. bilities in helping developing nations shape assemble the knowledge we need to move These organizational changes do not just their growth. As an advisor, a source of in­ further and faster toward environmental ra­ add layers of interference to head off errors tellectual as well as financial support, the tionality in our leading programs. of commission. The added staff will help Bank must be responsive and innovative. As In Africa, while country assessments pro­ define policy and develop initiatives to pro­ a lender, it must exert new and persuasive ceed, the Bank will lay the ground for mote growth and environmental protection influence to integrate better management of action that crosses national boundaries and together. They will work to ensure that en­ natural resources into developing planning tackles regional environmental dangers. vironmental awareness is integral to all the and investment. Africa's needs are critical. Over the last 15 Bank's activities. Fortunately, we are far from alone. The years, despite the best efforts of African Environmental action adds a new dimen­ Bank can profit from and contribute to the governments and the international commu­ sion to the fight against global poverty. It valuable work of our member nations, the nity, per capita income and per capita food recognizes that sound ecology is good eco­ expert and dedicated efforts of non-govern­ production in most of sub-Saharan Africa nomics. Indeed the objectives of sustainable mental organizations and the wide, continu­ have declined. At the same time and in the economic growth, poverty alleviation and ing experience of other international agen­ same areas, deserts have spread, forests environmental protection often are mutual­ cies such as the United Nations Environ­ have dwindled, soil has washed away. ly reinforcing. ment Program. With population projected to rise from Population pressure that pushes farmers We must start, however, with better 380 million to 690 million in the last two onto increasingly marginal land is a major knowledge of the problems and the opportu­ decades of the century, the pressures of ur­ cause of ecological problems in many coun­ nities we face. banization, fuelwood consumption and tries, particularly the poorer ones. Curbing To gain that understanding, the Bank will slash-and-burn farming are stripping West population growth is essential for sustain­ use its added staff resources in a collabora­ Africa alone of 3.6 million hectares of forest able economic growth; otherwise it will not tive effort to assess environmental threats a year. Continued over three years, that be possible to introduce policies and pro­ in the 30 most vulnerable developing na­ tempo of deforestation would denude an grams that steer farmers to the best land, tions. That five-year process will involve area the size of Greece; over ten years, the that induce the production of crops which both study and education, not just in the Ivory Coast. strengthen the soil and stem erosion, that Bank but also with responsible developing The rate of forest loss in five West Afri­ bring livestock to graze where pasture is country policymakers. can nations is seven times the world aver­ rich, and that educate city and country Our goal will be to develop a new appre­ age, and desertification in just one coun­ dwellers alike to respect and safeguard the ciation of the forces at work against envi­ try-Mali-has drawn the Sahara 350 kilo­ balance of nature. ronmental balance. Our objective is a sort of meters farther south in the last 20 years. The World Bank is a force for develop­ natural resources balance sheet, a coherent The Congo River carries an average of 65 ment and will remain so. We will continue planning instrument for better manage­ million metric tons of soil into the ocean to support major investments in energy and ment. each year. infrastructure, in industrialism and irriga­ I believe we can make ecology and eco­ Against these natural and man-made tion. nomics mutually reinforcing disciplines. By forces, I believe we must mount an interna­ Our role in such projects, however, will in­ looking closely at market forces and broadly tional environmental rescue and develop­ clude greater sensitivity to their long-term at all key sectors of development activity, ment effort in sub-Saharan Africa. I will ask May 18, 1987 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 12747 World Bank staff experts to draw up a spe­ We can help train foresters and farmers in Ed is retiring on June 1, 1987 as director of cial program of technical studies to identify new techniques of tree breeding, in the cul­ human resources and administration with and assess urgent, promising environmental tivation of medicinal plants and the conser­ protection projects, regional, not just na­ vation of wildlands. Santa Barbara Research Center. Ed has been tional, in their scope. We are, in short, better aware of the grav­ employed with Santa Barbara Research Environmental threats do not respect po­ ity of the global danger, better equipped to Center since 1961 as an administrative engi­ litical lines of demarcation. Environmental address it. Now we must be prepared to mo­ neer and quickly progressed to the head of in­ solutions must generate political and techni­ bilize resources to combat deforestation on a dustrial and community relations becoming the cal responses as broad as the challenge. global scale. manager of human resources in 1972 and Our work should point the way for action Lastly, in the Mediterranean region, the by donor and recipient nations and non-gov­ Bank stands ready to assist in an intensified 1983 assumed the duties as director. ernmental organizations. The latter have a international effort to protect the heritage Ed has been involved in his community ac­ particularly important role to play, in that of beauty and natural resources that 18 na­ tivities in addition to his busy schedule at problems of deforestation and natural re­ tions and some 400 million people hold in SBRC. Ed made himself available to the com­ source degradation are development prob­ common. munity in both the northern and southern lems and can best be solved with the active The governments of the Mediterranean areas of Santa Barbara County and has gone participation of people at the grassroots states have long recognized the danger of level. Our common priority should be co­ pollution to public health and to fishing and out of his way to be of assistance to the many ordinated intervention against the spread of tourism industries. The World Bank, the organizations in which he has served. He es­ deserts and for the conservation of forest European Investment Bank and Regional pecially enjoys working with organizations resources. Development Fund, the United Nations En­ which train and provide services for handi­ We must be bold in both the scope of our vironment Program, with many other agen­ capped people. Ed currently serves or has enterprise and in testing untried ideas. cies, have been active in providing financial Unless we reach beyond today's limits and and technical help to alleviate this problem. served as an officer on the board of directors doubts, we cannot truly measure our capac­ Now we are exploring together the possi­ of the following organizations: Tri-Counties ity for progress. bility of designing a broad, international Better Business Bureau, WORK, Inc, Santa Tropical forests in Africa, Asia and Latin project to improve the Mediterranean envi­ Barbara Taxpayers' Association, Private Indus­ American also demand priority attention. ronment and strengthen it with a long-term try Council, Work Training Program, Santa Tropical deforestation is not only a major preservation plan. It is an ambitious politi­ Barbara Chamber of Commerce, Santa Bar­ environmental problem, it is a critical devel­ cal as well as technical undertaking, involv­ opment problem as well. Deforestation is ing many separate governments and techni­ bara City College, Santa Barbara United Way, leading to widespread degradation of the cal support agencies. Santa Barbara Personnel Association, Nation­ natural resources base, undermining the ca­ The World Bank is well placed to help co­ al Council on Alcoholism, as well as the Santa pacity of the environment of support devel· ordinate this effort. If, with our assistance, Barbara Personnel Association and Santa Bar­ oping country economies and populations. the peoples of the Mediterranean can make bara Industrial Association. Ed is or has been The World Bank is the world's largest progress in managing the great resource active in the Santa Maria Chamber of Com­ single source of financing for tropical forest they share, they will set an example for the conservation and development. Over the whole world of cooperation in protecting merce Santa Maria Valley Developers as well past decade World Bank investments and the global commons. as the Industrial Education Council and Em­ technical assistance grants in forestry have I have given you only an introduction to ployers' Advisory Group. Ed has served on exceeded one billion dollars. We are ready the World Bank's environmental action the committees for Government Review with to do more. agenda. Events, not speeches, will test its the Santa Barbara Chamber of Commerce The Bank intends to more than double its sweep and its impact. But I cannot end and the Governmental Affairs Committee with annual level of funding for environmentally these remarks without a note of combined sound forestry project from $138 million caution and exhortation. the Santa Maria Chamber of Commerce. Ed this year to $350 million in fiscal 1989. At While there is much we can do, no one has been active with various other nonprofit the July meeting in Bellagio, Italy spon­ knows better than I do the actual limits of boards and committees involved in providing sored jointly by your Institute, the Rocke· the Bank's influence on the policies and employment for minorities and handicapped feller Foundation, FAD UNDP and the practices of the developed and developing individuals and educational programs. Bank, we will propose specific strategies for nations. No one knows better than you do expanding priority work in forest manage­ the power of informed and aroused public Ed is married to Barbara Jean and they ment and reforestation. opinion to command and redirect the atten­ have two sons, Ed Jr. one of the managers of Our Tropical Foreastry Action Plan is a tion of decision makers. Betteravia Farms in Santa Maria and Jim, em­ direct outgrowth of the World Resources In­ The World Bank needs the help of envi­ ployed at Raytheon. stitute's excellent 1985 report, "Tropical ronmental activists in every nation, in those After retirement, Ed and Barbara Jean plan Forests: A Call for Action". That study where organized groups have already to travel around the country in their sparkling called for a doubling of forestry investments proven their effectiveness and in those over the next five years. It redefined the where consciousness is only now dawning. motor home and also travel to the few remain­ challenge of conservation by making it We need your advice, your expertise, your ing countries around the world that they have clear-in cost-benefit terms-how deforest­ influence and your imagination to make the not already visited. ation impoverishes both man and nature. It urgent work of environmental protection a Ed's preception and farsighted style of ad­ also recognized that simply providing more coordinated campaign for a safer, richer, ministration have served Santa Barbara Re­ funding for forestry is not enough; in­ healthier world. search Center well over the years and his creased investment in forestry must be ac­ As ours is a common cause-the battle companied by policy measures designed to against global poverty is also the fight for a knowledge and experience and especially his ensure sustainability. sustainable environment-let us be allies for affable, bouyant personality will be greatly We are improving our understanding of progress on every front. There is a long missed. He has made significant contributions the connection between the loss of tree campaign ahead. We cannot accept any­ to the success of SBRC and, in turn, its cus­ cover in upland watersheds and flood thing less than victory. Thank you. tomers. His career has been a model of serv­ damage downstream, between fuelwood scarcity and fertilizer shortages and be­ ice-to the company, the community, and the tween the annual destruction of 11 million EDWARD E. WARD RETIRES Nation. hectares of tropical rain forest and the loss FROM SANTA BARBARA RE­ I add that you please join me in wishing Ed of plant and animal species of great, poten­ SEARCH CENTER and his family a happy, healthy, and produc­ tial genetic benefit to mankind. tive retirement. We are becoming increasingly able to define investment programs to correct past HON. ROBERT J. LAGOMARSINO mistakes and prevent new ones. OF CALIFORNIA We can mobilize resources for agrofor­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES estry and sustainable farming systems based Monday, May 18, 1987 on it. We can help nations determine the Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Speaker, it is my wooded areas to protect and those to use pleasure to honor a fine and dedicated civic more intensively. leader from my district, Mr. Edward E. Ward. 12748 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 18, 1987 ENVIRONMENTAL REFORMS AT portunity without poisoning its air, contami­ SPRATT INTRODUCES TARIFF THE WORLD BANK nating its water and destroying its forests SUSPENSION BILL FOR TAB and wildlife. World-Herald staff writers Gabriella HON. DOUG BEREUTER Stern and Paul Goodsell, in the 1985 series HON. JOHN M. SPRATI, JR. OF NEBRASKA of articles, "Roots of Famine," wrote about IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES countries that are paying a horrible price OF SOUTH CAROLINA for neglecting the environment. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Monday, May 18, 1987 Deforestation in Haiti has caused one­ Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Speaker, in recent third of the country's farmland to become Monday, May 18, 1987 weeks the environmental policies of the World nearly useless. In Kenya and some other Af­ Mr. SPRATT. Mr. Speaker, today I am intro­ Bank have again received widespread public rican countries, cities teem with unem­ ducing a bill to extend the tariff suspension for ployed workers, farmland is barren and attention as a result of a report on CBS's "60 the chemical compound, tetra amino biphenyl Minutes" on April 19, 1987. This film, taped in hunger is widespread, all of which are due in part to neglect of the environment. or TAB. TAB is also sometimes referred to as 1985, documented environmental damage to As a lender of billions of dollars to help diamino benzidene. A similar measure propos­ tropical forest areas and encroachment on developing nations grow and modernize, the ing to extend the tariff suspension on TAB Indian rese1ves as a result of the Brazilian World Bank is in an exceptionally good posi­ has been introduced into the Senate by Sena­ Government's Polonoroeste Program in the tion to promote programs that allow a coun­ tor THURMOND. northwest region of Brazil. This program re­ try to progress economically without dam­ Although this bill should not be controver­ aging itself environmentally. ceived $435 million in loans from the World sial, its passage is critical in keeping open a Bank between 1981 and 1984 for the paving The bank plans to increase the number of environmental specialists at its Washington plant in my district and I urge speedy adoption of the major highway in the region and com­ of the measure. In 1984, when similar meas­ plementary programs in ecological and social headquarters and in regional offices around the world. It will make more loans for for­ ures were introduced by Senator THURMOND development. The road paving went forward estry projects, launch a campaign to dis­ and Representative VANDER JAGT proposing quickly, while implementation by the Govern­ courage the destruction of forests and ex­ to suspend the duty on importation of TAB, ment of measures protective of the environ­ plore ways to protect the Mediterranean the proposal was easily adopted by Congress ment, Indian populations, and the health of coastline. and became law as part of the Oml'\libus Tariff new migrants to the region lagged. As a result The World Bank has helped a number of of public outcry from environmental groups, countries build a stronger economy. By com­ and Trade Act. The duty suspension ends in disbursements on these World Bank loans bining this purpose with a raised environ­ 1988 and my bill would extend the duty sus­ were stopped in early 1985 pending a remedi­ mental consciousness, the bank is proceed­ pension for 4 additional years. TAB is a spe­ al action program to address these concerns. ing responsibly. cialty chemical used solely for the production Disbursements have now resumed in the con­ of a high performance fiber called PBI. PBI text of much tougher actions to mitigate defor­ NEUROFIBROMATOSIS has proven to be one of the most effective estation, inappropriate agricultural develop­ AWARENESS MONTH products on the market in protecting people ment, impact on Indian reserves, and inad­ against dangerous exposure to fire, heat, and equate health measures. toxic chemicals. Commercial applications for HON. EDWARD P. BOLAND PBI include protective gear for firefighters, This unfortunate example of several years OF MASSACHUSETTS ago has had the positive effect of raising the flight suits, and crash rescue gear. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES consciousness of environmental dimensions The only commercial factory in the world of development projects in both the multilater­ Monday, May 18, 1987 manufacturing PBI is located in Rock Hill, SC, al development institutions and in donor and Mr. BOLAND. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to in the heart of my district. This plant, which recipient governments. As a result, the World inform my colleagues that May is "Neurofibro­ uses TAB to produce PBI, depends on the Bank under its new president, our former col­ matosis Awareness Month" in Massachusetts. passage of this legislation in order to remain league, Barber Conable, has just announced a NF is an inherited disorder of the central open. The company which owns the Rock Hill major new set of environmental initiatives nervous system. It is one of the most common plant has been losing money on PBI ever within the World Bank. These include the cre­ genetic diseases, occurring in 1 out of every since it started production several years ago. ation of an enviromental department within the 3,000 births. Statistics show that approximate­ Nonetheless, the company hopes that with Bank, country assessments of environmental ly 100,000 Americans suffer from NF. This dis­ sufficient time and effort, production of PBI threats in 30 vulnerable countries, a special ease knows no boundaries, NF afflicts people will become profitable. If the tariff suspension initiative against desertification and deforest­ of all races, ages, and both sexes. Each child on TAB is not renewed, the added cost in­ ation in Africa, special programs in tropical of an affected parent has a 50-percent curred to manufacture PBI would make it com­ forestry, and exploration of an environmental chance of inheriting the gene and developing mercially impossible to continue production. protection program for the Mediterranean Sea NF. NF is unpredictable, it may cause blind­ This would force the closing of an important and its coasts. ness, deafness, retardation, and many other plant in my district resulting in the loss of 120 The Omaha World-Herald hailed this new severe problems. There is no medical method jobs and $30 million in revenue for the Rock initiative by the World Bank in an editorial on of preventing NF, no specific medical treat­ Hill, SC, area. May 8, 1987. In view of upcoming action in ment exists, and there is no cure. Manifesta­ There is no domestic source of TAB which the Banking Committee on the authorization tions of this disease usually appear in child­ means TAB must be imported from West Ger­ of the eighth replenishment of the Internation­ hood or adolescence, though they can also many. Since no American company manufac­ al Development Association, the soft-loan appear later in life. tures TAB, an extension of the duty suspen­ window of the World Bank which lends to the During the month of May, numerous activi­ sion will not cause injury to any American poorest countries, I would like to share the ties throughout Massachusetts have been businesses or workers. In fact, the extension Omaha World-Herald's view with my col­ scheduled to increase a public awareness of will prevent the loss of American jobs. leagues. this disease. It is hoped that through these In 1987, the American people and the Con­ CFrom the Omaha World-Herald, May 8, meaningful activities, and an expanded effort gress have made clear a determination to 1987] in education, people in Massachusetts will stop the export of American jobs and to re­ BRAVO TO THE WORLD BANK come to understand this dreaded disease and store American competitiveness. This meas­ The World Bank, in deciding to concen­ join in the fight to find a cure. ure represents an outstanding opportunity for trate more of its resources on preventi.Ilg en­ Mr. Speaker, I am confident that through re­ the Congress to take action which will save vironmental deterioration, has displayed a search and the diligent efforts of NF organiza­ American jobs which would otherwise be lost. welcome commitment to helping establish a more healthy balance between mankind and tions throughout the country, we will find a The bill also contributes to American competi­ the environment. way to defeat this disease. I am pleased to tiveness by enhancing a unique product, PBI, Barber Conable, the bank's president, said join in recognizing these efforts, and I hope which is made only in the United States. If PBI he wants to demonstrate that a country can that they will hasten the day when NF no proves commercially successful, it would have have jobs, decent housing and economic op- longer threatens the health of our citizen. broad appeal not only in domestic markets but May 18, 1987 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 12749 also abroad where it would earn foreign cur­ range of services provided by hospital person­ H.R. 4, THE HOUSING ACT OF rency to reduce our trade deficit. nel. As a member of the board of trustees for 1987 Given the importance of this bill in saving Dover General Hospital, Joe is in an excellent U.S. jobs and given the fact that it will not position to appreciate the integral role hospi­ HON. DOUG BEREUTER harm any domestic businesses or workers, I tals play in insuring the overall well being to OF NEBRASKA feel confident the measure will be adopted society. I commend these comments to the and I urge the support of my colleagues. attention of my colleages. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES [From the Daily Record, Northwest N.J. Monday, May 18, 1987 LUCKY STORES IS A DOER Sunday, May 10, 19871 Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Speaker, this week the NATIONAL HOSPITAL WEEK MARKS EFFORTS House Banking Committee will begin markup HON. ROBERT K. DORNAN TO SERVE COMMUNITY of H.R. 4, the Housing Act of 1987. OF CALIFORNIA publication. announced it would not accept any more aid MANAGUA, NICARAGUA-The Sanainista gov­ "No publication can come out without the through Prodemca in order not to compro­ ernment and the newspaper La Prensa, approval of the Media Office" in the Interi- mise its editorial line. -~· .... -~...,.,...,...... - ---- .... __ .. ___.._ --·

May 18, 1987 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 12755 In other restrictions on the press, the gov­ arrived in Miami last week. One of those ar­ recent work of the Subcommittee on Mer­ errunent has banned the monthly newslet­ rested was the leader of a top Colombian chant Marine and the full Committee on Mer­ ter of the Nicaraguan Democratic Conserva­ drug cartel. tive Party, a newspaper put out by the chant Marine and Fisheries to help the Ameri­ Roman Catholic Church, the independent Panama has also made noteworthy can Merchant Marine, both of which I serve newsletter Prisma, the leftist daily newspa­ progress in other aspects of the battle against on. per El Pueblo and the bulletins of two non­ drugs. Narcotics production in that country As my colleagues know, we were once a Sandinista union federations, the Confeder­ has been virtually eliminated through joint proud maritime nation. Today, there are fewer ation for Labor Unification and the Nicara­ U.S.-Panamanian marijuana eradication American-flag merchant ships than anytime guan Workers' Central. In January 1986 the projects and narcotics processing facilities. this century. Analysts concerned with our na­ goverrunent also shut down Radio Catolica, Also, drug abuse is not a major problem in the radio station of the Catholic Church. tional defense and our Nation's ability to par­ According to Chamorro, the aim of the Panama. ticipate fully in international trade worry about goverrunent now is to bankrupt La Prensa. The Government of Panama has never re­ the future of our domestic merchant fleet. She said that the Interior Ministry, in a fused a request from the U.S. Government to These concerns are very real and we need to letter dated March 26, ordered the paper to stop, search and seize a Panamanian-flag think about positive steps which can and pay the salaries of employes who were laid vessel suspected of narcotics trafficking. Pan­ should be taken to reverse the decline in our off after the goverrunent closed it last year. amanian officials have routinely granted re­ shipping industry. The task is not an easy one She said the paper originally had 220 em­ quests for informal expulsion of drug enforce­ and the solution is not simple. But, Mr. Speak­ ployes, who were paid for two months after ment agency fugitives. Interdiction efforts in the closure. La Prensa now keeps a staff of er, this week the Committee on Merchant 50 despite having no income for the last 10 that country have also been impressive. In Marine and Fisheries took a solid step toward months, Chamorro said. recent months, the Government of Panama focusing on positive and nonprotectionist solu­ has interdicted nearly 1,200 kg's of cocaine. tions to this problem. This quantity is more than was seized in all of First, the committee approved and sent to NEW PANAMA LAW HELPS IN 1986. While more work needs to be done in THE BATI'LE AGAINST DRUGS the House H.R. 953, a bill to authorize funds the area of narcotics trafficking through for the Maritime Administration and the Feder­ Panama, great progress has been made and al Maritime Commission. What is noticeable HON. WM. S. BROOMFIELD Panama deserves credit for their efforts. about this bill is that it continues all of the ex­ OF MICHIGAN Thanks to this recent progress, drug cartels isting programs at realistic and meaningful IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES operating in Latin America have lost many of levels of funding, but is $20 million below the Monday, May 18, 1987 their assets. They and traffickers everywhere amount appropriated in fiscal year 1987. I am now know that drug assets are insecure. pleased that based on questions I asked of Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Speaker, let me There will be no safe havens for drugs. I also take this occasion to commend the Govern­ Maritime Administrator Gaughan, the commit­ congratulate the administration for making the tee has placed a moratorium on offshore oil ment of Panama for its support and coopera­ war against drugs a top priority. tion with the United States in the battle and gas exploration service and production "Operation Pisces" was a success and vessels as well as inland tugs and barges against drugs. Thanks to Panama's help, the would not have been possible without Pana­ from the title XI loan program. This restores largest and most successful undercover inves­ ma's fine assistance. tigation in Federal drug law enforcement histo­ title XI to its original purpose of helping our ry was successfully carried out. oceangoing shipping. It is obvious that the war against narcotics SALUTE TO TOM HUGGINS The committee also reported out two other will only be won through international coop­ important bills, H.R. 300, 'The Maritime eration among countries. This recent oper­ HON. SHERWOOD L. BOEHLERT Agreements Act," and H.R. 1290, "The ation is a classic example of how working to­ OF NEW YORK Ocean Transportation Practices Act." Mr. gether against the drug traffickers produces IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Speaker, these are good bills and also de­ serve the support of our colleagues. impressive results. Monday, May 18, 1987 As my colleagues know, the Justice Depart­ H.R. 300 authorizes the President to enter ment recently announced indictments of 115 Mr. BOEHLERT. Mr. Speaker, I want to into a maritime agreement with another ocean people in "Operation Pisces", a massive un­ draw the attention of my colleagues to a resi­ trading country if such negotiations were mu­ dercover drug investigation in which U.S. drug dent of my district who is about to retire after tually sought or if another country does not agents posed as money launderers for South an especially successful and rewarding career give our merchant vessels access to bilateral American cocaine cartels. as an athlete, coach, and teacher. shipping. The target levels in this bill, one-third The Drug Enforcement Administration re­ I am talking about Eric H. Huggins of Utica of cargo each for the United States and our cently revealed that the 3-year investigation College of Syracuse University. Tom was a trading partner and one-third open to other resulted in the arrest of 351 other individuals pioneer of athletic programs at Utica College, nations is less protective of domestic mer­ and the seizure of 19,000 pounds of cocaine, where for 35 years he served as a coach and chant fleets than the standard set forth in the along with $49 million in cash and related teacher. United Nations Trade and Development Code assets. A fine sportsman in his own right, Tom car­ of Conduct for liner cargo. The Government of Panama, using a new ried over the principals of sportsmanship into H.R. 1290, Mr. Speaker, is the Merchant law intended to halt money laundering of drug his coaching and into his everyday life, and Marine Committee's contribution to addressing profits, recently froze 54 accounts in 18. Pana­ was a superb role model for the thousands of unfair foreign competition. This bill instructs manian banks where drug profits linked to young people who worked with him over the the Federal Maritime Commission to actually "Operation Pisces" have been deposited. In years. set our maritime programs and practices the past, money laundering had been a seri­ I speak for all those who know Tom in alongside those of any other nation. If they ous obstacle in working with Panamanian au­ thanking him for a job well done, and in wish­ have a significant surplus in maritime com­ thorities. Under that country's old law, "confi­ ing him all the best in the future. merce because they deny our shippers the dentiality" mechanisms and banking secrecy opportunity to compete, then the administra­ laws were obstacles in the battle against HELP FOR THE U.S. MERCHANT tion is instructed to seek a negotiated remedy. money launderers. In December of last year, MARINE We are admitting that there are a lot of similar the Government of Panama enacted a tough programs, like Construction Differential Subsi­ narcotics law which criminalizes money laun­ HON. JOHN MILLER dies and Operating Differential Subsidies. dering. Panamanian officials have sent a clear OF WASHINGTON There are also port operating procedures and message to the drug dealers. That country will IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES access to support services, which need to be no longer be a safe haven for drug and looked at. During full committee markup, money-laundering operations. Monday, May 18, 1987 Chairman JONES and I entered into a colloquy This successful operation also resulted in Mr. MILLER of Washington. Mr. Speaker, I about the definition of "unfair trade practices." the arrest of three cocaine kingpins after they want to call to the attention of the House the As one who supports freer and more open 12756 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 18, 1987 trade, my purpose was to seek assurance need to make their goods. In such instances CLARK SCHOOL RETIREES from the Chairman that the process of identi­ the companies commonly seek a temporary fying alleged unfair practices will not be mis­ duty suspension from Congress so that they HON. WILLIAM (BILL) CLAY used. Chairman JONES assured me that if a can keep costs down. Provided no domestic practice does not harm U.S. shipping, no foul interests are harmed, the duty suspension is OF MISSOURI can be declared. We are not simply identifying routinely passed. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES a collection of practices which differ from our Recently, however, American companies Monday, May 18, 1987 own and labeling them unfair. have not been able to get the prompt consid­ I might note that I managed this provision eration of these requests that their business Mr. CLAY. Mr. Speaker, I would like to take on the floor, when the trade bill was consid­ planning requires. Though the Ways and this opportunity to announce the retirement of three prominent educators from the St. Louis ered by the House. This section, like the Means Committee favorably reported over 70 public schools. On Saturday, May 23, 1987 export promotion language approved by the miscellaneous tariff provisions on 2 different the staff of Clark School will honor Mrs. Mary Foreign Affairs Committee, represents positive occasions in the 1OOth Congress, no tariff leg­ Louise Layne Harrison, Mrs. Elizabeth Alexan­ steps which will reduce our trade deficit and islation has been enacted since 1984. create more jobs. der Henderson, and Mrs. Edith Siford Penn for The vast majority of these tariff provisions their meritorious service to the St. Louis com­ The goal of these three bills is simple and were noncontroversial-an International Trade straight forward. The American merchant munity. Commission turned up no domestic producers I salute these outstanding teachers on this marine needs cargo to keep it operating. and no reasonable objections, and the bills These three bills, when seen as a whole, go a momentous occasion and I am happy to share were summarily approved in committee. long way toward insuring that our ships have the following biographical sketches of each of The proposed procedure would run parallel access to cargo based on fair and free com­ these very special St. Louisans. to that of Congress. A company could seek a petition. CLARK SCHOOL RETIREES duty suspension by Congress, or it could file a Mr. Speaker, if I may, I would like to turn to petition with the U.S. International Trade Com­ Mrs. Elizabeth Alexander Henderson was one key amendment to the Foreign Assist­ educated in the St. Louis Public Schools. ance Act which was adopted by the Foreign mission. The petitions would be listed in the She is a graduate of Vashon High School. Affairs Committee, on which I also serve. We Federal Register. If, after a set period of time, She obtained her Bachelor of Science and adopted a provision to reform the way the there were no reasonable objections and the Masters Degrees from St. Louis University. Department of Commerce review yielded no She did further post-graduate studies at cash transfer program works. Forest Park Community College, Washing­ Briefly, this amendment encourages the difficulties, the USTR could then recommend to the President that the goods receive a 3- ton University and the University of Cali­ President to provide foreign aid in the form of fornia, San Diego. commodity imports from the United States year duty suspension. Under such conditions She is the widow of the late Clydrill Hen­ rather than cash payments whenever possi­ a duty suspension could be granted in 3 to 6 derson and the mother of two sons, Eric R. ble. It would allow cash transfers to take months. and Hugo D. Henderson. place only after the President determines that Were the petition deemed ineligible for ad­ Mrs. Henderson dedicated her entire the need of the United States and the needs ministrative proclamation, the company would twenty-nine years of service to the students of the Nation we are trying to help would be have to try for the congressional route. Thus of Clark School. She spent her first twenty any issue where real disagreement were in­ years teaching in Grades One through better served through cash payments. Eight and her final nine years as a brilliant­ We would require that the Nation receiving volved would require congressional involve­ ly excellent Chapter I Mathematics Instruc­ the cash must enter into an agreement with ment. But in cases where there were no dis­ tor. Her success as an educator often the United States covering the purchase of sent, businesses would get timely action and brought commendation and awards of merit American goods, services or commodities. Congress could devote its attention to the from her peers. Currently, Israel is the only nation that has issues of debate. She is an active citizen in the St. Louis consented to such an agreement. Because At the same time, when Congress declares Community giving of her time, talents and financial resources to the following organi­ much of this aid will be in the form of com­ these duties suspensions unilaterally, the zations: Central Baptist Church, Wheatley modity transfers, these shipments will likely United States loses any negotiating leverage YMCA, The Association for Supervision and fall under Public Law 480 and be carried on the tariffs might have provided. Therefore, the Curriculum Development, The National U.S.-flag vessels. proposed administrative procedure is designed Council of Teachers of Math, The St. Louis Mr. Speaker, I sought and won a seat on to give the USTR more flexibility in obtaining Council on World Affairs, The Association the Merchant Marine Subcommittee so that I fair treatment for American goods abroad. of Research and Enlightenment, The Play­ could contribute to the development of sound The first time a particular noncontroversial mates Bridges Club, The National Sorority maritime policy. These three bills and the For­ of Phi Delta Kappa, The Association of Ex­ duty suspension was considered, the USTR ecutive Females, Grammateus and Basilius, eign Assistance Act amendment are fiscally would look only at the domestic merits of the and Chairpersons of Resolutions. responsible and do not rely on protectionism. case. But the second time that this duty sus­ She has been honored with several pres­ Rather, they look at the American merchant pension was brought up, the USTR would tigious awards as follows: marine and identify prompt and meaningful have to consider whether the foreign country The Essence Award-Alpha Zetas Pelatic, action which will help that vital industry and benefiting from the suspension had granted 1981. our Nation. any reciprocal concessions to any American The Rhodia Miller Memorial Award-Mat­ Thank you. thew Dickey Boys Club, 1983. interests. The Apple for the Teacher Award-Iota This bill, then, would provide several impor­ Phi Lambda Sorority, Inc., 1985. H.R. 2430, U.S. DUTY tant benefits for American business, and for Through her affiliation with the St. Louis SUSPENSIONS Congress. By scheduling the duty suspension Council on World Affairs, Mrs. Henderson process, companies would no longer be at the has entertained foreign students, since 1967, HON. WILLIS D. GRADISON, JR. mercy of larger political concerns, and would from nations on every continent with the thus benefit form the more timely, less expen­ exception of Australia. She has been an Am­ OF OHIO bassador of Goodwill because of her love of sive process. The USTR would have more le­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES God, love of knowledge and love of her verage to open markets to U.S. goods as well. fellow human beings. Monday, May 18, 1987 And Congress would have its time freed to Mrs. Henderson retired in August, 1986 Mr. GRADISON. Mr. Speaker, on Thursday, devote attention to the issues that deserve it. prior to the beginning of the 1986-87 school Mr. ANDREWS and I, with other colleagues An identical measure passed in the Senate year. She continues to serve her fellow from the Ways and Means Committee, intro­ on May 11, and is supported by the adminis­ human beings having embarked upon a new career as entrepreneur of the Jet Set Res­ duced a bill to create a administrative proce­ tration. We hope that Congress will recognize taurant located at 3006 North Union Boule­ dure for U.S. duty suspensions. that competing industries are helped by effi­ vard, St. Louis, Missouri. On occasion companies find that there is no cient government, and will enact this legisla­ Mrs. Edith Siford Penn was born, reared domestic production of a part or input they tion. and educated in Tennessee. May 18, 1987 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 12757 Mrs. Penn received her nursing degree PERSONAL EXPLANATION would provide the data necessary to allow the from Homer G. Phillips Hospital and spent Army to make a rational decision as to wheth­ eight years as a staff nurse dispensing spe­ er we can purchase an effective antitank cial loving care to her patients. HON. BENJAMIN A. GILMAN OF NEW YORK weapon and which one weapon would be She received her Bachelor of Arts Degree most suited to our needs. The amendment and Missouri Life Teaching Certificate from IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES would also require the weapons to be com­ Webster College. She pursued post-graduate Monday, May 18, 1987 studies at St. Louis University. pared for lethality under supervision of the She is the widow of the late Charles Penn, Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, I was unavoid­ joint live fire test program. The report of the mother of Charles Penn, Jr. and grand­ ably detained in the congressional district ear­ Secretaries of Defense and Army would ad­ mother of Kimba S. Penn. lier this afternoon, and was not able to cast dress the adequacy of the tests, the firing re­ Mrs. Penn has dedicated thirty-three my vote on rollcall 122, on approval of the sults, and a recommended best weapon. years of service as a nurse to the children of journal. Had I been present, I would have Let me briefly tell you a story. Thirty-five the St. Louis Public School System. She is a voted "aye." years ago, Lt. Ollie Connor, a veteran infantry­ gracious, soft-spoken, loving woman whose man in Korea, faced a herd of Soviet T34 calm demeanor exudes the trust and love of tanks operated by North Koreans on a hill her young patients. In addition she has ANTITANK WEAPONS near Osan. Bravely, Lieutenant Connor worked diligently to provide her special, grabbed a bazooka, dove into a ditch and loving care to patients at Project Head HON.THOMASJ.RIDGE began firing his 2.36 inch rocket launcher at Start, The American Red Cross, and the St. OF PENNSYLVANIA the nearest tank. Positioned just 15 yards Louis County Corrections Center. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES away, he landed 22 direct hits but managed to Mrs. Penn serves the St. Louis Communi­ ty through her participation in the follow­ Monday, May 18, 1987 do little more than scratch the paint on the thick armor. After dozens of American lives ing organizations: Youth Leadership Con­ Mr. RIDGE. Mr. Speaker, the antiarmor ference, Drug Abuse Workshop, Missouri were lost, Connor and his 34th Infantry strug­ weapons testing amendment accepted today gled back to their base knowing "what was State Teacher's Association-Department of in the DOD authorization calls on the Depart­ School Nurses, St. Louis Metropolitan going to happen when the tanks got to them." Sickle Cell Anemia Association and the ment of Defense to test operationally the The regiment pulled out in a panic before it Annie Malone Children's Home. available arsenal of infantry, squad size, anti­ fought. Mr. Chairman, sadly, today's infantry­ Mrs. Penn has been specially recognized tank weapons. The Department of Defense is man would suffer the same fate. This amend­ with Certificates of Appreciation by the fol­ presently engaged in an antiarmor program ment says that the American people will do lowing community groups: City of St. Louis estimated to last at least 7 years. In the inter­ everything possible to support our men in the Health Department, 1970, for her participa­ im, our soliders must be equipped with the field. As a veteran combat staff sargeant tion in their "Rub Out Rubella" campaign. best antitank weapons available in the interna­ myself, and as cochairman of the military By the National Polio Foundation for her tional arsenal. reform caucus, I ask for the opportunity to participation in its "Mass Polio Immuniza­ Until very recently, the squad level infantry­ offer this amendment on behalf of our fighting tion Program. man had only the LAW shoulder-fired rocket men. During her distinguished forty-one year as his last ditch defense against enemy tanks. career in nursing her words and actions The LAW failed miserably in Vietnam: it have exemplified the phrase, "Love is the proved unable even to stop light armored ve­ ZENITH BREAKS THROUGH Best Medicine." hicles and often unsafe to fire. Years after WITH REVOLUTIONARY TUBE Mrs. Mary Louise Layne Harrison grad­ uated from Carver Elementary School, these problems were recognized, the Army, Vashon High School, where she was a Na­ under congressional pressure ran a new test HON. DAN ROSTENKOWSKI tional Honor Society Member, and Stowe to select another light antitank weapon. This OF ILLINOIS Teacher's College. She obtained thirty-eight test was inadequate and irrelevant. It was IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES hours of post-graduate studies. never determined whether an average soldier She is the widow of the late Elmer A. Har­ could hit a tank with any of the two candidate Monday, May 18, 1987 rison. She has one stepdaughter and two weapons. The weapons involved were never Mr. ROSTENKOWSKI. Mr. Speaker, last stepgrandchildren. tested to determine whether they could actu­ session I had the pleasure of informing my Mrs. Harrison's father, the late Bishop ally stop a tank. The tests excluded several colleagues of a breakthrough agreement be­ Austin A. Layne, was the founder of The weapons used an highly regarded by other tween Zenith Electronics Corp. of Illinois and Temple Church of Christ. Mrs. Harrison is countries. Despite these gapping deficiencies the city of Shanghai to export American televi­ an active participant in her father's church in the test, the Army selected the Swedish sion products to the Chinese. In keeping with serving as a pianist, choral director and AT -4 as the new light antitank defense for the this innovative spirit, Zenith has once again Sunday School Superintendent. infantryman. accomplished a notable breakthrough. Last Currently, she serves as a third grade teacher at Clark School. She has given forty What does this mean for the soldier we ask week, Zenith Electronics Corp. unveiled a rev­ years of dedicated service to the children of to confront Soviet armor? It means he is as olutionary flat color computer monitor manu­ St. Louis as an Excellent Educator. Her devastatingly unequipped to protect himself factured with newly patented components. class is always at or near the pinnacle of against enemy tanks as he was in 1944 in the Today's television screens and computer achievement's heights. Ardnees, in 1950 in Korea, and in 1967 in monitors are slightly curved, which often Life is God's Gift to us. Mrs. Harrison has Vietnam. The Army has never selected an causes glare. Zenith's "flat tension mask" es­ richly shared God's Gifts to her with the antitank weapon by simply firing it to see tablishes a new standard of excellence for hundreds of children she has so diligently whether it can: First hit a tank under battle­ color video displays. It has a flat screen and served along with her involvement in the St. field conditions; and second, stop the tank it nonglare surface with an unmatched degree Louis Community having generously given hits. Over the last 45 years, the Army has of detail in its picture. The flat tension mask of her time, talents and resources to the fol­ proven unable to conduct such a test under tube was developed for computer displays. lowing organizations: The Temple Church realistic, combat conditions. Nothing short of But there are plans to adapt this technology of Christ, Human Development Corpora­ this amendment will provide the Congress and to color televisions for sale both here in the tion, St. Louis Christmas Caroling Associa­ DOD with the technical information necessary United States and abroad. tion, Annie Malone Children's Home, United Negro College Fund, The United to procure the best, light antitank weapon I am particularly pleased about this an­ Way, and the Greater St. Louis Arts and available for our infantryman. nouncement because the plant where the pat­ Education Council. Experts have pointed to several shoulder­ ented tubes for these screens are manufac­ Mrs. Harrison is a gracious, charming, fired antitank weapons as a temporary but tured is located in the Eighth Congressional caring lady whose love of learning and chil­ satisfactory solution. By requiring comparative District of Illinois, which I represent. In Octo­ dren budded with a dream of teaching and operational tests of these weapons against re­ ber of last year, I had the opportunity to visit blossomed into forty years of Excellence as alistic tank targets, on realistic terrain and at a the plant and see first hand this new technol­ an educator. realistic weight for a squad, this amendment ogy before its development into a final prod- 12758 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 18, 1987 uct for sale. Its success is now responsible for The surrogate motherhood issue is a nation­ MEETINGS SCHEDULED the creation of 600 new jobs in the Chicago al problem demanding nationwide solutions. area with the promise of many more to come. Even before Baby M, the attention of many, MAY20 During our recent debate and consideration many Americans was beginning to concen­ 9:00 a.m. of trade reform legislation, much ado was trate on the surrogate motherhood issue as Appropriations made about the diminishing ability of U.S. perhaps the No. 1 biomedical problem in our Commerce, Justice, State, the Judiciary, companies to transfer technology into com­ country, with little legislative or judicial guid­ and Related Agencies Subcommittee mercial products. Today we can proudly re­ ance for those caught up in it. To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ flect on this achievement by a domestic man­ timates for fiscal year 1988 for the Ju­ Federal legislation is necessary. If the dicial Conference, Commission on the ufacturer and see the potential for even fur­ courts and the legislatures of the 50 separate, ther advancement of U.S. competitiveness Bicentennial of the Constitution, U.S. sovereign States attempting to sift through the with assistance from the Government. Sentencing Commission, and the State Zenith, the State of Illinois, the city of Chi­ medical, legal, constitutional, ethical, and Justice Institute. moral problems of surrogate parenting, it will S-146, Capitol cago, Cook County, and the International Labor and Human Resources Brotherhood of Electrical Workers, Local be decades before any national policy emerges. In the meantime, the toll of suffering Business meeting, to resume consider­ 1031, collaborated on this project, making this ation of S. 557, Civil Rights Restora­ technological innovation a mutual endeavor on those involved in the cases will be stagger­ tion Act. for economic development. The resolve and ing. SD-430 determination exemplified by Zenith, through Baby M and other children of surrogate ar­ 9:30 a.m. its commitment of over $45 million to research rangements are mere chattels-handled, Commerce, Science, and Transportation and development, anchored the contribution transferred, and contracted for, like so many Merchant Marine Subcommittee of more than $725,000 in job training assist­ thousand dollars of packaged goods. It may To hold hearings on Title II, relating to ance funds by local government and an ame­ be very close to the mark to say that the Baby liner operating differential subsidy reform, of S. 1183, Foreign Shipping nable negotiation of labor contracts. M case is the first time since the passage of This is a superb example of what can be Practices Act. the 13a amendment that a court has ordered SR-253 achieved when business, Government, and the consummation of a contract for the sale of Energy and Natural Resources labor come together with a common goal. It is a human being. Obviously, from the court's Business meeting, to resume consider­ increasingly clear that neither Government, in­ opinion, the subject of such a conveyance for ation of S. 748, Price-Anderson Act dustry, nor labor can individually solve the a monetary consideration has no constitution­ Amendments Act, and other pending problems associated with America's huge al rights and properly may be compared with calendar business. trade deficit. Rather, it is only through coop­ SD-366 eration that we can best hope to succeed. the involuntary servitude of Dred Scott, who 10:00 a.m. likewise was afforded no constitutional rights Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry in the famous Dred Scott decision which led To resume oversight hearings on the im­ STOP SELLING BABIES AS to the Civil War. plementation of the Federal Insecti­ COMMODITIES The surrogate industry is unregulated, and cide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act, in that respect, it is similar to the black market focusing on pesticide residues in do­ HON. THOMAS A. LUKEN mestic and imported food. segment of adoption in this country we know SR-332 OF OHIO too well. For example, women can be lured Appropriations IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES into agreements which are exploitive of both HUD-Independent Agencies Subcommit­ Monday, May 18, 1987 mother and child and contrary to public policy. tee Mr. THOMAS A. LUKEN. Mr. Speaker, I To hold hearings on the proposed space SENATE COMMITTEE MEETINGS station. have introduced H.R. 2433, which would pro­ SD-138 hibit the solicitation of women so-called surro­ Title IV of Senate Resolution 4, Appropriations gate mothers and the commercialization of agreed to by the Senate on February Military Construction Subcommittee surrogacy arrangements by persons or agen­ 4, 1977, calls for establishment of a To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ cies. Likewise, my legislation would prohibit system for a computerized schedule of timates for fiscal year 1988 for Army the advertisement for surrogacy services in all meetings and hearings of Senate military construction programs. connection with providing babies. committees, subcommittees, joint com­ SD-192 Unlike adoption, surrogate parenting is com­ mittees, and committees of conference. Finance pletely unregulated today. · The 50 States To hold hearings on the nomination of This title requires all such committees M. Peter McPherson, of Virginia, to be closely monitor adoption, prohibiting fees for to notify the Office of the Senate the mother and in general preventing commer­ Deputy Secretary of the Treasury. cialization of parenting relationships. My bill Daily Digest-designated by the Rules SD-215 Committee-of the time, place, and Foreign Relations gives to every mother and every child caught Business meeting, to consider proposed up in a surrogacy scheme similar rights to the purpose of the meetings, when sched­ uled, and any cancellations or changes legislation relating to trade issues on traditional ones mothers and children have in those programs which fall within the adoptions. The mother effectively would have in the meetings as they occur. committee's jurisdiction. the right to revoke any prior agreement after As an additional procedure along SD-419 the child is born. The involuntary servitude with the computerization of this infor­ Judiciary which is part of the contract for the delivery of mation, the Office of the Senate Daily To hold hearings on the nominations of the child would be illegal. Digest will prepare this information Richard B. Abell, of Virginia, to be an Under any and all circumstances, the for printing in the Extensions of Re­ Assistant Attorney General, and Verne mother of a child must be given the opportuni­ marks section of the CONGRESSIONAL L. Speirs, of Virginia, to be Adminis­ ty, after the birth of that child, to rescind any RECORD on Monday and Wednesday of trator of the Office of Juvenile Justice prior agreement to give up that child. It was and Delinquency Prevention, both of each week. the Department of Justice. the Baby M case which brought surrogate Any changes in committee schedul­ SD-226 pregnancy arrangements to public attention in ing will be indicated by placement of Select on Secret Military Assistance to a compelling irony. an asterisk to the left of the name of Iran and the Nicaraguan Opposition It's sad and frightening to see a court in the the unit conducting such meetings. To continue joint hearings with the business of upholding a contract for the sale Meetings scheduled for Tuesday, House Select Committee to Investigate of a person, a baby. Furthermore, it is fright­ Covert Arms Transactions with Iran ening that motherhood is up for sale. I think May 19, 1987, may be found in the Daily Digest of today's RECORD. on matters relating to the Iran/Contra the whole thing must be taken out of the affair. realm of cold impersonal contract law. SR-325 "-- - . ,..... -.;~ ..-i·•.a..----·--:'--"-· ...... __~,,._~-··=Jll:;-•• - ...... _.... _ ·- ...... _.. , •...._.._ .- -·. _._,,. -··- ·~·-- • ------~ - --

May 18, 1987 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 12759 2:00 p.m. Covert Arms Transactions with Iran MAY28 Energy and Natural Resources on matters relating to the Iran/Contra 9:30 a.m. To hold oversight hearings to review affair. Commerce, Science, and Transportation energy security issues. SR-325 Science, Technology, and Space Subcom­ SD-366 11:00 a.m. mittee Select on Secret Military Assistance to Foreign Relations To hold hearings on activities of the Na­ Iran and the Nicaraguan Opposition East Asian and Pacific Affairs Subcommit­ tional Science Foundation and its role To continue joint hearings with the tee in U.S. industrial competitiveness. House Select Committee to Investigate To hold hearings on the nominations of SR-253 Covert Arms Transactions with Iran Nicholas Platt, of the District of Co­ Judiciary on matters relating to the Iran/Contra lumbia, to be Ambassador to the Re­ To hold hearings on the nomination of affair. public of the Philippines, Thomas C. Charles F. Rule, of the District of Co­ SR-325 Ferguson, of , to be Ambassa­ lumbia, to be an Assistant Attorney 2:30 p.m. Conferees dor to Brunei Darusslaam, Samuel B. General, Department of Justice. On H.R. 558, to provide urgently needed Thomsen, of California, to be the U.S. SD-226 assistance to protect and improve the Representative to the Republic of the 10:00 a.m. lives and safety of the homeless, with Marshall Islands, and Victor H. Frank, Select on Secret Military Assistance to special emphasis on elderly persons, Jr.. of New Jersey, to be U.S. Director Iran and the Nicaraguan Opposition handicapped persons, and families of the Asian Development Bank.' To continue joint hearings with the with children. SD-419 House Select Committee to Investigate S-126, Capitol 1:15 p.m. Covert Arms Transactions with Iran Energy and Natural Resources on matters relating to the Iran/Contra MAY21 Public Lands, National Parks and Forests affair. 8:45 a.m. Subcommittee 2172 Rayburn Building Veterans' Affairs To hold hearings on H.R. 799, to desig­ 2:00 p.m. To hold hearings on S. 6, Veterans' nate a segment of the Kings River, Select on Secret Military Assistance to Health Care Improvement Act, S. 216, California, as a wild and scenic river, Iran and the Nicaraguan Opposition to increase the per diem rates paid to and H.R. 626, to convey certain Feder­ To continue joint hearings with the States for providing care to veterans in al public lands in Cherokee, DeKalb House Select Committee to Investigate State homes, S. 631, to improve the and Etowah Counties, Alabama, to any Covert Arms Transactions with Iran procedures for the procurement of trustee who will convey such lands to on matters relating to the Iran/Contra medical and pharmaceutical supplies the current owners of record. affair. by the VA, S. 713, to facilitate the re­ 2172 Rayburn Building cruitment of registered nurses by the SD-366 VA, S. 1195, Veterans' Administration 2:00 p.m. MAY29 Commerce, Science, and Transportation Health-Care Personnel Act of 1987, 10:00 a.m. and other related proposals, and pro­ Merchant Marine Subcommittee To hold hearings on Title I, relating to Select on Secret Military Assistance to posed legislation approving VA con­ Iran and the Nicaraguan Opposition struction of major medical facilities. maritime and related international liner shipping laws and practices, of S. To continue joint hearings with the SR-418 House Select Committee to Investigate 9:00 a.m. 1183, Foreign Shipping Practices Act. Labor and Human Resources SR-253 Covert Arms Transactions with Iran Business meeting, to continue consider­ Labor and Human Resources on matters relating to the Iran/Contra ation of S. 557, Civil Rights Restora­ affair. Children, Family, Drugs, and Alcoholism 2172 Rayburn Building tion Act, and S. 406, Education for Subcommittee Competitive America Act. 2:00 p.m. To hold hearings on proposed legislation Select on Secret Military Assistance to SD-430 authorizing funds for the Family Vio­ 10:00 a.m. Iran and the Nicaraguan Opposition lence Prevention and Services Act, and To continue joint hearings with the Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry to review adoption opportunities. Agricultural Production and Stabilization House Select Committee to Investigate of Prices Subcommittee SD-430 Covert Arms Transactions with Iran To hold hearings on status of the farm Select on Secret Military Assistance to on matters relating to the Iran/Contra program. Iran and the Nicaraguan Opposition affair. SR-332 To continue joint hearings with the 2172 Rayburn Building Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs House Select Committee to Investigate To hold hearings to review the financial Covert Arms Transactions with Iran JUNE2 condition of federally insured deposi­ on matters relating to the Iran/Contra 9:30 a.m. tory institutions. affair. Energy and Natural Resources SD-538 SR-325 To hold hearings on oil and gas leasing Foreign Relations in the coastal plain of the Arctic Na­ To hold hearings on the nominations of MAY27 tional Wildlife Refuge in Alaska. Robert H. Pelletreau, Jr., of Connecti­ cut, to be Ambassador to the Republic 10:00 a.m. SD-366 of Tunisia, Sol Polansky, of Maryland, Select on Secret Military Assistance to Environment and Public Works to be Ambassador to the People's Re­ Iran and the Nicaraguan Opposition Nuclear Regulation Subcommittee public of Bulgaria, and John Shad, of To resume joint hearings with the To hold oversight hearings on the De­ the District of Columbia, to be Ambas­ House Select Committee to Investigate partment of Energy's high level waste sador to the Kingdom of the Nether­ Covert Arms Transactions with Iran program, including a proposal for the lands. on matters relating to the Iran/Contra authorization of a monitored retrieva­ SD-419 affair. ble storage facility. Rules and Administration 2172 Rayburn Building SD-406 To meet, to consider a request from the 2:00 p.m. Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, Select on Secret Military Assistance to JUNE4 and Forestry for supplemental funds Iran and the Nicaraguan Opposition 9:00 a.m. for the fiscal year ending September To continue joint hearings with the Office of Technology Assessment 30, 1987, and to receive testimony on House Select Committee to Investigate The Board, to meet to consider pending the alternatives to the proposal to re­ Covert Arms Transactions with Iran business. place the Senate subway system. on matters relating to the Iran/Contra EF-10(;, Capitol SR-301 affair. 9:30 a.m. Select on Secret Military Assistance to 2172 Rayburn Building Commerce, Science, and Transportation Iran and the Nicaraguan Opposition Business meeting, to consider pending c::il­ To continue joint hearings with the endar business. House Select Committee to Investigate S:R -253 12760 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 18, 1987 Energy and Natural Resources JUNE 11 program, including a proposal for the To resume hearings on oil and gas leas­ 9:30 a.m. authorization of a monitored retrieva­ ing in the coastal plain of the Arctic Energy and Natural Resources ble storage facility. National Wildlife Refuge in Alaska. To resume hearings on oil and gas leas­ SD-406 SD-366 ing in the coastal plain of the Arctic 2:00 p.m. National Wildlife Refuge in Alaska. JUNE30 Judiciary SD-366 Business meeting, to consider pending 9:30 a.m. 10:00 a.m. Veterans Affairs calendar business. Environment and Public Works SD-226 Business meeting, to consider S. 6, Vet­ Environmental Protection Subcommittee erans Health Care Improvement Act, To continue hearings on clean air pro­ JUNE5 S. 9, Service-Disabled Veterans' Bene­ posals. fits Improvement Act, proposals pro­ 9:30 a.m. SD-406 Energy and Natural Resources viding VA compensation, pension, edu­ Water and Power Subcommittee JUNE 12 cation assistance, home loan, and To hold hearings on current water-relat­ other related benefits, and proposed ed programs of the U.S. Geological 9:30 a.m. legislation providing for disability pay­ Survey, focusing on quantification and Energy and Natural Resources ments based on nuclear-detonation ra­ analysis of groundwater resources. To continue hearings on oil and gas leas­ diation exposure. SD-366 ing in the coastal plain of the Arctic SR-418 National Wildlife Refuge in Alaska. JUNES SD-366 10:00 a.m. CANCELLATIONS Environment and Public Works JUNE 17 Environmental Protection Subcommittee 10:00 a.m. MAY20 To hold hearings on pending clean air Veterans Affairs 9:30 a.m. proposals. To hold oversight hearings on the imple­ Governmental Affairs SD-406 mentation of the Veterans Administra­ tion loan guaranty program, and on Business meeting, to continue markup proposed legislation relating to the VA of trade legislation. JUNE 10 SD-342 9:30 a.m. loan guaranty program. SD-418 Veterans Affairs JUNE 23 To hold hearings on S. 9, Service-Dis­ abled Veterans' Benefits Improvement JUNE 18 10:00 a.m. Act, S. 453, Veterans' Ionizing Radi­ 9:30 a.m. Appropriations ation Compensation Improvements Energy and Natural Resources Foreign Operations Subcommittee Act, S. 1002, Veterans' Radiation Ex­ Water and Power Subcommittee To hold hearings to review proposed posure Disability and Death Benefits To resume hearings on current water-re­ budget estimates for fiscal year 1988 Act, and other related measures. lated programs of the U.S. Geological for the Department of State. SR-418 Survey, focusing on quantification and SD-192 10:00 a.m. analysis of groundwater resources. Environment and Public Works SD-366 Environmental Protection Subcommittee Environment and Public Works To resume hearings on pending clean air Nuclear Regulation Subcommittee proposals. To resume oversight hearings on the De­ SD-406 partment of Energy's high level waste