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Pinus Strobiformis Engelmann: NUEVA LOCALIDAD PARA GUANAJUATO, MÉXICO

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Pinus Strobiformis Engelmann: NUEVA LOCALIDAD PARA GUANAJUATO, MÉXICO Pinus strobiformis Engelmann: NUEVA LOCALIDAD PARA GUANAJUATO, MÉXICO Pinus strobiformis Engelmann: A NEW LOCATION IN GUANAJUATO, MEXICO Mario A. Villagómez-Loza1*, Miguel Á. Bello-González2, Eloy Isarain-Chávez1 1Consultor e Investigador. CTO Laguna Zacoalco No. 134, Fraccionamiento Brisas del Lago. 37207. León, Guanajuato. México. ([email protected]). 2Facultad de Agrobiología Pre- sidente Juárez, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo. Uruapan, Michoacán, México. RESUMEN ABSTRACT Como resultado de una serie de exploraciones realizadas en As a result of a series of explorations in the municipality el municipio de San José Iturbide, Guanajuato, se localizó of San José Iturbide, Guanajuato, a population of Pinus una población de Pinus strobiformis Engelmann que fue strobiformis Engelmann was located which was identified identificada a través de claves, descripción y cotejado con through keys, description and checked against herbarium material de herbario. Actualmente la especie se reporta en material. At present, the species is reported in the Mexican la Norma Oficial Mexicana NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010 Official Standard NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010 (Official (Diario Oficial, 2010), dentro de la Categoría de Riesgo Pr Journal, 2010), within the Category of Risk Pr referring que refiere a las especies que podrían llegar a encontrarse to species that could potentially be threatened by factors amenazadas por factores que inciden negativamente en su that adversely affect their viability. Thus, to incorporate viabilidad. Así, para incorporar a P. strobiformis al acervo P. strobiformis into the repository of biodiversity of de la biodiversidad del estado de Guanajuato se respalda su Guanajuato state identification and location is supported, identificación y ubicación, el cual al actualizarse evidencia which when updated evidence the southernmost la distribución más austral de los registros antes conocidos. distribution of the previously known records. The presence La presencia de la especie en el estado de Guanajuato se con- of the species in the state of Guanajuato is confirmed, in firma en adición a los registros existentes en los estados de addition to the existing records in the states of Chihuahua, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Jalisco, Nuevo León, San Coahuila, Durango, Jalisco, Nuevo León, San Luis Potosí, Luis Potosí, Sinaloa, Sonora y Zacatecas. Además, se modi- Sinaloa, Sonora and Zacatecas. Besides, the number of pine fica el número de especies de pino registradas para el estado species recorded for the state of Guanajuato from 10 to 11 de Guanajuato de 10 a 11. El origen de la especie se relaciona is amended. The origin of the species is related to the likely con los probables centros de diversidad y evolución de los centers of diversity and evolution of pines recognized in the pinos reconocidos en el país y su análisis conduce a que los country and its analysis leads to believe that ancestors of antecesores de la especie provienen de las Montañas Rocosas the species are from the Rocky Mountains until their arrival hasta su arribo al centro de diversidad de las Regiones II y at the center of diversity in Regions II and III and from III y de éste al sitio de recolección. La nueva localidad se there to the collecting site. The new locality is located at encuentra en las coordenadas 20° 56’ N y 100° 17’ O. coordinates 20° 56’ N and 100° 17’ W. Palabras clave: Pinus strobiformis, pino blanco mexicano, nuevo Key words: Pinus strobiformis, Mexican white pine, new record registro de localidad, San José Iturbide Guanajuato. of location, San José Iturbide Guanajuato. INTRODUCTION *Autor responsable v Author for correspondence. he state of Guanajuato has a record of 2786 Recibido: enero, 2014. Aprobado: agosto, 2014. vascular plant species, 901 genera and 178 Publicado como ARTÍCULO en Agrociencia 48: 615-625. 2014. Tfamilies; these figures are not definitive 615 AGROCIENCIA, 16 de agosto - 30 de septiembre, 2014 INTRODUCCIÓN given the unfinished study of Flora del Bajío and Adjacent Regions, by which the number of species in n el estado de Guanajuato hay un registro de Guanajuato could be calculated to be close to 3000 2786 especies de plantas vasculares, 901 géne- (Zamudio, 2012b). If this information is confirmed, ros y 178 familias; estas cifras no son defini- the floristic wealth of the state could be considered tivasE dado lo inconcluso del estudio de la Flora del moderately high, considering that it would be similar Bajío y de Regiones Adyacentes, por lo cual se calcu- to that of Coahuila with 3039 species and Nuevo la que el número de especies en Guanajuato podría Leon with 3175 species. estar cercano a las 3000 (Zamudio, 2012a). Si este Of the 2786 species of vascular plants reported dato se corrobora, la riqueza florística del estado po- in the state of Guanajuato, Gymnosperms have dría considerarse moderadamente alta, tomando en four families, six genera and 18 species (Zamudio, cuenta que sería semejante a la de Coahuila con 3039 2012a), of which the Pinaceae family consists of 10 especies y a la de Nuevo León con 3175 especies. species of Pinus: Pinus ayacahuite Ehrenb. ex Schltdl, De las 2786 especies de plantas vasculares repor- P. cembroides Zucc, P. devonian Lindl, P. durangensis tadas en el estado de Guanajuato, las Gimnosper- Martínez, P. leiophylla Schltdl. & Cham, P. lumholtzii mas cuentan con cuatro familias, seis géneros y 18 L. B.Rob. et Fernald, P. montezumae Lamb, P. oocarpa especies (Zamudio, 2012b), de las cuales la familia Schiede ex Schltdl, P. pseudostrobus Lindl and P. Pinaceae está constituida por 10 especies de Pinus: teocote Schltdl. et Cham. Pinus ayacahuite Ehrenb. ex Schltdl, P. cembroides Musálem and Ramírez (2003), in their Zucc, P. devoniana Lindl, P. durangensis Martínez, P. monographic study of Pinus ayacahuite var. veitchii leiophylla Schltdl. & Cham, P. lumholtzii B. L. Rob. Shaw, mentioned the evolution of the genus Pinus et Fernald, P. montezumae Lamb, P. oocarpa Schiede and point out that the name should be that of Pinus ex Schltdl, P. pseudostrobus Lindl y P. teocote Schltdl. strobiformis rather than P. ayacahuite var. brachyptera et Cham. Shaw. The Integrated Taxonomic Information Musálem y Ramírez (2003), en su estudio mono- System (ITIS) of CONABIO (2012) confirms this gráfico de Pinus ayacahuite var. veitchii Shaw, men- by mentioning the taxonomic status of P. strobiformis cionan la evolución del género Pinus y señalan que and points out as synonymy the following names: la denominación debiera ser la de Pinus strobiformis P. reflexa (Engelm.) Engelm, P. ayacahuite var. sobre P. ayacahuite var. brachyptera Shaw. El Sistema strobiformis (Engelm.) Lemmon, P. ayacahuite var. Integrado de Información Taxonómica (SIIT) de la reflexa (Engelm.) Voss, P. ayacahuite var. brachyptera CONABIO (2012) confirma lo anterior al mencio- Shaw, P. flexilis var. reflexa Engelm. and P. ayacahuite nar el estatus taxonómico de P. strobiformis y señala C. Ehrenb. como sinonimias los siguientes nombres: P. reflexa According to ITIS, the taxonomic classification (Engelm.) Engelm, P. ayacahuite var. strobiformis that must have this species is: Kingdom Plantae, (Engelm.) Lemmon, P. ayacahuite var. reflexa (En- Sub-kingdom Viridaeplantae, Infrakingdom gelm.) Voss, P. ayacahuite var. brachyptera Shaw, P. Streptophyta, Division, Tracheophyta, Sub-division flexilis var. reflexa Engelm. y P. ayacahuite C. Ehrenb. Spermatophytina, Infradivision Gymnospermae, Class De acuerdo con el SIIT, la clasificación taxonó- Pinopsida, Order Pinales, Family Pinaceae, Genus mica que debe tener esta especie es: Reino Plantae, Pinus, Species Pinus strobiformis. This organization Subreino Viridaeplantae, Infrakindom Streptophyta, also mentioned that the common name of this División Tracheophyta, Subdivisión Spermatophytina, species is Mexican white pine. Infradivisión Gymnospermae, Clase Pinopsida, Or- This species is geographically distributed in the den Pinales, Familia Pinaceae, Género Pinus, Especie states of Arizona, New Mexico and Texas, in USA. In Pinus strobiformis. Este organismo menciona además Mexico it is found in the states of Sonora, Chihuahua, que el nombre común de esta especie es pino blanco Coahuila, Nuevo León, Durango, Jalisco, Sinaloa, mexicano (Mexican white pine). Zacatecas and San Luis Potosi (Perry, 1991; Farjon Esta especie se distribuye geográficamente en and Styles, 1997; Castro-Félix et al., 2008). los estados de Arizona, Nuevo México y Texas, en From the evolutionary point of view Pinus EE.UU. En México se encuentra en los estados species had a number of diversification processes 616 VOLUMEN 48, NÚMERO 6 Pinus strobiformis Engelmann: NUEVA LOCALIDAD PARA GUANAJUATO, MÉXICO de Sonora, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, that took place in the main mountain ranges of Durango, Jalisco, Sinaloa, Zacatecas y San Luis Po- Mexico, which functioned as biological corridors tosí (Perry, 1991; Farjon y Styles, 1997; Castro-Félix or as biogeographic islands and defined the current et al., 2008). distribution patterns of pine trees within the five Desde el punto de vista evolutivo las especies large regions of the country according to Sánchez- de Pinus tuvieron una serie de procesos de diversi- González (2008): Region I, North and South ficación ocurridas en las principales cadenas mon- Baja California (states of Baja California and Baja tañosas de México, las cuales funcionaron como California Sur); Region II, Sierra Madre Occidental corredores biológicos o como islas biogeográficas (states of Sonora, Chihuahua,
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