What's Buggin' You?

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PHOTO FEATURE Priya Chaudhary What’s Buggin’ You? Bugs or insects have the largest animal biomass on the Earth. They make up to three quarters of the animals on the planet Earth. Let’s have a look at the world’s most bizarre bugs. Hummingbird Hawk-Moth Macroglossum stellatarum popularly known as hummingbird hawk-moth is a species of moth found in warmer locations. It feeds on flowers with its proboscis and makes a humming noise thus got its name. Their resemblance to the humming bird is an example of the convergent form of evolution. Source: Andreas Kay/Flickr.com Snake Caterpillar This is a larva of a moth of the family Sphingidae, scientifically called Hemeroplanes triptolemus. This larva is the best mimicry artist that Mother Nature can have. It mimics snakes and has similar patches like a snake. It can also attack like the snake if threatened. 34 | Science Reporter | November 2018 Orchid Mantis This species of mantis surely looks like a walking orchid flower. One can easily mistake it for a beautiful pink orchid flower but it’s a flower mantis that mimics beautiful pink orchids to catch its prey. It is found wildly in Indonesia and is called Hymenopus coronatus. Crafty Caterpillar This caterpillar is so crafty that it decorates itself with colourful flower petals, once the petals dry off it again puts out new petals using silk to protect itself from predators. It is a larva of moth commonly called wavy-lined emerald moth or camouflaged looper (Synchlora aerata). Compiled by Priya Chaudhary, former Research Source: Hopefoote/Flickr.com Intern, CSIR-NISCAIR, New Delhi November 2018 | Science Reporter | 35.

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RESERVA DE LA BIOSFERA MAB SELVA EL OCOTE PRIMER REVISIÓN PERIÓDICA MÉXICO 2017 I PRIMERA REVISIÓN PERIÓDICA DE LA RESERVA DE LA BIOSFERA MAB SELVA EL OCOTE [2017] Contenido PARTE I: RESUMEN ..................................................................................................................... 1 PARTE II: INFORME DE REVISIÓN PERIÓDICA .................................................................... 5 1. RESERVA DE LA BIOSFERA ...................................................................................... 5 2. CAMBIOS SIGNIFICATIVOS EN LA RESERVA DE LA BIOSFERA DURANTE LOS DIEZ ÚLTIMOS AÑOS ............................................................ 7 3. SERVICIOS DE LOS ECOSISTEMAS ....................................................................... 32 4. FUNCIÓN DE CONSERVACIÓN .............................................................................. 35 5. FUNCIÓN DE DESARROLLO ................................................................................... 41 6. FUNCIÓN DE LOGÍSTICA ......................................................................................... 51 7. GOBERNANZA, GESTIÓN Y COORDINACIÓN DE LA RESERVA DE LA BIOSFERA ..................................................................................................... 65 8. CRITERIOS Y PROGRESOS ALCANZADOS .......................................................... 82 9. DOCUMENTOS COMPLEMENTARIOS ................................................................... 89 10. DIRECCIONES .................................................................................................
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Extreme Diversity of Tropical Parasitoid Wasps Exposed by Iterative Integration of Natural History, DNA Barcoding, Morphology, and Collections
Extreme diversity of tropical parasitoid wasps exposed by iterative integration of natural history, DNA barcoding, morphology, and collections M. Alex Smith*†, Josephine J. Rodriguez‡, James B. Whitﬁeld‡, Andrew R. Deans§, Daniel H. Janzen†¶, Winnie Hallwachs¶, and Paul D. N. Hebert* *The Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, University of Guelph, Guelph Ontario, N1G 2W1 Canada; ‡Department of Entomology, 320 Morrill Hall, University of Illinois, 505 S. Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801; §Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 7613, 2301 Gardner Hall, Raleigh, NC 27695-7613; and ¶Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6018 Contributed by Daniel H. Janzen, May 31, 2008 (sent for review April 18, 2008) We DNA barcoded 2,597 parasitoid wasps belonging to 6 microgas- A detailed recognition of species in parasitoid communities is trine braconid genera reared from parapatric tropical dry forest, cloud necessary because of the pivotal role parasitoids play in food web forest, and rain forest in Area de Conservacio´ n Guanacaste (ACG) in structure and dynamics. While generalizations about the effects of northwestern Costa Rica and combined these data with records of parasitoids on community diversity are complex (7), a common- caterpillar hosts and morphological analyses. We asked whether place predictor of the impact of a parasitoid species on local host barcoding and morphology discover the same provisional species and dynamics is whether the parasitoid is a generalist or specialist. A whether the biological entities revealed by our analysis are congruent generalist, especially a mobile one, is viewed as stabilizing food webs with wasp host speciﬁcity. Morphological analysis revealed 171 (see ref.
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Amphiesmeno- Ptera: the Caddisflies and Lepidoptera
CY501-C13[548-606].qxd 2/16/05 12:17 AM Page 548 quark11 27B:CY501:Chapters:Chapter-13: 13Amphiesmeno-Amphiesmenoptera: The ptera:Caddisflies The and Lepidoptera With very few exceptions the life histories of the orders Tri- from Old English traveling cadice men, who pinned bits of choptera (caddisflies)Caddisflies and Lepidoptera (moths and butter- cloth to their and coats to advertise their fabrics. A few species flies) are extremely different; the former have aquatic larvae, actually have terrestrial larvae, but even these are relegated to and the latter nearly always have terrestrial, plant-feeding wet leaf litter, so many defining features of the order concern caterpillars. Nonetheless, the close relationship of these two larval adaptations for an almost wholly aquatic lifestyle (Wig- orders hasLepidoptera essentially never been disputed and is supported gins, 1977, 1996). For example, larvae are apneustic (without by strong morphological (Kristensen, 1975, 1991), molecular spiracles) and respire through a thin, permeable cuticle, (Wheeler et al., 2001; Whiting, 2002), and paleontological evi- some of which have filamentous abdominal gills that are sim- dence. Synapomorphies linking these two orders include het- ple or intricately branched (Figure 13.3). Antennae and the erogametic females; a pair of glands on sternite V (found in tentorium of larvae are reduced, though functional signifi- Trichoptera and in basal moths); dense, long setae on the cance of these features is unknown. Larvae do not have pro- wing membrane (which are modified into scales in Lepi- legs on most abdominal segments, save for a pair of anal pro- doptera); forewing with the anal veins looping up to form a legs that have sclerotized hooks for anchoring the larva in its double “Y” configuration; larva with a fused hypopharynx case.
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The Vol 2 No 2 2019 Ecological ISSN 2515-1967 A peer-reviewed journal Citizen www.ecologicalcitizen.net CONFRONTING HUMAN SUPREMACY IN DEFENCE OF THE EARTH IN THIS ISSUE Saving wild rivers The ‘why’ and ‘how’ Pages 131 and 173 The case against ‘enlightened inaction’ Applying lessons from Henry David Thoreau Page 163 AN INDEPENDENT JOURNAL No article access fees | No publication charges | No financial affiliations About the Journal www.ecologicalcitizen.net The An ecocentric, peer-reviewed, Ecological free-to-access journal EC Citizen ISSN 2515-1967 Cover photo Aims Copyright A protest against damming of 1 Advancing ecological knowledge The copyright of the content belongs to the Vjosa on the river’s banks 2 Championing Earth-centred action the authors, artists and photographers, near Qeserat, Albania. 3 Inspiring ecocentric citizenship unless otherwise stated. However, there is Oblak Aljaz 4 Promoting ecocentrism in political debates no limit on printing or distribution of PDFs 5 Nurturing an ecocentric lexicon downloaded from the website. Content alerts Translations Sign up for alerts at: We invite individuals wishing to translate www.ecologicalcitizen.net/#signup pieces into other languages, helping enable the Journal to reach a wider audience, to contact Social media us at: www.ecologicalcitizen.net/contact.html. Follow the Journal on Twitter: www.twitter.com/EcolCitizen A note on terminology Like the Journal on Facebook: Because of the extent to which some non- www.facebook.com/TheEcologicalCitizen ecocentric terms are embedded in the English language, it is sometimes necessary Editorial opinions for a sentence to deviate from a perfectly Opinions expressed in the Journal do not ecocentric grounding.
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ISSN 0260-5805 THE BRITISH HERPETOLOGICAL SOCIETY BULLETIN No. 53 Autumn 1995 THE BRITISH HERPETOLOGICAL SOCIETY do Zoological Society of London Regent's Park, London 1VW1 4RY Registered Charity No. 205666 The British Herpetological Society was founded in 1947 by a group of well-known naturalists, with the broad aim of catering for all interests in reptiles and amphibians. Four particular areas of activity have developed within the Society: The Captive Breeding Committee is actively involved in promoting the captive breeding and responsible husbandry of reptiles and amphibians. It also advises on aspects of national and international legislation affecting the keeping, breeding, farming and substainable utilisation of reptiles and amphibians. Special meetings are held and publications produced to fulfil these aims. The Conservation Committee is actively engaged in field study, conservation management and political lobbying with a view to improving the status and future prospects of our native British species. It is the accepted authority on reptile and amphibian conservation in the UK, works in close collaboration with the Herpetological Conservation Trust and has an advisory role to Nature Conservancy Councils (the statutory government bodies). A number of nature reserves are owned or leased, and all Society Members are encouraged to become involved in habitat management. The Education Committee promotes all aspects of the Society through the Media, schools, lectures, field trips and displays. It also runs the junior section of the Society - THE YOUNG HERPETOLOGISTS CLUB (YHC). YHC Members receive their own newsletter and, among other activities, are invited to participate in an annual "camp" arranged in an area of outstanding herpetological interest.
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Topicos Sobre Sistematica Y Morfología
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Long-Term Stability of the Hawkmoth Fauna (Lepidoptera, Sphingidae) in a Protected Area of Brazilian Atlantic Rain Forest
Journal of Insect Conservation (2018) 22:277–286 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10841-018-0061-0 ORIGINAL PAPER Long-term stability of the hawkmoth fauna (Lepidoptera, Sphingidae) in a protected area of Brazilian Atlantic Rain Forest Pedro I. Chiquetto‑Machado1 · Felipe W. Amorim2 · Marcelo Duarte1 Received: 11 August 2017 / Accepted: 24 April 2018 / Published online: 30 April 2018 © Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018 Abstract Hawkmoths are an important component of tropical ecosystems, with significant roles as herbivores and pollinators. These moths can be used as indicators in biodiversity assessments because they can be easily sampled and identified. However, hawkmoths have seldom been surveyed over the long term for this purpose, especially in the Neotropical region. Considering that long-term datasets are of indisputable importance for understanding and monitoring temporal changes in biodiversity, this study assessed long-term changes in the hawkmoth fauna in a protected Atlantic Rain Forest area over a period of 64 years. We used historical and recent empirical datasets to ask whether faunal-diversity patterns and species composition have changed over time. We used individual- and sample-based rarefaction and extrapolation curves based on Hill number (diversity order of q = 0) to compare species richness, and the probability version of the abundance-based Chao-Jaccard index to assess beta diversity over time. To assess changes in faunal composition, we conducted a nonmetric multidimen- sional scaling analysis and performed an analysis of similarities to test whether the community composition has changed. Our results clearly showed long-term stability of the hawkmoth community over the 64 years, despite the growing human- induced landscape changes that occurred in the region surrounding the study area during the last 6 decades.
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Check List 4(2): 123–136, 2008
Check List 4(2): 123–136, 2008. ISSN: 1809-127X LISTS OF SPECIES Light-attracted hawkmoths (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) of Boracéia, municipality of Salesópolis, state of São Paulo, Brazil. Marcelo Duarte 1 Luciane F. Carlin 1 Gláucia Marconato 1, 2 1 Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo. Avenida Nazaré 481, Ipiranga, CEP 04263-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. E-mail: [email protected] 2 Curso de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Zoologia), Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo. Rua do Matão, travessa 14, número 321. CEP 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Abstract: The light-attracted hawkmoths (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) of the Estação Biológica de Boracéia, municipality of Salesópolis, state of São Paulo, Brazil were sampled during a period of 64 years (1940-2004). A total of 2,064 individuals belonging to 3 subfamilies, 6 tribes, 23 genera and 75 species were identified. Macroglossinae was the most abundant and richest subfamily in the study area, being followed by Sphinginae and Smerinthinae. About 66 % of the sampled individuals were assorted to the macroglossine tribes Dilophonotini and Macroglossini. Dilophonotini (Macroglossinae) was the richest tribe with 26 species, followed by Sphingini (Sphinginae) with 18 species, Macroglossini (Macroglossinae) with 16 species, Ambulycini (Smerinthinae) and Philampelini (Macroglossinae) with seven species each one, and Acherontiini (Sphinginae) with only one species. Manduca Hübner (Sphinginae) and Xylophanes Hübner (Macroglossinae) were the dominant genera in number of species. Only Xylophanes thyelia thyelia (Linnaeus) and Adhemarius eurysthenes (R. Felder) were recorded year round Introduction Hawkmoths (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) comprise Kitching 2002). Because of their capability to fly about 200 genera and 1300 species (Kitching and far away, these moths are potential long distance Cadiou 2000).
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Lepidoptera: Sphingidae
Crepuscular and nocturnal hawkmoths (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) from a fragment of Atlantic rainforest in the state of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil Kely Cristina Rocha Vieira1, Simeão de Souza Moraes2, Pedro Ivo Chiquetto-Machado2 and Marcelo Duarte2,3* Abstract A survey of the richness, abundance and species composition of Sphingidae (Lepidoptera) was performed in a fragment of Atlantic Rainforest at the Serra do Japi Biological Reserve, Municipality of Jundiaí, state of São Paulo, Brazil. Sampling was done monthly, on 2 consecutive nights, from Dec 2011 to Oct 2012, totaling 264 hours of sampling effort. The hawkmoths were attracted by a light trap. Our results were compared with data from a survey of Sphingidae carried out in another fragment of Atlantic Rainforest, i.e., at the Boraceia Biological Station, Municipality of Salesópolis, São Paulo. Richness estimators, rarefaction curves and rank/abundance plots were used to describe the assemblage sampled in this study and to com- pare it with the data set from Boraceia. We collected 462 specimens, members of 3 subfamilies, 5 tribes, 18 genera and 39 species. Callionima parce (Fabricius) was the most abundant species, comprising 33% of the individuals. Orecta lycidas (Boisduval), an under-sampled species in the Atlantic Rainforest, was recorded for the first time in the area of Serra do Japi. The assemblage showed lower species richness and evenness than the assem- blage at Boraceia, probably due to differences in climate, vegetation and size of the forest fragment in which the reserves are situated. Nevertheless, our results emphasize the importance of the Serra do Japi Biological Reserve for the fauna of Lepidoptera of the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest.
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Lista De Espécies Avaliadas
Lista de Espécies avaliadas 1 Lepidoptera Pyralidae Parapoynx restingalis Da Silva & Nessimian, 1990 2 Lepidoptera Saturniidae Dirphia monticola Zerny, 1924 3 Lepidoptera Sphingidae Adhemarius dentoni (Clark, 1916) 4 Lepidoptera Sphingidae Adhemarius eurysthenes (R. Felder, [1874]) 5 Lepidoptera Sphingidae Adhemarius gagarini (Zikän, 1935) 6 Lepidoptera Sphingidae Adhemarius gannascus (Stoll, 1790) 7 Lepidoptera Sphingidae Adhemarius germanus (Zikän, 1934) 8 Lepidoptera Sphingidae Adhemarius palmeri (Boisduval, [1875]) 9 Lepidoptera Sphingidae Adhemarius sexoculata (Grote, 1865) 10 Lepidoptera Sphingidae Adhemarius ypsilon (Rothschild & Jordan, 1903) 11 Lepidoptera Sphingidae Aellopos ceculus (Cramer, 1777) 12 Lepidoptera Sphingidae Aellopos clavipes (Rothschild & Jordan, 1903) 13 Lepidoptera Sphingidae Aellopos fadus (Cramer, 1775) 14 Lepidoptera Sphingidae Aellopos tantalus (Linnaeus, 1758) 15 Lepidoptera Sphingidae Aellopos titan (Cramer, 1777) 16 Lepidoptera Sphingidae Agrius cingulata (Fabricius, 1775) 17 Lepidoptera Sphingidae Aleuron carinata (Walker, 1856) 18 Lepidoptera Sphingidae Aleuron chloroptera (Perty, [1833]) 19 Lepidoptera Sphingidae Aleuron iphis (Walker, 1856) 20 Lepidoptera Sphingidae Aleuron neglectum Rothschild & Jordan, 1903 21 Lepidoptera Sphingidae Aleuron prominens (Walker, 1856) 22 Lepidoptera Sphingidae Aleuron ypanemae (Boisduval, 1875) 23 Lepidoptera Sphingidae Amphimoea walkeri (Boisduval, [1875]) 24 Lepidoptera Sphingidae Baniwa yavitensis Lichy, 1981 25 Lepidoptera Sphingidae Callionima denticulata (Schaus
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Contributions
MILWAUKEE PUBLIC MUSEUM Contributions . In BIOLOGY and GEOLOGY Jumber 58 October 1, 1984 Type Specimens in the Insect Collections of the Milwaukee Public Museum Gerald R. Noonan MILWAUKEE PUBLIC MUSEUM Contributions In BIOLOGY and GEOLOGY Number 58 October 1, 1984 Type Specimens in the Insect Collections of the Milwaukee Public Museum Gerald R. Noonan REVIEWERS FOR mIS PUBLICATION Douglas C. Ferguson, Smithsonian Institution Ronald W. Hodges, Smithsonian Institution Minter J. Westfall Jr., University of Florida ISBN 0-89326-105-X © 1984 Milwaukee Public Museum Published by the order of the Board of Trustees This paper is the first list of type-material to be published for the insect collections of the Invertebrate Zoology Section of the Mil- waukee Public Museum. The value of such a list is shown by recom- mendation 72 D of the International Code of Zoological Nomelclature (1964)which states that institutions with collections containing type material should publish lists of it. Systematists at universities and at other museums use such lists to locate types of species in which they are interested. Such lists also provide an accounting of type- material and establish a baseline on which a museum can measure future growth and on which subsequent acquisitions can be recorded and published. The origins of the museum's insect collections can be traced back to private citizens who assembled collections before or approximately simultaneously with the opening ofthe museum a century ago. These individuals ultimately donated their holdings to the museum, and as the insect collections grew, curators were hired to care for and to augment them.
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Notes on Ecuadorian Hawkmoths (Lepidoptera, Sphingidae) by L U Ig I R a C H E Li & T O M M a S O R a C H E Li Received 27.VI.1994
©Ges. zur Förderung d. Erforschung von Insektenwanderungen e.V. München, download unter www.zobodat.at Atalanta (June 1995) 26(1/2): 267-271, Würzburg, ISSN 0171-0079 Notes on Ecuadorian hawkmoths (Lepidoptera, Sphingidae) by L u ig i R a c h e li & T o m m a s o R a c h e li received 27.VI.1994 Abstract: Following two recent field trips to Ecuador, Stolidoptera tachasara, Xylophanes media and Xylophanes nabucodonosor are reported for the first time for the country. The presence of Xylophanes ockendeni is confirmed and new distributional data are added to Protambulyx eurycles, Adhemarius sexoculata, Erynnis lassauxi, Oryba achemenides, He- meroplanes triptolemus, Nyceryx hyposticta, Perigonia stulta, Perigonia lusca, Xylophanes pyrrhus, Xylophanes thyelia. During april, and october-november 1993 several nights were spent collecting at light traps, especially in the premontane area of the Napo region known as Cordillera de Huacamayo, approx. 40 km NE Tena, and around the watershed of the road leading to the Baeza valley at altitudes between 1800 and 2200 m, other than in various localities. Some of the species collected are interesting and improve the knowledge of the composition and distribution of Ecuadorian Sphingidae. Collecting sites 1 Pichincha, Alluriquin, 800 m 2 Pichincha, Tandapi, 1460 m 3 Pichincha, Puerto Quito, 250 m 4 Cañar, El Triunfo, 500 m 5 Napo, 7 km S Cosanga, 2250 m 6 Napo, Cordillera de Huacamayo, S. Elena, 1800 m 7 Napo, Puerto Misahualli, 450 m 8 Napo, Puerto Napo, 500 m 9 Napo, Santa Rosa, 800 m 10 Tunghuranua, Rio Topo, 1200 m 11 Morona-Santiago, Los Tayos, 800 m 12 Morona-Santiago, Macas, 1070 m List of species Protambulyx eurycles (Herrich-Schaffer , 1854) Remarks: This species is distributed from Mexico to Paraguay and Argentina (Schreiber , 1978).
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