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Selva El O C O Te RESERVA DE LA BIOSFERA MAB SELVA EL OCOTE PRIMER REVISIÓN PERIÓDICA MÉXICO 2017 I PRIMERA REVISIÓN PERIÓDICA DE LA RESERVA DE LA BIOSFERA MAB SELVA EL OCOTE [2017] Contenido PARTE I: RESUMEN ..................................................................................................................... 1 PARTE II: INFORME DE REVISIÓN PERIÓDICA .................................................................... 5 1. RESERVA DE LA BIOSFERA ...................................................................................... 5 2. CAMBIOS SIGNIFICATIVOS EN LA RESERVA DE LA BIOSFERA DURANTE LOS DIEZ ÚLTIMOS AÑOS ............................................................ 7 3. SERVICIOS DE LOS ECOSISTEMAS ....................................................................... 32 4. FUNCIÓN DE CONSERVACIÓN .............................................................................. 35 5. FUNCIÓN DE DESARROLLO ................................................................................... 41 6. FUNCIÓN DE LOGÍSTICA ......................................................................................... 51 7. GOBERNANZA, GESTIÓN Y COORDINACIÓN DE LA RESERVA DE LA BIOSFERA ..................................................................................................... 65 8. CRITERIOS Y PROGRESOS ALCANZADOS .......................................................... 82 9. DOCUMENTOS COMPLEMENTARIOS ................................................................... 89 10. DIRECCIONES .................................................................................................. 137 Anexo I ............................................................................................................................ 138 Primera Revisión Periódica de la Reserva de la Biosfera MaB Selva el Ocote-2017 II ACRONIMOS AICA, Áreas de Importancia para la Conservación de las Aves. AICOM, Área de Importancia para la Conservación de los Murciélagos AMSA, Agroindustrias de México, A.C. ANP, Área Natural Protegida. CA, Consejo Asesor CAPUFE, Caminos y Puentes Federales CCA, Comisión para la Cooperación Ambiental de América del Norte CCAD, Centro de Ciencias Aplicadas y Desarrollo Tecnológico CDI, Comisión Nacional para el Desarrollo de los Pueblos Indígenas CECADESU, Centro de Educación y Capacitación para el Desarrollo Sustentable CERTIMEX, Servicio de Certificación para Productores y Procesos Orgánicos CESAVE, Comité Estatal de Sanidad Vegetal CI, Organización Conservación Internacional CIPAMEX, Consejo Internacional para la Preservación de las Aves de México CONABIO, Comisión Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad CONACYT, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología CONAFOR, Comisión Nacional Forestal CONAGUA, Comisión Nacional del Agua CPF, Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund CRIF, Centro Regional de Control de Incendios Forestales. DERMAC, Desarrollo Rural y Medio Ambiente A.C. DOF, Diario Oficial de la Federación. DRV, Diagnóstico Rápido de Vulnerabilidad. ECOSUR, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur EMA, Estación Meteorológica Automatizada ENDESU, Espacios Naturales y Desarrollo Sustentable A.C. FANP, Fondo de Áreas Naturales Protegidas FEPADA, Fiscalía Especializada para la Atención de Delitos Ambientales FIRA, Fideicomisos Instituidos en Relación con la Agricultura FIRCO, Fideicomiso de Riesgo Compartido GIEZCA, Grupo de Investigación de ECOSUR en Zonas Cafetaleras IMO, Instituto de Ecomercado INCAFECH, Instituto del Café del Estado de Chiapas INEGI, Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía INIFAP, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias LGEEPA, Ley General del Equilibrio Ecológico y la Protección al Ambiente. MPCC, Mejores prácticas de Café de Conservación. Primera Revisión Periódica de la Reserva de la Biosfera MaB Selva el Ocote-2017 III NOM, Norma Oficial Mexicana ONG, Organización No Gubernamental OSC, Organización de la Sociedad Civil PACC, Programa de Adaptación al Cambio Climático PEMEX, Petróleos Mexicanos PET, Programa de Empleo Temporal PNANP, Programa Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas PNUD, Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo POA, Programa Operativo Anual PROACC, Programa de Acción ante el Cambio Climático PROCAMPO, Programa de Apoyo Directo al Campo PROCER, Programa de Conservación de Especies en Riesgo PROCODES, Programa de Conservación para el Desarrollo Sostenible PROFEPA, Procuraduría Federal de Protección al Ambiente PROMAC, Programa de Maíz Criollo PROMOBI, Programa de Monitoreo Biológico PROVICOM, Programa de Vigilancia Comunitaria RAC, Red de Asesores Científicos REBISO, Reserva de la Biosfera Selva El Ocote RPC, Región Prioritaria para la Conservación SAGARPA, Secretaría de Agricultura, Ganadería, Desarrollo Rural, Pesca y Alimentación SECAM, Secretaría del Campo de Chiapas SEDATU, Secretaria de Desarrollo Agrario, Territorial y Urbano SEDEM, Secretaría para el Desarrollo y Empoderamiento de las Mujeres de Chiapas SEDEPAS, Secretaría de Desarrollo Social de Chiapas SEMAHN, Secretaría de Medio Ambiente e Historia Natural de Chiapas SEMARNAT, Secretaría de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales SINAP, Sistema Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas SOPyC, Secretaría de Planeación, Gestión Pública y Programa de Gobierno, Secretaría de Obra Pública y Comunicaciones de Chiapas SRA, Secretaría de la Reforma Agraria TNC, The Nature Conservancy UICN, Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza UNACH, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas USAID, Agencia de los Estados Unidos para el Desarrollo Internacional Primera Revisión Periódica de la Reserva de la Biosfera MaB Selva el Ocote-2017 1 PARTE I: RESUMEN a) Nombre de la reserva de la biosfera: Reserva de la Biosfera Selva El Ocote b) País: México c) Año de designación: 2006 d) Año(s) de revisión(es) periódica(s): Primera Revisión 2017 e) Recomendación(es) previa(s) hechas por el Consejo Internacional de Coordinación (CIC) si procede: No hubo recomendaciones hechas por el CIC. f) Qué acciones de seguimiento se han llevado a cabo y si no se han terminado/iniciado, por favor justifique: Primer informe periódico, No aplica g) Actualización de la implantación de medidas para alcanzar los objetivos de la reserva de la biosfera. Para alcanzar los objetivos de conservación de la Reserva de la Biosfera Selva El Ocote, se ha implementado una serie de medidas para su protección, conservación y uso sustentable de sus recursos, a través del Programa de Manejo publicado en diciembre del 2000, el cual se sustenta en la LGEEPA, el Programa Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas y el Decreto de Creación de la Reserva publicado el 27 de noviembre del mismo año. El programa de manejo establece tres apartados importantes que permiten el cumplimiento de los objetivos de conservación, la Zonificación, las reglas administrativas y los componentes de manejo del territorio. Las Reglas administrativas, son el instrumento que establece una serie de disposiciones que deben de observar los habitantes, los visitantes y diversos usuarios de la Reserva de Biosfera, durante el desarrollo de sus actividades dentro del territorio, de manera tal que permiten que se cumplan con los ordenamientos legales correspondientes y con los objetivos de protección y conservación de la Reserva. Estas reglas administrativas tiene su fundamento en el decreto y programa de manejo de la Reserva, en el Artículo 4° y 27° de la Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos, el artículo 2° de la Convención Marco de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Cambio Climático; los artículos 44, 48, 66 de la Ley General del Equilibrio Ecológico y la Protección al Ambiente y otros instrumentos normativos del Gobierno de México. Los componentes de manejo de la Reserva, se desarrollaron bajo un esquema de conservación, rehabilitación, recuperación y restauración de sus ecosistemas, a fin de garantizar la permanencia y mejorar las condiciones ambientales del territorio, incluyendo su biodiversidad, flujos energéticos y ciclos naturales. Establecen también, las condiciones propicias que permitan conservar los recursos naturales como la flora, fauna, recursos abióticos y los diferentes servicios ambientales que aporta, los elementos paisajísticos y todo aquello que compone el patrimonio cultural derivado de la presencia de grupos prehispánicos y de las comunidades actuales. Primera Revisión Periódica de la Reserva de la Biosfera MaB Selva el Ocote-2017 2 Para ello, se han desarrollado acciones de protección y vigilancia ambiental principalmente de las zonas núcleo de la Reserva, prevención y control de incendios forestales, monitoreo conservación de especies en riesgo, reforestación y restauración ecológica, monitoreo de calidad de agua superficial y subterránea, fomento de alternativas de desarrollo sustentable y aprovechamiento sustentable de los recursos naturales, planificación comunitaria y participación social, generando diversos espacios de participación social, concertación y coordinación como la operación del Consejo Asesor (CA), la alianza con organizaciones de la sociedad civil, la Red de Asesores Científicos (RAC), el grupo interinstitucional con tomadores de decisiones locales y regionales y el Centro Regional de Control de Incendios Forestales; la promoción de la investigación científica y monitoreo biológico y ambiental, educación ambiental, difusión y capacitación. Desde el año 2013 se promovió la actualización del programa de manejo de la Reserva, de acuerdo a la Fracción III del Artículo 78 del Reglamento de la Ley General del Equilibrio Ecológico
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