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Abbreviations A b b r e v i a t i o n s ACASC Amherst College Archives and Special Collections COCSC College of Charleston Special Collections (Addlestone Library, Charleston, SC) CUAC Columbia University Archives CUOHR Columbia University Oral History Research Office CURBM Columbia University Rare Book and Manuscript Library (Butler Library, New York, NY) IUMD Indiana University Manuscripts Department (Lilly Library, Bloomington, IN) JCA Juilliard College Archives LOCMD Library of Congress Manuscript Division LOCRS Library of Congress Recorded Sound Reference Center NLALAP Newberry Library Adeline Lobdell Atwater Papers (Chicago, IL) UPRBML University of Pennsylvania Annenberg Rare Book and Manuscript Library N o t e s Introduction 1 . Lloyd Morris, A Threshold in the Sun (New York: Harper and Brothers, 1943), 89–90. Also see Jerry E. Patterson, Fifth Avenue: The Best Address. (New York: Rizzoli International, 1998); and Francis Steegmuller, “Oldest Hotels,” The New Yorker, September 22, 1934, 18. 2 . Quoted in Oscar James Campbell, “The Department of English and Comparative Literature,” in The Faculty of Philosophy , ed. D. C. Miner (New York: Columbia University Press, 1957), 79. 3 . Morris, A Threshold in the Sun and John Erskine, The Memory of Certain Persons (Philadelphia, PA: J.P. Lippincott, 1947), 356. 4 . Quoted in Helen Huntington Smith, “Professor’s Progress,” The New Yorker , December 27, 1927, 28. 5 . Morris, A Threshold in the Sun , 90. 6 . Ibid. 7 . John Carter, “The Wit and Wisdom of Helen of Troy,” New York Times , November 9, 1925, 15. 8 . D. Laurance Chambers. Typescript memo to files, January 4, 1926. The Bobbs-Merrill Manuscript Collection (hereafter referred to as Bobbs-Merrill MSS), Box 48, IUMD. 9 . John Erskine to D. Laurance Chambers, April 20, 1926. John Erskine to D. Laurance Chambers, February 4, 1927. D. Laurance Chambers to John Erskine, February 23, 1927. Bobbs-Merrill MSS, Box 48, IUMD. 10 . John Erskine to D. Laurance Chambers, December 29, 1925. D. Laurance Chambers to John Erskine, February 23, 1927. Bobbs- Merrill MSS, Box 48, IUMD. 11 . Earlier popular academics and public intellectuals (e.g., Webster, Emerson, James) relied on lecture touring and writing to achieve widespread acclaim. Technological advances in printing and enter- tainment uses of radio, however, marked a new age for mass appeal among marketable personalities. 12 . Lionel Trilling, “Some Notes for an Autobiographical Lecture,” in The Last Decade: Essays and Reviews, 1965–1975, ed. D. Trilling 192 Notes (New York: Harcourt Brace, 1979), 234. Although Erskine first sug- gested a course in great books for all undergraduates in 1915, his colleagues turned it down. They reconsidered during the post–World War I impulse for Western foundations, but limited the audience to honors students. The reading list, modified regularly, was laden with Greek and Roman philosophers, as well as Western European authors such as Dante, Montaigne, Shakespeare, Voltaire, and Rousseau. 13 . Untitled typescript, course list, 1895. Erskine Papers, Uncatalogued, Box 7, CURBM (hereafter referred to as Erskine Papers). 14 . Joan Shelley Rubin, The Making of Middlebrow Culture (Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 1992), 151. 15 . John Erskine, The Memory of Certain Persons (Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott, 1947), 94. 16 . Ibid., 74. 17 . David J. Leese, “The Pragmatic Vision: Columbia College and the Progressive Reorganization of the Liberal Core—the Formative Years, 1880–1941” (PhD diss., Columbia University, 1987), 119. See also Robert A. McCaughey, Stand, Columbia: A History of Columbia University in the City of New York , 1754–2004 (New York: Columbia University Press, 2003). 18 . Frank Bowles, “Annual Report of the Director of University Admissions,” 1951, Central Records, Bowles folders, CUAC. 19 . J. David Hoeveler, The New Humanism: A Critique of Modern America, 1900–1940 (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1977), 3. 20 . Jacques Barzun, From Dawn to Decadence: 500 Years of Western Cultural Life (New York: Harper Collins, 2000), 606–607. 21 . Ibid., 5. 22 . Gerald Graff, Professing Literature: An Institutional History (Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1987), 55. 23 . Ibid., 94. 24 . Quoted in Randolph Bourne, “The Professor” in The History of a Literary Radical and Other Essays , ed. Van Wyck Brooks (New York: B.W. Heubsch, 1920), 94. 25 . See John Erskine, The Moral Obligation to be Intelligent (New York: Duffield and Company, 1915). 26 . Alan Willard Brown, “The Columbia College Colloquium on Important Books,” Journal of General Education (July 1, 1948): 278–286. 27 . Robert H. Wiebe, The Search for Order: 1877–1920 (New York: Hill and Wang, 1967), 287. 28 . John Erskine to Rhoda Erskine, January 14, 1919. Erskine Papers, Correspondence Files, Box 6, CURBM. Notes 193 29 . Barzun, From Dawn to Decadence , 714, 717. 30 . See, for example, David Riesman, Nathan Glazer, and Reuel Denney, The Lonely Crowd: A Study of the Changing American Character (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1950); Rubin, The Making of Middlebrow Culture ; and Warren I. Susman, Culture as History (New York: Pantheon, 1984). 31 . Erskine, The Memory , 343. 32 . Well received among Erskine’s published volumes by 1925 were: Actaeon and Other Poems (New York: J. Lane Co., 1907); Great American Writers (with W. P. Trent) (New York: Henry Holt, 1912); The Moral Obligation to be Intelligent (New York: Duffield and Company, 1915); The Kinds of Poetry and Other Essays (Port Washington, NY: Kennikat Press, 1920); Democracy and Ideals: A Definition (New York: George H. Doran, 1920); and The Literary Discipline (New York: Duffield and Company, 1923). He also coauthored with his sister, Helen Erskine, an English text book: Written English: A Guide to the Rules of Composition (New York: The Century Co., 1914). For reference to “presidencies,” see Erskine, The Memory , 341, and Anna Erskine Crouse, interview with the author, March 26, 2008. 33 . Erskine, The Memory , 357. 34 . See Dwight Macdonald, “Masscult and Midcult: I,” Partisan Review 27 (Spring 1960): 203–233 and “Masscult and Midcult: II,” Partisan Review 27 (Fall 1960): 589–631. Macdonald noted “midcult” as the more dangerous of the two, especially in terms of tendencies he viewed in its vulgarization of the arts. 35 . Janice Radway, “The Scandal of the Middlebrow: The Book-of-the- Month Club, Class Fracture, and Cultural Authority,” South Atlantic Quarterly 89 (Fall 1990): 714. 36 . Richard Hofstadter, Anti-Intellectualism in American Life (New York: Alfred Knopf, 1963). 37 . David O. Levine, The American Culture and the Culture of Aspiration, 1915–1940 (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1986), 102. 38 . Helen Lefkowitz Horowitz, Campus Life: Undergraduate Cultures from the End of the Eighteenth Century to the Present (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1987). 39 . Rubin, The Making of Middlebrow Culture , 16. 40 . Ibid., 18. 41 . John Erskine, “Afterthoughts of Lady Godiva,” Cosmopolitan (March 1929), 10–35, 192. “The Candor of Don Juan,” Cosmopolitan (November 1931), 58–61, 122–126. 42 . See Erskine, The Memory and Erskine, My Life in Music (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1950). 194 Notes 43 . Reviewer letter, N.A., n.d. Bobbs-Merrill MSS, Box 49, “Bachelor of Arts” Folder, IUMD. Jessica Mannon, internal memo, n.d. Bobbs-Merrill MSS, Box 49, “Forget if You Can” Folder, IUMD. Laurance Chambers to John Erskine, January 31, 1938. Bobbs- Merrill MSS, Box 48, IUMD. 44 . See Katherine R. Chaddock, “A Canon of Democratic Intent: Reinterpreting the Roots of the Great Books Movement,” The History of Higher Education Annual 22 (2003); and Hugh S. Moorhead, “The Great Books Movement” (PhD diss., University of Chicago, 1964). 45 . Helen H. Smith, “Professor’s Progress,” The New Yorker , December 19, 1927, 27. 46 . Edna Levey, “John Erskine Discourses Lightly on Art, Music Morals, and Female Intelligence,” unpublished typescript, January 22, 1931, 2. Bobbs-Merrill MSS, Box 48. 47 . William S. Knickerbocker, “John Erskine: Enough of His Mind to Explain His Art,” Sewanee Review 35 (April 1927): 155. 48 . Morris, A Threshold in the Sun , 85–86. 1 Gifted Boy of the Gilded Age 1 . John Erskine, The Memory of Certain Persons (Philadelphia, PA: J. P. Lippincott, 1947), 20. 2 . For family background and boyhood information, see the memoirs: Erskine, The Memory , 9–49; and John Erskine, My Life in Music (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1950), 1–10. 3 . George Santayana, “The Genteel Tradition in American Philosophy (1911),” in Nine Essays by George Santayana , ed. Douglas L. Wilson (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1967), 39–41. 4 . John Erskine to Laurance Chambers, October 28, 1929. Bobbs- Merrill MSS, Box 48, IUMD. 5 . John Erskine, The Kinds of Poetry (New York: Duffield and Company, 1920), 44. 6 . John Erskine to “ Santa Claus ,” n.d., 1888. Erskine Biographical File, Box 4, CURBM. 7 . John Erskine, The Complete Life (New York: Jullian Messner, 1943), 125–128. 8 . Erskine, The Memory , 23. 9 . Erskine, The Complete Life , 78. Also see Erskine, My Life in Music , 2. 10 . Erskine, My Life in Music , 8. 11 . Ibid., 9. 12 . Horace Coon, Columbia: Colossus on the Hudson (New York: E.P. Dutton, 1947), 146–149. 13 . Erskine, The Memory , 62. Notes 195 14 . Melville Cane, All and Sundry: An Oblique Autobiography (New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, 1968), 169. 15 . John Erskine, handwritten notes. Erskine Papers, Uncatalogued, “Columbia” Folder, Box 7, CURBM. 16 . Erskine, The Memory , 63. 17 . Cane, All and Sundry , 170. 18 . Erskine, The Memory , 66. 19 . Cane, All and Sundry , 169. 20 . Erskine, The Memory , 67. 2 The Columbia Stamp 1 . Virginia Gildersleeve, Many a Good Crusade (New York: Macmillan, 1954), 42. 2 . Ludwig Lewisohn, Upstream: An American Chronicle (New York: Boni and Liveright, 1922), 104. 3 . Frederick P. Keppel, Columbia (New York: Oxford University Press, 1914), 80–81. 4 . Melville Cane, “Reminiscences,” typescript, 1956, 11, CUOHR. 5 . Gildersleeve, Many a Good Crusade , 42. 6 . Keppel, Columbia , 275–276. 7 . Melville Cane, All and Sundry: An Oblique Autobiography (New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, 1968), 103.
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