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Indonesia's Military and Diplomatic Responses to People Republic of China's Assertiveness in the Natuna Islands (2014-2016)

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Indonesia's Military and Diplomatic Responses to People Republic of China's Assertiveness in the Natuna Islands (2014-2016) INDONESIA'S MILITARY AND DIPLOMATIC RESPONSES TO PEOPLE REPUBLIC OF CHINA'S ASSERTIVENESS IN THE NATUNA ISLANDS (2014-2016) By: Hervian Putra Dharma ID No. 016201300065 A Thesis presented to the Faculty of Humanities, International Relations Study Program President University In partial Fulfillment of the requirements for Degree in International Relations Concentration in Strategic Security and Defense Studies November 2017 Thesis Adviser Recommendation Letter This thesis titled Indonesia's Military and Diplomatic Responses to People's Republic of China's Assertiveness in the Natuna Islands (2014-2016) is prepared and submitted by Hervian Putra Dharma in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Arts in International Relations in the Faculty of Humanitiesas been reviewed and found to havesatisfied the requirements for a thesis fit to be examined. I therefore recommend this thesis for Oral Defense. Cikarang, Indonesia, November 2017 __________________________________ Prof. Anak Agung Banyu Perwita, MA., Ph.D. i DECLARATION OF ORIGINALITY I declare that this thesis, titled Indonesia's Military and Diplomatic Responses to People's Republic of China's Assertiveness in the Natuna Islands (2014-2016) is, to the best of my knowledge and belief, an original piece of work that has not been submitted, either in whole or in part, to another university to obtain a degree. Cikarang, Indonesia, 2017 Hervian Putra Dharma ii ABSTRACT Advisor: Prof. Anak Agung Banyu Perwita, Ph.D. 2014 as the President of Indonesia, the vision of becoming the global maritime fulcrum have emerged as a goal for Indonesia to achieve their potential in its maritime capabilities. The immediate challenge to this came by the tensions rising over the territorial integrity - Dash-Line claims. This research is aimed to analyze the Republic of China in the South China Sea dispute from the year 2014 until 2016. The research was conducted from September of 2016 until June of 2017, and this process was conducted based on the qualitative method of analysis, to support the thesis based on the data and theories, from various sources such as news sources, journals, and also books. Keywords: Global Maritime Fulcrum, Indonesia-China bilateral relationship, Joko Widodo, Natuna Islands, South China Sea. iii ABSTRAK Pembimbing: Prof. Anak Agung Banyu Perwita, Phd.D. Dengan naiknya kepemimpinan Presiden Joko maritim dunia telah menjadi sebuah tujuan bagi Indonesia, untuk menggapai potensi maksimal dalam bidangmaritim. Untuk mencapainya, halangan yang harus dihadapi langsung adalah meningkatnya ketegangan di Kepulauan Natuna, dimana integritas wilayah maritim dengan Zona Ekslusif Ekonomi Indonesia dipersulit oleh adanya klaim nine-dash-line milik Republik Rakyat China. Thesis ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa implementasi dari Pemerintahan Jokowi sebagai respon terhadap meningkatnya ketegangan diantara Republik Indonesia dan Republik Rakyat China di dalam isu Laut Cina Selatan dari tahun 2014 hingga 2016. Penelitian ini di lakukan dalam jangka waktu September 2016, hingga Januari 2017, dengan menggunakan metode analisis kualitatif, dengan berdasarkan pada data dan teori yang berasal dari sumber-sumber yang didapatkan, berupa artikel berita, buku, dan jurnal ilmiah. Kata kunci: Kepemimpinan Rodrigo Duterte, Hubungan Bilateral Filipina Amerika Serikat, Pembunuhan Diluar Hukum, Idiosyncratic Factors, Rational Actor Model. PANEL OF EXAMINER iv APPROVAL SHEET Diplomacy Responses to People Republic of China's Assertiveness in The Natuna Islands (2014- International Relations from the Faculty of Humanities, International Relations Study Program President University was assessed and approved to have passed the Oral Examinations on 27 November 2017. Indonesia's Military and Diplomacy Responses to People Republic of China's Assertiveness in The Natuna Islands (2014-2016) Hervian Putra Dharma majoring in International Relations from the Faculty of Humanities, International Relations Study Program President University was assessed and approved to have passed the Oral Examinations on 27 November 2017. Chair - Panel of Examiner Prof. Anak Agung Banyu Perwita, Ph.D Member of Examiner v ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Alhamdulillahirobil'alamin, by the power of Allah SWT, I can finished my study as Bachelor of Arts in International Relations study with full responsibility and dedication by accomplishing any tasks, assignment, and project completely. First of all, I would like to say my highest thank to my father, Bapak Drs.Hery Suryadi B.Sc., M.M who always supports my education and motivates me to become stronger person in facing any challenges in my life. So that is why, I can accomplished this research project in fulfillment my graduation. Second of all, of course my mother Ibu Levia Minarni.S.E., M.pD and also sister, dr.Mira Andika. SpOG-KFM in john hopkins University School of Health Sciences. who always coloring my life and cheering me up in my worst. Also not forget, I would like to say my highest appreciation to Prof. Anak Agung Banyu Perwita, my thesis advisor that also my academic advisor and internship mentor who always to be patient in guiding my academic history since I first came to President University, only the word of "Best" that can explain who he is in my journey as bachelor student. Besides that, I also say thank to Mr.Teuku Rezasyah and Mr.Hendra Manurung as my Examiner and also best friend in discussion issues in International Relations. Thank you to the Big family of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights especially for Drs.Budi Priyatno M.A who has been my internship advisor in Division the Intelligence of Enforcing Immigration Information and Jurisdiction. many things and experiences that I got during there are especially helpful in my thesis research. My highest appreciation also go to all of my friends in IR batch 2013, especially for Defense Class 1&2 that become the best class that I have ever had. Besides that, to all Squad Kostan Hijau Berseri (Luky, Danar, Koko Richard, Jonathan, Koko Andri, Randa, Rosa, Afief, Dwiki and Andi) who already be my best friends for almost 4 years. and for My Girlfriend Leztita Fahlevi who is completing her international business studies at Amsterdam University College. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS Thesis Adviser Recommendation Letter ................................................... ii DECLARATION OF ORIGINALITY...................................................... ii ABSTRACT ............................................................................................ iii ABSTRAK .............................................................................................. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS ....................................................................... vii LIST OF FIGURES .................................................................................. x LIST OF TABLES .................................................................................. xi CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ............................................................... 1 1. Background of the Study ......................................................... 1 1.2. Problem Identification ............................................................. 6 1.3. Statement of Problem .............................................................. 8 1.4. Research Objective .................................................................. 8 1.5. Significance of Study ............................................................... 9 1.6. Theoretical Framework ............................................................ 9 1.6.1. Realism .............................................................................. 10 1.6.2. Foreign Policy .................................................................... 12 1.6.3. Maritime Security ............................................................... 13 1.7. Literature Review .................................................................. 15 1.8. Thesis Structure ..................................................................... 16 vii Chapter I - Introduction: .................................................................. 17 Chapter II -The Geo-Strategic Location of Natuna Island ................. 18 Chapter III China Militarily and Diplomatically Assertivenes on ..... 18 Chapter IV The Implementation of Indonesia Militarily and Diplomaticallly in Countering China on Natuna Island .................... 18 Chapter V Conclusion ................................................................... 18 CHAPTER II THE GEO-STRATEGIC IMPORTANCE OF NATUNA ISLAND TO INDONESIA IN THE DISPUTE OF SOUTH CHINA SEA (2014- 2016) ................................................................................................................. 19 2.1. The Strategic Importance of Natuna Island to Indonesia in South China Sea Dispute (2014-2016). ...................................................... 19 2.1.1. The Strategic Importance of Natuna Island to Indonesia's Security Interest ............................................................................... 21 2.1.2. .The Strategic Importance of Natuna Island to Indonesia's Political Interest. .............................................................................. 26 2.1.3. The Strategic Importance of Natuna Island to Indonesia's Economic Interest. ........................................................................... 28 2.2. People's Republic of China Asssertiveness in Natuna Island (2014-2016) ....................................................................................
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