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KARAKTER MORFOLOGI SERANGGA Lamiinae (Apomecynini) DI DESA KEMUNING MUDA KABUPATEN SIAK PROVINSI RIAU

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KARAKTER MORFOLOGI SERANGGA Lamiinae (Apomecynini) DI DESA KEMUNING MUDA KABUPATEN SIAK PROVINSI RIAU KARAKTER MORFOLOGI SERANGGA Lamiinae (Apomecynini) DI DESA KEMUNING MUDA KABUPATEN SIAK PROVINSI RIAU Rahayu Wulandari 1), Ennie Chahyadi S.Si., M.Si2) 1)Mahasiswa Program Studi S1 Biologi 2)Dosen Bidang Zoologi Jurusan Biologi Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Riau Kampus Bina Widya Pekanbaru. 28293, Indonesia rahayuwulandari.riau @gmail.com ABSTRACT One of Indonesia’s riches is the biodiversity of fauna from the insect class in the order of beetles. The largest family of beetles that can be found in various habitats is the family Cerambycidae, subfamily Lamiinae. Lamiinae is the most common subfamily found in several forest areas in Indonesia that have high heterogeneity, one of which is in Siak District. This study aimed to determine the morphological characteristics of Lamiinae insects (Apomecynini) in several different lands in Kemuning Muda Village Siak Regency, Riau Province. This research was conducted using Artocarpus traps. The samples were collected and then taken to the laboratory for the identification process based on morphological characteristics such as head, chest, stomach and body. The results showed that there were 4 individuals consisting of two species each, namely Ropica marmorata and Sybra borneotica. The subfamily Lamiinae (Apomecynini) beetle species in the village of Kemuning Muda had varied morphological characteristics such as antenna length, elytra color and elytra tips. Key words: Cerambycidae, Lamiinae, Morphology, Riau. ABSTRAK Salah satu kekayaan Indonesia adalah keanekaragaman hayati fauna dari kelas insekta pada ordo kumbang. Famili kumbang yang terbesar dan banyak dijumpai diberbagai habitat adalah Famili Cerambycidae Subfamili Lamiinae. Lamiinae merupakan subfamili yang paling umum ditemukan di beberapa kawasan hutan Indonesia yang memiliki heterogenitas yang tinggi, salah satunya seperti di Kabupaten Siak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakter morfologi serangga Lamiinae (Apomecynini) dibeberapa lahan yang berbeda pada Desa Kemuning Muda Kabupaten Siak Provinsi Riau. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan perangkap Artocarpus. Sampel kumbang yang terkoleksi kemudian dibawa ke laboratorium untuk dilakukan proses identifikasi berdasarkan karakter morfologinya seperti kepala, dada, perut dan tubuh. Hasil yang didapat dari penelitian ini sebanyak 4 individu yang terdiri atas dua spesies masing-masing yaitu Ropica marmorata dan Sybra borneotica. Spesies kumbang Subfamili Lamiinae (Apomecynini) di Desa 1 Kemuning Muda memiliki karakter morfologi yang bervariasi seperti panjang antena, warna elytra dan ujung elytra. Kata kunci: Cerambycidae, Lamiinae, Morfologi, Riau. PENDAHULUAN dibandingkan dengan subfamili lainnya (Cerambycinae dan Proninae). Namun, Indonesia merupakan negara yang belum ada informasi subfamili tersebut di memiliki keanekaragaman hayati yang kawasan hutan Provinsi Riau. berlimpah. Salah satunya adalah kumbang Kabupaten Siak merupakan salah yang termasuk ke dalam Ordo Coleoptera satu kawasan di Provinsi Riau yang pada Kelas Insekta. Salah satu famili memiliki heterogenitas vegetasi yang kumbang yang terbesar dan banyak tinggi. Menurut Noerdjito (2010), dijumpai diberbagai habitat adalah populasi kumbang antena panjang kumbang dari Famili Cerambycidae. dipengaruhi oleh tipe habitat. Belum ada Kumbang ini juga dikenal dengan sebutan informasi ataupun penelitian tentang kumbang cerambycid yang terdapat jenis-jenis dari serangga Lamiinae sekitar 35.000 spesies di dunia (Nearns (Apomecynini) di Desa Kemuning Muda 2013). Sementara itu di Indonesia Kabupaten Siak Provinsi Riau. Oleh keberadaanya sekitar 800 spesies. karena itu, perlu dan menarik untuk Kumbang cerambycid dapat ditemukan dilakukan penelitian mengenai karakter diberbagai jenis pohon, baik sebelum morfologi serangga Lamiinae ataupun sesudah lapuk dan mulai lapuk (Apomecynini) di Desa Kemuning Muda (Hank 1999; Raje et al 2012). Secara Kabupaten Siak Provinsi Riau. umum kumbang cerambycid memiliki cirri-ciri morfologi yang khas yaitu METODE PENELITIAN panjang antena lebih panjang dari ukuran tubuhnya. Salah satu subfamili dari Penelitian ini dilakukan pada kumbang cerambycid adalah Subfamili bulan April sampai dengan Agustus Lamiinae. 2019. Sampel diambil dari lahan Subfamili Lamiinae merupakan perkebunan masyarakat yang terletak di subfamili yang paling umum ditemukan Desa Kemuning Muda. Penentuan lokasi di beberapa kawasan hutan Indonesia, penelitian berdasarkan pada perbedaan seperti di Gunung Mekong, Sulawesi tingkat penggunaan lahan yaitu areal Tenggara (Amirullah, et al. 2014); Taman kebun karet, kebun sawit, pemukiman dan Nasional Lore Lindu, Sulawesi Tengah sawah. Identifikasi sampel dan analisis (Fahri dan Sataral, 2015); Desa Barau data dilakukan di Laboratorium Zoologi Kalimantan Timur (Sugiarto et al., 2016); Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Provinsi Jambi (Fahri et al., 2016); Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Riau. Gunung Walat Jawa Barat (Sataral et al., Alat yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini 2015); serta di Kebun Raya Bogor antara lain alat tulis, kamera, GPS, (Noerdjito 2010). Lamiinae memang Termometer, Higrometer, meteran, oven, memiliki penyebaran yang lebih luas jika pemukul ukuran 1 m, tali rafiah, parang, 2 gunting, pinset, sterofoam, kotak koleksi, mikroskop stereo, frezeer, jarum serangga, kain putih ukuran 100 cm x 100 cm, dan botol koleksi. Bahan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah alkohol 70%, cabang pohon nangka, lem serangga, kertas papilot, kertas point, label dan buku identifikasi. Pengamatan dan koleksi kumbang cerambycid dilakukan dengan cara pengumpulan spesimen kumbang Deskripsi : Panjang antena 8 mm, posisi menggunakan perangkap Artocarpus kepala hipognat, antena berbentuk (Noerdjito 2008). Sampel dibawa ke filiform, panjang kepala 1 mm, antena laboratorium untuk pembuatan berjumlah 11 segmen, skapus antena insektarium, selanjutnya kumbang tidak memiliki apical carina, elytra cerambycid diidentifikasi berdasarkan berwarna coklat keemasan dengan bercak karakter morfologinya seperti kepala, kuning keemasan memanjang dari dada, perut dan tubuh. Identifikasi spesies pangkal hingga tengah, elytra berbentuk kumbang cerambycid merujuk pada buku silindris memanjang dengan ujung Samuelson (1965), Makihara (1999), membulat, permukaan pronotum halus Makihara et al. (2002), Makihara & dan tidak memiliki lateral tubercle, Noerdjito (2004), Heffern (2013) dan panjang pronotum 1 mm, skutelum Sataral (2015). berbentuk segitiga berwarna hitam, panjang toraks 2 mm, abdomen berjumlah HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN 5 segmen dan berwarna coklat hitam, panjang abdomen 3 mm, bentuk tubuh Hasil koleksi kumbang silindris memanjang dengan panjang cerambycid Subfamili Lamiinae tubuh 5 mm. (Kode Spesimen: (Apomecynini) di Desa Kemuning Muda RM1KSKK19. Waktu Koleksi: 2019). didapatkan sebanyak 4 individu yang terdiri atas dua spesies Ropica marmorata 2. Sybra borneotica dan Sybra borneotica yang masing- masing berjumlah dua individu. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan morfologi dari kedua spesies kumbang tersebut memiliki variasi karakter morfologi pada bagian kepala, dada, perut dan tubuhnya. 1. Ropica marmorata 3 Deskripsi : Panjang antena 10 mm, posisi Sulawesi Tenggara. Biowallacea. kepala hipognat, antena berbentuk 1(1):16-24. filiform, panjang kepala 1 mm, antena berjumlah 11 segmen, skapus antena Fahri dan Sataral M., 2015. Longhorn tidak memiliki apical carina, elytra Beetle (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) berwarna hitam dengan bintik putih in Enclave Area, Lore Lindu dipermukaan elytra, elytra berbentuk National Park, Central Sulawesi. silindris memanjang dengan ujung lancip, Online Jurnal of Natural Science permukaan pronotum halus dan tidak Vol 4(2) :149-157. meiliki lateral tubercle, panjang Fahri,Atmowidi T.,Noerdjito W. A., pronotum 1 mm, skutelum berbentuk 2016. Diversity and Abundance of segitiga berwarna hitam, panjang toraks 2 Cerambycid Beetles in the Four mm, abdomen berjumlah 6 segmen dan Major Land-use Types Found in berwarna hitam, panjang abdomen 3 mm, Jambi Province, Indonesia. HAYATI bentuk tubuh silindris memanjang dengan Journal of Biosciences 23. panjang tubuh 5 mm. (Kode Spesimen: SB1PK19. Waktu Koleksi: 2019). Hanks LM. 1999. Influence of the larval host plant on reproductive strategies PENUTUP of Cerambycid beetles. Annu Rev Entomol.483-505. Kesimpulan Heffern DJ. 2013. A Catalog and Kumbang Cerambycid Subfamili Bibliography of Longhorned Beetles Lamiinae (Apomecynini) yang from Borneo (Coleoptera: didapatkan pada Desa Kemuning Muda Cerambycidae, Disteniidae and berjumlah 4 individu terdiri dari dua Vesperidae) [bibliografi]. spesies yaitu Ropica marmorata dan Electronic Version, 2013.1. Sybra borneotica masing-masing berjumlah dua individu. Spesies kumbang Makihara H. 1999. Atlas of longicorn subfamili Lamiinae (Apomecynini) di beetles in Bukit Soeharto Education Kemuning Muda memiliki karakter Forest, Mulawarman University, morfologi yang bervariasi seperti pada East Kalimantan, panjang antena, warna elytra dan ujung Indonesia.PUSREHUT elytra. SpecialPublication. 7:1-40. Makihara H, WA Noerdjito, Sugiharto. DAFTAR PUSTAKA 2002. Longicorn Beetles from Gunung Halimun National Park, Amirullah, Ariani C, Suriana. 2014. West Java, Indonesia from 1997- Keanekaragaman kumbang 2002 (Coleoptera, Disteniidae and Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) di Cerambycidae). Bull FFPRI. kawasan Gunung Mekongga Desa 1(3):189-223. Tinukari Kecamatan Wawo Kabupaten Kolaka Utara Provinsi 4 Makihara H, WA Noerdjito. 2004. Samuelson GA. 1965. The Cerambycidae Longicorn beetles
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