DOCSLIB.ORG

Greece Was One of the Most Important Places in the World

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Greece Was One of the Most Important Places in the World About 2,500 years ago, Greece was one of the most important places in the world. Copyright © 2018. National Geographic and the Yellow Border Ancient Greece are registered trademarks of the National Geographic Society. Geography MAP 480 Greece is made up of a peninsula EUROPE at the southernmost tip of Europe I A and many islands scattered across N D O the Aegean and Adriatic seas. E ASIA It is mountainous with hot, dry C ATLANTIC summers and rain only in winter. A OCEAN Mount Olympus was M believed to be the home of AFRICA the gods. It is the highest mountain in Greece. Troy INDIAN Mount . OCEAN Olympus Aegean Sea Marathon was the site of a great battle in 490 B.C. The outnumbered Greeks defeated GREECE the Persian army. A messenger ran to Athens to spread the victory news. This is PERSIAN Delphi was one of the holiest the origin of the marathon running race. places in ancient Greece. Ships and Trade EMPIRE The ancient Greeks relied on the ocean for food, trade, and Ionian Sea . Delphi exploration. Greek sailors had small rowboats for fishing, big Marathon trading ships, and fast warships. Athens Olympia was home to the ancient Mycenae Olympic Games. Athletes came Olympia . from all over Greece to compete. Only a very powerful ruler could Sparta was a place of soldiers. Boys left their control all of Greece. One man did in families at age seven to train for decades. Sparta the 300s B.C. He was Alexander the Those who completed their training were . Great, from Macedonia. He led his The Mycenaeans considered true Spartan soldiers and citizens. Athens was a key place in army to conquer an empire that The Mycenaeans were a Greece from 500 to 400 B.C. stretched as far as India. great civilization of traders M Some of Greece’s most and soldiers on the E important thinkers, artists, mainland from 1600 to D and writers lived here. 1100 B.C. They famously I Athens was also the world’s T first democracy. fought in the battle E R of Troy. Homer, an R A important Greek N E writer, told their A Knossos was the oldest N city and the center of story in his books S Legend has it that Knossos N E A the Minoan civilization. the Iliad and the was home to a man-eating Odyssey. W E 0 25 50 100 Kilometers bull, called the Minotaur. It roamed the palace labyrinth, S 0 25 50 62.14 an elaborate maze. .Knossos This mask is probably were the first great Greek civilization. the most famous artifact The Minoans C R E T E of Mycenaean Greece. They lived on the island of Crete, from 2200 to 1450 B.C. They were named after their legendary king, Minos. (MAP) ROBERT PRATT, (SHIP, MARATHON RUNNER, MINOTAUR ART) STEVE MCCRACKEN, (MAP INSET) MAPPING SPECIALISTS, LTD., (GOLD MASK) (GOLD LTD., (MAP INSET) MAPPING SPECIALISTS, MCCRACKEN, STEVE ART) RUNNER, MINOTAUR MARATHON (SHIP, PRATT, (MAP) ROBERT FOTOSTOCK GARCIA/AGE GOMEZ PACO (ALEXANDER THE GREAT) IMAGES, LIBRARY/GETTY PICTURE AGOSTINI VERGANI/DE DE AGOSTINI/A..
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Greek City-State Greek the the Greece
    NAME _________________________________________ DATE _____________ CLASS _______ The Ancient Greeks Lesson 1 Rise of Greek Civilization ESSENTIAL QUESTION GUIDING QUESTIONS How does geography influence the way 1. How did physical geography influence the lives of the people live? early Greeks? 2. How did the civilization of the Minoans develop? 3. How did the Mycenaeans gain power in the Mediterranean? 4. How did early Greeks spread their culture? 5. How did Greek city-states create the idea of citizenship? Where in the world? Terms to Know MACEDONIA peninsula a piece of land nearly surrounded by water Mt. Olympus Troy bard someone who writes or KEY performs epic poems or stories Ancient Greece about heroes and their deeds GREECE Aegean Ionian colony a group of people living in Sea Sea ASIA MINOR a new territory with close ties to their homeland; the new territory Athens itself PELOPONNESUS polis a Greek city-state Sparta agora a gathering place or marketplace in ancient Greece N phalanx a group of armed foot Sea of Crete soldiers in ancient Greece arranged E Knossos W close together in rows 0 100 miles Mediterranean Crete S 0 100 km Sea Lambert Azimuthal Equal-Area projection When did it happen? Copyright by McGraw-Hill Education. 2500 b.c. 2000 b.c. 1500 b.c. 1000 b.c. 500 b.c. DOPW (Discovering our Past - World) RESG Chapter 7 Map Title: Ancient Greece File Name: C04-01A-NGS-824133_A_RESG.ai Map Size: 25p6 x 20p0 2500 b.c. Minoan 2000 b.c. 1450 b.c. 1100 b.c. 750 b.c.
    [Show full text]
  • Who Were the Ancient Greeks? the Ancient Greeks
    Who were the Ancient Greeks? The Ancient Greeks • The Ancient Greeks were people who lived in Greece from around 3,500 BC. • They also lived in the north and east in lands that we now call Bulgaria and Turkey. • Some lived in small rocky islands in the Aegean Sea. This timeline shows some key events that happened in Ancient Greece. 508 BC Democracy in Athens begins. 450 BC 432 BC 146 BC ‘Democracy’ is Athens becomes a The Parthenon in Athens 404 BC Romans said to be one of very powerful city is finished being built. Sparta defeats conquer 455 AD the Ancient 2020 AD and controls an Athens. Greece. End of End of Roman Greeks’ greatest PRESENT DAY. empire! Greek empire. empire. ideas. 1896 AD 776 BC 490 BC 440’s BC 431 BC – 404 BC 0 AD Modern The first Olympic Greeks defeat Greek theatre War between Athens Jesus Christ was born Olympic games. Persian invades at thrives in Athens. and Sparta. games begin. the battle of Many of the most Marathon. famous Greek plays are written. BC- Before Christ AD- Anno Domini (After Christ) • By 500 BC the Greek world was large, rich and powerful. • It stretched from France to Turkey. • The Greeks were very talented people. • They had good laws and strong armies. How am I different from a soldier today? • The Greeks built beautiful temples and theatres. • They were great thinkers, artists and athletes. The ruins of a historical Greek temple. Greek life • Ancient Greece had a warm, • Most wealthy Greek dry climate, as Greece does households had slaves.
    [Show full text]
  • A Printable PDF Copy of the 4-Page CENTURIES
    A Timeline of Major Dates in Western Cultural History – to 1900 500s BC Rise of Greek philosophy in Ionia + Southern Italy / Jewish culture in the East Secularist-Materialists : Thales (early 500s), Anaximander (early 500s), Anaximines (mid 500s) Transcendentalist-Mystics : Pythagoras (mid-late 500s), Solon reforms Athens' constitution along democratic lines (early 500s) Cleisthenes reforms Athens along more fully democratic lines (late 500s) Jewish prophets Isaiah and Jeremiah and their disciples refine monotheistic Judaism 400s BC Golden Age of Greece + Hellenic culture / the “Age of Pericles” in Athens Athenians under Themistocles and Miltiades defeat Darius at Marathon (490) Persians more decisively defeated at Salamis (480 BC) and Platea (479 BC) Mystics : Heraclitus (early 400s), Parmenides (early 400s) Materialists : Anaxagoras (mid 400s), Democritus (late 400s - early 300s) Sophists : Protagoras (mid 400s) Socrates (late 400s) Pericles turns the Delan League into an Athenian empire (ca. 460-430 BC) Athens and its allies fight Sparta and its allies in the Peloponnesian Wars (431-404 BC) destroying Athens, devastating the rest of Greece and ending the Golden Age of Greece 300s BC Decline of Classic Hellenic-Greek culture / Rise of Alexander and Hellenistic culture Plato (early 300s) and Aristotle (mid 300s) Cynics/Skeptics : Diogenes (early 300s), Pyrrho of Ellis (late 300s), Macedonian/Greek Alexander the Great conquers from the Nile to the Indus (334-323 BC) Hellenistic (mixture of Greek + Eastern) culture is thus born At his
    [Show full text]
  • Ancient Rome and Early Christianity, 500 B.C.-A.D. 500
    Ancient Rome and Early Christianity, 500 B.C.-A.D. 500 Previewing Main Ideas POWER AND AUTHORITY Rome began as a republic, a government in which elected officials represent the people. Eventually, absolute rulers called emperors seized power and expanded the empire. Geography About how many miles did the Roman Empire stretch from east to west? EMPIRE BUILDING At its height, the Roman Empire touched three continents—Europe, Asia, and Africa. For several centuries, Rome brought peace and prosperity to its empire before its eventual collapse. Geography Why was the Mediterranean Sea important to the Roman Empire? RELIGIOUS AND ETHICAL SYSTEMS Out of Judea rose a monotheistic, or single-god, religion known as Christianity. Based on the teachings of Jesus of Nazareth, it soon spread throughout Rome and beyond. Geography What geographic features might have helped or hindered the spread of Christianity throughout the Roman Empire? INTERNET RESOURCES • Interactive Maps Go to classzone.com for: • Interactive Visuals • Research Links • Maps • Interactive Primary Sources • Internet Activities • Test Practice • Primary Sources • Current Events • Chapter Quiz 152 153 What makes a successful leader? You are a member of the senate in ancient Rome. Soon you must decide whether to support or oppose a powerful leader who wants to become ruler. Many consider him a military genius for having gained vast territory and wealth for Rome. Others point out that he disobeyed orders and is both ruthless and devious. You wonder whether his ambition would lead to greater prosperity and order in the empire or to injustice and unrest. ▲ This 19th-century painting by Italian artist Cesare Maccari shows Cicero, one of ancient Rome’s greatest public speakers, addressing fellow members of the Roman Senate.
    [Show full text]
  • Eschatology and the Last Days (Handout No 5)
    Eschatology with Pastor Scott, Handout #5 The Destruction of Jerusalem I. Israel’s context1 A. Size: between Vermont and Maryland B. Reason for invasion: land bridge connecting present-day Europe, Africa, and Asia C. Previous destruction/invasions: 1. Egyptians (926 BC) 2. Assyrians (721 BC) 3. Babylonians (597 BC) 4. Persians (539 BC) 5. Greeks (late 300s BC) 6. Romans (63 BC) D. Greek invasion and conquest 1. Alexander the Great a. Established Alexandria in Egypt (331 BC) b. Marched to Babylon (323 BC) c. Upon death in 323 BC has kingdom divided among his generals 2. Alexandrian generals a. Seleucid dynasty in Syria b. Ptolemaic dynasty in Egypt 3. Israel control by Greece a. Palestine annexed to Ptolemy I in 320 BC b. Israel allowed free worship under Ptolemy I c. Antiochus III the Great (Seleucid) annexed Israel to Syria in 198 BC i. Seleucids worked to acculturate Jews to Greek religion/culture (i.e., Hellenization) d. Antiochus IV Epiphanes captured Jerusalem in 175 BC i. Temple plundered ii. Citizens murdered iii. Sabbath observance outlawed iv. Circumcision outlawed v. Possession of scriptures outlawed 4. Revolt by the Maccabees a. Lasted 7+ years, from 167-160 BC b. Led by Judah Maccabee c. Recaptured Jerusalem in 164 BC d. Cleansing and rededication of the temple e. In 140 BC, the revolt succeeded under Judah Maccabee’s brother, Jonathan Apphus, in finally expelling Greek influence from the Palestinian region altogether 1 For more information on the sociocultural and religious context of Judaism in the 1st C., see Anthony J. Tomasino, Judaism Before Jesus: The Events & Ideas That Shaped the New Testament World Eschatology with Pastor Scott, Handout #5 5.
    [Show full text]
  • Aristotle's Journey to Europe: a Synthetic History of the Role Played
    Aristotle’s Journey to Europe: A Synthetic History of the Role Played by the Islamic Empire in the Transmission of Western Educational Philosophy Sources from the Fall of Rome through the Medieval Period By Randall R. Cloud B.A., Point Loma Nazarene University, 1977 M.A., Point Loma University, 1979 M. Div., Nazarene Theological Seminary, 1982 Submitted to the: School of Education Department of Educational Leadership and Policy Studies Program: Educational Policy and Leadership Concentration: Foundations of Education and the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Kansas in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Dissertation Committee: _______________________________________ Suzanne Rice, Chairperson _______________________________________ Ray Hiner _______________________________________ Jim Hillesheim _______________________________________ Marc Mahlios _______________________________________ Sally Roberts Dissertation Defended: November 6, 2007 The Dissertation Committee for Randall R. Cloud certifies that this is the approved version of the following dissertation: Aristotle’s Journey to Europe: A Synthetic History of the Role Played by the Islamic Empire in the Transmission of Western Educational Philosophy Sources from the Fall of Rome through the Medieval Period Dissertation Committee: _______________________________________ Suzanne Rice, Chairperson _______________________________________ Ray Hiner _______________________________________ Jim Hillesheim _______________________________________
    [Show full text]
  • The Ancient Library at Alexandria: Embracing the Excellent, Avoiding Its Fate
    The Ancient Library at Alexandria: Embracing the Excellent, Avoiding its Fate Gerald Franz In the year 331 BC, Alexander the Great stood with There were two parts of this new institution, a some of his advisors in the small Egyptian fishing vil- Museum (dedicated to the 9 muses, who were divine lage of Rhakotis on the Nile delta. Here Alexander female patrons and promoters of the arts), and the Li- decided to found a new city and name it after his fa- brary.3 The Museum served as the educational wing of vorite person, himself. Those with him had no chalk the Library, with classrooms and study centers, even to sketch the borders and roads, so they trailed a thin a communal dining hall. The walls and hallways were line of barley flour from sacks. When birds descended well decorated with paintings and statues. The Library from everywhere to consume the meal, Alexander held the collection, which was dispersed through sev- thought this was a bad omen. Not so, his advisors said. eral wings and porticos according to different disci- Like the flour to the birds, they prophesied, Alexan- plines.4 dria will one day attract many and be a feeder and nurse to the world.1 And they were correct. The Growth and Development of the Library There was plenty of drama concerning the Library, ac- The Library at Alexandria cording to the ancient sources. By the time of Ptolemy When Alexander died eight years later, Ptolemy, one III, Alexandria required every trading ship in their of his celebrated generals, was able to secure the part docks to turn over their scrolls and books for copying.
    [Show full text]
  • Who Were the Ancient Greeks?
    Who were the Ancient Greeks? Find out a little bit more about the Ancient Greeks by reading the information below and answering the comprehension questions: Where Western civilisation began: The Ancient Greeks were people who lived in Greece from around 3,500 BC. Ancient Greece is called 'the birthplace of Western civilisation' because the Greeks created a way of life that other people admired and copied. The Romans copied Greek art and Greek gods, for example. The Ancient Greeks tried out democracy, started the Olympic Games and left new ideas in science, art and philosophy (thinking about life). The Ancient Greeks lived in mainland Greece and the Greek islands, but also in what is now Turkey, and in colonies scattered around the Mediterranean Sea coast. There were Greeks in Italy, Sicily, North Africa and as far west as France. Sailing the sea to trade and find new land, Greeks took their way of life to many places. What was ancient Greece like? Ancient Greece had a warm, dry climate, as Greece does today. People lived by farming, fishing, and trade. Some were soldiers. Others were scholars, scientists or artists. Most Greeks lived in villages or in small cities. There were beautiful temples with stone columns and statues, and open-air theatres where people sat to watch plays. Many Greeks were poor. Life was hard because farmland, water and timber for building were all scarce. That's why many Greeks sailed off to find new lands to settle. How was Greece ruled? There was not one country called "Ancient Greece." Instead, there were small 'city-states'.
    [Show full text]
  • Ancient Greek Kingdoms
    Topic – Friday 2nd October 2020 Ancient Greece Athens: Between 500BC and 400BC, Athens was How was Greece ruled? Here’s a map of the area that was part of Ancient Greece: the most important city in the world. There was never one country called Many of ancient Greece's greatest ‘ancient Greece’. Instead, Greece was thinkers, artists and writers lived here. divided up into small city-states, like At the centre of Athens is a rocky hill Athens, Sparta, Corinth and Olympia. called the Acropolis. This was the site of Each city-state ruled itself. They had the city’s most important temples. The their own governments, laws and largest temple was called the Parthenon. army. So, ancient Greeks living in Inside there was a stunning gold and Sparta considered themselves Spartan ivory statue of the goddess of the city, first, and Greek second. Athena. The city-states didn’t get on very well Athens was also the world's first and often fought each another. democracy. Instead of being ruled by a However, sometimes they joined king, Athenian citizens would meet to together to fight against a bigger decide how the city should be run. enemy, like the Persian Empire. However, not everyone got a say - Only a very powerful ruler could women, slaves and foreigners were not control all Greece. One man did in the allowed to vote. 300s BC. He was Alexander the Great, from Macedonia. Alexander led his army to conquer an empire that stretched as far as Afghanistan and India. Sparta: The Spartans were very serious soldiers and they spent their entire lives training for battle.
    [Show full text]
  • World History Unit 4
    SECTION 3 Alexander the Great What You Will Learn… If YOU were there... Main Ideas RhnZk^Zlhe]b^kbgma^fhlmihp^k_neZkfrbgma^phke]'Bgcnlm 1. Macedonia conquered ^b`amr^Zkl%rhnZg]rhnk_^eehplhe]b^klaZo^\hgjn^k^]Zg Greece in the 300s BC. ^ghkfhnl^fibk^'Ghprhnk`^g^kZepZgmlmhinla_Zkma^kbgmh 2. Alexander the Great built an empire that united much of ngdghpgeZg]lbgl^Zk\ah_`k^Zm^k`ehkr';nmrhnÍk^mahnlZg]lh_ Europe, Asia, and Egypt. fbe^l_khfahf^%Zg]rhnaZo^gÍml^^grhnk_Zfberbgr^Zkl' 3. The Hellenistic kingdoms formed from Alexander’s Do you agree to go on fi ghting? Why or why not? empire blended Greek and other cultures. The Big Idea Alexander the Great built a ;NBE=BG@;:<D@KHNG= The world’s most powerful army in the huge empire and helped spread 300s BC was from Macedonia, a kingdom just north of Greece. The Greek culture into Egypt and Greeks had long dismissed the Macedonians as unimportant. They Asia. thought of the Macedonians as barbarians because they lived in small villages and spoke a strange form of the Greek language. But Key Terms and People the Greeks underestimated the Macedonians, barbarians or not. Philip II, p. 272 phalanx, p. 273 Alexander the Great, p. 274 Hellenistic, p. 275 BVXZYdc^V8dcfjZgh<gZZXZ In 359 BC E]^a^e>> became king of Macedonia. Philip spent the fi rst year of his rule fi ghting off invaders who wanted to take over his kingdom. Once he defeated the invaders, Use the graphic organizer online to he was ready to launch invasions of his own.
    [Show full text]
  • From Apasas to Ephesus Selcuk
    phesus Selçuk located on the western edge of the Aegean FROM APASAS TO EPHESUS SELCUK Region of Turkey, lies 73 New excavations in Çukuriçi was probably situated on the Ekilometers South of İzmir on the İzmir-Aydın highway, and 9 kilome- Hüyük take Ephesus Ayasuluk Hill. ters east of Pamucak, which is on the Selcuk back approx- Legend says that Ephesus seashore and has clean natural sandy imately 8600 years. was founded on the slopes beaches and crystal clear waters. Here, a settlement that of the Mount Panayır in Ephesus Selcuk has an area of 295 lasted until the end around 1000 BC by Androk- square kilometers. The region enjoys of the Bronze Age los, the son of the king of a typical Mediterranean climate. begins a journey to Athens, Kodros. This city’s The cultivation of cotton, olives, today’s Ayasuluk Hill, population was made up of grapes, peaches and citrus fruits is the driving force in the economy, in the middle of mod- Anato- lian peoples, in addition to the tourism industry. ern Ephesus Selcuk a The town can about 10.000 visitors. journey that still goes Ephesus Selcuk, the beginning of on… whose history date back to 6000 B. Apasas, a city mentioned in C., is an important center for three Hittite documents relating to sus. Findings from religions, all of which spread throu- the second half of the second the excavations ghout the world. It was first a center millenium BC, was probably on Ayasuluk Hill of pagan worship in the polytheist located in an area near Ephe- world of antiquity.
    [Show full text]
  • Daniel Chapter 11
    Daniel Chapter 11 Pastor Matt Postiff Timing of Chapter 11 • 11:1 looks back two years, to the first year of Darius the Mede. At that time, Daniel had prayed (ch. 9). Cyrus issued a decree and Jews started to return to Israel. • Daniel is recording this in 536 B.C., two to three years into the reign of Darius and his boss, Cyrus the Great. 2 Outline of Chapter 11 • The rule of Persia, 1-2 • Rise and fall of Greece, 3-4 • Near-term conflict of the Kings of North and South, 5-35 • Far-term conflict of Antichrist and King of the South, 36-45 3 Who’s Who? • Verse 1 offers a slight difficulty with the pronoun him. Who is it—Darius? • I take it that it refers back to Michael. The meaning is that archangel Michael was strengthened by this messenger angel, probably Gabriel, in his support of Israel in the rule of Darius and Cyrus. 4 The Truth of This is Emphasized • The emphasis on truth in 10:1, 10:21, and 11:2 is notable. Why does God put it here? • Chapter 11 is perhaps the most attacked chapter in the Bible by unbelievers, because of its precise predictions of future movements of kingdoms – all which have been fulfilled. 5 By the Way… • All of chapter 11’s predictions were written down prior to the events—by hundreds of years. • What’s more, some of the events were occurring as Daniel manuscripts were likely sitting in caves in Qumran (at the Dead Sea).
    [Show full text]