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Physiological Ecology of Porphyra Sporophytes: Growth, Photosynthesis, Respiration and Pigments

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Physiological Ecology of Porphyra Sporophytes: Growth, Photosynthesis, Respiration and Pigments Physiological ecology of Porphyra sporophytes: growth, photosynthesis, respiration and pigments Item Type Thesis Authors Lin, Rulong Download date 25/09/2021 23:11:54 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/11122/5234 PHYSIOLOGICAL ECOLOGY OF PORPHYRA SPOROPHYTES: GROWTH, PHOTOSYNTHESIS, RESPIRATION AND PIGMENTS By Rulong Lin J / i ■> RECOMMENDED: /si, l J - x£. -■'i/L-'Ci ■ A .'-' t Advisory Committee Chair Director, Fineries Division APPROVED: W' i - --------------------------------- Dean, SchooLyf Fisheries and Ocean Sciences I i Dean of the Graduate' School / / i j :i Date PHYSIOLOGICAL ECOLOGY OF PORPHYRA SPOROPHYTES: GROWTH. PHOTOSYNTHESIS, RESPIRATION AND PIGMENTS A THESIS Presented to the Faculty of the University of Alaska Fairbanks in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY By Rulong Lin, B.S., M.S. Juneau, Alaska May 2000 Abstract Growth, photosynthesis, respiration and photosynthetic pigments of the sporophytic stage for Alaskan Porphyra species were investigated in response to various environmental variables. Optimal conchocelis growth (7.6% volume increase d '1) of P. abbottae (Pa) occurred at 11°C, 80 //mol photons m"2 s '1 and 30ppt salinity. Porphyra torta (Pt) grew best (6.5% d '1) at 15°C, 80 //mol photons m"2 s_I and 30ppt. Porphyrapseudolinearis (Pi) generally had higher growth rates with optimal growth (8.8% d '1) occurring at 7°C, 160 //mol photons m '2 s '1 and 30ppt. Salinities between 20 and 40ppt and irradiances between 20 and 160 //mol photons m '2 s '1 generally had little effect on growth rates, but there was virtually no growth at <10ppt. Plant hormones were shown to promote the growth of conchosporangia, which increased by 6.9-31.7% (for Pa), 4.7-25.7% for (Pe, P. pseudolanceolata) and 8.9-35.1 % for (Pi). Concentrations between 0.4-1.6ppm of kinetin and indole-3-acetic acid at higher temperatures generally had higher stimulatory effects, but Pe had higher volume increase at lower temperatures. Irradiance, temperature and salinity influenced photosynthesis of the conchocelis. P-I curves, Pmax, Imaxand Ic varied with temperature and species. Higher photosynthesis generally occurred at 25-35ppt salinities. Pa had maximal photosynthesis at 11°C and 60 //mol photons m"2 s '1, whereas Pi and Pt had maximal photosynthesis at higher temperatures and irradiances. The highest photosynthesis (240 //mol production g dw"1 h"1) of Pa occurred at 1 1°C, 60 //mol photons m '2 s '1 and 30ppt. Pi and Pt had optimal photosynthetic rates (200 and 210, respectively) at 15°C, 120 //mol photons n r 2 s"1 and 30ppt. Conchocelis had lower respiration iv rates (30-35) at 7°C than at 11 and 15°C (45-58 //mol consumption g dw-1 I r 1). All three species exhibited lowest respiration at salinities between 25-35ppt. Phycoerythrin (PE), phycocvanin (PC), carotenoid (Ca) and chlorophyll a (Chi.a) contents were significantly affected by irradiance, nutrient concentration and culture duration. For Pa, Pi and Pt, maximal PE (63.2-95.1 mg/g.dw) and PC content (28.8-64.8 mg/g.dw) generally occurred at 10 //mol photons n r 2 s"1, f/4-f/2 nutrient concentration after 10-20 days, while Pe had highest PE (73.3 mg/g.dw) and PC content (70.2 mg/g.dw) at 10 //mol photons m"2 s"1, f nutrient concentration after 60 days. For all four species, highest Ca (3.4 - 6.3) and Chi. a content (3.6-8.1 mg/g.dw) generally occurred at 0-10 //mol photons m’2 s '1, f/2-f nutrient concentration after 20-30 days. More photosynthetic pigments were generally produced at 0-10 //mol photons m"2 s"1, f/4-f nutrient concentration. High irradiances, low nutrients and longer culture duration generally caused a decline of pigment content. I Table of Contents Abstract..........................................................................................................................................iii List of Figures .............................................................................................................................viii List of Tables ..............................................................................................................................xiv Acknowledgments .....................................................................................................................xvii Chapter 1. General Introduction ................................................................................................. 1 Literature Cited ............................................................................................................... 12 Chapter 2. Conchocelis Growth Of Three Indigenous Alaskan Porphyra Species: Response To Environmental Variables .....................................................................................22 Abstract.............................................................................................................................22 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 23 Materials and Methods .................................................................................................... 24 Results............................................................................................................................... 26 Discussion .........................................................................................................................29 Conclusions ...................................................................................................................... 31 Literature Cited ................................................................................................................32 Chapter 3. Effects Of Plant Hormones On Conchosporangia Growth Of Three Indigenous Alaskan Porphyra Species In Conjunction With Environmental Variables...42 Abstract.............................................................................................................................42 Introduction .44 vi Materials and Methods ....................................................................................................45 Results............................................................................................................................... 47 Discussion .........................................................................................................................51 Conclusions .......................................................................................................................54 Literature Cited ................................................................................................................55 Chapter 4. Photosynthesis And Respiration Of Three Indigenous Alaskan P o rp h yra Species: Response To Environmental Variables .....................................................................7] Abstract............................................................................................................................. 71 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 73 Materials and Methods .................................................................................................... 75 Results............................................................................................................................... 78 Discussion .........................................................................................................................85 Conclusions ...................................................................................................................... 91 Literature Cited ................................................................................................................93 Chapter 5. Photosynthetic Pigment Content Of Four Indigenous Alaskan P o rp h yra Species: Response To Environmental Variables ...................................................................116 Abstract........................................................................................................................... 116 Introduction .....................................................................................................................118 Materials and Methods .................................................................................................. 120 Results............................................................................................................................. 123 Discussion 131 Vll Conclusions .....................................................................................................................135 Literature Cited .............................................................................................................. 137 ! viii List of Figures Figure 2.1. Porphyra abbottae (Pa). Conchocelis growth as a function of salinity, irradiance and temperature ......................................................................................................... 37 Figure 2.2. Porphyra pseudolinearis (Pi). Conchocelis growth as a function of salinity, irradiance and temperature ..........................................................................................................38 Figure 2.3. Porphyra torta (Pt). Conchocelis growth as a function of salinity, irradiance and temperature ..........................................................................................................39 Figure 2.4. Comparison of pooled conchocelis growth rates of three species of P o rp h yra
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