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Heat Resistant Thermophilic Endospores in Cold Estuarine Sediments
Heat resistant thermophilic endospores in cold estuarine sediments Emma Bell Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy School of Civil Engineering and Geosciences Faculty of Science, Agriculture and Engineering February 2016 Abstract Microbial biogeography explores the spatial and temporal distribution of microorganisms at multiple scales and is influenced by environmental selection and passive dispersal. Understanding the relative contribution of these factors can be challenging as their effects can be difficult to differentiate. Dormant thermophilic endospores in cold sediments offer a natural model for studies focusing on passive dispersal. Understanding distributions of these endospores is not confounded by the influence of environmental selection; rather their occurrence is due exclusively to passive transport. Sediment heating experiments were designed to investigate the dispersal histories of various thermophilic spore-forming Firmicutes in the River Tyne, a tidal estuary in North East England linking inland tributaries with the North Sea. Microcosm incubations at 50-80°C were monitored for sulfate reduction and enriched bacterial populations were characterised using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, functional gene clone libraries and high-throughput sequencing. The distribution of thermophilic endospores among different locations along the estuary was spatially variable, indicating that dispersal vectors originating in both warm terrestrial and marine habitats contribute to microbial diversity in estuarine and marine environments. In addition to their persistence in cold sediments, some endospores displayed a remarkable heat-resistance surviving multiple rounds of autoclaving. These extremely heat-resistant endospores are genetically similar to those detected in deep subsurface environments, including geothermal groundwater investigated from a nearby terrestrial borehole drilled to >1800 m depth with bottom temperatures in excess of 70°C. -
Tratamiento Biológico Aerobio Para Aguas Residuales Con Elevada Conductividad Y Concentración De Fenoles
PROGRAMA DE DOCTORADO EN INGENIERÍA Y PRODUCCIÓN INDUSTRIAL Tratamiento biológico aerobio para aguas residuales con elevada conductividad y concentración de fenoles TESIS DOCTORAL Presentada por: Eva Ferrer Polonio Dirigida por: Dr. José Antonio Mendoza Roca Dra. Alicia Iborra Clar Valencia Mayo 2017 AGRADECIMIENTOS La sabiduría popular, a la cual recurro muchas veces, dice: “Es de bien nacido ser agradecido”… pues sigamos su consejo, aquí van los míos. En primer lugar quiero agradecer a mis directores la confianza depositada en mí y a Depuración de Aguas del Mediterráneo, especialmente a Laura Pastor y Silvia Doñate, la dedicación e ilusión puestas en el proyecto. Durante el desarrollo de esta Tesis Doctoral he tenido la inmensa suerte de contar con un grupo de personas de las que he aprendido muchísimo y que de forma desinteresada han colaborado en este trabajo, enriqueciéndolo enormemente. Gracias al Dr. Jaime Primo Millo, del Instituto Agroforestal Mediterráneo de la Universitat Politècnica de València, por el asesoramiento recibido y por permitirme utilizar los equipos de cromatografía de sus instalaciones. También quiero dar un agradecimiento especial a una de las personas de su equipo de investigación, ya que sin su ayuda, tiempo y enseñanzas en los primeros análisis realizados con esta técnica, no me hubiera sido posible llevar a cabo esta tarea con tanta facilidad…gracias Dra. Nuria Cabedo Escrig. Otra de las personas con las que he tenido la suerte de colaborar ha sido la Dra. Blanca Pérez Úz, del Departamento de Microbiología III de la Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Blanca, aunque no nos conocemos personalmente, tu profesionalidad y dedicación han permitido superar las barreras de la distancia…gracias. -
Corrosion of Carbon Steel by Bacteria from North
Corrosion of carbon steel by bacteria from North Sea offshore seawater injection systems: Laboratory investigation Marko Stipaničev, Florin Turcu, Loïc Esnault, Omar Rosas, Régine Basséguy, Magdalena Sztyler, Iwona B. Beech To cite this version: Marko Stipaničev, Florin Turcu, Loïc Esnault, Omar Rosas, Régine Basséguy, et al.. Corrosion of carbon steel by bacteria from North Sea offshore seawater injection systems: Laboratory investigation. Bioelectrochemistry, Elsevier, 2014, 97, pp.76-88. 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2013.09.006. hal-01913355 HAL Id: hal-01913355 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01913355 Submitted on 6 Nov 2018 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. OATAO is an open access repository that collects the work of Toulouse researchers and makes it freely available over the web where possible This is an author’s version published in: http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/20292 Official URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bioelechem.2013.09.006 To cite this version: Stipaničev, Marko and Turcu, Florin and Esnault, Loïc and Rosas, Omar and Basséguy, Régine and Sztyler, Magdalena and Beech, Iwona B. Corrosion of carbon steel by bacteria from North Sea offshore seawater injection systems: Laboratory investigation. -
Dispersal of Thermophilic Desulfotomaculum Endospores Into Baltic Sea Sediments Over Thousands of Years
The ISME Journal (2012), 1–13 & 2012 International Society for Microbial Ecology All rights reserved 1751-7362/12 www.nature.com/ismej ORIGINAL ARTICLE Dispersal of thermophilic Desulfotomaculum endospores into Baltic Sea sediments over thousands of years Ju´ lia Rosa de Rezende1, Kasper Urup Kjeldsen1, Casey RJ Hubert2, Kai Finster3, Alexander Loy4 and Bo Barker Jørgensen1 1Center for Geomicrobiology, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; 2School of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; 3Microbiology Section, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark and 4Department of Microbial Ecology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria Patterns of microbial biogeography result from a combination of dispersal, speciation and extinction, yet individual contributions exerted by each of these mechanisms are difficult to isolate and distinguish. The influx of endospores of thermophilic microorganisms to cold marine sediments offers a natural model for investigating passive dispersal in the ocean. We investigated the activity, diversity and abundance of thermophilic endospore-forming sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) in Aarhus Bay by incubating pasteurized sediment between 28 and 85 1C, and by subsequent molecular diversity analyses of 16S rRNA and of the dissimilatory (bi)sulfite reductase (dsrAB) genes within the endospore-forming SRB genus Desulfotomaculum. The thermophilic Desulfotomaculum community in Aarhus Bay sediments consisted of at least 23 species-level 16S rRNA sequence phylotypes. In two cases, pairs of identical 16S rRNA and dsrAB sequences in Arctic surface sediment 3000 km away showed that the same phylotypes are present in both locations. Radiotracer- enhanced most probable number analysis revealed that the abundance of endospores of thermophilic SRB in Aarhus Bay sediment was ca. -
Department of Microbiology
SRINIVASAN COLLEGE OF ARTS & SCIENCE (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Trichy) PERAMBALUR – 621 212. DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY Course : M.Sc Year: I Semester: II Course Material on: MICROBIAL PHYSIOLOGY Sub. Code : P16MB21 Prepared by : Ms. R.KIRUTHIGA, M.Sc., M.Phil., PGDHT ASSISTANT PROFESSOR / MB Month & Year : APRIL – 2020 MICROBIAL PHYSIOLOGY Unit I Cell structure and function Bacterial cell wall - Biosynthesis of peptidoglycan - outer membrane, teichoic acid – Exopolysaccharides; cytoplasmic membrane, pili, fimbriae, S-layer. Transport mechanisms – active, passive, facilitated diffusions – uni, sym, antiports. Electron carriers – artificial electron donors – inhibitors – uncouplers – energy bond – phosphorylation. Unit II Microbial growth Bacterial growth - Phases of growth curve – measurement of growth – calculations of growth rate – generation time – synchronous growth – induction of synchronous growth, synchrony index – factors affecting growth – pH, temperature, substrate and osmotic condition. Survival at extreme environments – starvation – adaptative mechanisms in thermophilic, alkalophilic, osmophilic and psychrophilic. Unit III Microbial pigments and photosynthesis Autotrophs - cyanobacteria - photosynthetic bacteria and green algae – heterotrophs – bacteria, fungi, myxotrophs. Brief account of photosynthetic and accessory pigments – chlorophyll – fluorescence, phosphorescence - bacteriochlorophyll – rhodopsin – carotenoids – phycobiliproteins. Unit IV Carbon assimilation Carbohydrates – anabolism – autotrophy – -
Reconstruction, Modeling & Analysis of Haloarchaeal Metabolic Networks
Reconstruction, Modeling & Analysis of Haloarchaeal Metabolic Networks Orland Gonzalez M¨unchen, 2009 Reconstruction, Modeling & Analysis of Haloarchaeal Metabolic Networks Orland Gonzalez Dissertation an der Fakult¨at f¨ur Mathematik, Informatik und Statistik der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit¨at M¨unchen vorgelegt von Orland Gonzalez aus Manila M¨unchen, den 02.03.2009 Erstgutachter: Prof. Dr. Ralf Zimmer Zweitgutachter: Prof. Dr. Dieter Oesterhelt Tag der m¨undlichen Pr¨ufung: 21.01.2009 Contents Summary xiii Zusammenfassung xvi 1 Introduction 1 2 The Halophilic Archaea 9 2.1NaturalEnvironments............................. 9 2.2Taxonomy.................................... 11 2.3PhysiologyandMetabolism.......................... 14 2.3.1 Osmoadaptation............................ 14 2.3.2 NutritionandTransport........................ 16 2.3.3 Motility and Taxis ........................... 18 2.4CompletelySequencedGenomes........................ 19 2.5DynamicsofBlooms.............................. 20 2.6Motivation.................................... 21 3 The Metabolism of Halobacterium salinarum 23 3.1TheModelArchaeon.............................. 24 3.1.1 BacteriorhodopsinandOtherRetinalProteins............ 24 3.1.2 FlexibleBioenergetics......................... 26 3.1.3 Industrial Applications ......................... 27 3.2IntroductiontoMetabolicReconstructions.................. 27 3.2.1 MetabolismandMetabolicPathways................. 27 3.2.2 MetabolicReconstruction....................... 28 3.3Methods.................................... -
Hydrogen Stress and Syntrophy of Hyperthermophilic Heterotrophs and Methanogens
University of Massachusetts Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst Doctoral Dissertations Dissertations and Theses July 2018 HYDROGEN STRESS AND SYNTROPHY OF HYPERTHERMOPHILIC HETEROTROPHS AND METHANOGENS Begum Topcuoglu University of Massachusetts Amherst Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations_2 Part of the Environmental Microbiology and Microbial Ecology Commons, and the Microbial Physiology Commons Recommended Citation Topcuoglu, Begum, "HYDROGEN STRESS AND SYNTROPHY OF HYPERTHERMOPHILIC HETEROTROPHS AND METHANOGENS" (2018). Doctoral Dissertations. 1299. https://doi.org/10.7275/11912692.0 https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations_2/1299 This Open Access Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Dissertations and Theses at ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact [email protected]. HYDROGEN STRESS AND SYNTROPHY OF HYPERTHERMOPHILIC HETEROTROPHS AND METHANOGENS A Dissertation Presented by BEGÜM D. TOPÇUOĞLU Submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Massachusetts Amherst in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY May 2018 Microbiology © Copyright by Begüm Topçuoğlu 2018 All Rights Reserved HYDROGEN STRESS AND SYNTROPHY OF HYPERTHERMOPHILIC HETEROTROPHS AND METHANOGENS A Dissertation Presented by BEGÜM D. TOPÇUOĞLU Approved as to style and content by: ____________________________________ -
Bacteria 1 Bacteria
Bacteria 1 Bacteria Bacteria Escherichia coli aumentada 15.000 veces. Clasificación científica Dominio: Bacteria Filos Acidobacteria Actinobacteria Aquificae Bacteroidetes Chlamydiae Chlorobi Chloroflexi Chrysiogenetes Cyanobacteria Deferribacteres Deinococcus-Thermus Dictyoglomi Fibrobacteres Firmicutes Fusobacteria Gemmatimonadetes Lentisphaerae Nitrospirae Planctomycetes Proteobacteria Spirochaetes Thermodesulfobacteria Thermomicrobia Thermotogae Verrucomicrobia Las bacterias son microorganismos unicelulares que presentan un tamaño de unos pocos micrómetros (entre 0,5 y 5 μm, por lo general) y diversas formas incluyendo esferas (cocos), barras (bacilos) y hélices (espirilos). Las bacterias son procariotas y, por lo tanto, a diferencia de las células eucariotas (de animales, plantas, hongos, etc.), no tienen el núcleo definido ni presentan, en general, orgánulos membranosos internos. Generalmente poseen una pared celular compuesta de peptidoglicano. Muchas bacterias disponen de flagelos o de otros sistemas de desplazamiento y son móviles. Del estudio de las bacterias se encarga la bacteriología, una rama de la microbiología. Las bacterias son los organismos más abundantes del planeta. Son ubicuas, se encuentran en todos los hábitats terrestres y acuáticos; crecen hasta en los más extremos como en los manantiales de aguas calientes y ácidas, en desechos radioactivos,[1] en las profundidades tanto del mar como de la corteza terrestre. Algunas bacterias pueden incluso sobrevivir en las condiciones extremas del espacio exterior. Se estima que se pueden encontrar en torno a 40 Bacteria 2 millones de células bacterianas en un gramo de tierra y un millón de células bacterianas en un mililitro de agua dulce. En total, se calcula que hay aproximadamente 5×1030 bacterias en el mundo.[2] Las bacterias son imprescindibles para el reciclaje de los elementos, pues muchos pasos importantes de los ciclos biogeoquímicos dependen de éstas. -
Thi Na Utaliblat in Un Minune Talk
THI NA UTALIBLATUS010064900B2 IN UN MINUNE TALK (12 ) United States Patent ( 10 ) Patent No. : US 10 , 064 ,900 B2 Von Maltzahn et al . ( 45 ) Date of Patent: * Sep . 4 , 2018 ( 54 ) METHODS OF POPULATING A (51 ) Int. CI. GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT A61K 35 / 741 (2015 . 01 ) A61K 9 / 00 ( 2006 .01 ) (71 ) Applicant: Seres Therapeutics, Inc. , Cambridge , (Continued ) MA (US ) (52 ) U . S . CI. CPC .. A61K 35 / 741 ( 2013 .01 ) ; A61K 9 /0053 ( 72 ) Inventors : Geoffrey Von Maltzahn , Boston , MA ( 2013. 01 ); A61K 9 /48 ( 2013 . 01 ) ; (US ) ; Matthew R . Henn , Somerville , (Continued ) MA (US ) ; David N . Cook , Brooklyn , (58 ) Field of Classification Search NY (US ) ; David Arthur Berry , None Brookline, MA (US ) ; Noubar B . See application file for complete search history . Afeyan , Lexington , MA (US ) ; Brian Goodman , Boston , MA (US ) ; ( 56 ) References Cited Mary - Jane Lombardo McKenzie , Arlington , MA (US ); Marin Vulic , U . S . PATENT DOCUMENTS Boston , MA (US ) 3 ,009 ,864 A 11/ 1961 Gordon - Aldterton et al. 3 ,228 ,838 A 1 / 1966 Rinfret (73 ) Assignee : Seres Therapeutics , Inc ., Cambridge , ( Continued ) MA (US ) FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS ( * ) Notice : Subject to any disclaimer , the term of this patent is extended or adjusted under 35 CN 102131928 A 7 /2011 EA 006847 B1 4 / 2006 U .S . C . 154 (b ) by 0 days. (Continued ) This patent is subject to a terminal dis claimer. OTHER PUBLICATIONS ( 21) Appl . No. : 14 / 765 , 810 Aas, J ., Gessert, C . E ., and Bakken , J. S . ( 2003) . Recurrent Clostridium difficile colitis : case series involving 18 patients treated ( 22 ) PCT Filed : Feb . 4 , 2014 with donor stool administered via a nasogastric tube . -
Anaeromicrobium Sediminis Gen. Nov., Sp. Nov., a Fermentative Bacterium Isolated from Deep-Sea Sediment
NOTE Zhang et al., Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2017;67:1462–1467 DOI 10.1099/ijsem.0.001739 Anaeromicrobium sediminis gen. nov., sp. nov., a fermentative bacterium isolated from deep-sea sediment Xiaobo Zhang,1,2,3† Xiang Zeng,1,2,3† Xi Li,1,2,3 Karine Alain,4,5,6 Mohamed Jebbar4,5,6 and Zongze Shao1,2,3,* Abstract A novel anaerobic, mesophilic, heterotrophic bacterium, designated strain DY2726DT, was isolated from West Pacific Ocean sediments. Cells were long rods (0.5–0.8 µm wide, 4–15 µm long), Gram-positive and motile by means of flagella. The temperature and pH ranges for growth were 25–40 C and pH 6.5–9.0, while optimal growth occurred at 37 C and pH 7.5, with a generation time of 76 min. The strain required sea salts for growth at concentrations from 10 to 30 g lÀ1 (optimum at 20 g lÀ1). Substrates used as carbon sources were yeast extract, tryptone, glucose, cellobiose, starch, gelatin, dextrin, fructose, fucose, galactose, galacturonic acid, gentiobiose, glucosaminic acid, mannose, melibiose, palatinose and rhamnose. Products of fermentation were carbon dioxide, acetic acid and butyric acid. Strain DY2726DT was able to reduce amorphous iron hydroxide, goethite, amorphous iron oxides, anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate and crotonate, but did not reduce sulfur, sulfate, thiosulfate, sulfite or nitrate. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain DY2726DT was affiliated to the family Clostridiaceae and was most closely related to the type strains of Alkaliphilus transvaalensis (90.0 % similarity) and Alkaliphilus oremlandii (89.6 %). -
Download the Full Report Pdf, 593.2
VKM Report 2016: 42 Health and environmental risk evaluation of microorganisms used in bioremediation Opinion of the Panel on Microbial Ecology of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety 15-1104-final Report from the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety (VKM) 2016: 42 Risk assessment on Health and environmental risk evaluation of microorganisms used in bioremediation Opinion of the Panel on Microbial Ecology of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety 16.08.2016 ISBN: 978-82-8259-232-1 Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety (VKM) Po 4404 Nydalen N – 0403 Oslo Norway Phone: +47 21 62 28 00 Email: [email protected] www.vkm.no www.english.vkm.no Suggested citation: VKM. (2016) Health and environmental risk evaluation of microorganisms used in bioremediation. Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Microbial Ecology of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety, ISBN: 978-82-8259-232-1, Oslo, Norway. VKM Report 2016: 42 15-1104-final Health and environmental risk evaluation of microorganisms used in bioremediation Authors preparing the draft opinion Ida Skaar (chair), Nana Asare (VKM staff), Jörn Klein, Arinze Okoli, and Anders Ruus (Authors in alphabetical order after chair of the working group) Assessed and approved The opinion has been assessed and approved by the Panel on Microbial Ecology. Members of the Panel are: Ida Skaar (chair), Tor Gjøen, Jacques Godfroid, Anders Jelmert, Jörn Klein, Arinze Okoli, Arne Tronsmo and Bjørnar Ytrehus. (Panel members in alphabetical order after chair of the Panel) Acknowledgement The Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety (Vitenskapskomiteen for mattrygghet, VKM) has appointed a working group consisting of both VKM members and external experts to answer the request from the Norwegian Food Safety Authority/Norwegian Environment Agency. -
Cultivable Microbial Community in 2-Km-Deep, 20-Million-Year
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Cultivable microbial community in 2-km-deep, 20-million-year- old subseafoor coalbeds through Received: 15 October 2018 Accepted: 9 January 2019 ~1000 days anaerobic bioreactor Published: xx xx xxxx cultivation Hiroyuki Imachi 1,2, Eiji Tasumi1, Yoshihiro Takaki 1,3, Tatsuhiko Hoshino2,4, Florence Schubotz5, Shuchai Gan5, Tzu-Hsuan Tu1,6, Yumi Saito1, Yuko Yamanaka1, Akira Ijiri 2,3, Yohei Matsui 2,3, Masayuki Miyazaki1, Yuki Morono 2,4, Ken Takai1,2, Kai-Uwe Hinrichs5 & Fumio Inagaki 2,4,7 Recent explorations of scientifc ocean drilling have revealed the presence of microbial communities persisting in sediments down to ~2.5 km below the ocean foor. However, our knowledge of these microbial populations in the deep subseafoor sedimentary biosphere remains limited. Here, we present a cultivation experiment of 2-km-deep subseafoor microbial communities in 20-million- year-old lignite coalbeds using a continuous-fow bioreactor operating at 40 °C for 1029 days with lignite particles as the major energy source. Chemical monitoring of efuent samples via fuorescence emission-excitation matrices spectroscopy and stable isotope analyses traced the transformation of coalbed-derived organic matter in the dissolved phase. Hereby, the production of acetate and 13C-depleted methane together with the increase and transformation of high molecular weight humics point to an active lignite-degrading methanogenic community present within the bioreactor. Electron microscopy revealed abundant microbial cells growing on the surface of lignite particles. Small subunit rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that diverse microorganisms grew in the bioreactor (e.g., phyla Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Chlorofexi, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Spirochaetes, Tenericutes, Ignavibacteriae, and SBR1093).