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Literature Review of the Environmental Fate of Four Herbicides Applied to Surface Water Bodies in New Jersey

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Literature Review of the Environmental Fate of Four Herbicides Applied to Surface Water Bodies in New Jersey U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey LITERATURE REVIEW OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL FATE OF FOUR HERBICIDES APPLIED TO SURFACE WATER BODIES IN NEW JERSEY By Jacob Gibs Open-File Report 98-573 West Trenton, New Jersey 1998 ^USGS science for a changing world U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BRUCE BABBITT, Secretary U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Thomas J. Casadevall, Acting Director For additional information Copies of this report can be write to: purchased from: District Chief U.S. Geological Survey U.S Geological Survey Branch of Information Services Mountain View Office Park Box 25286 810 Bear Tavern Road, Suite 206 Denver, CO 80225-0286 West Trenton, NJ 08628 CONTENTS Page Abstract............................................................................................................................................1 Introduction............................................................................................ Diquat.............................................^ Application methods and mode of action on susceptible plants..........................................3 Methods of analysis.............................................................................................................4 Extraction, concentration, and removal of analytical interferences.........................4 Determination and identification..............................................................................4 Fate in aquatic systems........................................................................................................6 Partitioning...............................................................................................................? Volatilization................................................................................................? Sorption........................................................................................................7 Degradation..............................................................................................................8 Biologically mediated reactions...................................................................8 Abiotic oxidation/reduction reactions in the water column.........................8 Published studies..................................................................................................................9 Field studies.............................................................................................................9 Numerical simulations.............................................................................................9 Summary of environmental-fate investigations and field studies......................................10 References cited for diquat................................................................................................ 11 Endomall......................................................................................^ Application methods and mode of action on susceptible plants........................................14 Methods of analysis...........................................................................................................14 Extraction, concentration, and removal of analytical interferences....................... 14 Determination and identification............................................................................15 Fate in aquatic systems..:...................................................................................................15 Partitioning.............................................................................................................15 Volatilization..............................................................................................15 Sorption......................................................................................................17 Degradation............................................................................................................17 Biologically mediated reactions.................................................................17 Abiotic oxidation/reduction reactions in the water column.......................18 Published studies................................................................................................................ 18 Field studies...........................................................................................................18 GatunLake, Panama..................................................................................18 Pat Mayse Lake, Texas ..............................................................................19 Numerical simulations...........................................................................................20 Summary of environmental fate investigations and field studies ......................................21 Environmental fate.................................................................................................21 Field studies...........................................................................................................21 References cited for endothall ...........................................................................................22 Fluridone ........................................................................................................................................24 Application methods and mode of action on susceptible plants........................................24 in CONTENTS-Continued Page Methods of analysis...........................................................................................................24 Extraction, concentration, and removal of analytical interferences.......................24 Determination and identification............................................................................25 Fate in aquatic systems......................................................................................................25 Partitioning.............................................................................................................26 Volatilization..............................................................................................26 Sorption......................................................................................................27 Degradation............................................................................................................27 Biologically mediated reactions.................................................................27 Abiotic oxidation/reduction reactions in the water column.......................28 Published studies................................................................................................................28 Field studies...........................................................................................................28 Numerical simulations...........................................................................................29 Summary of environmental fate investigaitons and field studies ......................................29 Environmental fate.................................................................................................29 Field studies...........................................................................................................30 References cited for fluridone............................................................................................30 Glyphosate.....................................................................................................................................34 Application methods and mode of action on susceptible plants........................................34 Methods of analysis...........................................................................................................34 Extraction, concentration, and removal of analytical interferences.......................35 Determination and identification............................................................................37 Fate in aquatic systems......................................................................................................37 Partitioning.............................................................................................................37 Volatilization..............................................................................................37 Sorption......................................................................................................37 Degradation............................................................................................................37 Biologically mediated reactions.................................................................37 Abiotic oxidation/reduction reactions in the water column.......................39 Published studies................................................................................................................40 Field studies...........................................................................................................40 Numerical simulations...........................................................................................42 Summary of environmental fate investigations and field studies ......................................42 Environmental fate.................................................................................................42 Field studies...........................................................................................................42 References cited for glyphosate .........................................................................................43
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