ERAN RAZIN May 2020 Personal Higher Education Appointments At
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From Deficits and Dependence to Balanced Budgets and Independence
From Deficits and Dependence to Balanced Budgets and Independence The Arab Local Authorities’ Revenue Sources Michal Belikoff and Safa Agbaria Edited by Shirley Racah Jerusalem – Haifa – Nazareth April 2014 From Deficits and Dependence to Balanced Budgets and Independence The Arab Local Authorities’ Revenue Sources Michal Belikoff and Safa Agbaria Edited by Shirley Racah Jerusalem – Haifa – Nazareth April 2014 From Deficits and Dependence to Balanced Budgets and Independence The Arab Local Authorities’ Revenue Sources Research and writing: Michal Belikoff and Safa Ali Agbaria Editing: Shirley Racah Steering committee: Samah Elkhatib-Ayoub, Ron Gerlitz, Azar Dakwar, Mohammed Khaliliye, Abed Kanaaneh, Jabir Asaqla, Ghaida Rinawie Zoabi, and Shirley Racah Critical review and assistance with research and writing: Ron Gerlitz and Shirley Racah Academic advisor: Dr. Nahum Ben-Elia Co-directors of Sikkuy’s Equality Policy Department: Abed Kanaaneh and Shirley Racah Project director for Injaz: Mohammed Khaliliye Hebrew language editing: Naomi Glick-Ozrad Production: Michal Belikoff English: IBRT Jerusalem Graphic design: Michal Schreiber Printed by: Defus Tira This pamphlet has also been published in Arabic and Hebrew and is available online at www.sikkuy.org.il and http://injaz.org.il Published with the generous assistance of: The European Union This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union. Its contents are the sole responsibility of Sikkuy and Injaz and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union. The Moriah Fund UJA-Federation of New York The Jewish Federations of North America Social Venture Fund for Jewish-Arab Equality and Shared Society The Alan B. -
IATF Fact Sheet: Religion
1 FACT SHEET iataskforce.org Topic: Religion – Druze Updated: June 2014 The Druze community in Israel consists of Arabic speakers from an 11th Century off-shoot of Ismaili Shiite theology. The religion is considered heretical by orthodox Islam.2 Members of the Druze community predominantly reside in mountainous areas in Israel, Lebanon, and Syria.3 At the end of 2011, the Druze population in Israel numbered 133,000 inhabitants and constituted 8.0% of the Arab and Druze population, or 1.7%of the total population in Israel.4 The Druze population resides in 19 localities located in the Northern District (81% of the Druze population, excluding the Golan Heights) and Haifa District (19%). There are seven localities which are exclusively Druze: Yanuh-Jat, Sajur, Beit Jann, Majdal Shams, Buq’ata, Mas'ade, and Julis.5 In eight other localities, Druze constitute an overwhelming majority of more than 75% of the population: Yarka, Ein al-Assad, Ein Qiniyye, Daliyat al-Karmel, Hurfeish, Kisra-Samia, Peki’in and Isfiya. In the village of Maghar, Druze constitute an almost 60% majority. Finally, in three localities, Druze account for less than a third of the population: Rama, Abu Snan and Shfar'am.6 The Druze in Israel were officially recognized in 1957 by the government as a distinct ethnic group and an autonomous religious community, independent of Muslim religious courts. They have their own religious courts, with jurisdiction in matters of personal status and spiritual leadership, headed by Sheikh Muwaffak Tarif. 1 Compiled by Prof. Elie Rekhess, Associate Director, Crown Center for Jewish and Israel Studies, Northwestern University 2 Naim Araidi, The Druze in Israel, Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs, December 22, 2002, http://www.mfa.gov.il; Gabriel Ben Dor, “The Druze Minority in Israel in the mid-1990s”, Jerusalem Letters, 315, June 1, 1995, JerusalemCenter for Public Affairs. -
United Nations Conciliation.Ccmmg3sionfor Paiestine
UNITED NATIONS CONCILIATION.CCMMG3SIONFOR PAIESTINE RESTRICTEb Com,Tech&'Add; 1 ORIGINAL: ENGLISH APPENDIX J$ NON - JlXWISHPOPULATION WITHIN THE BOUNDARXESHELD BY THE ISRAEL DBFENCEARMY ON X5.49 AS ON 1;4-,45 IN ACCORDANCEWITH THE PALESTINE GOVERNMENT VILLAGE STATISTICS, APRIL 1945. CONTENTS Pages SUMMARY..,,... 1 ACRE SUB DISTRICT . , , . 2 - 3 SAPAD II . c ., * ., e .* 4-6 TIBERIAS II . ..at** 7 NAZARETH II b b ..*.*,... 8 II - 10 BEISAN l . ,....*. I 9 II HATFA (I l l ..* a.* 6 a 11 - 12 II JENIX l ..,..b *.,. J.3 TULKAREM tt . ..C..4.. 14 11 JAFFA I ,..L ,r.r l b 14 II - RAMLE ,., ..* I.... 16 1.8 It JERUSALEM .* . ...* l ,. 19 - 20 HEBRON II . ..r.rr..b 21 I1 22 - 23 GAZA .* l ..,.* l P * If BEERSHEXU ,,,..I..*** 24 SUMMARY OF NON - JEWISH'POPULATION Within the boundaries held 6~~the Israel Defence Army on 1.5.49 . AS ON 1.4.45 Jrr accordance with-. the Palestine Gp~ernment Village ‘. Statistics, April 1945, . SUB DISmICT MOSLEMS CHRISTIANS OTHERS TOTAL ACRE 47,290 11,150 6,940 65,380 SAFAD 44,510 1,630 780 46,920 TJBERIAS 22,450 2,360 1,290 26,100 NAZARETH 27,460 Xl, 040 3 38,500 BEISAN lT,92o 650 20 16,590 HAXFA 85,590 30,200 4,330 120,520 JENIN 8,390 60 8,450 TULJSAREM 229310, 10 22,320' JAFFA 93,070 16,300 330 1o9p7oo RAMIIEi 76,920 5,290 10 82,220 JERUSALEM 34,740 13,000 I 47,740 HEBRON 19,810 10 19,820 GAZA 69,230 160 * 69,390 BEERSHEBA 53,340 200 10 53,m TOT$L 621,030 92,060 13,710 7z6,8oo . -
Israeli Settler-Colonialism and Apartheid Over Palestine
Metula Majdal Shams Abil al-Qamh ! Neve Ativ Misgav Am Yuval Nimrod ! Al-Sanbariyya Kfar Gil'adi ZZ Ma'ayan Baruch ! MM Ein Qiniyye ! Dan Sanir Israeli Settler-Colonialism and Apartheid over Palestine Al-Sanbariyya DD Al-Manshiyya ! Dafna ! Mas'ada ! Al-Khisas Khan Al-Duwayr ¥ Huneen Al-Zuq Al-tahtani ! ! ! HaGoshrim Al Mansoura Margaliot Kiryat !Shmona al-Madahel G GLazGzaGza!G G G ! Al Khalsa Buq'ata Ethnic Cleansing and Population Transfer (1948 – present) G GBeGit GHil!GlelG Gal-'A!bisiyya Menara G G G G G G G Odem Qaytiyya Kfar Szold In order to establish exclusive Jewish-Israeli control, Israel has carried out a policy of population transfer. By fostering Jewish G G G!G SG dGe NG ehemia G AGl-NGa'iGmaG G G immigration and settlements, and forcibly displacing indigenous Palestinians, Israel has changed the demographic composition of the ¥ G G G G G G G !Al-Dawwara El-Rom G G G G G GAmG ir country. Today, 70% of Palestinians are refugees and internally displaced persons and approximately one half of the people are in exile G G GKfGar GB!lGumG G G G G G G SGalihiya abroad. None of them are allowed to return. L e b a n o n Shamir U N D ii s e n g a g e m e n tt O b s e rr v a tt ii o n F o rr c e s Al Buwayziyya! NeoG t MG oGrdGecGhaGi G ! G G G!G G G G Al-Hamra G GAl-GZawG iyGa G G ! Khiyam Al Walid Forcible transfer of Palestinians continues until today, mainly in the Southern District (Beersheba Region), the historical, coastal G G G G GAl-GMuGftskhara ! G G G G G G G Lehavot HaBashan Palestinian towns ("mixed towns") and in the occupied West Bank, in particular in the Israeli-prolaimed “greater Jerusalem”, the Jordan G G G G G G G Merom Golan Yiftah G G G G G G G Valley and the southern Hebron District. -
Ette Jßo. of 24T^ December, 1942
Supplement jöo, g to Cfte Jèalestme Œa?ette Jßo. of 24t^ December, 1942. FORESTS ORDINANCE. PROCLAMATION, NO. 6 OF 1942, BY THE HIGH COMMISSIONER, IN EXERCISE of the powers vested in me by section 3 of the Forests Cap. 61. Ordinance, I, SIR HAROLD ALFRED MACMICHAEL, G.C.M.G., D.S.O., High Commissioner for Palestine, do hereby proclaim that the lands described in the Schedule hereto are Forest Reserves under the control and management of the Government. The boundaries of the reserves are demarcated throughout by Marks consisting of numbered letters 'F' chiselled into rocks and filled with black paint. SCHEDULE. Sériel No. 315. Name of Reserve •Jarmaq. Situation : Within the village boundaries of Beit-Jann and Suhmata, Acre Sub- District, and Hurfeish, Ghabbatiya, Sasa, Jish, Safsaf and Meirun, Safad Sub-District. Boundaries The boundaries of the reserve are shown in detail by a green line on duplicates of village maps of Beit-Jann, Hurfeish, Ghabbatiya, Sasa, Safsaf, Meirun and Suhmata, scale 1/10,000 numbered res• pectively F/545, F/442, F/527, F/491, F/541, F/206 and F/528, copies of which are located at the office of the Conservator of For• ests, Jerusalem. North :— Starting from mark 12/G situated in Wadi el Murran the boundary proceeds eastwards along that wadi and its southern slope and further on in the localities El Buteiha, Es Sarara, Wadi es Suheil, Wat Tannuriya, El Muallaqa, Khallat el Ein, Hadab et Tun, Bat el Jabal, Jabal Jauhar, Jabal Ein esh Shair, Shirya, Arid er Rihan, Abu Ghabar and Bat el Madabi through succeeding — 1889 — !.890 Marks numbered consecutively up to Mark 52/G, thence through Marks 91/G, 92/G, 102/G and succeeding Marks numbered conse• cutively up to Mark 105/G, thence through Mark 211 /B and suc• ceeding Marks numbered consecutively up to Mark 215/B, thence through Mark 51/8 and succeeding Marks numbered consecutively up to Mark 70/S. -
The Alma Center Our Vision & Mission
The Alma Center Our Vision & Mission Understanding the Security Challenges on Israel`s Northern Borders Education | Research | Media From our CEO Founding the Alma Center is a dream come true for me. Ever since I was a student of Middle Eastern Studies at the Ben-Gurion University, I felt that another perspective was needed on the way the events in the Middle East are discussed. This feeling has only intensified in recent years, during which the global media has become very polarized, with a disproportionate emphasis on the placement of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict as a primary cause in the instability of the Middle East. As a resident of the Galilee for the past 11 years, I have developed a different perspective on the questions I dealt with as a student and later on, as an intelligence officer in the IDF. I wanted to bring an authentic and professional viewpoint to those who had never been exposed to the myriad of complexities in the Middle East, especially outside of Israel. A year ago, I established Alma, a unique Center that focuses primarily on Israel's security challenges on its northern borders. The Center's activities combine educational content – provided by the Center's diverse team of speakers, to varied groups from abroad - together with professional, qualitative and comprehensive research that highlights and analyzes events that are significant to the security of the State of Israel. The Alma Center is located in the Western Galilee region of northern Israel, and all staff members are residents of the Galilee and the Golan Heights. -
INSTITUTE of JERUSALEM STUDIES JERUSALEM of INSTITUTE Autumn 2019
The Suppression of the Great Revolt and the Destruction of Everyday Life in Palestine Charles Anderson Resistance and Survival in Central Galilee, July 1948–July 1951 Adel Manna Building to Survive: The Politics of Cement in Autumn 2019 Mandate Palestine Nimrod Ben Zeev Autumn 2019 To Subvert, To Deconstruct: Agency in Qalandiya Refugee Camp Ahmed Alaqra Thurayya’s Wedding: A Glimpse of Ottoman Jerusalem from the Khalidi Library Khader Salameh INSTITUTE OF JERUSALEM STUDIES Editors: Beshara Doumani and Salim Tamari Executive Editor: Alex Winder Managing Editor: Carol Khoury Consulting Editor: Issam Nassar Editorial Committee: Rana Barakat, Rema Hammami, Penny Johnson, Nazmi al-Ju’beh, Roberto Mazza Advisory Board: Rochelle Davis, Georgetown University, U. S. Michael Dumper, University of Exeter, U. K. Rania Elias, Yabous Cultural Centre, Jerusalem George Hintlian, Christian Heritage Institute, Jerusalem Huda al-Imam, Imam Consulting, Jerusalem Hassan Khader, al-Karmel Magazine, Ramallah Rashid Khalidi, Columbia University, U. S. Yusuf Natsheh, al-Quds University, Jerusalem Khader Salameh, al-Khalidi Library, Jerusalem Nadera Shalhoub-Kevorkian, Queen Mary University of London, U. K. Tina Sherwell, Birzeit University, Birzeit Contributing Editors: Yazid Anani, A. M. Qattan Foundation, Ramallah Khaldun Bshara, RIWAQ Centre, Ramallah Sreemati Mitter, Brown University, U. S. Falestin Naili, Institut français du Proche-Orient (Ifpo), Jordan Jacob Norris, University of Sussex, U. K. Mezna Qato, University of Cambridge, U. K. Omar Imseeh Tesdell, Birzeit University, Birzeit Hanan Toukan, Bard College Berlin, Germany The Jerusalem Quarterly (JQ) is the leading journal on the past, present, and future of Jerusalem. It documents the current status of the city and its predicaments. -
University of Cincinnati
UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI Date:___________________ I, _________________________________________________________, hereby submit this work as part of the requirements for the degree of: in: It is entitled: This work and its defense approved by: Chair: _______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ The Construction of Druze Ethnicity: Druze in Israel between State Policy and Palestinian Arab Nationalism A Dissertation submitted to the Division of Research and Advanced Studies of the University of Cincinnati in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTORATE OF PHILOSOPHY in the Department of Political Science of the College of Arts and Sciences 2005 by Lina M. Kassem B.A. University of Cincinnati, 1991 M.A. University of Cincinnati, 1998 Committee Chair: Professor Laura Jenkins i ABSTRACT: Eric Hobsbawm argues that recently created nations in the Middle East, such as Israel or Jordan, must be novel. In most instances, these new nations and nationalism that goes along with them have been constructed through what Hobsbawm refers to as “invented traditions.” This thesis will build on Hobsbawm’s concept of “invented traditions,” as well as add one additional but essential national building tool especially in the Middle East, which is the military tradition. These traditions are used by the state of Israel to create a sense of shared identity. These “invented traditions” not only worked to cement together an Israeli Jewish sense of identity, they were also utilized to create a sub national identity for the Druze. The state of Israel, with the cooperation of the Druze elites, has attempted, with some success, to construct through its policies an ethnic identity for the Druze separate from their Arab identity. -
State Attitudes Towards Palestinian Christians in a Jewish Ethnocracy
Durham E-Theses State Attitudes towards Palestinian Christians in a Jewish Ethnocracy MCGAHERN, UNA How to cite: MCGAHERN, UNA (2010) State Attitudes towards Palestinian Christians in a Jewish Ethnocracy, Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/128/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk State Attitudes towards Palestinian Christians in a Jewish Ethnocracy Una McGahern PhD in Political Science School of Government & International Affairs Durham University 2010 Abstract This thesis challenges the assumption of Israeli state bias in favour of its Palestinian Christian population. Using ethnocratic and control theories it argues instead that the Palestinian Christians are inextricably associated with the wider Arab “problem” and remain, as a result, permanently outside the boundaries of the dominant Jewish national consensus. Moreover, this thesis argues that state attitudes towards the small Palestinian Christian communities are quite unique and distinguishable from its attitudes towards other segments of the Palestinian Arab minority, whether Muslim or Druze. -
Resistance and Survival in Central Galilee, July 1948–July 1951
In November 1947, the population of Resistance and the Galilee was approximately 241,000. Survival in Central The vast majority were Palestinian Arabs Galilee, – with the number of Arab Muslims estimated about 169,000, Arab Christians July 1948–July 1951 about 29,000, and Druze about 10,700 – Adel Manna and the Jewish population about 31,790.1 At the end of the 1948 war, only an estimated 100,000 Palestinians, in just 70 out of 220 Arab localities, remained in the Galilee, having survived the ethnic cleansing of Palestine.2 In no other part of Palestine occupied by Israel in 1948 was so significant a portion of Palestinians (almost half) spared the experience of expulsion and exile. Geography as well as communal affiliation was a significant element in determining who remained in the Galilee. Druze villages remained in place and no harm was inflicted on the members of this community.3 As for the Christian communities in northern Palestine, it is safe to say that Israel’s sensitivity toward the West and the various Christian denominations there produced a more benign policy toward them. (This was particularly true in Nazareth, a holy city for the Christian world.) As a result, most of those living in Christian localities in the Galilee were able to stay put in this part of the homeland – although there are exceptional cases, such as Iqrit and Kafr Bir‘im, whose inhabitants were forced to evacuate their villages and were not allowed to return home. Muslims in the Galilee suffered from the harshest policies of ethnic cleansing. -
18 June 2008 VALUATION of PALESTINIAN REFUGEE LOSSES
VALUATION OF PALESTINIAN REFUGEE LOSSES A Study Based on the National Wealth of Palestine in 1948 Thierry J. Sene chal 18 June 2008 Page 2 of 260 Contact information: Thierry J. Senechal [email protected] Tel. +33 6 24 28 51 11 This report is established by request of the Negotiations Support Unit (NSU), Negotiations Affairs Department of the PLO/Palestinian Authority. The views expressed in this report are those of the Advisor and in no way reflect the official opinion of the commissioning unit. This report has been prepared for the use of the NSU in connection with its estimation of Palestinian Refugees’ losses arising out of the 1948 war and should not be used by other parties or for other purposes. The views expressed in the following review are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the opinions or policies of the NSU. The author would like to express his gratitude to Philippe de Mijolla for his continuous support on this project. Privileged and Confidential Thierry Senechal, 18 June 2008 Page 3 of 260 STRATEGIC SUMMARY of this study) can make an informed OBJECTIVES assessment of the level of judgment (if any) that has been used in deriving values. In addition, a full audit trail is integral to study. This report forms the third phase of a project which provides a quantification of In Section 1 of the report, we introduced the aggregate value of losses incurred by the scope of reference of our work and key Palestinian Arab refugees as a result of their findings from our initial review of past forced displacement from what is now estimates. -
Khnifess, Amir (2015) Israel and the Druze Political Action : Between Politics of Loyalty and Politics of Violence
Khnifess, Amir (2015) Israel and the Druze political action : between politics of loyalty and politics of violence. PhD Thesis. SOAS, University of London http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/22832 Copyright © and Moral Rights for this thesis are retained by the author and/or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non‐commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder/s. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. When referring to this thesis, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given e.g. AUTHOR (year of submission) "Full thesis title", name of the School or Department, PhD Thesis, pagination. Israel and the Druze Political Action: Between Politics of Loyalty and Politics of Violence Amir Khnifess Thesis submitted for the degree of PhD 2015 Department of Politics and International Studies School of Oriental and African Studies ni!ersit" of #ondon Amir Khnifess, SOAS, University of London, 2015 2 _______________________________________________________________________ Amir Khnifess, SOAS, University of London, 2015 3 _______________________________________________________________________ Abstract The political actions of the Dru$e of Israel ha!e formed the focus of a large bod" of research% Despite this& academic