The American Jewish Community Responds to Issues of the Day: a Compendium*
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1492 Reconsidered: Religious and Social Change in Fifteenth Century Ávila
1492 RECONSIDERED: RELIGIOUS AND SOCIAL CHANGE IN FIFTEENTH CENTURY ÁVILA by Carolyn Salomons A dissertation submitted to Johns Hopkins University in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Baltimore, Maryland May 2014 © 2014 Carolyn Salomons All Rights Reserved Abstract This dissertation is an assessment of the impact of the expulsion of the Jews from Spain in 1492 on the city of Ávila, in northwestern Castile. The expulsion was the culmination of a series of policies set forth by Isabel I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon regarding Jewish-Christian relations. The monarchs invoked these policies in order to bolster the faith and religious praxis of Catholics in the kingdoms, especially those Catholics newly converted from Judaism. My work shows how the implementation of these strategies began to fracture the heretofore relatively convivial relations between the confessional groups residing in Ávila. A key component of the Crown’s policies was the creation of a Jewish quarter in the city, where previously, Jews had lived wherever they chose. This transformation of a previously shared civic place to one demarcated clearly by religious affiliation, i.e. the creation of both Jewish and Christian space, had a visceral impact on how Christians related to their former neighbors, and hostilities between the two communities increased in the closing decades of the fifteenth century. Yet at the same time, Jewish appeals to the Crown for assistance in the face of harassment and persecution were almost always answered positively, with the Crown intervening several times on behalf of their Jewish subjects. This seemingly incongruous attitude reveals a key component in the relationship between the Crown and Jews: the “royal alliance.” My work also details how invoking that alliance came at the expense of the horizontal alliances between Abulense Jews and Christians, and only fostered antagonism between the confessional groups. -
The History of an Interpretation of Sixteen Drops of Wine at the Seder
237 “Our Own Joy is Lessened and Incomplete”: The History of an Interpretation of Sixteen Drops of Wine at the Seder By: ZVI RON Explaining the custom to remove sixteen drops of wine from the cup as we recite the ten plagues and words associated with them, the Artscroll Youth Haggadah writes that “we don't want our cups to be full when we tell about other people's pain.”1 The idea that we remove some wine to show that we cannot fully rejoice when our enemies are destroyed is also found in the Artscroll Mesorah Series Haggadah: “Abarbanel, however, explains that we should remove the wine because “You should not rejoice when your enemy falls” (Mishlei 24:17).”2 This idea does not actually appear in the Abarbanel's commentary to the Haggadah, or in any of his writings. In fact, this explanation for the custom of removing sixteen drops from the cup of wine is a recent innovation. By now it is so entrenched in Haggadot that it is often the only explanation offered. A typical presentation of this idea is, “By spilling a drop of wine from the Pesach cup for each plague, we acknowledge that our own joy is lessened and incomplete, for our redemption had to come by means of the punishment of other human beings. Even though these are just punishments for evil acts, it says, “Do not rejoice at the fall of your enemy” (Proverbs 24:17).”3 In this article we will trace the development of this interpretation of this cherished Seder-night custom. -
Reexamining Kashrut: Taking Into Consideration the Treatment of an Animal Prior to Slaughter
Reexamining Kashrut: Taking into Consideration the Treatment of an Animal Prior to Slaughter By Samuel L. Spector Hebrew Union College – Jewish Institute of Religion, Los Angeles Campus 2012 Whizin Prize Introduction: In order for an animal to be slaughtered in a kosher manner, there are particular procedures which must take place in order to cause minimal pain to the animal in its death. During shechita (ritual slaughter) the shochet (the one performing shechita) must make precise incisions into the esophagus and trachea of the animal without pressing the knife, tearing the tissue with a snag in the knife, piercing the animal, pausing, or having the entire knife be covered by the animal’s throat at any time.1 These rules are put in place in order to minimize suffering of the animal during its slaughter, and if any of the slaughter is done improperly to cause avoidable pain to the animal, its meat is not considered kosher. Jewish law, by means of the Torah and Talmud, put much emphasis on the treatment of animals in life and during their death. However, the laws of kashrut only focus on the treatment of the animal in its death and in the manner in which the meat is handled following death. This paper will examine the laws of tsa’ar ba’alei hayyim, the infliction of unnecessary pain on animals, and whether laws of kashrut should be amended to take these laws into consideration when deeming an animal’s meat to be kosher. Though this argument applies to the treatment of all forms of livestock, including chickens, sheep and cows, the primary example for focus will be the treatment of calves in the process of making veal. -
Surpass Shelf List
Beth Sholom B'Nai Israel Shelf List Barcode Call Author Title Cost 1001502 Daily prayer book = : Ha-Siddur $0.00 ha-shalem / translated and annotated with an introduction by Philip Birnbaum. 1000691 Documents on the Holocaust : $0.00 selected sources on the destruction of the Jews of Germany and Austria, Poland, and the Soviet Union / edited by Yitzhak Arad, Yisrael Gutman, Abraham Margaliot. 1001830 Explaining death to children / $0.00 Edited by Earl A. Grollman. 1003811 In the tradition : an anthology $0.00 of young Black writers / edited by Kevin Powell and Ras Baraka. 1003812 In the tradition : an anthology $0.00 of young Black writers / edited by Kevin Powell and Ras Baraka. 1002040 Jewish art and civilization / $0.00 editor-in-chief: Geoffrey Wigoder. 1001839 The Jews / edited by Louis $0.00 Finkelstein. 56 The last butterfly $0.00 [videorecording] / Boudjemaa Dahmane et Jacques Methe presentent ; Cinema et Communication and Film Studio Barrandov with Filmexport Czechoslovakia in association with HTV International Ltd. ; [The Blum Group and Action Media Group 41 The magician of Lublin $0.00 [videorecording] / Cannon Video. 1001486 My people's Passover Haggadah : $0.00 traditional texts, modern commentaries / edited by Lawrence A. Hoffman and David Arnow. 1001487 My people's Passover Haggadah : $0.00 traditional texts, modern commentaries / edited by Lawrence A. Hoffman and David Arnow. 1003430 The Prophets (Nevi'im) : a new $0.00 trans. of the Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic text. Second section. 1001506 Seder K'riat Hatorah (the Torah $0.00 12/11/2019 Surpass Page 1 Beth Sholom B'Nai Israel Shelf List Barcode Call Author Title Cost service) / edited by Lawrence A. -
The Judeo-Arabic Heritage
The Judea-Arabic Heritage 41 Chapter 3 tice my speaking skills, and my wife was clearly delighted to show off her Ashkenazi American husband who could speak their native tongue. A short while later, after the woman departed, I noticed that my wife had tears in her eyes. When I asked her why, she told me that she suddenly The Judeo-Arabic Heritage remembered how years earlier, when she was a schoolgirl, that if she saw that same woman from a distance, she would walk blocks out of her way to avoid her. This was to avoid embarrassment from having to speak Norman A. Stillman Moroccan Arabic in public because of the strong prejudice against Jews from Muslim countries (so-called mizrahim, or Oriental Jews) and espe cially Moroccan Jews. In the 1950S and early 1960s, it was not at all chic to speak Arabic of any kind in Israel-and certainly not to be Moroccan. The great irony in these two personal anecdotes is that, amongst all the Introductory Reflections many Jewish Diaspora languages of post-Talmudic times (Yiddish, Ladino, Shuadit (Iudeo-Provencal), Judeo-Persian, Iudeo-Greek, Iudeo-French, Nearly forty years ago, I brought my fiancee, who had been born in Iudeo-Tat, Iudeo-Berber, and still others less well known), [udeo-Arabic Morocco and raised in Israel, home to meet my family. I shall never forget held a place of special distinction. It had the longest recorded history after the moment when she met my grandmother. My grandmother, whose Hebrew and Aramaic (from the ninth century to the present)." It had the English, even after fifty years in the United States, was still heavily widest geographical diffusion, extending across three continents during accented, asked my fiancee, "Does your family speak Jewish?" Not under the Middle Ages. -
Does the Kiddush Precede Christianity? Herbert Tarr Slater, Jr
DOES THE KIDDUSH PRECEDE CHRISTIANITY? HERBERT TARR SLATER, JR. Walloston, Mass. Possibly one of the oldest prayers of the Jewish Liturgy is the Sabbath Kiddush. According to the Babylonian Talmud, the scholars of the schools of Shammai and Hillel (ca. 35 B.c.) discussed this prayer and witnessed to its age by assigning its origin to the men of the Great Synagogue. The translation of the prayer as found in Singer's edition of the prayer book reads : Blessed art thou, 0 Lord our God, King of the universe, who createst the fruit of the vine. Blessed art thou, 0 Lord our God, King of the universe, who hast sanctified us by thy commandments and hast taken pleasure in us, and in love and favor hast given us thy holy Sabbath as an inherit- ance, a memorial of the creation-that day being also the first of the holy convocations, in remembrance of the departure from Egypt. For thou hast chosen us and sanctified us above all nations, and in love and favor hast given us thy holy Sabbath as an inheritance. Blessed art thou, 0 Lord, who hallowcst the Sabbath. BIessed art thou, 0 Lord our God, King of the universe, who bringest forth bread from the earth. Walter Ducat, "Hillel I," The Universal Jewish Encyclopedia, V (New York, 1g41),362. "R. Shaman b. Abba said to R. Johanan [a contemporary and disciple of Hillel (ca.35 B.c.)] : Let us see: It was the Men of the Great Synagogue who instituted for Israel blessings and prayers, sanctifica- tions [Kiddush] and habdalahs," Babylonian Talmud, Berakoth 33a (Soncino ed., p. -
To Save a Life: Why a Rabbi and a Jewish Lawyer Must Disclose a Client Confidence Symposium: Executing the Wrong Person: the Professionals' Ethical Dilemmas
Fordham Law School FLASH: The Fordham Law Archive of Scholarship and History Faculty Scholarship 1995 To Save a Life: Why a Rabbi and a Jewish Lawyer Must Disclose a Client Confidence Symposium: Executing the Wrong Person: The Professionals' Ethical Dilemmas Russell G. Pearce Fordham University School of Law, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/faculty_scholarship Part of the Law and Society Commons, Legal Ethics and Professional Responsibility Commons, Legal Profession Commons, and the Religion Law Commons Recommended Citation Russell G. Pearce, To Save a Life: Why a Rabbi and a Jewish Lawyer Must Disclose a Client Confidence Symposium: Executing the Wrong Person: The Professionals' Ethical Dilemmas, 29 Loy. L. A. L. Rev. 1771 (1995-1996) Available at: https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/faculty_scholarship/363 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by FLASH: The Fordham Law Archive of Scholarship and History. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Scholarship by an authorized administrator of FLASH: The Fordham Law Archive of Scholarship and History. For more information, please contact [email protected]. TO SAVE A LIFE: WHY A RABBI AND A JEWISH LAWYER MUST DISCLOSE A CLIENT CONFIDENCE Russell G. Pearce* I. INTRODUCTION The buzz of the intercom startled Rabbi Paula Samuels' as she prepared to leave the synagogue to go to Loyola Public Defender Services. Ever since her graduation from law school the year before, she had been volunteering one night each week for the public defender. Upon retiring from the pulpit next June, she planned to volunteer for the public defender two or three days a week. -
Mystical Influences in Jewish Liturgical Renewal Eric L
Marian Library Studies Volume 17 Volume 17/23 (1985-1991) Combined Article 47 Volume 1-1-1985 Mystical Influences in Jewish Liturgical Renewal Eric L. Friedland Follow this and additional works at: http://ecommons.udayton.edu/ml_studies Part of the Religion Commons Recommended Citation Friedland, Eric L. (2014) "Mystical Influences in Jewish Liturgical Renewal," Marian Library Studies: Vol. 17, Article 47, Pages 684-697. Available at: http://ecommons.udayton.edu/ml_studies/vol17/iss1/47 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Marian Library Publications at eCommons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Marian Library Studies by an authorized administrator of eCommons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. MYSTICAL INFLUENCES IN JEWISH LITURGICAL RENEWAL ERIC L. FRIEDLAND, DAYTON, OH The changes that have taken place in Roman Catholic worship since the Second Vatican Council-in text, language, music, and enactment-for the most part strike quite a familiar chord in the non-Orthodox branches of Judaism, here in the United States and abroad. Although not without precedent in the rabbinic, gaonic, and medieval periods, Jewish liturgical renewal shot ahead and received its theoretical underpinnings in a vigorous and systematic way close behind the French Revolution, very shortly after which whole Jewish communities were emancipated from the mul tifold disabilities and physical confinement of the urban ghettoes in Western and Central Europe. The Hamburg Temple, founded in 1817, was the first Reform syna gogue to implement structural and textual changes tangibly in the liturgy that were to act as a model for non-Orthodox Jewish houses of worship and prayer manuals on the Continent, in England, !J,nd in America. -
Sefer Torah at Old Glockengasse Synagogue (Reconstruction), Cologne Silver Torah Case, Ottoman Empire Museum of Jewish Art and History
Torah Sefer Torah at old Glockengasse Synagogue (reconstruction), Cologne Silver Torah Case, Ottoman Empire Museum of Jewish Art and History , ָתּוֹרה :The Torah (/ˈtɔːrəˌˈtoʊrə/; Hebrew "instruction, teaching") is the central reference of Judaism. It has a range of meanings. It can most specifically mean the first five books (Pentateuch) of the 24 books of the Tanakh, and it usually includes the rabbinic commentaries (perushim). The term "Torah" means instruction and offers a way of life for those who follow it; it can mean the continued narrative from the Book of Genesis to the end of the Tanakh, and it can even mean the totality of Jewish teaching, culture and practice, whether derived from biblical texts or later Rabbinic writings.[1] Common to all these meanings, Torah consists of the origin of Jewish peoplehood: their call into being by God, their trials and tribulations, and their covenant with their God, which involves following a way of life embodied in a set of moral and religious obligations and civil laws (halakha). In rabbinic literature the word "Torah" תורה :denotes both the five books (Hebrew Torah that is written") and the Oral" שבכתב Torah that is" ,תורה שבעל פה) Torah spoken"). The Oral Torah consists of interpretations and amplifications which according to rabbinic tradition have been handed down from generation to generation and are now embodied in the Talmud and Midrash.[2] According to rabbinic tradition, all of the teachings found in the Torah, both written and oral, were given by God through the prophet Moses, some at Mount Sinai and others at the Tabernacle, and all the teachings were written down by Moses, which resulted in the Torah that exists today. -
Surpass Shelf List
Beth Sholom B'Nai Israel Shelf List Barcode Call Author Title Cost 1001502 Daily prayer book = : Ha-Siddur $0.00 ha-shalem / translated and annotated with an introduction by Philip Birnbaum. 1000691 Documents on the Holocaust : $0.00 selected sources on the destruction of the Jews of Germany and Austria, Poland, and the Soviet Union / edited by Yitzhak Arad, Yisrael Gutman, Abraham Margaliot. 1001830 Explaining death to children / $0.00 Edited by Earl A. Grollman. 1003811 In the tradition : an anthology $0.00 of young Black writers / edited by Kevin Powell and Ras Baraka. 1003812 In the tradition : an anthology $0.00 of young Black writers / edited by Kevin Powell and Ras Baraka. 1002040 Jewish art and civilization / $0.00 editor-in-chief: Geoffrey Wigoder. 1001839 The Jews / edited by Louis $0.00 Finkelstein. 56 The last butterfly $0.00 [videorecording] / Boudjemaa Dahmane et Jacques Methe presentent ; Cinema et Communication and Film Studio Barrandov with Filmexport Czechoslovakia in association with HTV International Ltd. ; [The Blum Group and Action Media Group 41 The magician of Lublin $0.00 [videorecording] / Cannon Video. 1001486 My people's Passover Haggadah : $0.00 traditional texts, modern commentaries / edited by Lawrence A. Hoffman and David Arnow. 1001487 My people's Passover Haggadah : $0.00 traditional texts, modern commentaries / edited by Lawrence A. Hoffman and David Arnow. 1003430 The Prophets (Nevi'im) : a new $0.00 trans. of the Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic text. Second section. 1001506 Seder K'riat Hatorah (the Torah $0.00 8/9/2021 Surpass Page 1 Beth Sholom B'Nai Israel Shelf List Barcode Call Author Title Cost service) / edited by Lawrence A. -
French and Italian 275
French and Italian 275 503 Environmental Science II (2, Sp) A continu- 520 Environmental Law and Policy (4, Sp) 594abz Master’s Thesis (2-2-0) Credit on ation of ENST 501. Exposes students to critical Introduces students to the central issues, con- acceptance of thesis. Graded IP/CR/NC. scientific principles, concepts, and issues related cepts, and theories in environmental law and to pollution control, remediation, and ecology. policy and analyzes present environmental 595 Graduate Seminar in Environmental Prerequisite: ENST 501; corequisite: ENST 504. laws and regulations. Major court cases are Studies (4, Sp) Addresses the obstacles to reviewed. environmental policymaking and manage- 504 Environmental Science Seminar II (1, Sp) ment by examining the interrelationships A continuation of ENST 502. A series of 530 Environmental Risk Analysis (4, Fa) Ana- between science, technology, and social sci- biweekly guest lectures on critical scientific lyzes various potential environmental risks ence. Recommended preparation: ENST 500, principles, concepts, and issues related to pol- and examines how science, government, and ENST 501, ENST 502, ENST 503, lution control, remediation, and ecology. business measure and prepare for environ- ENST 504. mental risks. 505ab Advanced Environmental Science 599 Special Topics (2-4, max 8) Subjects Seminar (2-2, FaSp) Ties together science, 536 The Landscape Planning Process (4) specifically relevant to an environmental technology, and finance with risk assessment (Enroll in ARCH 536) studies field, sometimes conducted as inten- and policy. sive short courses. Prerequisite: departmental 590 Directed Research (1-12) Research lead- approval. 510 Statistics for Environmental Analysis (4) ing to the master’s degree. -
18Th International Congress on Medieval Studies
mea1evaTHEI· ~ I INSTI1UTE international congress on medieval studies View of Go/dsworth Valley Conference Center Dear Colleague It MVMedieval7c?Studies!9SUrt.which° willlnVltebe y°Uheld tofromtheMayEighteenth5-8, 1983 Internationalon the campus Congressof Westernon Michigan University under the sponsorship of the University's Medieval Insti tute. Again, significant segments of this year's program are being provided by the annual sessions of the Academy of American Research Historians on Medieval Spain, the American Cusanus Society, the Tristan Society, the American Society for Reformation Research, the Conference on Cistercian Studies, the Franciscan institute the American Boccaccio Association, the International Courtly Literature Society, the International Center for Medieval Art, the Inter- reZ^\l°C^y forflNeo-Platonic Studies, the Societe Internationale Ren- cesvals the Medieval Association of the Midwest, the Michigan Consortium for Medieval and Early Modern Studies, the CARA Committee on Teaching Medieval Subjects (TEAMS), and the Parable Conference for Dominican Life and Mission? We WiTt-v arMSPfehC1flal WelC0Dme tc\the membership of the International Arthurian Society (North American Branch) who will hold their first annual business meet- ing in Kalamazoo this year. ^rn^M'^^ ^^^ the Early Music Ensemble will present a program of Music from Medieval France in the recital hall of Western Michigan University'71^7 Dalton Center of Fine Arts. On Saturday evening, following the now traditional and sumptious smorgasbord banquet, the Poculi Ludique Societas from the Uni- 1 °f Tof°nt° w;ll perform the late fifteenth-century morality play, Mankind, together with the Dutch interlude, The Blessed Apple Tree, at Shaw Theatre on the campus of Western Michigan UniVeTsTFy" 1he same ensemble will present "street theatre" performances durinq the Thursday and Friday wine hours oonrtuneitCv°t yard °f.G°fldsrth Va^y I"- On Friday e'venino you'have an op" fromT^Tnnr-HT"6from Dr.