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September 2020 Volume 45 Number 1 September 2020 Volume 45 Number 1 A “ VIMALEI” BOY CONFESSES VALUING TOT SHABBAT SERVICES THE CANTOR’S POWER OF EXCLUSION HAZZANUT & THE INDIVIDUAL WORSHIPER BRITISH REFORM JUDAISM’S CHANGING MUSIC HAVINEINU : AN ABBREVIATED WEEKDAY AMIDAH REHEARSING AND CONDUCTING ADULT JEWISH CHOIRS THE LIVE STREAMING OF SERVICES ON SHABBAT AND FESTIVALS EMOTIONAL EXCITEMENT: HAZZANIC RECITATIVES & CARLEBACH NUSACH September 2020 Volume 45 Number 1 The Journal is optimized to be read using Adobe Acrobat Reader (click here for a free download). The Bookmark feature, which allows readers to directly access and then jump between articles, may not otherwise function. Front cover: “Tree of Life” Ark, Congregation Micah, Nashville; Michael Landau Architectural Associates, 1997. AN ENVOI TO OUR READERS Joseph A. Levine .............................................................................................................. 4 RECENT ETHNOMUSICOLOGICAL RESEARCH Participation in Tension with Performance: Choirs and Cantors and Congregational Singing Joshua R. Jacobson .......................................................................................................... 5 Singing Their Heart Out: Emotional Excitement in Cantorial Recitatives and Carlebach Nusah Amit Klein .......................................................................................................................15 The Changing Music of British Reform Judaism Barbara Borts ...................................................................................................................40 The Use of Limited and Conditional Livestreaming of Services on Shabbat, Haggim and Yamim nora’im—a Report and Recommendation by the Ritual Committee of Bet Torah to the Synagogue’s Board of Directors Michael Gordon ...............................................................................................................76 The Torah as Song and the Rabbinic Sage as Troubadour James A. Diamond ...........................................................................................................87 My Brief Encounter with Yehezkel Braun (1922-2014) Jonathan Schultz ..............................................................................................................99 1 CANTOR AND COMMUNITY Engaging Young Children and Their Parents Through “Tot Shabbat” Emily Aronoff Teck .........................................................................................................107 The Cantorial Power of Exclusion David Berger ....................................................................................................................111 Jewish Choral Singing Today Sheldon Levin ..................................................................................................................127 BACK IN THE DAY The Vimalei Boy Jack Mendelson ................................................................................................................130 N’GINAH L’MA’ASEH (To access any of the audio files, click on its music) Adonai ro’i /The Lord is my Shepherd (text: Psalm 23; music: Max Wohlberg; audio: Faith Steinsnyder) .................................133 Havineinu: A Rabbinically Abbreviated Weekday Amidah (text: BT B’rakhot/Mishneh Torah; music arranged Joseph Levine; audio: Jacob Mendelson) .................................................................................................135 Bakkashah l’musaf shabbat (text: Robert Gordis; music: Abba Weisgal; audio: Raphael Frieder) .............................137 Ana avdda… beih ana raheits (text: The Zohar, music: Joseph Levine, after Zalman Rivlin/Lazar Saminsky; audio: Shayna Postman) ...................................................................................................139 REVIEWS Shmuel Barzilai’s CD: Sh’ma yisrael, 2018 www.gramola.at John Baron .......................................................................................................................143 Samuel Adler’s Building Bridges with Music: Stories from a Composer’s Life Michael Isaacson ..............................................................................................................144 2 Saul Wachs’s Updated & Digitalized Teaching Resource Rinnah Ut’fillah Marsha Bryan Edelman....................................................................................................147 Kol Isha: Songs and Settings of Prayers Composed by Members of the Women Cantors Network, 2019 Marsha Bryan Edelman ...................................................................................................148 The Cantors Assembly’s Ilu Finu: A Capella for Jewish Prayer—plus a Soundcloud Link to Selected Recorded Items Charles Heller ..................................................................................................................151 Charles Heller’s Shul Going Joshua R. Jacobson ..........................................................................................................153 Judah M. Cohen’s Jewish Religious Music in Nineteenth-Century America John H. Planer ..................................................................................................................154 Charles Davidson’s Shirei Shlomo: A Friday Evening Service for Cantor and Congregation with Guitar Accompaniment Sam Weiss ........................................................................................................................157 Michael Haruni’s Siddurim: Nehalel beShabbat (2013), and Nehalel beChol (2015) www.nehalel.com Joseph A. Levine ..............................................................................................................159 Sidney Dworkin’s “Cantors’ Corner”—A Recorded Archive for the Ages Joseph A. Levine ..............................................................................................................161 IN MEMORIAM Victor Tunkel (1933-2019) ........................................................................................................165 Elliot H. Dicker (1945-2019)......................................................................................................167 Hans Cohn (1926-2020) .............................................................................................................169 Gregory Yaroslow (1952-2020) .................................................................................................171 3 An Envoi to Our Readers By Joseph A. Levine diting an annual publication these past 16 years has shown me how futile it is to attempt putting a period in a rushing stream. Better to make a friend of nature’s revolving seasons E and today’s hourly changing electronic headlines by placing editorship of the Journal into the capable hands of a younger colleague, beginning with JSM 2021. During the past six years of working with Dr. Marsha Bryan Edelman as a proactive Editorial Board member and as my Co-editor, I have found that her skill set uniquely matches the Journal’s requirements. She has published an acclaimed book, Discovering Jewish Music (JPS 2003), along with numerous articles in professional journals, including this one. She holds a Masters degree in Sacred Music from JTS, as well as an EdD in Music and Music Education from Columbia University, and she served as Professor of Music at Gratz College for nearly a quarter century. She has also been active as a musician and conductor, arranging and producing the music for recordings and concert performances by various ensembles. Marsha Bryan Edelman r. Edelman is the Founding Conductor of HaZamir Philadelphia, a chapter of HaZamir’s International Jewish Teen Choir, conductor of the LaShir Choir of Princeton, and of DShirah: the Jewish Community Choir of the Kaplen JCC on the Palisades. She also serves as Administrator of the Zamir Choral Foundation, and on the Steering Committee of its immensely successful North American Jewish Choral Festival. She is currently Adjunct Professor of Music in the H. L. Miller Cantorial School. In the name of all who have been privileged to serve in the post before her, our Associate Editor David Sislen and I proudly welcome Marsha as the Journal’s next Editor in Chief: Charles Davidson (1967-1969) Morton Shames (1970-1979) Abraham Lubin (1980-1987) Jack Chomsky (1988-1993) Eric Snyder (1994-1998) Scott Sokol (1999-2003) Joseph Levine (2004-2020) 4 RECENT ETHNOMUSICOLOGICAL RESEARCH Participation in Tension with Performance: Choirs and Cantors and Congregational Singing By Joshua R. Jacobson he first article I ever had published, “Jewish Music versus Jewish Worship,” appeared in the February 1977 edition of the Journal of Synagogue Music. Bursting with chutzpah and T naiveté, I opined that traditional davening in nusah was the only legitimate form of Jewish prayer. Cantors and choirs had no business performing for the congregation: The role of the hazzan changed. … The Sh’liah tsibbur… [has] became a cantor who perform[s] for the congregation; the congregation rarely open their mouths. …T’fillah [should be] a personal act, an individual voice reaching out with the rest of the Jewish community to God. Art music can inspire, but only through the medium of other individuals who recreate this music for us. Therefore, the mitpalleil must turn to spontaneous music… to traditional nusah.1 Now, 42 years later, I’ve evolved. I still enjoy davening in heterophony with a knowledgeable congregation. But I’ve developed an appreciation for the cantorial art. I think there is a role for performance in the liturgy, when the bar is set high. The article that
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