Checklist and Keys to Japanese Amblyseiinae (Acari: Gamasina: Phytoseiidae)
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J. Acarol. Soc. Jpn., 13 (1): 1-30. 2004 The Acarological Society of Japan 1 [REVIEW] Checklist and Keys to Japanese Amblyseiinae (Acari: Gamasina: Phytoseiidae) 1* 2 Shôzô EHARA and Hiroshi AMANO 1Hamasaka 2–15–7, Tottori 680–0001, Japan 2Laboratory of Applied Entomology and Zoology, Faculty of Horticulture, Chiba University, 648 Matsudo, Chiba 271–8510, Japan (Received 5 February 2004; Accepted 16 March 2004) ABSTRACT Forty-nine Japanese species of Amblyseiinae, a subfamily of Phytoseiidae, are assigned to 10 genera, namely: Neoseiulus Hughes, Typhlodromips De Leon, Typhlodromalus Muma, Amblyseius Berlese, Euseius Wainstein, Proprioseiopsis Muma, Okiseius Ehara, Amblyseiulella Muma, Paraphy- toseius Swirski and Shechter, and Indoseiulus Ehara. An annotated list of these species and keys to the genera and species are given, with redescription of Neoseiulus repletus (Wu and Li), recorded from Japan for the first time. Paraphytoseius urumanus (Ehara) differs from P. orientalis (Narayanan, Kaur and Ghai) in that leg IV is provided with five instead of four macrosetae. Key words: Amblyseiinae, Euseius, Neoseiulus, Paraphytoseius, Typhlodromalus, Typhlodromips INTRODUCTION Forty-seven Japanese species belonging to the subfamily Amblyseiinae Muma were previously referred to five genera, Amblyseius Berlese, Okiseius Ehara, Amblyseiulella Muma, Paraphytoseius Swirski and Shechter, and Indoseiulus Ehara (Ehara et al., 1994, 2000; Ehara and Amano, 1998, 2002). In the present paper 49 Japanese ambliseiine mites are revised and listed with annotations, in accordance with the current classification of the subfamily, in which more genera based on narrower concepts are placed (Beard, 2001; Chant and McMurtry, 2003a). Such a classification was founded generally by Floridan acarolo- gists about forty years ago (Muma, 1961; Muma and Denmark, 1968; Muma et al., 1971), but it has not always been accepted by many taxonomists for a long time. However, its gradual acceptance in their later papers is largely owing to the striking increase of the number of described species of phytoseiids. In this paper the diagnostic characters including leg setation are mentioned about female mites unless otherwise stated. One species newly found from Japan is redescribed and illustrated. The tribes and species groups are omitted below. The setal notations follow those of Rowell et al. (1978). In order to avoid the confusion in spermathecal terminology, the term calyx is used here instead of the cervix. The term cervix has been *Corresponding author: e-mail: [email protected] 2 Shôzô EHARA and Hiroshi AMANO referred to the calyx by many acarologists, but it was also used often for the connection (neck) between the calyx and the atrium (cf. Beard, 2001). All the measurements are given in micrometers. Key to the Genera of Japanese Amblyseiinae (Females) 1. Peritrematic shields not fused anteriorly with dorsal shield .................Indoseiulus Ehara Peritrematic shields fused anteriorly with dorsal shield...................................................2 2. Either or both setae J2 and S4 absent...............................................................................3 Both setae J2 and S4 present............................................................................................6 3. Seta S4 present; seta J2 absent ......................................................Proprioseiopsis Muma Seta S4 and J2 absent .......................................................................................................4 4. Dorsal shield without lateral incision at level of seta s4 ........................... Okiseius Ehara Dorsal shield with lateral incision at level of seta s4 .......................................................5 5. Seta S2 present ............................................................................... Amblyseiulella Muma Seta S2 absent.........................................................Paraphytoseius Swirski and Shechter 6. Chelicerae tiny; 2 or all 3 pairs of preanal setae more or less in a transverse line on anterior part of preanal region.......................................................... Euseius Wainstein Chelicerae not tiny; 2 or all 3 pairs of preanal setae not in a transverse line on anterior part of preanal region, with exceptions ........................................................................7 7. Macrosetae present on leg IV, absent on legs I–III (may be scarcely discernible on leg III in N. haimatus) ...........................................................................Neoseiulus Hughes Macrosetae present on legs I–IV (sometimes absent on legs I and II).............................8 8. Posterior margin of sternal shield trilobate .................................. Typhlodromalus Muma Posterior margin of sternal shield nearly straight or concave ..........................................9 9. Seta Z5 much longer than distance between bases of Z5; tarsus I with an erect macroseta near base......................................................................................... Amblyseius Berlese Seta Z5 shorter than, or approximately as long as distance between bases of Z5 (except for T. ochii and T. indocalami); tarsus I without an erect proximal seta ........................ .................................................................................................Typhlodromips De Leon Genus Neoseiulus Hughes, 1948 Neoseiulus Hughes, 1948: 141; Muma and Denmark 1968: 235; Muma et al. 1971: 100; Beard 2001: 79; Chant and McMurtry 2003a: 15. [Type species: Neoseiulus barkeri Hughes, 1948, by original designation] Amblyseius (Neoseiulus): Ehara and Amano 1998 (in part): 28. The genus Neoseiulus can be distinguished from Typhlodromips by the absence of macrosetae on legs I–III. However, genu III may bear a scarcely discernible macroseta in N. haimatus. Leg IV of this genus is usually provided with 1 macroseta on the basitarsus, and may bear 1 macroseta each on the genu and tibia. The posterior margin of the sternal shield is nearly straight or concave in Japanese species. Japanese Amblyseiinae 3 Key to Species of the Genus Neoseiulus in Japan (Females) 1. Setae j4 to j6 and J2 longer than distances between their bases ..... womersleyi (Schicha) Setae j4 to j6 and J2 shorter than distances between their bases......................................2 2. Atrium of spermatheca very large, bifurcate at junction with major duct .......................3 Atrium of spermatheca not bifurcate at junction with major duct ...................................4 3. Genu IV with macroseta.......................................................................... makuwa (Ehara) Genu IV without macroseta.......................................................................barkeri Hughes 4. All 3 pairs of preanal setae and pores on anterior one-third to two-fifths of preanal region of ventrianal shield............................................................................................5 At least 1 pair of preanal setae and pores not on anterior one-third to two-fifths of preanal region of ventrianal shield...............................................................................6 5. Seta Z5 about 20 µm long ...........................................................................hinoki (Ehara) Seta Z5 about 60 µm long ................................................................ repletus (Wu and Li) 6. Leg IV with 3 macrosetae ................................................................................................7 Leg IV with 1 macroseta ..................................................................................................9 7. Dorsal shield slender; ventrianal shield oval..........................................inabanus (Ehara) Dorsal shield not slender; ventrianal shield approximately pentagonal...........................8 8. Seta Z5 approximately as long as Z4 ...........................................................yanoi (Ehara) Seta Z5 noticeably longer than Z4 .........................................................haimatus (Ehara) 9. Seta Z4 approximately as long as S4 ...............................................bicaudus (Wainstein) Seta Z4 noticeably longer than S4..................................................................................10 10. Seta Z4 approximately as long as distance to base of S5........... californicus (McGregor) Seta Z4 much shorter than distance to base of S5......koyamanus (Ehara and Yokogawa) 1. Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor, 1954) Typhlodromus californicus McGregor, 1954: 89, figs. 1–4. [Type locality: Whittier, California, U.S.A.; type habitat: lemon] Typhlodromus chilenensis Dosse, 1958: 55, figs. 11–15. [Type loc.: Chile; type hab.: Eichhornia crassipes L.] Synonymy by Athias-Henriot (1977) Amblyseius chilenensis: González and Schuster 1962: 10, fig. 3; Ehara 1964: 383, figs. 9–16. Cydnodromus californicus: Athias-Henriot 1977: 62, figs. 10, 13, 14, 18, 27–29. Neoseiulus californicus: Moraes et al. 1986: 73; Chant and McMurtry 2003a: 21. Amblyseius californicus: Ehara and Amano 1993: 10, fig. 5. Amblyseius (Amblyseius) californicus: Ehara et al. 1994: 126. Amblyseius (Neoseiulus) californicus: Ehara and Amano 1998: 33. Basitarsus IV with distinct macroseta; tibia and genu IV with macroseta practically absent to scarcely discernible. Spermathecal calyx considerably variable in shape. In Japan this mite was found preying on the cyclamen mite, Phytonemus pallidus (Banks), on Boehmeria nivea Gaud. in Meguro, Tokyo (Ehara,