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WG7 Ch 3.3 History of Mexico

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WG7 Ch 3.3 History of Mexico WORLD GEOGRAPHY 7 CH 3 SECTION 3 HISTORY OF MEXICO I. THE MAYA AND THE AZTECS (PP. 102-103) A. PRESENT DAY MEXICO WAS SETTLED ___________________11,000 YEARS AGO BY NATIVE GROUPS IN THE VALLEY_________________. OF MEXICO B. AROUND ___________7000 YEARS AGO, THE SETTLERS BEGAN GROWING __________.MAIZE THIS ALLOWED THEIR POPULATION TO ____________.GROW C. BY ___________1000 B.C. AN ORGANIZED SOCIETY CALLED THE __________OLMEC LIVED ALONG THE SOUTHERN ______________.COAST Â THEY WOULD HAVE A MAJOR INFLUENCE ON LATER, LARGER CIVILIZATIONS SUCH AS THE _____________MAYANS WHO LIVED ON THE _____________________.YUCATAN PENINSULA D. AROUND _______100 B.C. THE _________MAYA BEGAN DEVELOP INTO A _____________.CIVILIZATION E. THE ___________MAYANS USED ____________________HEIROGLYPHYICS TO COMMUNICATE. THEY ALSO STUDIED THE ________,SUN ___________,MOON _____________,PLANETS AND __________STARS WHICH ALLOWED THEM TO DEVELOP A ________________-CALENDAR CALLED THE ___________________.LONG COUNT F. BY _____________A.D. 900 THE ___________MAYAN CIVILIZATION DECLINED, AND HISTORIANS ARE UNSURE AS TO WHY. POSSIBLE REASONS INCLUDE VIOLENT_______________-, CONFLICT ________________,OVERPOPULATION AND _____________.OVERFARMING G. AFTER THE MAYA DECLINED THE ____________AZTECS GAINED POWER IN MEXICO. THEY SETTLED NEAR MODERN DAY _______________MEXCIO CITY AROUND _______________.A.D. 1325 THEIR CAPITAL WOULD BE ____________________TENOCHTITLAN NEAR LAKE TEXOCOCO. H. THE __________AZTECS BUILT A LARGE ______________EMPIRE BY CONQUERING NEIGHBORING LANDS. THE PEOPLE THE CONQUERED WOULD SERVE AS ____________,SLAVES BUILDING MORE CITIES FOR THEIR MASTERS. THEY ALSO GAINED WEALTH BY FORCING CONQUERED PEOPLE TO PAY ______________TRIBUTE IN THE FORM OF __________,MONEY _____________,CROPS OR OTHER GOODS. I. THE __________AZTECS WOULD REMAIN DOMINANT UNTIL THE ARRIVAL OF THE ___________SPANISH IN THE 1500S. II. THE CONQUISTADORS (PP. 104-105) A. AFTER COLUMBUS, ______________SPAIN TOOK CONTROL OF MANY CARIBBEAN ISLANDS. B. IN ____________,1518 ________________HERNAN CORTES LANDED IN _____________MEXICO WITH ABOUT _________500 SOLDIERS. HE WAS A __________________,CONQUISTADOR MEANING SOLDIER-EXPLORER_______________. C. CORTES QUICKLY LEARNED THAT THE RUMORS OF ____________AZTEC WEALTH WERE TRUE. D. THE RULER OF THE AZTECS, _____________________MONTEZUMA WELCOMED ___________,CORTES SEEING HIM AS SOME FORM OF __________.GOD E. HOWEVER, WITHIN ______________,THREE ____________CORTES WOULD KILL ______________MONTEZUMA AND CAPTURE ____________________.TENOCHTITLAN F. HE ORDERED THE CITY TO BE BURNED, AND BUILT _____________________MEXICO CITY PROCLAIMING SPANISH DOMINANCE OVER THIS AREA FOR THE FORESEEABLE FUTURE. G. THE SPANISH HAD _______,GUNS ______________SWORDS AND _____________ARMOR WHERE THE AZTECS DID NOT. H. THE ____________SPANISH ALSO HAD __________HORSES AND ___________,DOGS WHICH WERE AN ADDED ADVANTAGE. I. IN ADDITION, MANY TRIBES ____________HATED THE AZTECS AND CHOSE TO __________FIGHT ALONGSIDE THE SPANISH. J. THE BIGGEST ADVANTAGE THAT THE SPANISH UNKNOWINGLY HAD WAS THE _____________DISEASES THEY CARRIED WITH THEM. THE NATIVES _________________IMMUNE SYSTEMS COULD NOT FIGHT THEM OFF AND MANY WERE KILLED DUE TO THIS. K. FROM THEIR BASE IN ___________,MEXICO THE SPANISH WENT ON TO CONQUER ALMOST ALL OF__________________SOUTH AMERICA AND ______________________,CENTRAL AMERICA BUILDING THEIR OWN EMPIRE. III. MEXICAN INDEPENDENCE (106-107) A. IN THE EARLY ______________1800’s COLONIAL MEXICO WAS DIVIDED INTO ________________________.SOCIAL CLASSES B. AT THE TOP WERE ____________________PENINSULARES (PEOPLE BORN IN SPAIN). NEXT WERE __________________CRIOLLOS (PEOPLE OF SPANISH BACKGROUND BORN IN MEXICO. THIRD WERE _____________________,MESTIZOS PEOPLE OF MIXED __________________SPANISH AND _____________________NATIVE HERITAGE. Â LASTLY, THE LOWEST CLASS WERE __________________________NATIVE AMERICANS AND ________________.SLAVES C. IN 1810, ___________________________MIGUEL HIDALGO LED A REVOLT AGAINST THE PENINSULARES. HIS ARMY OF NEARLY _________________100,000 KILLED MANY PENINSULARES AND CRIOLLOS WHILE CAPTURING MANY MEXICAN CITIES. D. EVENTUALLY, HOWEVER, ___________________’SHIDALGO ARMY WOULD BE DEFEATED AND ON ____________________JULY 30 1811 ___________________MIGUEL HIDALGO WAS EXECUTED. E. ____________________JOSE MORELOS THEN TOOK OVER LEADERSHIP OF MEXICO’S INDEPENDENCE MOVEMENT. F. IN ______________1813 HE AND HIS FOLLOWERS DECLARED ______________MEXICO INDEPENDENT FROM ___________,SPAIN MAKING ______________MEXICO A REPUBLIC. G. THE SPANISH GOVERNMENT DIDN’T ACCEPT THE DECLARATION AND AFTER TWO YEARS OF TRACKING HIM, ____________________MORELOS WOULD ALSO BE _________________.EXECUTED H. IN _______________,1821 COLONEL________________________ AUGUSTIN DE ITURBIDE UNITED REBELS AGAINST SPAIN. THIS UNIFIED FORCE DEFEATED SPANISH TROOPS AND IN ___________1821 SPAIN SIGNED A TREATY GRANTING INDEPENDENCE TO MEXICO. I. UPON VICTORY, _______________ITURBIDE DECLARED HIMSELF EMPEROR OF MEXICO, BUT WAS ULTIMATELY WAS REMOVED BY _________________________.ANTONIO LOPEZ DE SANTA ANNA IN ___________,1823 ______________ITURBIDE EXILED HIMSELF. J. UNDER __________________’SSANTA ANNA LEADERSHIP, MEXICO WOULD GAIN A CONSTITUTION IN ____________1824 AND FULL FREEDOM FROM SPAIN IN ______________.1830 IV. THE U.S.-MEXICAN WAR (108-109) A. MEXICO’S LANDS STRETCHED FROM _____________TEXAS TO _______________CALIFORNIA AND NORTHWARD TO ________________.UTAH B. AT FIRST, TO ENTICE AMERICAN SETTLERS TO THEIR LAND, THE MEXICAN GOVERNMENT OFFERED ________________LAND GRANTS TO SETTLERS WHO WOULD SETTLE IN PRESENT DAY ___________.TEXAS C. BY ____________1830 MEXICO STARTED BLOCKING FURTHER DEVELOPMENT, CREATING HOSTILITIES BETWEEN THE MEXICAN______________ GOV’T AND SETTLERS____________ FROM TEXAS. D. THE TWO SIDES WOULD COME TO BLOWS WHEN REBELS FROM TEXAS BEGAN TO FIGHT MEXICAN FORCES. IN ____________,1836 IN A BATTLE THAT LASTED _______13 DAYS, MEXICAN FORCES KILLED ALL OF THE TEXAN REBELS AT WHAT BECAME KNOWN AS THE __________.ALAMO E. THE NEXT MONTH, UNDER GENERAL _____________________,SAM HOUSTON THE TEXAN ARMY DEFEATED SANTA ANNA’S TROOPS AT THE BATTLE______________________. OF SAN JACINTO F. AFTER DEFEATING MEXICO, THE REBELS CREATED THE ________________________.REPUBLIC OF TEXAS HOWEVER, AFTER MANY DIFFICULTIES, THE REPUBLIC OFFICIALLY JOINED THE UNITED STATES IN ___________.1845 G. WITH THE ADDITION OF ____________,TEXAS THE UNITED STATES SET THE SOUTHERN BORDER AT THE _____________________.RIO GRANDE RIVER MEXICO DISPUTED THIS CLAIM, LEADING TO THE U.S.-MEXICAN WAR. H. THE WAR LASTED _________2 YEARS, AND IN THE LOSS, SANTA ANNA GAVE THE UNITED STATES THE LANDS FROM PRESENT DAY __________________TEXAS TO _________________.CALIFORNIA I. IN AN ARRANGEMENT KNOWN AS THE __________________,GASDEN PURCHASE SANTA ANNA WOULD SELL ADDITIONAL LAND TO THE U.S. J. THIS LED TO GROWING OPPOSITION IN MEXICO TOWARD SANTA ANNA, AND HE WAS FORCED OUT OF OFFICE IN ____________.1854 HE WAS REPLACED BY PRESIDENT BENITO_________________ JUAREZ IN 1857 WHO BEGAN A PERIOD CALLED _____________,LA REFORMA WHICH WAS A CIVIL WAR OF SORTS IN MEXICO. V. THE MEXICAN REVOLUTION (110-111) A. UPON JUAREZ’ S DEATH, _____________________GENERAL PORFIRIO DIAZ BECAME DICTATOR. B. THE ________________________MEXICAN REVOLUTION WAS A FIGHT FOR LAND REFORM. __________________EMILIANO ZAPATA AND ________________________PANCHO VILLA LED THE STRUGGLE WHICH LASTED NEARLY ________10 YEARS AND WOULD KILL MORE THAN ______________ONE MILLION MEXICANS. 1. WHO WAS THE LEADER OF THE AZTECS? 2. WHO LED THE SPANISH FORCES THAT CAPTURED TENOTCHITLAN? 3. WHAT WAS THE GREATEST WEAPON USED BY THE SPANISH, EVEN THOUGH THEY DIDN’T KNOW THEY WERE USING IT AT THE TIME? 4. WHO BEGAN THE CHARGE FOR MEXICAN INDEPENDENCE? 5. WHO TOOK UP THAT CHARGE WHEN #4 WAS EXECUTED? 6. WHO WOULD ULTIMATELY OBTAIN MEXICAN INDEPENDENCE? 7. WHO WILL TAKE POWER FROM #6? 8. WHAT DID MEXICO OFFER TO SETTLER TO LURE THEM TO THEIR TERRITORY? 9. WHERE WOULD A BATTLE TAKE PLACE BETWEEN REBELS FROM TEXAS AND THE MEXICAN ARMY THAT WOULD END IN MEXICAN VICTORY AFTER 13 DAYS? 10. ONCE TEXAS IS FORMALLY ADDED TO THE UNITED STATES, WHERE IS THE NEW SOUTHERN BORDER FOR THE UNITED STATES SET AT?.
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