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Directorate General of Water Resources Ministry of Public Works Republic of Indonesia 1 • Information for Preventive Investment

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Directorate General of Water Resources Ministry of Public Works Republic of Indonesia 1 • Information for Preventive Investment Water –related Disaster Risk Information for Risk Reduction June 23, 2014 The 6th Asian Ministerial Conference on Disaster Risk reduction in Bangkok, Thailand Directorate General of Water Resources Ministry of Public Works Republic of Indonesia 1 • Information for Preventive Investment • Information for Preparedness and Response • Summary 2 Disaster Risk Management • Mitigation DISASTER Response to prevent disasters Preparedness • Preparedness to ensure effective response Recovery • Response Mitigation to reduce adverse impacts during the flooding • Recovery to assist the affected communities to rebuild themselves We need to consider what information is necessary in accordance with each stage 3 Effect of Preventive Investment • Investment for prevention can reduce disaster damages largely In case of “TOKAI devastating flood” in Japan 2000, Prior investments of JPY71.6 billion made it possible to reduce disaster damage by about JPY550 billion. Effect of disaster prevention projects: Equivalent of approx. Amount of damage: JPY550 billion Approx. Waterlogged conditions due to heavy downpours in Tokai region JPY670 billion After implementation of projects: Estimated amount of Projects costs: damage:Approx. * Special Emergency Project for Shonai River JPY 120 billion JPY 71.6 billion in total and Shin River Disaster Prevention Strategies(2000 to 2004). Amount of disaster damage Estimated amount of Costs for preventing incurred from heavy damage after recurrence of disasters* downpour in Tokai region implementation of projects 4 Number of Fatalities (people) 10,000 (logarithmic) 1,000 100 10 1 Flood Management Cost (2000 price) Effect of Preventive Investment Effect ofPreventive GDP 1946 Number ←Typhoon Kathleen Water *Number of fatalities exclude those who dead by tsunamiby dead thosewho exclude *Number offatalities price), 1946-1979(1990 : *GDP1980-2011(2000 price) ←Typhoon Ion ←Typhoon Kitty 1951 and ‐ related ←Typhoon Jane ←Typhoon Ruth of 1956 Budget ←West‐Japan Flood Fatalities Disasters ←Typhoon Toyamaru 1961 ←Isahaya Flood ←Typhoon Karinogawa for Statistics ←Typhoon Ise‐ 1966 ←TyphoonBay No.24, No.26 Flood ←West‐Japan Water Disaster by GDP (2000 price) ←Second Typhoon Muroto 1971 water in Management Japan ←Typhoon No.6, No.7, No.9 1976 ‐ related 1981 ←Typhoon No.17 Number 1986 ←Typhoon No.6, Landslide in disasters Nagano in ←West‐Japan Water Disaster of Fatalities JAPAN 1991 ←Nagasaki Water Disaster ←Western‐Sanin Water Disaster ←Typhoon No.17, No.18, No.19 in 1996 Pyroclastic flow of Unzen‐Fugen‐ (2000 Dake ←August Flood in Kyusyu Flood JAPAN 2001 ←Tokai Flood Management Cost GDP(2000 price) ←Debris Flow in Kagoshima Harihara year ←Fukushima Tochigi Flood, Kochi Flood (hundred 2006 ←Debris Flow in Hiroshima Kumamoto Flood price) of <billion <100,000> <200,000> <300,000> <400,000> <500,000> <600,000> <0> (2000 million 0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 price) yen> yen) 5 Disaster Risk Management Information for Preventive Investment • Evaluate the Risk - Hazard expressed in terms of frequency - Exposure of human activities - Vulnerability of elements at risk • Show (1) the Current level of Risk (2) the Effect of Preventive Investment • Monitor the Progress 6 Current level of Risk and Effect of Preventive Investment • Necessary to be understandable for Public and Policy-makers • Case of YAHAGI river in JAPAN Goal of mid‐term improvement plan (Return period) : about 50 years Current Level of Risk ‐ Area under possibility of inundation: 7,300 ha (as of 2009) ‐ Population in the above area : 130,000 ‐ Houses in the above area : 50,000 Effect of Preventive Investment : Zero (Upstream) Propose Solutions TOYOTA City TOYOTA City OKAZAKI ANJO City City Total Cost for Investment: 39.9 billion JPY HEKINAN City HEKINAN Total Benefit City (assets and properties which are protected from flood by investment) Inundation NISHIO NISHIO Depth City 752.2 billion JPY City (as of 2009) (Sea) 7 Monitor the Progress • Indicators to monitor progress • Sample Indicators (The 3rd five-year plan on infrastructure development) - Increase in rate of river improvement to the mid-term goals (equivalent to about 50-year floods) Length of improved rivers ＝ Length of rivers which are to be improved for the mid‐term goals Current (end of JFY 2011) Goal after 5 years (end of JFY 2016) Rivers managed by Central Gov. : 72% Rivers administrated by Central : 76% Rivers managed by Prefecture Gov.: 57% Rivers administrated by Prefectures: 59% - Reduction of the number of houses which will be still under possibility of inundation in case of flood recurrence Current （end of JFY 2011） Goal (end of JFY 2016) about 61,000 houses about 41,000 houses 8 Economic Losses Caused by Floods • Inundation area decreasing, but Density of Flood Damage increasing, due to urbanization Density of Damage Cost Damage to General Assets (thousand yen / ha) (10 billion yen) 70000 140 60000 120 50000 100 40000 80 Inundated area 30000 (10,000 ha) 60 20000 20 40 10000 10 20 0 0 0 1962 1967 1972 1977 1982 1987 1992 1997 2002 2007 Total Inundated Area (10,000ha) Water‐related Disasters Statistics in JAPAN Area of Inundated (Residential & Other Property) (10,000ha) Density of Flood Damage to General Assets0 Damage to General Assets (2000 Price) 9 Information at Preparedness and Response Stage • Natural Dam in Way Ela River, Ambon, Indonesia Natural Dam (H=170m, V=25mil m3) by large‐scale landslides in July 2012 Ambon Jakarta Reservoir Natural Landslide Dam Approximately 5,000 local residents lived 2 km downstream from natural dam Negari Lima Village Source; Ministry of Public Works 10 Information at Preparedness and Response Stage Case of Natural Dam in Indonesia What is necessary information in this case? • Real‐time Water level Because… ‐ major mechanism of natural dam collapse is erosion caused by overflow from reservoir ‐ local community needs criteria for the effective evacuation by water level 11 Information at Preparedness and Response Stage Case of Natural Dam in Indonesia • Installation of Real‐time Water level gauge Installation in Feb. 2013 • Decision of Warning Water level for Evacuation Order 195 (m) Water Level in Reservoir in July 2013 194 193 191m (Level for Evacuation order ) 192 25th : overflow and collapse 191 190 (date) 189 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 20 21 22 23 24 25 12 Case of Natural Dam in Indonesia • Houses of 422 households, 2,600 residents, were destroyed • Most residents evacuated to safe places before debris flood reached the village ( 3 persons dead and missing ) Negeri Lima Village Village was heavily destroyed by debris flood caused by collapse of natural dam Natural Dam Reservoir Source; Ministry of Public Works 13 Summary • Necessary information differs in accordance with stages • Information is necessary to be understandable to the public as well as decision-makers • Preventive Investment (Mitigation) is quite effective to reduce disaster risk • Collaboration and Information Sharing among related stakeholders is quite significant at Preparedness and Response Stage 14 ありがとうございます 15.
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