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Home , Abbadia a Isola, Andrea della Robbia, Basilio Cascella, Bernardo Buontalenti, Bernardo Rossellino, Cestello Annunciation

TUSCANY TRAVELS THROUGH ART

Searching for beauty in the footsteps of great artists TRAVELS THROUGH ART Searching for beauty in the footsteps of great artists

For the first time, a guide presents itineraries that let you discover the lives and works of the great artists who have made Tuscany unique.

Architects, sculptors, painters, draughtsmen, inventors and unrivalled genius– es have claimed Tuscany as their native land, working at the service of famous patrons of the arts and leaving a heritage of unrivalled beauty throughout the territory.

This guide is essential not only for readers approaching these famous names, ranging from Cimabue to Modigliani, for the first time, but also for those intent on enriching their knowledge of art through new discoveries.

An innovative approach, a different way of exploring the art of Tuscany through places of inspiration and itineraries that offer a new look at the illustrious mas– ters who have left their mark on our history.

IN THE ITINERARIES, SOME IMPORTANT PLACES IS PRESENTED ** DON’T MISS * INTERESTING

EACH ARTIST’S MAIN FIELD OF ACTIVITY IS DISCUSSED

ARCHITECT CERAMIST ENGINEER MATHEMATICIAN PAINTER SCIENTIST WRITER SCULPTOR

Buon Voyage on your reading trip! Index of artists

4 Leona Battista Alberti 56 Caravaggio 116 168 The Pollaiolo Brothers 6 58 Galileo Chini 118 170 8 62 Cimabue 120 172 Raffaello Sanzio 10 64 Matteo Civitali 124 Ambrogio Lorenzetti 174 12 Beato Angelico 68 128 176 Bernardo Rossellino 14 Arnolfo di Cambio 72 130 Marino Marini 180 16 Baccio Bandinelli 76 132 182 Antonio da Sangallo 18 80 134 the Elder and the Younger 20 84 Duccio da Boninsegna 136 Masolino 184 Giuliano da Sangallo 24 86 138 Buonarroti 186 Sano di Pietro 28 88 142 Michelozzi 190 Andrea Sansovino 32 90 and Benedetto Ghirlandaio 146 Giovanni Michelucci 192 34 92 148 194 Sodoma 38 96 Ridolfo del Ghirlandaio 150 The Orcagna Brothers 198 Ardengo Soffici 42 100 Francesco di Giorgio Martini 154 Perugino 200 Il Tribolo 44 102 156 202 46 Benedetto Buglioni 104 Luca Giordano 158 Pietro da Cortona 204 50 108 di Bondone 162 208 Il Vecchietta 52 110 164 Giovanni Pisano 210 54 114 166 Discovery a

 LASTRA A SIGNA (FI) BASILICA DELLA SANTISSIMA ANNUNZIATA PIEVE DI S. MARTINO Piazza della Santissima Annunziata A GANGALANDI www.annunziata.xoom.it

Via Leon Battista Alberti, 37 GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY Cupola Apse 1468-1476.

1473-1476. a  PALAZZO RUCELLAI Via della Vigna Nuova, 18

1455-1465. leon battista alberti (genoa, 1404 - , 1472) BASILICA DI ARCHITECT, ARCHITECTURAL THEORIST, MATHEMATICIAN, HUMANIST Piazza Santa Maria Novella www.smn.it

Alberti, member of a distinguished Florentine family exiled for political ** Facade reasons, studied canon law at the University of and worked for the 1458-1470. Papal Chancery as abbreviatore (draftsman of deeds). He came to Florence in the entourage of Eugene IV, who appointed him of the Pieve MUSEO MARINO MARINI di San Martino a Gangalandi in 1432. Through his important role at the papal Piazza San Pancrazio court, he became acquainted with the great patrons of art of the day, among www.museomarinomarini.it

them the extraordinary patron Giovanni Rucellai, for whom he designed and * Tempietto del Santo Sepolcro implemented in Florence an extensive celebratory programme: the palazzo 1464-1467. in Via della Vigna, the family in San Pancrazio with the Tempietto del Santo Sepolcro and the marble façade of the Dominican church of Santa Ma- ria Novella. He also completed the circular chancel of the Florentine church of SS. Annunziata, financed by the Marchese di Mantova. Alberti is renowned for his treatises on as well – De pictura, De statua and De re edificatoria – which were widely read and acclaimed. In these works he gave a ‘modern’ interpretation of the architectural lexicon of classical antiquity. 6 Discovery bartolomeo ammannati a

 FLORENCE  (PI)

* PALAZZO GRIFONI ABBAZIA DEI SS. GIUSTO Piazza della Santissima Annunziata, 1 E CLEMENTE of Neptune Piazza XXV Aprile 1557-1574. 1563-1577, marble. GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY Facade PALAZZO GIUGNI Late 16th century. Via degli Alfani, 48 Via di Castello, 47 www.polomuseale.firenze.it ** PALAZZO VITI 1570-1577. via dei Sarti, 41 Hercules and Antaeus a PALAZZO RAMIREZ 1559-1560, bronze. Late 16th century.

DI MONTALVO The Apennine Colossus Albizi, 26 1563-1565, bronze.  1568. MUSEO NAZIONALE DEL bartolomeo ammannati CHIESA DI SANTA MARIA A GRADI Via del Proconsolo, 4 (settignano,1511 - Florence, 1592) Piazza Santa Maria a Gradi PALAZZO DI SFORZA ALMENI www.bargellomusei.beniculturali.it

ARCHITECT, SCULPTOR Via de' Servi, 12 1559.

Fountain of Juno 1555-1561, marble. Despite the famous jibe aimed his Neptune in Piazza della Signoria – Amman- PALAZZO MONDRAGONE nato, quanto marmo hai sprecato! (What a lot of marble you’ve wasted!) – a Via de' Banchi, 4  SERAVEZZA (LU)

remark that may be attributable to intense rivalry among the artists who EX COLLEGIO DEGLI SCOLOPI 1570. CHIESA DI S.GIOVANNINO PALAZZO MEDICEO

worked at the court of Grand Duke Cosimo, Ammannati was a good sculptor DEGLI SCOLOPI via Leonetto Amadei, 358 and an outstanding architect. CASA DEL CANTO ALLA CATENA Piazza San lorenzo, 6 A great student of antiquity, he developed a style that synthesised ancient Via degli Alfani, 32-34 Virgin and Child modes and the stylistic trends of the Florentine , which was to 1571. 1560-1564. 1575. lead to the great revolution of in architecture. Exemplary of this style is the courtyard of , where the architectural orders of Vit- OPERA MEDICEA LAURENZIANA ** PONTE BIBLIOTECA MEDICEA  ruvius meld with Florentine rusticated stone to achieve Mannerist solutions, LAURENZIANA bizarre and wholly innovative. 1567-1569. Piazza San lorenzo, 9 PALAZZO DUCALE

Backed up by the patronage of Cosimo, and even more of his wife Eleonora, www.operamedicealaurenziana.org Cortile Carrara, 1 www.palazzoducale.lucca.it Ammannati travelled widely in Tuscany, leaving numerous examples of his PALAZZO PITTI Piazza de' Pitti, 1 Library and vestibule style, which was highly appreciated in Rome as well. 1559-1571, to the design of 1578. www.polomuseale.firenze.it Michelangelo Buonarroti. ** Courtyard 1560-1568. 8 Discovery andrea del castagno a

 FLORENCE

CENACOLO DI SANT'APOLLONIA OSPEDALE S. MARIA NUOVA GALLERIA DEGLI via XVII Aprile, 1 Piazza S. Maria Nuova, 1 Piazzale degli Uffizi, 6 www.polomuseale.firenze.it www.fondazionesantamarianuova.it www.uffizi.it

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY ** , Deposition, and Saints ** Cycle of illustrious men Resurrection, Crucifixion 1440-1441, detached and women 1455-1465, frescoes and sinopites. (visible upon special request) 1448-1451, detached frescoes.

Virgin and Child with Saints BASILICA DELLA CATTEDRALE S. MARIA DEL FIORE 1444, detached fresco SANTISSIMA ANNUNZIATA Piazza del Duomo (Collezione Contini Bonacossi). a Piazza della Santissima Annunziata www.ilgrandemuseodelduomo.it

www.annunziata.xoom.it Deposition from the Cross andrea del castagno St. Julian and the Redeemer 1444, window in the drum of the cupola. (Castagno di San Godenzo, 1421 ca. –Florence, 1457) 1451, fresco. ** Equestrian monument to PAINTER * and Saints Niccolò da Tolentino 1455, fresco. 1456, detached fresco.

Andrea di Bartolo di Bargilla, known as ‘del Castagno’ from the town where he was born, probably trained with Paolo Uccello and Filippo Lippi, but then drew inspiration from Masaccio and Donatello. Already in the Crucifixion of S. Maria Nuova, the influence of Masaccio can be seen in the con- struction of the scene and the volumes of the figures, while in the Trinity of Santissima Annunziata the artist combines expressiveness and realism in a style more reminiscent of Donatello. His studies on the representation of mo- tion are well illustrated by the Niccolò da Tolentino in the Florence . Andrea was the assistant of in the Florentine church of Sant’Egidio, where he painted important frescoes that have since been lost. After a stay in , he designed the cartoon for the stained-glass window of from the Cross in the . His masterpiece in Florence consists however of the frescoes for the Cenacolo, or Last Supper, in Sant’Apollonia. Also of interest are the detached frescoes of the Cycle of Illustrious Men, now at the Uffizi, formerly at the Villa Carducci di Legnaia, where some frescoes visible only upon request, and for reasons of study, can be seen. Andrea died of the plague at Florence in 1457 and was buried in the 10 church of Santissima Annunziata. Discovery andrea del sarto a

 POGGIO A CAIANO (PO)

VILLA MEDICEA BASILICA DELLA SS. ANNUNZIATA GALLERIA PALATINA DI POGGIO A CAIANO Piazza SS. Annunziata PALAZZO PITTI piazza dei Medici, 14 annunziata.xoom.it Piazza de’ Pitti, 1

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY www.polomusealetoscana.beniculturali.it www.polomuseale.firenze.it * Stories of the Miracles of * Tribute to Caesar St. Filippo Benizzi San Gallo 1520 ca., fresco, 1509-1510, five frescoes, 1513-1514 ca., oil on wood. completed by . Chiostro dei voti. * Stories of Joseph Journey of the Magi 1515-1516 ca, oil on wood. * Disputation on the Trinity  1511, fresco, Chiostro dei voti. a Nativity of the Virgin 1517 ca., oil on wood. * Assunta Panciatichi DUOMO DI SANTA MARIA 1513-1514, fresco, Chiostro dei voti. 1522-1523, oil on wood. ASSUNTA del sacco andrea del sarto Piazza del Duomo 1525, fresco, Chiostro dei morti. The Young St.

(Florence, 1486 – 1530) www.opapisa.it 1523, oil on wood. GALLERIA DEGLI UFFIZI * Luco Pietà PAINTER 1523-1524, oil on wood. St. Agnes; St. Catherine and piazzale degli Uffizi, 6 St. Margaret; St. Peter and www.uffizi.it * Assunta Passerini A pupil of , Andrea d’Agnolo – known as Del Sarto – collaborat- St. John the Baptist 1526, oil on wood. ed later with , opening with him a workshop in Piazza del Grano. 1530 ca. Noli me tangere Annunciation of the Scala Hailed by Vasari as ‘the faultless Andrea’ for his exceptional skill, he created 1510 ca., oil on wood. 1528, oil on wood. Woman with a Basket of Spindles Gambassi Altarpiece a style of his own, drawing inspiration from the greatest artists of the time,  FLORENCE from Leonardo to to Michelangelo. The evolution of his style appears 1514-1515, oil on wood. 1528 ca., oil on wood. mainly in the frescoes in the Chiostro dei Voti at Santissima Annunziata and ** Madonna of the Harpies The Medici MUSEO DI SAN MARCO 1517, oil on wood. 1529, oil on wood. in the , where he harmoniously combines Leonardo’s sfu- Piazza San Marco, 3 Lady Reading Petrarch Madonna in Glory with mato with skilful composition reminiscent of Raphael, occasionally touching www.polomuseale.firenze.it 1528 ca., oil on wood. Four Saints on the monumentality typical of Michelangelo. Andrea was master of the Altar frontal of the Four Saints 1530, oil on wood.

‘School of the Annunziata’, so-called because it served as example to both 1509 ca. (Vallombrosa Altarpiece) Pontormo and Rosso Fiorentino in their frescoes for the church. After a stay 1528 ca., oil on wood. MUSEO DEL CENACOLO in , he came back to live in Florence, in a house on the corner of Via del CHIOSTRO DELLO SCALZO * Self-portrait DI ANDREA DEL SARTO Giusti and Via Gino Capponi, and most of his work is still to be found in the via Cavour, 69 fresco on tile, in storage via di , 16 www.polomuseale.firenze.it (formerly in the ). www.polomuseale.firenze.it city. Although he sometimes worked elsewhere, at Poggio a Caiano and in Pisa for instance, it is in Florence, a little outside of the historic centre, that his Self-portrait ** Monochrome frescoes with oil on canvas, in storage Last Supper famous Last Supper, the Cenacolo of San Salvi, is found. Among all the Floren- (formerly in the Vasari Corridor). 1511-1527, fresco. Stories of St. John the Baptist tine on this subject, it is considered the highest achievement. 1509-1526. 12 Discovery beato angelico a

 FLORENCE  VICCHIO DI MUGELLO (FI)

MUSEO DI SAN MARCO GALLERIA DEGLI UFFIZI MUSEO DI ARTE SACRA Piazza San Marco, 3 Piazzale degli Uffizi, 6 BEATO ANGELICO www.polomuseale.firenze.it www.uffizi.it Piazza Don Lorenzo Milani

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY www.piccoligrandimusei.it. * St. Peter the Martyr Altarpiece * Thebaid 1428-1429,tempera and gold on wood, 1418-1420, tempera on wood. in the Pinacoteca.. **  CORTONA (AR) * The Last Judgement 1435 ca., tempera on wood. 1431 ca.,in the Pinacoteca. *Virgin and Child MUSEO DIOCESANO ** Deposition from the Cross 1450 ca., tempera on wood. Piazza del Duomo, 1 a 1443 ca., in the Pinacoteca. www.cortonaweb.net * Lament 1436, in the Pinacoteca.  (FI) * Annunciation beato angelico 1432 ca., tempera ** San Marco Altarpiece (vicchio di mugello, 1395 ca. – rome, 1455) CHIESA E CONVENTO from the church of San Domenico. 1438-1440, in the Pinacoteca. DI SAN DOMENICO PAINTER ** Tabernacle of the Linaioli Piazza di San Domenico, 4 1433-1435, in the Pinacoteca. Guido di Pietro took the name of Fra Giovanni when he entered the monastery Panels for the Silver Cabinet Here the artist served as of San Domenico, at the foot of the Fiesole hillside. Vasari was the first to call of SS. Annunziata from 1450 al 1452. him ‘Angelic’ for the serene, untroubled holiness of his life, while the Church 1453 ca., in the Pinacoteca. Virgin with Angels and Saints 1430 ca., tempera on wood, agg. in 1500 has named him one of the Blessed. Crucifixion with St. Dominic and five Lunettes by Lorenzo di Credi, in the church. After training in Florence in ’s circle, he moved on from late- 1442 ca., in the first Cloister. Crucifixion Gothic and miniatures to Renaissance innovation, to Masaccio’s re- ** Crucifixion and Saints 1430 ca., fresco.

alistic sense of space and Brunelleschi’s perspective. In ’s work, 1441-1442 ca., fresco, light becomes the ‘diaphanous transparency that intensifies the crystalline in the Sala Capitolare. colours and contemplative tone of his images’. After moving to the monastery ** Annunciation  S. GIOVANNI of the Order of Reformed Dominicans at San Marco, in around 1436, he paint– 1450 ca., fresco, on the stairway VALDARNO (AR) ed mainly in fresco, a technique used to decorate the lunettes in the cloister, leading to the upper floor. the chapter room, the cells on the first floor and the sublime Annunciation at ** Painted cells MUSEO DELLA BASILICA DI 1440 ca. fresco, east corridor on the S. MARIA DELLE GRAZIE the top of the stairs. Other outstanding works are found at San Giovanni Val- upper floor. Piazza Masaccio, 8 darno and at Cortona. The artist died in Rome and was buried in Santa Maria ** Virgin and Child www.museidelvaldarno.it

sopra Minerva. 1450 ca.fresco, corridor. *Annunciation 1430 ca., tempera on wood.

14 Discovery arnolfo di cambio a

 FLORENCE  COLLE DI VAL D’ELSA (SI)

** BASILICA DI SANTA CROCE CASA-TORRE Piazza di Santa Croce DI ARNOLFO DI CAMBIO

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY www.santacroceopera.it Via del Castello, 63.

13th-14th century.

** CATTEDRALE SANTA MARIA DEL FIORE Piazza del Duomo a www.ilgrandemuseodelduomo.it

1296-1887.

arnolfo di cambio ** Piazza della Signoria (colle di val d’elsa, 1240 – florence, 1302-10) 14th century. ARCHITECT, SCULPTOR

Architect and sculptor, after having trained in such important worksites as the MUSEO DELL’OPERA DEL DUOMO Duomo of Orvieto and the Cathedral of , Arnolfo became the unrivalled Piazza del Duomo, 9 www.ilgrandemuseodelduomo.it protagonist of aesthetic innovations in Florence in the late thirteenth-early fourteenth century. The works that still today dominate the Florentine Madonna with the Glass Eyes architectural landscape were all designed by him: from Palazzo Vecchio to the 1296-1302, marble. body of the Church of S. Croce, from the Cathedral, Santa Maria del Fiore, to Boniface VIII the sixth and last belt of walls around the city. 1296-1302, marble. A many-faceted artist gifted with an innovative visual approach, he introduced Dormitio Virginis 1296-1302, marble. elements of realism into . His project for the facade of Santa Maria Santa Reparata del Fiore marked a turning point in the Gothic style, laying the bases for future 1296-1302, marble. Renaissance developments. In the new Museo dell’Opera del Duomo, a replica of his splendid facade on the scale of 1:1, inclusive of the original statues, is displayed.

16 Discovery baccio bandinelli b

 FLORENCE

PALAZZO MEDICI RICCARDI PIAZZA S. LORENZO GIARDINO DI BOBOLI Via Cavour, 3 Piazza de' Pitti, 1 www.palazzo-medici.it Monument to Giovanni delle www.polomuseale.firenze.it

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY Bande Nere * Orpheus and Cerberus 1540-1554, marble Jupiter 1519, marble. 1547-1549, marble. MUSEO NAZIONALE Apollo 1552-1556, marble. GALLERIA DEGLI UFFIZI DEL BARGELLO Ceres Piazzale degli Uffizi, 6 Via del Proconsolo, 4 www.bargellomusei.beniculturali.it 1547-1556, marble. www.uffizi.it b * Laocoon Bust of Cosimo I BASILICA DELLA SS. ANNUNZIATA 1520-1525, marble. 1540, marble. Piazza SS. Annunziata Adam and Eve annunziata.xoom.it

baccio bandinelli PALAZZO VECCHIO 1547-1549, marble. The Body of Christ in the Arms (Florence 1488 – 1560) Piazza della Signoria Jason www.museicivicifiorentini..fi.it bronze. of St. Nicodemus ARCHITECT, SCULPTOR Leda and the Swan 1554-1559, marble.

Clement VII bronze. Bandinelli was the unrivalled protagonist of Florentine court Mannerism, 1542 ca., marble. Cleopatra MUSEO DELL’OPERA DEL DUOMO aimed at celebrating the Medici as dukes and kings of Florence and Tuscany. Giovanni delle Bande Nere bronze. Piazza del Duomo, 9 1542 ca., marble. Hercules www.ilgrandemuseodelduomo.it Working mainly as sculptor, and recently rediscovered as draughtsman, he displays a muscular, massive style revealing an interpretation brought to an Alessandro de' Medici bronze. 1542 ca., marble. Cosimo de’ Medici and Eleonora * Chancel of the Duomo excess – at times redundant – of the great Michelangelo. 1547-1572, marble. Grand Duke Cosimo I de’ Medici di Toledo Harshly criticised by his rivals, such as Cellini, Bandinelli is often recalled for his 1542 ca., marble. bronze. sharp, quarrelsome nature, resulting to some extent from the atmosphere of Bestowing Blessings  intense rivalry among the artists who worked for Grand Duke Cosimo. However, 1542 ca., marble. CARRARA BASILICA DI SANTA CROCE the Duke always favoured Bandinelli, bestowing on him the eternal fame that Piazza di Santa Croce, 16 PIAZZA DEL DUOMO still echoes in the descriptions of Vasari and in the Florentine piazzas. PIAZZA DELLA SIGNORIA www.santacroceopera.it Andrea Doria in the guise of * Hercules and Cacus God the Father Neptune or ‘the Giant’ 1525-1534, marble. 1547-1554, marble. 1529-1538, marble.

18 Discovery lorenzo bartolini b

PALAZZO COMUNALE ARCHIVIO DI PIAZZALE DEGLI UFFIZI DISEGNI DI LORENZO BARTOLINI PORTRAITS OF GREAT TUSCANS

MUSEO CIVICO DI PALAZZO PRETORIO Bust of the actor A. Luigi Vestri Niccolò Macchiavelli marble. 1835, marble. Piazza del Comune

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY www.palazzopretorio.prato.it GALLERIA PALATINA Leopoldo II Grand Duke of Tuscany  (PO) PALAZZO PITTI marble. Piazza de’ Pitti, 1 Bust of Bonapart CASA DELLA MEMORIA www.polomuseale.firenze.it via di Savignano, 21. marble. * Model of the funerary monu- ** Instructive Charity 1824, marble. b ment to Nicola Demidoff  FLORENCE alabaster white and pink marble. GALLERIA D’ARTE MODERNA Bust of Teresa Guiccioli Gamba BASILICA DI S. CROCE PALAZZO PITTI plaster. Piazza di S. Croce, 16 Piazza de’ Pitti, 1 lorenzo bartolini Joseph Bonapart Prince of www.operadisantacroce.it www.polomuseale.firenze.it (Savignano di Prato, 1777 – Florence 1850) Canino and Musignano Monument to Leon Battista plaster. Two busts of the Lorraine and SCULPTOR Alberti The Nymph Oceanina: Arnina Bourbon families plaster. 1836, marble. marble. Bartolini’s works played a central role in the development of sculpture in ** Sepulchral monument to Portrait of Maria Narystina Model of the Monument to Nicola Sofia Zamoyski nineteenth-century and Europe as a whole. After studying at the Acca- Contessa Gureeva Demidoff plaster. 1837-1844 , marble. demia di Belle Arti in Florence, he became a teacher there in 1839. Working 1837-1840, plaster. as the official sculptor of the Bonaparte family, he was awarded important Faith in God commissions thanks to the support of Napoleon’s sister, Elisa Baciocchi plaster. GIPSOTECA BARTOLINI DELLA GALLERIA DELL’ACCADEMIA Bartolini exhibited the vitality of a refined naturalism, evoking the tradition The Sleep of Innocence  PISA plaster. Via Ricasoli, 58/60 of the Florentine fifteenth-century sculptors. Portraits by him were in Dog with a Bird www.galleriadallaccademiafirenze. CAMPOSANTO MONUMENTALE great demand among the international world of culture and travellers on plaster. beniculturali.it Piazza del Duomo

the Grand Tour passing through Florence. The Galleria dell’Accademia contains, Portrait of Pope Pius IX www.opapisa.it 334 of the artist’s plaster models in the Gipsoteca named for him, two-thirds of the collection of plaster plaster. models found in his studio in the San Frediano quarter, while some of his Giovacchino Murat The Inconsolable, Mastiani tomb plaster. PIAZZA DEMIDOFF 1840, marble. are now in public and private collections the world over. Barto- lini was buried in the Basilica of SS. Annunziata in Florence. Portrait of Gioacchino Rossini ** Monument to Nicola Demidoff plaster. 1871, zuccherine marble, with .

20 Discovery fra bartolomeo b

 FLORENCE

MUSEO DI SAN MARCO Madonna and Child GALLERIA PALATINA Piazza San Marco, 3 1514 ca., fresco on terracotta (). Palazzo Pitti www.polomuseale.firenze.it Madonna and Child Piazza de’ Pitti, 1

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY 1514 ca., fresco on terracotta (tondo). www.polomuseale.firenze.it

* Portrait of Savonarola Christ and the Pilgrims on the 1498 ca., oil on wood. Ecce Homo Road to Emmaus 1508 ca., fresco on terracotta. * Last Judgement 1508-1509 ca., detached fresco 1499-1501, detached fresco, with (lunette). Lament for the Dead Christ Mariotto Albertinelli. 1511-1512, oil on wood. *St. Dominic, St. Thomas, St. Ecce Homo, St. Catherine of *Mystic Marriage of Vincenzo Ferrer, St. Ambrogio b Alexandria, St. Mary Magdalen, St. and Saints, Sansedoni and St. Peter the St. Dominic invoking silence, St. Pitti Altarpiece Martyr 1512, oil on wood. Thomas Aquinus, St. John the 1514 ca., frescoed lunettes. Baptist, St. Catherine of Siena, San Marco Virgin and Child with Saints, 1514-1516 ca., oil on wood transferred fra bartolomeo St. Anthony the Abbot the Cambi (Sofignano di Prato, 1473 – Florence, 1517) to canvas. 1506-1509 ca., frescoes on tile. 1509, oil on wood. Portrait of Savonarola as St. Peter *Salvator Mundi with the Four PAINTER the Martyr Evangelists GALLERIA DELL’ACCADEMIA 1508-1510, oil on wood. 1514-1516 ca., oil on wood, transferred Via Ricasoli, 58/60 Starting in 1476 the painter lived in Florence near Porta di San Pier Gattolini, * Virgin and Child, St. Anne and to canvas. giving rise to his nickname ‘della Porta’. He was a pupil of Cosimo Rosselli. www.galleriaaccademiafirenze. The Holy Family with St. Elizabeth other Saints, Altarpiece della beniculturali.it Under the influence of Savonarola’s preaching, he became one of the so- 1516 ca., oil on wood. Signoria or of the Gran Consiglio called Piagnone, followers of the . In 1498 he painted the Portrait 1510-1515, oil on wood. Sacra conversazione of Savonarola now in the Museo di San Marco of Florence, where several St. Vincenzo Ferrer 1512, oil on wood. GALLERIA DEGLI UFFIZI other outstanding works by him can be seen. During this time he decided to 1512, oil on wood. Isaiah Piazzale degli Uffizi, 6 1514-1516 ca., oil on wood. www.uffizi.it become a monk, living as a novice in Prato until 1501, when he moved to the Madonna of Santa Maria monastery of San Marco in Florence. Maddalena alle Caldine * Portia 1514, detached fresco (rectangular). 1514-1516 ca., oil on wood. The artist was in Venice in 1508 and Rome in 1514, where he almost certainly 1490-1495 ca., oil on wood. saw the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel frescoed by Michelangelo. In his maturity Madonna and Child Del Pugliese Tabernacle 1514 ca.,detached fresco (curved). he drew inspiration from the work of Leonardo and Raphael, attaining a kind 1500 ca., tempera on wood. Christ Bearing the Cross ** Apparition of the Virgin to of mediation between them. Struck by illness, he spent the last months of his 1514 ca., canvas transferred to wood. life at the Convento della Maddalena near Caldine in Val di Mugnone, which St. Bernard Christ the Judge with Angels 1504-1507, oil on wood. still today conserves beautiful works by him. He died there in 1517. Playing Trumpets 1514 ca., oil on wood. 22 Discovery fra b bartolomeo

 CALDINE IN VAL DI  VOLTERRA (PI) 

MUGNONE, FIESOLE (FI) DUOMO MUSEO CIVICO CONVENTO DELLA MADDALENA Piazza S. Giovanni Piazza del Duomo, 1 www.diocesivolterra.it www.comune.pistoia.it/museocivico Via Faentina, 402

St. Dominic and St. Francis * Annunciation St. Antony Distributing Alms 1497, tempera on wood. 1515 ca., oil on wood. Embracing 1516, fresco. S. Antony Reviving a Boy 1515 ca., oil on wood. Christ Bearing the Cross  (SI) detached fresco. * Annunciation MUSEO DIOCESANO D’ARTE SACRA  PESCIA (PT) 1515, fresco. Corso Il Rossellino, 30 Noli Me Tangere www.palazzoborgia.it PINACOTECA GALEOTTI 1517, fresco. Palazzo del Podestà

* Rest during the Flight into Egypt Piazza S. Stefano, 1 1500 ca., tempera and oil on canvas.  LUCCA Madonnas (attributed)

CATTEDRALE DI SAN MARTINO  PISA Piazza Antelminelli  (PI) www.diocesilucca.it CHIESA DI SANTA CATERINA Piazza Santa Caterina, 5 MUSEO DIOCESANO Virgin and Child with St. Stephan www.diocesidipisa.it Piazza Duomo and St. John the Baptist www.sanminiato.chiesacattolica.it 1509, oil on wood,with Mariotto Virgin and Child with St. Peter Albertinelli. and St. Paul Circumcision 1511, oil on wood.

MUSEO NAZIONALE DI  BIBBIENA (AR) VILLA GUINIGI  Via della Quarquonia AREZZO CHIESA DI SANTA MARIA www.luccamuseinazionali.it CASA VASARI DEL SASSO **God the Father in Glory with Via XX Settembre, 55 Via Santa Maria del Sasso, 1 www.museistataliarezzo.it www.santamariadelsasso.it St. Mary Magdalene and St. Catherine of Siena Christ Supported by Two Angels Assumption 1509, oil on wood transferred to canvas. 1514, oil on wood. completed in 1519 by Fra Paolino, Madonna della Misericordia oil on wood. 1515, oil on canvas.

Discovery domenico beccafumi b

 SIENA

MUSEO DELL’OPERA DEL DUOMO COMPLESSO MUSEALE DI SANTA PALAZZO CHIGI-SARACINI Piazza del Duomo, 8 MARIA DELLA SCALA via di Città, 89 www.operaduomo.siena.it Piazza del Duomo, 1 www.chigiana.it

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY www.santamariadellascala.com domenico beccafumi St. Paul Enthroned Virgin and Child with St. Anne (montaperti, 1486 – siena, 1551) 1515, oil on wood. * The Meeting of Joachim and 1520. Anne at the Golden Gate ** Mystic Marriage of PAINTER 1513, and friezes on the ceiling, fresco. St. Catherine of Siena DUOMO 1528, oil on wood. Beccafumi, a leading figure in Sienese Mannerism, trained in Florence in the **Elias orders Abdia to bring him PINACOTECA NAZIONALE DI SIENA b first decade of the 16th century with Fra Bartolomeo and Albertinelli. His Acab; Abdia brings Elia’s message PALAZZO BINDI-SERGARDI to Acab; Pact between Elias and via di S. Pietro, 29 first documented works date from 1513-14: the triptych with the Trinity be- pinacotecanazionale.siena.it Via dei Pellegrini Acab; Sacrifice of the priests of tween two pairs of saints in the Pinacoteca di Siena, formerly over the altar Baal; Sacrifice of Elias; Slaying in the chapel of the Manto in the Spedale, now a vestibule, which conserves a * Triptych of the Trinity Mythological and historical the prophets of Baal 1513, oil on wood. episodes of Rome large lunette frescoed with the Meeting of Joachim and Anna as well as deco- 1519-1524, decoration on the floor ** St. Catherine Receiving the Stig- 1520-1524, frescoes. rative friezes on the ceiling. from the artist’s drawings His long, prolific career unfolded almost entirely in Siena. The works stylisti- **Frescoes on ceiling of the apse mata with St. Benedict and St. 1515, oil on wood. CHIESA S. MARTINO cally datable as prior to 1518, the year when the frescoes in the Oratorio di S. 1535-1544. The Bellanti Madonna via del Porrione Bernardino are documented, include two altarpieces – St. Catherine Receiv- 151, oil on wood. ORATORIO DI S. BERNARDINO ing the Stigmata and St. Paul Enthroned – and the panel depicting Deucalion St. Lucia ** Nativity Piazza S. Francesco, 7 1524, oil on wood. and Pyrrha. A greater concern for imparting a sense of motion to the com- 1521, oil on wood. positions, as can be seen in the two frescoes in the Oratorio di S. Bernardino ** Marriage of the Virgin *St. Driving Out the (Marriage and Death of the Virgin), appears again in the four hexagons on 1518, fresco. Rebellious Angels CHIESA DI SAN NICOLA IN CARMINE 1524, oil on wood. the floor of the Duomo of Siena with Stories of Elias and Acabbo, and in the Madonna in Glory and Saints ** St. Michael Driving Out the Nativity at the church of S. Martino a Siena. Beccafumi’s other works on the 1518, fresco. Christ’s Descent into Limbo 1530-1535, oil on wood. Rebellious Angels Cathedral floor were accomplished in the following order: the frieze depict- ** Death of Mary Coronation of the Virgin 1526-1535, oil on wood. ing causing water to flow from a rock; the great rectangle with epi- 1518, fresco. Christ Bearing the Cross 1539, oil on wood. sodes from the Life of Moses with the Tables of the Law; the frieze with the CHIESA E CONVENTO 1536, oil on wood. Pilgrimage of the Hebrew People and the figures surrounding the panel with DI SAN GIROLAMO IN CAMPANSI Madonna with St. Bernardino and MUSEO CIVICO the Sacrifice of . In 1529, in preparation for a visit by Charles V, the Via Campansi Saints , 1 Signoria of Siena commissioned Beccafumi to fresco the ceiling of the hall of 1537, oil on wood. www.comune.siena.it Virgin and Child, St. Anne, St. the Concistoro in Palazzo Pubblico. The artist also worked in Genoa for the ** Public Virtues and their Prac- Mary Magdalen and St. Ursula Doria family and later in Pisa for the Cathedral. Returning to Siena, he fres- tice in Antiquity coed part of the apse in the Cathedral dell’Assunta. 1529-1535 26 Discovery domenico b beccafumi

 FLORENCE

GALLERIA DEGLI UFFIZI CASA MARTELLI Piazzale degli Uffizi, 6 via Ferdinando Zanetti, 8 www.uffizi.it www.bargellomusei.beniculturali.it

* Holy Family with the Young Cult of Vesta, Lupercalia St. John the Baptist 1514, oil on wood.  SARTEANO (SI) CHIESA DI SAN MARTINO Via dei Benci, 6 E VITTORIO IN FORO www.museohorne.it Colle Valle Piatta, 1

** Deucalion and Pyrrha ** Annunciation 1520-1525, oil on wood. 1546 ca., oil on wood. Putti holding up a tondo depict- ing the drunkenness of Noah 1522-1523, oil on wood.  PISA **Holy Family with the Young St. John the Baptist and a Donor OPA, CATHEDRAL 1525, oil on wood. Piazza del Duomo

www.opapisa.it MUSEO Via dei Renai, 37 * Stories of Moses and the www.museicivicifiorentini.comune.fi.it Evangelists 1538-1539, oil on wood. Hercules at the Crossroads painting.

GALLERIA PALATINA PALAZZO PITTI Piazza de’ Pitti, 1 www.polomuseale.firenze.it

* Holy Family with the Young St. John and the Lamb amid Seraphim 1521-1522, oil on wood.

Discovery benedatto da maiano b

 FLORENCE  (SI)

* CATTEDRALE DI SANTA MARIA CHIESA DI SANT’AGOSTINO Piazza Strozzi DEL FIORE Piazza Sant’Agostino www.palazzostrozzi.org Piazza Duomo www.agostiniani.it

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY operaduomo.firenze.it benedetto da maiano collaboration on construction of the * Altar of the Cappella di (maiano, 1442 – florence, 1497) building begun in 1489 * Crucifix San Bartolo

polychrome wood, main altar. 1494 ARCHITECT, SCULPTOR ** CHIESA DI SANTA CROCE Tondo with bust of Giotto 1490, right nave. The son of a woodcarver, Benedetto learned the art of sculpture in his home COLLEGIATA DI SANTA MARIA www.santacroceopera.it Wooden inlay work ASSUNTA b town, growing up among quarrymen and stonemasons. He had an older Collaboration in construction, Piazza del Duomo brother, Giuliano da Maiano, with whom he often collaborated. Working in Pulpit with stories of St. Francis Sagrestia delle Messe www.duomosangimignano.it 1472-1475. the atelier of Bernardo Rossellino, he began to be included in prestigious commissions from the government of Florence and wealthy families of mer- ARCICONFRATERNITA DELLA Tomb-altar of St. Fina chants and bankers. MUSEO DEL BARGELLO MISERICORDIA 1475, Collegiate. Via del Proconsolo, 4 Benedetto gave proof of great technical skill in his marble portrait busts Piazza Duomo, 20 www.bargellomusei.beniculturali.it www.misericordia.firenze.it/Museo MUSEO D’ARTE SACRA such as that of Pietro Mellini at the Bargello, and experimented with em- Piazza Pecori, 1 ploying sculpture in relation to architecture, attaining results that fused the Portrait bust of Pietro Mellini * St. Sebastian www.duomosangimignano.it/museo two arts in an elegant balance. He produced masterpieces such as the pulpit 1474. 1495-1497. of Santa Croce with Stories of St. Francis, displaying minute attention to de- Coronation of Ferdinando I and Virgin and Child Crucifix corative details, and works in the territory of Siena such as the Ciborium in six musicians 1495-1497. Polychrome wood 1490-1499, for the royal gate of the church of San Domenico, Siena, and the tomb-altar of St. Fina in the Col- , never sent. VIA DE’ SERVI NEAR PALAZZO DEL POPOLO legiata of San Gimignano. From 1485 to 1489 he lived in Naples, creating the VIA DEL CASTELLACCIO Piazza Duomo, 2 Monument to Maria d’Aragona and a noteworthy Annunciation in the church PALAZZO VECCHIO www.sangimignanomusei.it/comune of Sant’Anna dei Lombardi, considered the finest examples of late fif- Piazza della Signoria Memorial stone teenth-century Tuscan figurative culture in Naples. Returning to Florence, www.museicivicifiorentini.comune.fi.it ‘From 1480 to 1498 this was the Relief carving with cherubim, he worked for the wealthy Filippo Strozzi, contributing to the design of his workshop of Benedetto da Maiano altar step, stairway to tower

grandiose family palazzo (begun in 1489), sculpting his portrait bust (now in Portal sculptor and architect who imprinted 1481, Sala dei Gigli. in his works with consummate style the ) and creating his funerary monument, of classical inspiration, in and form the great ideas of the genius the church of Santa Maria Novella. In addition to architecture and sculpture, creator’. CHIESA DI SANTA MARIA NOVELLA as recalled by Giorgio Vasari, Benedetto was one of the finest inlayers of his Piazza Santa Maria Novella time, as demonstrated by the panels of the sacristy of the Messe in the Flo- www.smn.it rence Cathedral. A commemorative plaque in Via de’ Servi on the corner of Arcolsolium tomb of Filippo Strozzi Via del Castellaccio marks the site of the artist’s workshop. 30 Discovery benedetto b da maiano

 MONTEPULCIANO (SI)  PRATO  PISTOIA

CATTEDRALE SANTA MARIA MUSEO CIVICO DI PALAZZO DUOMO DI SAN ZENO ASSUNTA PRETORIO Piazza Duomo Piazza Grande Piazza del Comune www.diocesipistoia.it www.palazzopretorio.prato.it Virgin and Child Baptismal font bas-reliefs in marble, chapel of the Tabernacles in collaboration with Andrea Ferrucci. baptismal font. stucco and papermache.

CATTEDRALE DI SANTO STEFANO  SIENA  AREZZO Piazza del Duomo www.diocesiprato.it CHIESA DI SAN DOMENICO BADIA DELLE SANTE FLORA Piazza San Domenico, 1 E LUCILLA * Tomb of Filippo Inghirami www.basilicacateriniana.com

Piazza della Badia, 3 Tabernacle of the Madonna * Ciborium and two angels * Ciborium dell’Ulivo 1475, marble. marble. 1480, glazed terracotta (sculptures, while the architecture is by Giuliano).

CHIESA DI S. MARIA DELLE CHIESA DELLO SPIRITO SANTO GRAZIE Via Giuseppe Silvestri, 21 Via Santa Maria delle Grazie, 1 Tondo with Virgin and Child Portico painted stucco. 1478.

32 Discovery gian lorenzo bernini b

 FLORENCE  SIENA  PISTOIA

MUSEO HORNE MUSEO DELL’OPERA DEL DUOMO CHIESA DI S. DOMENICO Via de’ Benci, 6 Piazza del Duomo, 8 Piazza S. Domenico www.museohorne.it www.operaduomo.siena.it www.domenicanipistoia.it

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY Self-portrait Golden rose of Alexandro VII Funerary monument to Girolamo 1612 ca., black and red pencil, 1658, gold leaf, gilt copper, sapphire Rospigliosi chalk on ivory paper. (drawing). 1668, marmi.

Funerary monument to Caterina COLLEZIONE CONTINI BONACOSSI COLLEZIONE CHIGI SARACINI Rospigliosi Via Lambertesca, 6 FONDAZIONE ACCADEMIA 1668, marmi. b www.uffizi.it MUSICALE CHIGIANA

Via di Città, 89 CHIESA DI SPIRITO SANTO * Martyrdom of St. Lawrence www.chiagiana.it Piazza Spirito Santo, 8 1616, marble.

St. Jerome Main altar gian lorenzo bernini 1661-1662, terracotta (sketch) (naples, 1598 – rome, 1680) GALLERIA DEGLI UFFIZI 1670, project implemented Piazzale degli Uffizi, 6 by Mattia de’ Rossi. SCULPTURE, URBAN PLANNER, ARCHITECT, PAINTER, SET DESIGNER www.uffizi.it CATTEDRALE DI SANTA MARIA ASSUNTA The unrivalled protagonist of art, Neapolitan by birth, Bernini had Self-portrait Piazza del Duomo  LAMPORECCHIO (PT) 1630 ca., oil on canvas. www.operaduomo.siena.it Tuscan origins – his father Pietro, who introduced him to art, was a Floren- VILLA ROSPIGLIOSI A SPICCHIO tine sculptor – but except for a brief stay in in 1665 he always lived in COLLEZIONE CORSINI ** St. Jerome Via Borghetto, 1 Rome, a city that, under no less than eight , was moulded by his creati- via del Parione, 11 1662, marble, Cappella Chigi. www.villarospigliosi.com ve genius with piazzas, first among them the colonnade of Piazza San Pietro, www.palazzocorsini.it ** St. Mary Magdalen with , from the Triton to the Four Rivers, with churches and thea- 1662, marble, Cappella Chigi. 1668-1670, project implemented Portrait of Pope Urban VIII by Mattia de’ Rossi. trical spectacles. His portraits, in both marble and bronze, display superlative technique and profound psychological insight. Barberini 1630 ca., bronze. In Tuscany we find evidence of his pictorial production and his interest in classical art, as can be seen in San Lorenzo, as well as a strictly private work, MUSEO NAZIONALE DEL BARGELLO the Portrait of Costanza Bonarelli, and works produced for three popes with via del Proconsolo, 4 whom he was closely connected, the Florentine Urban VIII Barberini, the Sie- www.bargellomusei.beniculturali.it nese Alexander VII Chigi and the Pistoian Clement IX Rospigliosi. ** Portrait of Costanza Bonarelli 1637-1638, marble. Model for fountain 34 1670, terracotta.

Discovery sandro botticelli b

 FLORENCE Discovery of Holoferne’s Corpse his cell; Annunciation; the Penitent St. 1472 ca., tempera on wood. Jerome; Miracle of St. Eligius. GALLERIA DELLO SPEDALE Madonna in Glory with Seraphim St. Augustine in his Study DEGLI INNOCENTI 1469-1470, tempera on wood. 1490-1494, tempera on wood. Piazza Santissima Annunziata, 12 Portrait of a Man with a * Calumny

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY www.istitutodeglinnocenti.it Medallion, Cosimo the Elder 1494-1495, tempera on wood. 1474 ca., tempera on wood. * The Innocenti Virgin and Child Adoration of the Magi 1500 ca., tempera on wood. 1465-1467, tempera on wood. 1475 ca., tempera on wood. Madonna of the Loggia GALLERIA DELL’ACCADEMIA BASILICA DI SANTA 1467 ca., tempera on wood. Via Ricasoli, 58/60 MARIA NOVELLA * Madonna of the Magnificat www.galleriaaccademiafirenze. b Piazza Santa Maria Novella 1480-1481, tempera on wood. beniculturali.it www.smn.it Annunciation of San Martino Virgin and Child, Two Angels and Adoration of the Christ Child alla Scala 1481, detached fresco. St. John the Baptist 1476-1477, fresco. 1468 ca., tempera on wood. sandro botticelli ** (florence, 1445 – 1510) 1482 ca., tempera on wood. * Madonna of the Sea CHIESA DI OGNISSANTI * Pallas Taming the Centaur 1477 ca., tempera on wood. PAINTER Borgo Ognissanti, 42 1482 ca., tempera on canvas. Madonna and Child with Saints www.chiesaognissanti.it 1480-1490, tempera on wood, ** Birth of Venus After having been greatly appreciated in his lifetime, Botticelli’s fame decli- with assistants. ** St. Augustine in his Study 1485 ca., tempera on canvas. ned until his work was rediscovered and acclaimed by the British collector H.P. 1480, fresco, * Madonna of the Pomegranate Horne, who published the first monograph on this artist in 1908. tomb with clay tombstone. 1487, tempera on wood. GALLERIA PALATINA A pupil of Filippo Lippi and Andrea del Verrocchio, he drew inspiration from * San Barnaba Altarpiece PALAZZO PITTI Piazza Pitti, 1 them for his earliest works. His first major accomplishment was the GALLERIA DEGLI UFFIZI 1488 ca., tempera on wood; Predella, tempera on wood: St. Augu- www.polomuseale.firenze.it painted for the Tribunale della Mercanzia in 1470, which won him commissions Piazzale degli Uffizi, 6 stine’s vision; Christ in the sepulchre; from the leading Florentine patrons of the arts in the Medicean sphere. Fa- www.uffizi.it * Portrait of a Young Man Salomè with the head of John the mous and numerous are his works – at present, 21 –in the Galleria degli Uffizi, 1469 ca., tempera on wood. Madonna of the Rose Bush Baptist; Extracting the heart of including the world-renowned Primavera and , conceived in 1469-1470, tempera on wood. St. Ignatius. Portrait of a Young Woman 1485 ca., tempera on wood. the exclusive, refined philosophical circle of Lorenzo the Magnificent, icon of * Fortitude * The Cestello Annunciation the Florentine Renaissance. Botticelli was in Rome in 1481, as one of the most 1470 ca., tempera on wood. 1489-1490, tempera on wood. Virgin and Child with the excellent painters sent by Lorenzo the Magnificent to fresco the Sistine Cha- * St. Ambrose Altarpiece * San Marco Altarpiece Young St. John 1505 ca., tempera on canvas. pel. Starting in the late 1480s, his style became more tense, his compositions 1470 ca., tempera on wood. 1490-1492, tempera on wood; more complex, probably reflecting an inner crisis provoked by the preaching * Judith Returning to Betulia Predella, tempera on wood: Coronation of Savonarola. Botticelli is buried in the Florentine church of Ognissanti, which 1472 ca., oil on wood. of the Virgin and Saints; St. John the Evangelist at Patmos; St. Augustine in also houses one of his major works. 36 Discovery sandro b botticelli

MUSEO STIBBERT  PIETRASANTA (LU) Via Federigo Stibbert, 26 www.museostibbert.it COLLEGIATA DI SAN MARTINO

Piazza Duomo Virgin and Child www.duomodipietrasanta.org 1500 ca.

Designs for ecclesiastical vestments  CASTELLO (FLORENCE) late 15th century (chasuble), attributed. VILLA LA QUIETE Via di Boldrone, 2 www.msn.unifi.it

* Coronation of the Virgin with Saints 1500 ca., tempera on wood, with assistants.

 PRATO

MUSEI DIOCESANI Piazza Duomo, 49 www.prato-musei.it

* Christ Crucified tempera on moulded wood.

 SIENA

BIBLIOTECA COMUNALE DEGLI INTRONATI Via della Sapienza, 3 www.bibliotecasiena.it

Monte Santo di Dio, Dante 1481, incunabula with drawings by the artist.

Discovery bronzino b

 FLORENCE

GALLERIA DEGLI UFFIZI Allegory of Public Happiness MUSEO Piazzale degli Uffizi, 6 1567 ca., oil on tin. Via Ghibellina, 70 www.uffizi.it www.casabuonarroti.it Lament for Christ Dead

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY 1569 ca., oil on tin. * Pietà with the Magdalen * Noli Me Tangere 1529-1530 ca., oil on wood. ** Portrait of the Dwarf 1532, oil on wood, Pygmalion and Morgante nude double face from a cartoon by Michelangelo. 1553 ca., oil on canvas. bronzino 1529-1530, oil on wood. (monticelli di firenze, 1503 – florence, 1572) The Ten Thousand Martyrs Portraits of the Medici Family BASILICA DELLA SS. ANNUNZIATA 1555-1565, oil on tin, Piazza della SS. Annunziata PAINTER 1529-1530, oil on wood. **Portrait of Young Man with a Lute Bronzino and assistants. www.annunziata.xoom.it b 1532-1534 ca. Bronzino, the pseudonym of Agnolo di Cosimo Tori, was one of the most refined * Resurrection ** Portrait of Bartolomeo GALLERIA PALATINA painters of the Florentine Mannerist period, a skilled portraitist and poet at 1550-1552, oil on wood, Cappella Panciatichi and Portrait of PALAZZO PITTI the Medicean court in late-Renaissance Florence. Son of a butcher from the Guadagni. Lucrezia Panciatichi Piazza de' Pitti, 1 Florentine lower middle class, after having worked in the atelier of Raffa- www.polomuseale.firenze.it * The Trinity 1541-1445 ca. ellino del Garbo, he became the disciple and close friend of Jacopo Carucci, 1567-1571,fresco, * The Panciatichi Holy Family * Portrait of Guidobaldo Della completed by Alessandro Allori, known as Pontormo, who served as North Star and model to be emulated for 1538-1541, oil on wood. Rovere in the cloister, Cappella di San Luca.. the young Bronzino. * Portrait of Girl with a Book 1530-1532, oil on wood. 1548-1550 ca. When an epidemic of plague broke out in Florence in 1522, the master brought Portrait of Luca Martini GALLERIA DELL’ACCADEMIA his pupil with him to the Certosa del Galluzzo, where they worked together on ** Portrait of Bia de’ Medici 1554-1556 ca. Via Ricasoli, 58/60 a series of frescoes. It was during this time that Bronzino began to acquire a 1542 ca., oil on wood. galleriaaccademiafirenze.beniculturali.it certain reputation, by working for Duke Guidobaldo of , while in Floren- ** Portrait of Eleonora di Toledo BASILICA DI SANTA CROCE * Deposition from the Cross ce he received the patronage of Duke Cosimo de’ Medici after having created with her Son Giovanni 1545 ca. Piazza di Santa Croce 1561-1565, oil on wood. the decorations for the Duke’s marriage to Eleonora di Toledo in 1539. The por- ** Portrait of Cosimo I de’ Medici www.santacroceopera.it traits of Cosimo and Eleonora, appearing with other members of the Medicean in Armour PALAZZO VECCHIO court, show a certain coldness in the subjects and an almost detached atti– Pietà 1544 ca., oil on wood. 1569, oil on wood. Piazza Signoria tude, characteristic of the impassible but elegant technique of his portraits. ** Portrait of Giovanni de’ Medici www.museicivicifiorentini.comune.fi.it Bronzino’s work was greatly admired, to the point of influencing court por- 1545 ca., oil on wood. MUSEO DI SANTA CROCE traiture all over Europe for over a century. The Duk also commissioned him to * Portrait of Francesco I ** Tapestries with Stories of the Cappella del Noviziato Hebrew Joseph fresco Eleonora’s private chapel in Palazzo Vecchio, a project that took him de’ Medici 1546-1553 ca., Salone dei . twenty years to finish. As a Spanish noblewoman, Eleanora influenced the 1551, oil on wood. ** Christ Descending into Limbo ** Cappella di Eleonora work of Bronzino by focussing strict, eloquent attention on ritual and cere- Portrait of Maria de’ Medici 1552, oil on wood. 1551 ca., oil on wood. 1542-1543 ca. – 1563 ca., with frescoes. mony. To this work he brought a varnished or marble-like tonality, typical of ** Portrait of Laura Battiferri Florentine Mannerism. 1555-1560, oil on wood. 40 Discovery b bronzino

 CHIESA DI SANTA FELICITA LUCCA Piazza Santa Felicita, 3 MUSEO PALAZZO MANSI santafelicitafirenze.it via Galli Tassi, 43 * St. Matthew the Evangelist www.luccamuseinazionali.it

1525-1528, tondo in the pendentive * Portrait of Cosimo I in Armour of the , oil on wood, Cappella 1554 ca. Barbadori Capponi. Portraits of Ferdinando and Don Garzia de’ Medici as Children BASILICA DI SANTA MARIA NOVELLA Piazza di Santa Maria Novella  PISA www.smn.it

Jesus Revives Jairo’s Son CHIESA DEI CAVALIERI DI panel painting, Cappella Gaddi. SANTO STEFANO Piazza dei Cavalieri

BASILICA DI SAN LORENZO * Nativity of Christ Piazza di San Lorenzo 1564, oil on canvas.

* Martyrdom of St. Lawrence 1565-1569, fresco. PALAZZO REALE Lungarno Pacinotti, 46 www.beniculturalipisa.it BIBLIOTECA NAZIONALE CENTRALE ** Portrait of Eleonora di Toledo Piazza dei Cavalleggeri, 1 with her Son Francesco www.bncf.firenze.sbn.it 1549, oil on wood.

Farcical verses, Il Reggimondo 1572 ca., codices of B. the poet.

42 Discovery filippo brunelleschi b

 FLORENCE

MUSEO DEL BARGELLO CHIESA DI SANTA FELICITA ** PALAZZO PITTI Via del Proconsolo, 4 Via Guicciardini Piazza de' Pitti, 1 www.bargellomusei.beniculturali.it www.polomuseale.firenze.it

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY Cappella Barbadori Formella depicting the Sacrifice 1420. 1443.

of Isaac filippo brunelleschi 1401, gilt bronze, Competition for the PALAGIO DI PARTE GUELFA ** CHIESA DI S. SPIRITO North Door of the Baptistry. Piazza di Parte Guelfa, 2 Piazza Santo Spirito, 30 (Florence, 1377 – 1446 ) 1420. 1444. ARCHITECT, ENGINEER, SCULPTOR, GOLDSMITH, SET DESIGNER CHIESA DI S. MARIA NOVELLA b Piazza S. Maria Novella CHIESA DI S. MARIA DEL CARMINE Filippo di Ser Brunellesco Lapi, goldsmith, sculptor, architect, engineer and www.smn.it ** CHIESA DI SAN LORENZO Piazza San Lorenzo, 9 Piazza del Carmine set designer, was the star of the . His sober, innovative * Crucifix of S. Maria Novella www.polomuseale.firenze.it style dominated European architecture up to the 19th century. Reacting to the 1410, polychrome wood, Cappella his work as set designer.

anti-classicism of Gothic culture, he drew inspiration from the art of antiqui- Gondi 1421.

ty and introduced a vision of reality based on the principles of mathematics MUSEO DELL’OPERA DEL DUOMO and perspective. In the early 15th century he visited Rome for the first time CHIESA DI CHIESA DI SAN LORENZO Piazza del Duomo, 9 Via dell’Arte della Lana, 7 Piazza San Lorenzo www.ilgrandemuseodelduomo.it with Donatello, an experience that was fundamental to the development of www.polomuseale.firenze.it his art. Brunelleschi based the theoretical principles of his architecture on his * Statue of St. Peter ** Structural models for the invention of linear centric perspective, with a single vanishing point. He de- ** Old Sacristy Cupola of S. Maria del Fiore. 1412-1415. veloped the first theories of spatial representation using two perspective ta- 1421-1428.

blets depicting the Baptistery and Palazzo Vecchio, now lost. He was a pioneer CATTEDRALE DI S. MARIA  PISTOIA in employing modular dimensions in architectural volumes, as in the church of DEL FIORE CHIESA DI S. CROCE Piazza S. Croce, 6 S. Spirito. His greatest achievement was building the Cupola of Santa Maria Piazza San Giovanni DUOMO www.operadisantacroce.it del Fiore, the Cathedral of Florence, with major mechanical and structural www.ilgrandemuseodelduomo.it Piazza del Duomo

innovations. Brunelleschi represented a new kind of architect, the cultivated ** Cupola ** Cappella dei Pazzi intellectual who prepared the overall project and the details. A spokesman for Two Fathers of the Church and 1418-1436. 1429. two busts of Prophets the cultural growth of Florence, closely linked to its republican institutions, 1399-1400 he participated in the historic Florentine revision of artistic and architectural silver altar of San Jacopo. PIAZZA BRUNELLESCHI practices in keeping with humanist philosophy. Brunelleschi worked mainly in Piazza SS. Annunziata Via degli Alfani Florence, constructing prototypes of buildings that are still today unrivalled www.istitutodeglinnocenti.it

monuments in the urban landscape, but also designed fortifications for Tuscan 1419-1439. Rotonda of S.M. degli Angeli . He died at the age of 69 and was buried in the Cathedral of S. Maria 1434.

del Fiore. 44 Discovery Bernardo Buontalenti b

 FLORENCE  CERRETO GUIDI (FI)

PALAZZO VECCHIO ** VILLA MEDICEA DI CASTELLO VILLA DI CERRETO GUIDI Piazza della Signoria Via di Castello, 44 Via Ponti medicei, 12 www.museicivicifiorentini.comune.fi.it www.polomuseale.firenze.it 1565-1567.

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY late 16th century. Enlargement 1563-1580.  * FORTE Costa S. Giorgio ** ALAZZO DI BIANCA CAPPELLO www.museicivicifiorentini.comune.fi.it Urban planning project for a new via Maggio, 26 1590. city and port at Livorno 1568. 1575. b FAÇADE OF THE CHIESA DI Fortification of Portoferraio for ** VILLA MEDICEA DI PRATOLINO S. TRINITA Grand Duke Cosimo I via Bolognese Piazza S. Trinita Isola d’Elba: 1548.

Bernardo Buontalenti 1569-1575. 1593.

(florence, 1531 – 1608)  GIARDINO DI BOBOLI PALAZZO NON FINITO PISA ARCHITECT, SCULPTOR, PAINTER, MILITARY ENGINEER, SET DESIGNER Piazza Pitti, 1 Museo di antropologia LOGGE DI BANCHI www.polomuseale.firenze.it Via del Proconsolo, 12 Via di Banchi, 5 Bernardo Timante Buonacorsi, architect, sculptor, painter, military engineer www.msn.unifi.it Grotticina di Madama 1603-1605. and set designer, was also known as Bernardo delle Girandole for his fireworks 1593. 1570. displays at the Medicean court, depicted in some frescoes in Palazzo Vecchio, Grotta Grande VILLA MEDICEA DI and for the scenographic decorations he designed for the Medici family’s 1575. FOUNTAIN OF SPRONE Via di Palazzi, 21 Corner of Via dello Sprone and Borgo spectacular wedding ceremonies. Left an orphan in 1547, he was taken in by www.pisaunicaterra.it San Jacopo the grand-ducal court, where he experimented with alchemy with the Grand 1586. GALLERIA DEGLI UFFIZI 1608, marble. Duke, becoming his close friend. A pupil of Vasari and Salviati, he was a favou- Piazzale degli Uffizi, 6 rite court architect, participating in major Medicean building projects, thanks www.uffizi.it also to his intellectual friendship with Francesco I de’ Medici. For the latter, PORTA DELLE SUPPLICHE  QUARRATA (PT) ** Octagonal tribune Via Lambertesca, 2. he designed the garden and villa of Pratolino, a delightful place now totally 1584. VILLA MEDICEA LA MAGIA destroyed, where mythology, alchemy and symbolism melded with the secret Via Vecchia Fiorentina, 63 processes of nature. For his monumental villas, gardens and fortifications  ** VILLA MEDICEA LA PETRAIA ARTIMINO (PO) 1584. all over Tuscany, Buontalenti is considered the leading architect of Florenti- Via della Petraia, 40 * VILLA MEDICEA DI ARTIMINO ne Mannerism, refined, intellectual, eclectic and imaginative. He was also, www.polomuseale.firenze.it among other things, the inventor of modern ice-cream, derived from sherbet, KNOWN AS FERDINANDA 1530-1594. Viale Papa Giovanni XXXIII, 1 which was served at the Medicean court. He lived and died in a building in Via www.artimino.com 46 Maggio, number 37, and was buried in the church of S. Niccolò d’Oltrarno. Discovery benedetto buglioni b

 PISTOIA  FIESOLE (FI)  CHIUSI DELLA VERNA (AR)

CHIESA DELLO SPEDALE DEL CEPPO MUSEO BANDINI SANTUARIO DELLA VERNA Piazza Giovanni XXIII Via Giovanni Duprè, 1 Via del Santuario della Verna www.comune.fiesole.fi.it www.laverna.it

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY Coronation of the Virgin 1510-1512, glazed terracotta. and St. John the Baptist as Boys Christ Crucified 1500-1510 ca., polychrome glazed 1512 ca., polychrome glazed terracotta, terracotta. Cappella dell’Adorazione. MUSEO CIVICO Piazza del Duomo, 1 St. Agnes www.comune.pistoia.it 1515 ca., with his nephew, Saints.  (AR) b Resurrection CONVENTO DI S. FRANCESCO 1490, glazed terracotta. CHIESA DI SANTA MARIA Via S. Francesco, 13 DELLE GRAZIE

Nativity and Adoration of the Tabernacle with four Angels  EMPOLI (FI) Shepherds benedetto buglioni 1510-1520, ciborium, polychrome 1510-1520 ca., polychrome glazed (Florence, 1460 ca. – 1521) glazed terracotta, with assistants. PINACOTECA MUSEO DELLA terracotta. COLLEGIATA DI SANT’ANDREA SCULPTOR Piazza della Propositura, 3 MUSEO DI PALAZZO TAGLIESCHI www.inempoli.it CHIESA DI SANTA MARIA Piazza Goffredo Mameli, 16 Sculptor and modeller in glazed terracotta, a technique he learned in the PRIMERANA Della Robbia atelier, Buglioni was active in Tuscany and central Italy. In Immaculate Conception and Via Santa Maria Jesus and the Samaritan Woman

Saints and St. Anselm Enthroned Pistoia from 1510 to 1515, he was the first artist summoned to work on the Angels bearing candles at the Well 1510-1520, polychrome glazed terracotta. Spedale del Ceppo by the Spedalingo Leonardo Buonafede, director of the and Saints 1515-1520 ca., terracotta with traces of 1500-1510, glazed terracotta. hospital there from 1501 to 1532. polychrome.

Benedetto received payment for the Coronation of the Virgin, placed in the  CASTIGLION lunette above the entrance portal to the Chiesa dello Spedale, and for an  FLORENCE  Arms for Pistoia, both in glazed terracotta, the latter found on the short PISA FIORENTINO (AR) right-hand side of the Loggia del Ceppo but probably moved there from in- CHIESA DI OGNISSANTI MUSEO NAZIONALE DI COLLEGIATA DI SAN GIULIANO side the building. Noteworthy in Florence is his Coronation of the Virgin and Borgo Ognissanti, 42 SAN MATTEO Via S. Giuliano, 83 www.chiesaognissanti.it Saints, created after that of Pistoia, on the portal of the Chiesa di Ognissanti. Piazza San Matteo In Soarta, 1 www.sbappsae-pi.beniculturali.it Annunciation and Assumption Coronation of the Virgin and 1520, altarpiece, polychrome glazed Saints Virgin and Child terracotta, with Saints. post 1515, glazed terracotta, portal. 1495 ca., medallion, glazed terracotta.

48 Discovery benedetto b buglioni

PINACOTECA COMUNALE  CAVRIGLIA Via del Cassero, 6 IN VALDARNO (AR) St. Michael and the Dragon 1510-1520 ca., polychrome medallion, PIEVE DI SAN GIOVANNI glazed terracotta, with Saints. Piazza Umberto I, 4

St. John the Baptist in the Desert BATTISTERO VECCHIO 1500 ca., glazed terracotta. Baptism Bust of the Young St. John 1520, altarpiece, Bust of a Bishop Saint polychrome glazed terracotta Bust of St. Stephen Genuflecting Angel bearing candle  CORTONA (AR) 1500 ca., glazed terracotta.

MUSEO DIOCESANO Piazza del Duomo, 1  FIGLINE VALDARNO (FI) www.diocesiarezzo.it PALAZZO PRETORIO Pietà with the Three Marys and Piazza Bianchi St. John 1515-1520 ca., polychrome terracotta, Virgin and Child Enthroned clay group, with assistants. with Saints 1517-1520, glazed terracotta.

50 Discovery santi buglioni b

 FLORENCE  VALLOMBROSA (FI)  CHIUSI DELLA VERNA (AR)

CHIOSTRO DI SAN PIERINO ABBAZIA SANTUARIO DELLA VERNA Via G. Capponi, 4 Località Vallombrosa, 115 Via del Santuario della Verna www.monaci.org www.laverna.it

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY Lunette above the entrance portal Virgin and Child with Saints Christ in Pietà, the Virgin and 1530-1540 ca., glazed terracotta. Saints BIBLIOTECA MEDICEA LAURENZIANA 1525-1532,polychrome glazed terra- Piazza San Lorenzo, 9 cotta, with assistants, www.bmlonline.it  PISTOIA Cappella del Conte di Montedoglio. santi buglioni Heraldic arms of Cosimo I de’ b (Florence, 1494 – 1576) Floor Medici and Eleonora di Toledo 1548-1554, terracotta, Piazza Papa Giovanni XXIII 1549 ca., polychrome glazed terracot- SCULPTOR to the design of Tribolo. ta, Cappella dell’Adorazione. Decoration of the Loggia Inheriting the workshop of his uncle Benedetto, with whom he had collabo- 1526-1529. MUSEO NAZIONALE DEL BARGELLO rated, Buglioni, last among the Della Robbia artists to know the secret of Via del Proconsolo, 4  STIA (AR) glazing, made the frieze on the loggia of the Spedale del Ceppo in Pistoia www.bargellomusei.beniculturali.it  AREZZO representing the Works of Charity in glazed terracotta. ORATORIO DELLA MADONNA Noli Me Tangere Unlike Giovanni della Robbia, who worked in his Florentine shop, Buglioni or- EX MONASTERO DELLE SANTE DEL PONTE 1520-1525, glazed terracotta. Via Adamo Ricci ganised a construction site for producing the clay and enamels at the hospi- FLORA E LUCILLA

tal. His technique differs from that of Giovanni insofar as the flesh tones are Lunette with Madonna and Child Madonna Enthroned with not glazed but rendered in cool colours applied to the biscuit. The frieze is  GREVE IN CHIANTI (FI) and Saints Children and Saints noteworthy for its bright colours, appearing even more brilliant after recent 1531, polychrome glazed terracotta. 1510-1515, portal. restoration, and its highly realistic portraits. MUSEO D’ARTE SACRA DI SAN FRANCESCO The six scenes start with Clothe the Naked, centred around a full-length Via San Francesco, 2 portrait of the Spedalingo, who appears in all the other scenes as well, and  BIBBIENA (AR) continue with Shelter the Homeless, Visit the Sick, Visit the Imprisoned, Cornice with festoons SANTUARIO DI SANTA MARIA Bury the Dead, Feed the Hungry, interspersed with five Virtues: Prudence, Polychrome terracotta of the Deposition, glazed terracotta. DEL SASSO Faith, Charity, Hope and Justice. The last scene, Give Drink to the Thirsty, was Via Santa Maria del Sasso, 1 completed by the Pistoian artist Lorenzo di Filippo Paladini in 1586. Added to the frieze were two scrolls and two winged sphinxes, monstrous creatures, Ecce Agnus Dei ante 1529, polychrome terracotta. strikingly impressive, bearing a yellow shield with the insignia of the Ceppo.

52 Discovery Benvenuto Cellini b

 FLORENCE

PONTE VECCHIO Narcissus * Bust of Benvenuto Cellini 1548-1565, marble. by Perseus

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY 1900, bronze. bronze. Perseus wax. Piazza Signoria Freeing of Andromeda bronze. Benvenuto Cellini **Perseus Hound of the “Saluki” breed (Florence, 1500 – 1571) 1545-1554, with copy of the marble bronze medallion. b base and bronze sculptures. Alessandro de’ Medici SCULPTOR, GOLDSMITH, PAINTER bronze medallion. ** MUSEO NAZIONALE DEL Bindo Altoviti Goldsmith, sculptor and writer, as well as alchemist, Cellini was born in repu- BARGELLO bronze medallion. blican Florence, where he was apprenticed to the most famous goldsmiths Via del Proconsolo, 4 Pope Clement VII while still a boy. Possessing a violent, restless nature, he was obliged to flee www.bargellomusei.beniculturali.it bronze medallion. the city in 1519 after having been condemned for attempted homicide. He took Apollo and Hyacinth Francis I shelter in Rome, obtaining protection from the Medicean Pope Clement VII 1548 ca., marble. bronze medallion. but no important commissions, although he had helped to defend the pope Cosimo I de’ Medici ‘Testone’, head of Alessandro against the Emperor Charles V during the sack of Rome. Pope Paul III Farnese 1545-1548, bronze. de’ Medici Danae and her son Perseus silver/alloy coin. had Cellini imprisoned later, accused of having killed a rival goldsmith, Pompeo de’ Capitanis. He was saved by the King of France, Francis I, who summoned bronze. him to his court, where the future queen Catherine de’ Medici lived. And it Ganymede  VICCHIO DI MUGELLO (FI) was at Fontainebleau that his first major work was created, the Salt-cellar in bronze. Ganymede gold and enamel (1543) now in Vienna, and bronze Nymph of Fontainebleau, * CASA DELLA MEMORIA marble. at the Louvre. In early 1545 he returned to Florence, where Cosimo I de’ Medici INHABITED BY BENVENUTO CELLINI Jupiter assigned him the most important commission of his career, the Perseus, a Via Cellini bronze. www.casedellamemoria.it work of perfect casting technique, to be placed in the Loggia dei Lanzi, with its Gnudo of Fear original marble and bronze base now at the Museo Nazionale del Bargello. This bronze. was followed by the bronze bust of Cosimo I, the marble group of Apollo and Mercury Hyacinth, and the Narcissus. Cellini also participated in the restoration of the bronze. famous Chimera of Arezzo, now at the Museo Archeologico di Firenze, but this Minerva project marked the beginning of his decline. In his last years he worked in- bronze. creasingly less as artist and always more as author. Abandoned by all, consoled 54 only by writing his Autobiography (1558-1566), he died in total solitude. Discovery antonio canova c

 FLORENCE  CARRARA  PISA

BASILICA DI SANTA CROCE GIPSOTECA DELL’ACCADEMIA MUSEO NAZIONALE DI Piazza di S. Croce DI BELLE ARTI PALAZZO REALE www.santacroceopera.it Via Pietro Tacca, 32 Lungarno Antonio Pacinotti, 46

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY www.accademia.carrara.ms.it www.sbappsae-pi.beniculturali.it ** Funerary Monument to Vittorio Alfieri Plaster models Sketch 1806-1810, right nave.

antonio canova GALLERIA PALATINA (possagno, treviso, 1757 – venice, 1822) PALAZZO PITTI c Piazza de’ Pitti, 1 SCULPTOR, PAINTER www.polomuseale.firenze.it

Deemed by his contemporaries the greatest Italian sculptor of the time, Ca- ** Venere Italica nova trained in Venice and went to Rome in 1779, where he absorbed the the- 1804-1811. ories and aesthetics of . Gifted with supreme technical ability and refined style, he soon received his first prestigious papal commissions: GALLERIA D’ARTE MODERNA the Funerary Monuments of Pope Clement XIII and Pope Clement XIV. PALAZZO PITTI In 1797 Canova moved to Vienna, where he sculpted the Tomb of Marie Chris– Piazza de’ Pitti, 1 www.polomuseale.firenze.it tine of Austria in the shape of a pyramid. In 1802 he went to Paris and met Napoleon, whom he portrayed in a marble bust, in equestrian monuments * Bust of Napoleon and Bust of and colossal statues. Dating from 1808 is one of his masterpieces: Paolina Calliope Bonaparte Borghese as Venus, representing the noblewoman loosely gow- 1812.

ned in ancient robes, reclining on a bed of exquisitely Empire style. In this sculpture the concept of ideal beauty is melded with naturalist observations GALLERIA DEGLI UFFIZI rendered with such skill that the marble manages to suggest the softness of Piazzale degli Uffizi, 6 www.uffizi.it the fabrics and the delicate texture of the skin. In 1811 Canova was working in Florence to finish the Venere Italica, commissioned of him to replace the * Self-portrait Hellenistic statue of the Medici Venus, taken to Paris by the French, in the oil on canvas, in storage. . During this period he sculpted the Tomb of Vittorio Alfieri. Canova was also a member of the commission of artists who in 1815, BIBLIOTECA NAZIONALE CENTRALE at the downfall of Napoleon, brought back to Italy many purloined works piazza dei Cavalleggeri, 1 www.bncf.firenze.sbn.it of art, among them the Medici Venus. In that same year he went to , where he could admire the relief carvings from the Parthenon, wisely advis– Statue of Letizia Bonaparte 56 ing that they should not be restored. Discovery caravaggio c

 FLORENCE  PORTO ERCOLE (GR)

GALLERIA DEGLI UFFIZI GALLERIA PALATINA Via nuova e via Principe Umberto Piazzale degli Uffizi, 6 PALAZZO PITTI Funerary monument www.uffizi.it Piazza de’ Pitti, 1

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY www.polomuseale.firenze.it Bacchus 1596-1597, oil on canvas. Alof de Wignacourt? Medusa 1608, oil on canvas. 1598, oil on canvas. Sleeping Cupid Sacrifice of Isaac 1608-1609, oil on canvas. 1603-1604, oil on canvas. The Tooth Puller c 1608-1610, oil on canvas.

Caravaggio (, 1571 – porto ercole, 1610)

PAINTER

The great Lombard painter Michelangelo Merisi, known as Caravaggio, tou- ched upon Tuscany only indirectly; it is thanks to the mediation of friends and patrons such as Cardinal del Monte, Ambassador of the Grand Duchy of Tuscany to Rome, that the Florentine museums now possess some of his works, such as the Medusa and the Bacchus. Caravaggio was the artist who, near the end of the 16th century, revolutionis– ed the concept of art and how it was produced, in scenes based on a photo- graphic concept, the idea of observing and capturing the fleeting moment. His major contribution consisted of focusing attention on a world that had never known the dignity of being represented, rescuing it from centuries of oblivion. This was the pulp world frequented by Caravaggio himself, swarm– ing with prostitutes, gamblers and thugs. The result was a new investigation of the nature of man and his psychological depths, where light takes on a central symbolic role, representing Truth and Mercy. Caravaggio died on the beach at Porto Ercole in circumstances that have never been clarified. 58 Discovery galileo chini c

 FLORENCE  RUFINA PALAZZO BUDINI GATTAI HOUSE-STUDIO PONTASSIEVE (FI) Via del Ghirlandaio, 52 Piazza SS. Annunziata, 1 www.palazzobudinigattai.it CHIESA DI SANTA MARIA IN Frescoes on the façade, almost ACONE GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY 1894, frescoes, with Giulio Bargellini. entirely deleted Via dell’Argomenna, 23 galileo chini 1909-1914. (Florence 1873 – 1956) BANCA MERCANTILE ITALIANA Lunette on the portal and Piazza Davanzati, 3 HOUSES decoration of the apsidal ceiling PAINTER, SET DESIGNER, GRAPHIC ARTIST, CERAMIST 1900, decorations. early 20th century. Via , 99/101 c After working atop the scaffolding in the at Santa Trinita HOTEL CAVOUR ceramic decorative inserts as apprentice to his uncle Dario, who restored wall paintings, Galileo Chini Via del Proconsolo, 3 1908.  BORGO SAN LORENZO (FI) moved on to the shop of Amedeo Bontempo at the age of fifteen. In 1894 he 1901, decorations. VILLA PECORI GIRALDI began to work for Augusto Burchi, a Florentine painter and professor at the PALAZZO DELLA CASSA DI Museo della Manifattura Chini Accademia. Under his supervision and in collaboration with Giulio Bargelli- HOTEL ROMA RISPARMIO DI FLORENCE Piazzale Lavacchini, 1 Via Bufalini, 6 ni, Chini frescoed an illusionary tapestry on the ceiling and the telamons in Piazza Santa Maria Novella, 8 www.museochini.it Stained-glass windows. 1923, windows and floors the frieze decorating a ground-floor room in Palazzo Budini Gattai. Leaving the employment of Burchi, who neglected to pay him, he founded a ceramics ** Christ with the Crown of Thorns HOTEL HELVETIA BRISTOL GALLERIA DEGLI UFFIZI architrave over the west door, majo- manufactory in the Piagentina quarter in 1896; when this project failed, he lica. Rooms on the piano nobile with Via de’ Pescioni, 2 Piazzale degli Uffizi, 6 and his cousin Chino Chini founded the Fornaci di San Lorenzo at Borgo San geometric and stylised vegetal motifs. decorations. www.uffizi.it

Lorenzo in 1906. Galileo Chini showed himself highly receptive to the innovatory European Self-portrait GALLERIA D’ARTE MODERNA SANTUARIO DEL SS. CROCIFISSO style called Art Nouveau, becoming one of its earliest and most sensitive 1933, oil on canvas. PALAZZO PITTI Corso Matteotti, 216

interpreters in the Tuscan sphere. In Florence he completed such decora- Piazza de’ Pitti, 1 tive projects as wall paintings, wooden ceilings with inlaid ceramic elements www.polomuseale.firenze.it St. John the Baptist  ANTELLA, 1920. and polychrome stained-glass windows inserted in elaborate wrought-iron structures. * The House of Ghautama 1913. BAGNO A RIPOLI (FI) Chini worked at Montecatini and at various places in Versilia, which was then Faith 1913. CIMITERO MONUMENTALE  LUTIANO NUOVO, being embellished with architectural and urbanist projects in the Liberty Peace 1913. Indolence 1913. Via di Montisoni, 6 BORGO SAN LORENZO (FI) style. He also worked at Salsomaggiore, on the pavilions of the Venice Bien- *New Year’s Eve festival in * Decoration of entrance arch nale and in Siam, where he adorned the throne room of the royal palace in Tabernacle with Virgin and Child 1913. and other works Bangkok. After this experience he was commissioned to design the sets for 1914, strada di Sagginale. 1911. Puccini’s opera Turandot in 1924.

60 Discovery galileo c chini

 GAIOLE IN CHIANTI (SI)  LIDO DI CAMAIORE (LU)  VOLTERRA (PI)

ABBAZIA DI SAN LORENZO ** Decorations, GRAND HOTEL EXCELSIOR HOTEL CLUB I PINI PALAZZO DEI PRIORI A COLTIBUONO panels and furniture design Viale Carducci, 88 (former summer residence of Sala del maggior consiglio Località Badia a Coltibuono 1911. 1921, decorations. Galileo Chini) Piazza dei Priori, 1 www.comune.gaiole.si.it Via Roma, 43 www.comune.volterra.pi.it www.clubipini.com The Blessed Benedict of Coltibuono STABILIMENTO TERMALE IL ** VILLA ARGENTINA Coats of arms 1907, fresco. TETTUCCIO Via Fratti/via Vespucci ** Project (in collaboration with 1895, fresco. viale Fedeli 1928, decorations. Ugo Giusti), design of furniture  * Decorative elements in ceramics and decorations CIRCOLO CHELI PISTOIA and wrought iron SUPERCINEMA SAVOIA 1915-1920. Via Guicciardini, 21 Viale Regina Margherita 1918-1928, Cafe, reading room and PALAZZO DELLA CASSA DI Ceiling of the billiards room portico-gallery, with Basilio Cascella. Ceramic decoration RISPARMIO DI PISTOIA E PESCIA  PISA 1899. Via Roma, 3 on the tympanum

* PALAZZO COMUNALE 1929. * PALAZZO VINCENTI Decoration viale Verdi, 46  Corso Italia, 61 LIVORNO 1904, meeting hall. Lunettes with allegories of CHALET MARTINI Self-portrait Viale Regina Margherita, 2 Views of Pisa and scenes from GRAND HOTEL PALAZZO 1901, oil on canvas. human industry the city’s history. Allegory of Viale Italia, 195 1920, decoration, with Tito Chini. 1918, fresco. Prosperity 1929. Decoration  MONTECATINI TERME (PT) MUSEO DI ARTE CONTEMPORA- VILLINO SOFIA TOLOMEI 1935. NEA DELL’ACCADEMIA D’ARTE Via Verdi, 20 Decorative panel for the GRAND HOTEL LA PACE DINO SCALABRINO Decoration on the façade  SAN MINIATO (PI) dining room Via della Torretta, 1 Viale Diaz, 6 1943.

* Decoration PALAZZO DEL COMUNE Landscape GALLERIA D’ARTE MODERNA E Sala del Consiglio comunale 1904, ball room. 1932, oil on canvas. CONTEMPORANEA LORENZO Via Vittime del Duomo, 8  AREZZO * Windows at the entrance on VIANI Corso Roma 1904. Piazza Mazzini, 22 Decoration on the ceiling * PALAZZO CAMAIANI

 VIAREGGIO (LU) www.gamc.it 1898-1899. ALBERGOTTI

STABILIMENTO TERMALE TAMERICI Corso Italia, 4 GRAN CAFFÈ MARGHERITA * House at Lido di Camaiore Viale Verdi, 45-49 1928, oil on wood. CHIESA DI SAN DOMENICO Viale Regina Margherita, 30 Decoration Piazza del Popolo ** Painted frieze with putti 1921, windows, wall paintings and 1905.

1911, Padiglioncino. majolicas Frescoes in the main chapel

‘degli Spedalinghi’.

Discovery cimabue c

 AREZZO  CASTELFIORENTINO (FI)  PISA

CHIESA DI S. DOMENICO MUSEO DI SANTA VERDIANA CATTEDRALE DI SANTA MARIA Via di Sasso Verde, 59 Piazza di Santa Verdiana ASSUNTA www.diocesiarezzo.it www.santaverdiana.org Piazza del Duomo

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY www.opapisa.it ** Painted cross ** Virgin and Child 1268-1271 ca. 1283-1285 ca., ** S. Giovanni with Giotto, painter of the Child. 1301 ca., mosaic in the apse.

 FLORENCE c BASILICA DI SANTA CROCE Piazza di Santa Croce, 16 www.santacroceopera.it

** Painted cross cimabue 1275-1280 ca. (Florence, 1240 – pisa, 1302) BATTISTERO PAINTER Piazza del Duomo www.ilgrandemuseodelduomo.it Cenni di Pepo, known as Cimabue, a refined interpreter of thirteenth-century Byzantine painting in Italy, enhanced Byzantine pathos and elegance still ** Anouncement of the birth of further with refined chiaroscuro effects not lacking in naturalism, although John the Baptist, Naming John still rather timid. The itinerary that unfolds in Tuscany, although incomplete the Baptist, Visitation since the paintings are lacking, shows how the artist opened out to new 1280 ca., drawings for the mosaics on the dome. paths, although not pursued with the determination of his greatest pupils, most notably Giotto. GALLERIA DEGLI UFFIZI We have little information on the life of Cimabue. In 1272 he was in Rome, and Piazzale degli Uffizi, 6 on March 19, 1302, he died in Pisa, while working on the mosaic for the apse in www.uffizi.it the Duomo, managing to complete only the St. John. Cimabue’s delicate chia- roscuro and inclination toward naturalism, although strongly conditioned ** Virgin and Child with Saints 1285 ca. by his fidelity to thirteenth-century Byzantine models, make him one of the * Madonna and Child Enthroned most innovative figures in . He was in fact one of the artists who with Saints (attributed) guided the transition from the hieratic, idealised figures of Byzantine origin 1290-1300, tempera on wood. to ‘true’ subjects, possessing humanity and emotions. 64 Discovery matteo civitali c

 LUCCA

CATTEDRALE DI SAN MARTINO PIAZZA ANTELMINELLI CHIESA DI SANTA MARIA Piazza Antelminelli www.museocattedralelucca.it DEI SERVI www.diocesilucca.it Piazza dei Servi

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY Pluteus of the choirstall www.luccamusica.it Medallion depicting the man of In the Cathedral letters Giovan Pietro d’Avenza 1485-1490 ca. Annunciata 1465-1470 ca., marble, outer portico, 1482 ca.,polychrome wood. to the right of the main portal.. CHIESA SS. TRINITÀ St. Sebastian matteo Civitali * Funerary monument to Pietro via Elisa 1490 ca., polychrome and gilt terracot- da Noceto ta, assistants. (lucca, 1436 – 1501) www.diocesilucca.it c 1468-1472, marble. SCULPTOR, ARCHITECT ** Two genuflecting Angels from *Madonna della Tosse CHIESA DI SANT’ANDREA 1480 ca., marble. (IN PELLERIA) the dismembered Altar of the The family name of the artist, who was born in Lucca, derived from his father’s Sacrament Via Sant’Andrea birthplace, Cividale del Friuli. Information on him is scarce because Vasari did 1478-1480 ca., marble. CHIESA DI S. MICHELE IN FORO www.comune.lucca.it

not devote a Life to him, mentioning him only occasionally and sometimes Funerary monument to Domenico Piazza San Michele Virgin and Child unreliably, perhaps due to difficulty in verifying facts outside of the Grand Bertini Virgin and Child 1466-1467, painted and gilt terracotta. Duchy. In the fifteenth century Civitali was Lucca’s most famous and highly 1479-1480, marble. 1480 ca., marble. ** Chapel of the Volto Santo esteemed artist, the head of a successful dynasty. His versatile family work- ORATORIO DELLA MADONNINA 1482-1484. shop engaged in the fields of architecture, sculptures in wood and marble, CHIESA DI SAN FREDIANO DI PORTA SAN PIETRO * Altar of St. Regulus terracotta, painting, architecture and publishing. While his friendship with Piazza S. Frediano Via Francesco Carrara 1480-1485 ca., marble. Antonio Rossellino is documented, his stay in Florence is not. Supposedly, it www.comune.lucca.it www.luccamusica.it Design of the marble inlaid floor took place in the , and echoes of Florentine sculptures and monuments with geometric motifs * Annunciation Tomb of St. Avertin and St. are reflected in some of his works. For around thirty years he produced works 1485-1490 ca. 1489 ca., polychrome wood. Romeus for the , enough of them to cause Henry James, who visited the Design of the choirstall Altar of the SS. Sacramento 1485-1490 ca., marble, fragments. city in 1874 to write that the artist had his museum there. Civitali had in fact 1485-1490 ca. 1489, marble, now converted into a been forgotten over the centuries, but was rediscovered in the second half of Two holy water stoups baptismal font. PALAZZO PRETORIO

the 19th century, when he was hailed as a symbol of Lucca’s artistic excellence. 1490-1495, marble. Piazza San Michele To a solid definition of the figures, of classical derivation, he added emotional Pulpit CHIESA DI S. ROMANO 1494-1498, marble. Piazza S. Romano Project and expressive tension reminiscent of Northern sculpture, which he may have www.comune.lucca.it from 1492, construction carried out observed in artworks transported along the Via Francigena, the great artery by his son Nicolao after his death and traversed by pilgrims stretching from Northern Europe to Rome and passing Tomb of St. Romulus enlarged in 1589 by Vincenzo Civitali. through Lucca. Civitali’s works, skilfully drawing inspiration from Donatello’s 1490, marble. stiacciato reliefs and enriched by delicate pictorial details, show a notable tal- 66 ent for portraiture as well. Discovery matteo c civitali

MUSEO NAZIONALE DI  BENABBIO, FRAZIONE  CASTIGLIONE DI  PISA  FLORENCE VILLA GUINIGI Via della Quarquonia DI BAGNI DI LUCCA (LU) GARFAGNANA (LU) CATTEDRALE DI SANTA MARIA MUSEO NAZIONALE DEL www.luccamuseinazionali.it ASSUNTA BARGELLO ORATORIO DEI SS. FILIPPO SANTUARIO DI SAN PELLEGRINO Piazza del Duomo Via del Proconsolo, 4 * Annunciation E GIACOMO Funerary tempietto of www.opapisa.it www.bargellomusei.beniculturali.it 1472-1480, marble, with other Piazza primo maggio sculptors www.diocesilucca.it St. Peregrine and St. Bianco Panel with friezes and cymation Allegory of Faith The of St. Peregrine is found Virgin and Child 1486 ca., marble. 1480 ca., marble. Tabernacle of the Eucharist today in the apse 1466-1467, marble. 1485-1488, marble. 1474-1489. Christ with the Flagel * Christ the Saviour wearing the MUSEO DELL’OPERA DEL DUOMO 1495-1501 ca., marble. Crown of Thorns Piazza del Duomo, 23 Profile of a Lady 1485-1490 ca., marble.  LAMMARI (LU)  BORGO A MOZZANO (LU) www.opapisa.it 1490-1495, marble. * Vir dolorum 1487 ca., polychrome wood. PARROCCHIALE DEI SS. JACOPO CHIESA DI SAN JACOPO Altar * Christ the Saviour crowned E ASSUNTA Piazza S. Rocco, 1 1486-1487, marble, with assistants, rebuilt. with Thorns Via Lombarda, 189 www.diocesilucca.it

1485-1490, terracotta. Bust of a Lady * Tabernacle with the Redeemer 1465 ca., marble. Virgin and Child St. Bernardine of Siena 1496-1501, marble, Baptismal font in 1465 ca., wood. 1495 ca., painted and gilt terracotta. the form of funerary monument. * St. James  (PI) CHIESA DI SAN MICHELE A 1497 ca., polychrome terracotta.  CAMAIORE (LU) MUGNANO CHIESA DI SAN GIOVANNI Strada comunale Mugnano MUSEO D’ARTE SACRA EVANGELISTA www.diocesilucca.it  GRAGNANO, FRAZIONE Via IV Novembre, 71 Piazza S. Giovanni

www.parrocchiaponsacco.it Virgin of the Annunciation DI CAPANNORI (LU) * Virgin of the Annunciation 1468 ca., polychrome wood. wood. Madonna del Latte SANTUARIO DI BELVEDERE via di Belvedere (known as Madonna of the Snow) 1490 ca., polychrome terracotta.  MONTE SAN QUIRICO (LU) www.diocesilucca.it  PRATO Virgin and Child CHIESA DI SAN QUIRICO BASILICA DEI SANTI VINCENZO via della Chiesa 1485 ca., polychrome terracotta. E CATERINA DE’ RICCI

Piazza San Domenico St. Sebastian 1492 ca., polychrome terracotta. * Virgin and Child

1461-1462, gilt marble.

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 FLORENCE  PRATO ** Annunciation ARCICONFRATERNITA DELLA 1493, glazed terracotta. CHIESA DI SANTA MARIA DELLE MISERICORDIA Chiostro degli Uomini. CARCERI Piazza del Duomo Piazza Santa Maria delle Carceri

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY * Virgin and Child with Saints OSPEDALE DI SAN PAOLO * Frieze with the Four 1466, glazed terracotta. Piazza Santa Maria Novella ** Evangelists in the pendentives

* Franciscan Saints and Opere of the dome MUSEO NAZIONALE DEL BARGELLO 1491-1492, glazed terracotta. di Misericordia Via del Proconsolo, 4 1493-1496, polychrome glazed www.bargellomusei.beniculturali.it terracotta. d  PISTOIA ** Virgin and Child, ** Meeting of St. Francis and ‘Madonna of the Architects’ St. Dominic CATTEDRALE DI SAN ZENO 1475, glazed terracotta. 1493-1496, polychrome glazed Piazza del Duomo terracotta. Young Lady 1465-1470, glazed terracotta. * Ceiling with coffers and Portrait of a Child BASILICA DI SANTA CROCE lunettes over the central portal andrea della robbia 1460-1465, glazed terracotta. Piazza Santa Croce depicting the Virgin and Child (Florence, 1435 – 1525) www.santacroceopera.it with Angels Madonna of the Cushion 1500-1505 ca., glazed terracotta. 1504-1505, glazed terracotta. CERAMIST Christ in Prayer 1490 ca., glazed terracotta. Sagrestia. Andrea trained with his uncle, Luca, who adopted him and then made him man- MUSEO DELL’OPERA DEL DUOMO * Virgin and Child, Angel and  AREZZO ager of the workshop. Following in the footsteps of his master, Andrea became Piazza del Duomo, 9 Saints www.ilgrandemuseodelduomo.it 1480-149), glazed terracotta. renowned all over Tuscany and Central Italy for his marvellous enamelled ter- CATTEDRALE DEI SANTI PIETRO Cappella del Noviziato. racottas. He worked for the Franciscan Observants and for Savonarola’s fol- The Eternal Father with two E DONATO Piazza Duomo lowers but was also assigned commissions in the Casentino area, at , Angels in Adoration Arezzo, the Val di Chiana, the Val Tiberina, the Valdarno, in Siena and Pistoia. 1487-1488, glazed terracotta. * St. Donatus  FIESOLE (FI) In Florence his most important works are in the Basilica di Santa Croce, at the 1480 ca., polychrome painted terracotta. Innocenti and the Bargello. He had five sons, all of whom produced glazed ter- OSPEDALE DEGLI INNOCENTI MUSEO BANDINI ** The Holy Trinity with racotta. They were highly successful, from to the Iberian Peninsula and Piazza SS. Annunziata Via Giovanni Duprè, 1 St. Bernard and St. Donatus www.istitutodeglinnocenti.it www.comune.fiesole.fi.it as far as France and the British Isles, thanks to the industrial and commercial, 1485-1486, glazed terracotta. Cappella della Madonna del Conforto. as well as artisanal, expertise of one of the most prestigious Florentine work- ** Tondi with Putti in swaddling Virgin and Child with Angels Madonna Enthroned with Saints 1495 ca., glazed terracotta. shops of the 15th-16th century. Andrea was buried in San Pier Maggiore beside clothes 1493-1495, glazed terracotta, the work the tomb of his uncle Luca, his adopted father. 1487, glazed terracotta. ** Effigy of a Young Man of Andrea and assistants, Cappella 1500 ca., glazed terracotta. della Madonna del Conforto. 70 Discovery andrea d della robbia

(AR)  CHIUSI DELLA VERNA (AR)  CAMALDOLI (AR)  MONTEVARCHI (AR)  SIENA CATTEDRALE DEI SANTI PIETRO E DONATO MUSEO CIVICO SANTUARIO DELLA VERNA CHIESA DELL’EREMO MUSEO D’ARTE SACRA DELLA BASILICA DELL’OSSERVANZA Piazza Duomo Via Niccolò Aggiunti, 65 COLLEGIATA Strada dell’Osservanza ** Annunciation * Virgin and Child with Saints Virgin with the Christ Child and www.museocivicosansepolcro.it Via del Lungo Isidoro www.basilicaosservanza.it 1475 ca., glazed terracotta. Chiesa 1490-1495, glazed terracotta. www.comune.montevarchi.ar.it Saints ** Nativity Maggiore. Coronation of the Virgin and late 15th century, glazed terracotta, 1485 ca., glazed terracotta. Incarnation ** Tempietto Saints with assistants, Cappella della Madon- 1479, glazed terracotta. Chiesa  STIA (AR) 1495-1500, glazed terracotta. 1480-1485 ca., glazed terracotta. na del Conforto. CATTEDRALE DI SAN GIOVANNI Maggiore. ** Frieze depicting Count Guido Annunciation Assumption EVANGELISTA * Ascension CHIESA DI SANTA MARIA ASSUNTA Guerra consigning the Reliquary 1490 ca., glazed terracotta. late 15th century, glazed terracotta, Via XX Settembre 1493, glazed terracotta. with Luca the Piazza Tanucci to the clergy St. Bonaventura and Workshop of Andrea della Robbia, Younger, Chiesa Maggiore. 1495-1500, glazed terracotta. St. Louis of Toulouse Cappella della Madonna del Conforto. Tabernacle Virgin and Child * St. Francis and St. Antony the Abbot Pair of coats of arms of 1490 ca., glazed terracotta. 1495 ca., polychrome glazed terracotta. 1495 ca., glazed terracotta. 1480 ca., glazed terracotta. Chiesa Montevarchi held up by putti CHIESA DI SANTA MARIA IN GRADI Maggiore. 1500 ca., glazed terracotta. Piazza Santa Maria in Gradi, 1 Heraldic arms of the Arte della Lana  SANTA FIORA (GR)  (AR)  POPPI (AR) ** Our Lady of Mercy and Saints di Firenze 1495 ca., attributed to assistants,  PIEVE DELLE SANTE FLORA 1490 ca., glazed terracotta, CHIESA DI SANTA MARIA DELLA CHIESA DI SAN MATTEO PISA Chiesa Maggiore. E LUCILLA with the aid of assistants. FRATERNITA Memmenano * Assumption of the Virgin, MUSEO NAZIONALE DI SAN MATTEO Piazza Arcipretura

** Virgin and Child * Pentecost Piazza San Matteo in Soarta, 1 with Saints and Angels * Coronation of the Virgin and CHIESA DI SANTA MARIA DELLE 1460 ca., from an idea of Luca. 1488 ca., glazed terracotta, Chiesetta 1500-1505, glazed terracotta, www.sbappsae-pi.beniculturali.it Saints with predella GRAZIE di Santa Maria degli Angeli. with Luca the Younger. Via Santa Maria delle Grazie, 1 * Virgin in Adoration of the Christ 1480-1490, glazed terracotta, COLLEGIATA DEI SANTI MARTINO * The Nativity Child with Three Seraphim with assistants. E LEONARDO 1493, polychrome glazed terracotta, * Altar 1500 ca., glazed terracotta. * Assumption of the Virgin Chiesetta di Santa Maria degli Angeli.  BIBBIENA (AR) 1487-1498,marble and glazed terra- * Madonna of the Girdle Pulpit cotta, with assistants. * Christ in Pietà 1502, glazed terracotta. CHIESA DI SAN LORENZO 1493, polychrome glazed terracotta, Via Dovizi  VOLTERRA (PI) with Luca the Younger, Chiesetta di CHIESA DI SAN MICHELE ARCANGELO Santa Maria degli Angeli.  ANGHIARI (AR) * Pietà and Nativity DUOMO * Ascension of Jesus ** Crucifixion 1513-1520, glazed terracotta, Piazza San Giovanni CHIESA DI SANTA MARIA 1495-1500 ca., glazed terracotta, 1481, glazed terracotta. Cappella delle with Girolamo.

DELLE GRAZIE with Giovanni. Stigmate. Nativity and Adoration Via della Propositura * Bust of the Redeemer of the Magi

1490-1495 ca., polychrome painted 1475 ca., painted terracotta, Our Lady of Mercy CHIESA DI SAN FRANCESCO terracotta, Museo del Convento. Cappella della Madonna. 1495, polychrome glazed terracotta, * glazed terracotta, with Giovanni. with assistant. 1495-1500, glazed terracotta.

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 FLORENCE  PISTOIA

TABERNACOLO DELLE FONTICINE BASILICA DI SANTA MARIA OSPEDALE DEL CEPPO Via Nazionale NOVELLA Piazza Giovanni XXIII Piazza Santa Maria Novella

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY ** Virgin and Child with Saints www.smn.it ** Medallions with frames depict– 1522, polychrome enamelled ing armorial bearings of the terracotta. * Lavabo Ceppo, Annunciation, Virgin of

1497, marble and polychrome glazed the Assumption, Visitation, Medi- terracotta, sacristy. MUSEO NAZIONALE DEL BARGELLO cean armorial bearings, armorial Via del Proconsolo, 4 bearings of Pistoia, armorial www.bargellomusei.beniculturali.it CERTOSA DEL GALLUZZO bearings of Santa Maria Nuova d * Nativity or Crèche ** Fathers of the Church, 1525-1529, polychrome terracotta, with assistants. 1521, polychrome glazed terracotta. Founding Saints, personages Ascension from the Old and New Testaments 1510 ca., polychrome glazed terracotta. 1525, polychrome glazed terracotta,  AREZZO giovanni della robbia Lunette with Pietà Chiostro Grande dei Monaci.

(Florence, 1469 – 1529/1530) 1521 ca.,polychrome glazed terracotta. CHIESA DI SAN DOMENICO * St. Ursula Via di Sasso Verde CERAMIST 1520-1530, polychrome glazed  FIESOLE (FI) terracotta. * St. Peter the Martyr The most talented of Andrea sons, Giovanni, specialised in polychrome terra- * Pietà with St. John the Baptist MUSEO BANDINI 1515-1520, glazed terracotta, cotta. His works can be seen in Florence at the Museo del Bargello, in the large and the Magdalene Via Giovanni Duprè, 1 with Girolamo. www.comune.fiesole.fi.it cloister of the Certosa del Galluzzo, outside the loggia of the Spedale del Cep- 1514, polychrome terracotta. po in Pistoia, with the tondos in the pendentives of the arches, and in other Meeting of Jesus and St. John in Visitation MUSEO DIOCESANO D’ARTE SACRA Tuscan localities. Childhood 1517 ca., polychrome glazed terracotta. Piazza del Duomo, 1 1510 ca., glazed terracotta. www.diocesiarezzo.it A crucially important figure for the works of his maturity was the Spedalingo, or director, of Santa Maria Nuova, Leonardo Buonafede, buried in the Certosa  PISA * The del Galluzzo where he had been prior, who commissioned Giovanni’s works for CHIESA DEI SS. APOSTOLI 1510-1521, glazed terracotta. Piazzetta del Limbo the Ceppo in Pistoia and for the Certosa itself. CAMPOSANTO ** Tabernacle Piazza Duomo CASA MUSEO IVAN BRUSCHI 1500-1510, glazed terracotta. www.opapisa.it Corso Italia, 14 www.fondazioneivanbruschi.it Virgin of the Assumption with Saints * Redeemer 1518-1520, polychrome terracotta. 1520 ca., glazed terracotta.

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 BUCINE (AR)  TERRANOVA

PIEVE DI SAN GIOVANNI BATTISTA BRACCIOLINI (AR)

ARCIPRETURA DI SANTA MARIA **Baptismal font 1510-1521, glazed terracotta. * Pietà of Christ * St. John the Baptist 1510-1520, painted terracotta. 1510-1521, glazed terracotta. * Ciborium 1510-1521, glazed terracotta.  VOLTERRA (PI)

SAN GIROLAMO  SAN GIOVANNI VALDARNO (AR) ** Last Judgement 1501, glazed terracotta. BASILICA DI SANTA MARIA DELLE GRAZIE Piazza Masaccio  (SI)

** The Virgin Consigning her SAN LUCCHESE Girdle to the Apostle St. Thomas with St. John the Baptist and * St. Anne presenting St. Lawrence Mary Immaculate 1514 o 1517, glazed terracotta. 1513, glazed terracotta.

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 FLORENCE

CATTEDRALE DI SANTA MARIA MUSEO NAZIONALE DEL BARGELLO CHIESA DI ORSANMICHELE DEL FIORE Via del Proconsolo, 4 Via dell’Arte della Lana Piazza del Duomo www.bargellomusei.beniculturali.it www.bargellomusei.beniculturali.it

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY www.ilgrandemuseodelduomo.it ** Virgin and Child, known as Round coat of arms with ** Resurrection ‘of Santa Maria Nuova’ battle-axe and frame 1442-1445, enamelled terracotta, 1450, glazed terracotta. 1440 ca., glazed terracotta, for the Sacristy door.. **Virgin and Child, Arte dei Maestri di Pietra e Legname. ** Ascension known as ‘of the Apple’ * Round coat of arms with Lily of luca della robbia 1446-1451, enamelled terracotta, 1440-1445 ca., glazed terracotta. Florence and frame d Sacristy door. 1463, glazed terracotta, above the (Florence, 1399/1400 – 1482) ** Virgin and Child, * Bronze door with Episodes from known as ‘of the Rosebush’ aedicule of the Tribunale di Mercanzia. CERAMIST the Life of Christ 1471-1482, glazed terracotta. * Tondo with Virgin and Child 1445, Sacrestia delle Messe. * Virgin and Child with Angels, 1466, glazed terracotta. Born in a family of merchants, Luca was the founder of the Della Robbia fa- * Angels holding Candles known as ‘of Via dell’Agnolo’ Coat of arms of the Arte dei mily’s famous workshop, which he represented on the highest levels, creating 1448, glazed terracotta, 1471, lunette with frame, in glazed Medici e Speziali Cappella Maggiore. Glazed terracotta. masterpieces in marble and in bronze. In 1427 he became a member of the Arte terracotta. della Lana, the wool merchants’ guild and in 1432, of the Masters of Stone Deliverance and Crucifixion Tondo with coat of arms of the and Wood. From Ghiberti and from Nanni di Banco he learned the agile lines MUSEO DELL’OPERA DEL DUOMO of St. Peter Arte della Seta Piazza del Duomo, 9 that, invigorated by Donatello, resulted in a rounded naturalness, which he 1441, marble relief sculptures. Glazed terracotta. www.ilgrandemuseodelduomo.it Red door with putti transmitted to the sculptors in his workshop 1450-1460, glazed terracotta. Noteworthy among his works in Florence are, in the Cathedral of Santa Maria Cantoria choir-stall BASILICA DI SANTA CROCE del Fiore, the lunettes in relief above the doors of the two sacristies, the Res- 1431-1439, marble. Piazza di Santa Croce Bearded Prophet www.santacroceopera.it BASILICA DI SAN MINIATO AL urrection and the Ascension, the bronze Door to the Sacrestia delle Messe and 1425 ca., attributed, marble statuette MONTE the marble Cantoria, the choir-stall with the joyous putti dancing, singing and ** Tondos with the Twelve * Grammar, Dialectics, Via della Porte Sante, 34 playing musical instruments. Apostles Music, Geometry and Arithmetic, 1445-1470, in glazed terracotta, ** Dove of the Holy Spirit and Astrology or Harmony Cappella Pazzi, to Brunelleschi’s the Four Cardinal Virtues 1437-1439,in marble, reliefs from project. 1461-1462, glazed terracotta, Cappella Giotto’s Bell Tower. del Cardinale di Portogallo. Evangelists Attribution uncertain, ** Coffered ceiling polychrome terracotta. 1448, glazed terracotta. Cappella del Dome with Pazzi coat of arms Crocifisso. glazed terracotta.

78 Discovery luca d della robbia

 FLORENCE  IMPRUNETA (FI)  (PI)

BASILICA DI SANTA TRINITA SANTUARIO DI SANTA MARIA CHIESA DI SANT’ANDREA Piazza di Santa Trinita Via Andrea di Mino www.diocesifirenze.it ** Aedicule of the Virgin 1452-1470 ca., glazed terracotta. Virgin and Child ** Tomb of Bishop Federighi Aedicule of the Crucifixion 1435 ca., painted terracotta. 1455-1459 ca., marble with glazed 1452-1470 ca., glazed terracotta. terracotta frame.  FOIANO OSPEDALE DEGLI INNOCENTI  PISTOIA DELLA CHIANA (AR) Piazza SS. Annunziata www.istitutodeglinnocenti.it CHIESA DI SAN GIOVANNI SANTA MARIA DELLA FRATERNITÀ FUORCIVITAS Via Ricasoli ** Virgin and Child holding a Scroll ‘Ego sum Lux Mundi’ ** Visitation ** Virgin and Child 1445, glazed terracotta. 1445-1450 ca., glazed terracotta. 1460 ca., glazed terracotta.

MUSEO DI SAN MARCO  PESCIA (PT) Piazza San Marco www.polomuseale.firenze.it PALAZZO VESCOVILE

Piazza Duomo * Virgin and Child Enthroned 1450-1460, polychrome glazed * Virgin and Child, Angels and terracotta. Saints 1465-1470 ca., glazed terracotta. CHIESA DI SANTA MARIA A PERETOLA Piazza

** Tabernacle of the Sacrament 1441-1443, marble and glazed terracotta.

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 FLORENCE

MUSEO DELL’OPERA DEL DUOMO BASILICA DI SANTA CROCE BATTISTERO Piazza del Duomo, 9 Piazza Santa Croce, 16 Piazza San Giovanni www.ilgrandemuseodelduomo.it www.santacroceopera.it www.ilgrandemuseodelduomo.it

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY Little Prophet * Crucifix * Tomb of the Anti-Pope John XXIII 1407, marble. 1406-1408, wood. 1422-1428, marble and gilt bronze. * St. John the Evangelist * The Cavalcanti Annunciation 1408-1415, marble. 1435, pietra serena. BASILICA DI SAN LORENZO Series of Prophets from the St. Louis of Toulouse Piazza San Lorenzo, 9 Bell Tower: Bearded Prophet, 1421-1425 ca., gilt bronze. www.operamedicealaurenziana.org d Beardless Prophet, Sacrifice of Isaac *Abacuc, *Jeremiah MUSEO BARDINI Episodes from the Life of St. John 1415-1436, marble. Via dei Renai, 37 the Evangelist ** Cantoria www.museicivicifiorentini.comune.fi.it 1437-1443, polychrome stucco. donatello 1433-1439, marble. The Martyrs’ Door and the ** The Penitent Magdalen Madonna of the Cordai Apostles’ Door (florence, 1383 – 1466) 1433-1435 ca., polychrome stucco. 1440-1443 ca., bronze. 1455-1456, wood. Sarcophagus of the Martelli family SCULPTOR, DRAUGHTSMAN, GOLDSMITH 1455 ca., marble. MUSEO NAZIONALE DEL PALAZZO VECCHIO Piazza della Signoria ** Pulpit of the Passion of the Donato di Niccolò di Betto Bardi, known as Donatello, is traditionally consid- BARGELLO www.museicivicifiorentini.comune.fi.it Via del Proconsolo, 4 Resurrection ered one of the three fathers of the Renaissance, along with Brunelleschi after 1460, bronze. www.bargellomusei.beniculturali.it and Masaccio. He profoundly renewed the art of sculpture, undertaking bold ** Judith and Holofernes experimentation, both figurative and technical, and utilising such varied ma- 1453-1457, bronze. * David terials as wood, bronze, marble, terracotta, and stucco. Donatello probably be- 1408-1409, marble.  PRATO gan his career as a goldsmith’s apprentice. He went to Rome with Brunelleschi ** St. George MUSEO DI ORSANMICHELE later, to study the art of antiquity that was to deeply influence his style, 1415-1417, marble. Via dell’Arte della Lana, 1 MUSEO DELL’OPERA DEL DUOMO www.bargellomusei.beniculturali.it Piazza del Duomo, 49 which was however ‘modern’ for the expressiveness and psychological insight St. George Rescuing the Princess 1416-1417, marble. www.diocesiprato.it typical of his work. He perfected the technique of stiacciato: a bas-relief with St. Mark thicknesses varying by only a few millimetres and a pictorial effect. And he Marzocco 1411-1413, marble. * Pulpit of the Prato Cathedral 1419-1420, sandstone. was the first to utilise linear perspective in a bas-relief. These particular fea- 1434-1438, marble and mosaic. Cupid-Atys tures of his style can already be seen in the bas-relief of St. George Rescuing 1440 ca., bronze. the Princess. Of the utmost importance was his stay in , where he left ** David great works that powerfully influenced other artists. Returning to Tuscany, 1440, bronze. he created his most expressive and tormented works, such as the beautiful San Giovannino Martelli Penitent Magdalene. 1442 ca., wood. 82 Discovery d donatello

 LUCCA  SIENA

MUSEO NAZIONALE DI BATTISTERO DI SAN GIOVANNI VILLA GUINIGI Piazza San Giovanni Via della Quarquonia www.operaduomo.siena.it/battistero www.luccamuseinazionali.it * Banquet of Herod Virgin and Child 1423-1427, gilt bronze. 1406-1408. Faith and Hope Virgin and Child 1427-1429 ca., gilt bronze, statue on 1406-1408, terracotta. the baptismal font. Dancing Putto and Putto with Trumpet  PISA 1427-1429 ca., bronze, baptismal font.

MUSEO NAZIONALE DI CATTEDRALE DI SANTA MARIA SAN MATTEO ASSUNTA Piazza San Matteo in Soarta, 1 piazza del Duomo www.sbappsae-pi.beniculturali.it www.operaduomo.siena.it/cattedrale

Reliquary Bust of St. Rossore Tombstone of Giovanni Pecci after 1424-1427 ca., bronze. after 1426, bronze. * St. John the Baptist 1455-1457 ca,, bronze.  AREZZO CATTEDRALE DEI SANTI PIETRO MUSEO DELL’OPERA DEL DUOMO E DONATO piazza del Duomo, 8 Piazza del Duomo, 1 www.operaduomo.siena.it www.diocesiarezzo.it St. John the Baptist Baptism of Christ 1455-1457 ca., bronze. after 1425, marble. Madonna of Pardon 1457-1459, marble inlaid with blue glass.

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 SIENA  BUONCONVENTO (SI) MUSEO DELL’OPERA MUSEO CIVIO METROPOLITANA DEL DUOMO PALAZZO PUBBLICO MUSEO DI ARTE SACRA Piazza del Duomo, 8 Piazza del Campo, 1 DELLA VAL D’ARBIA GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY www.operaduomo.siena.it www.comune.siena.it via Socini, 18

www.museisenesi.org ** The Crevole Madonna ** Consigning the Castle 1283-1284, empera on wood from of Giuncarico ** Virgin and Child of the Pieve di S. Cecilia a Crevole. 1314 ca., part of fresco. Buonconvento ** Stained-glass window of the 1290-1295, tempera on wood from the Chiesa dei S. Pietro e Paolo in d 1285 ca.  FLORENCE Buonconvento. ** Majesty of the Siena Cathedral 1308-1311, tempera on wood. BASILICA DI S. MARIA NOVELLA Piazza di S. Maria Novella, 18  www.smn.it PINACOTECA NAZIONALE CHIESA DI S. FRANCESCO via di S. Pietro, 29 * St. Gregory Enthroned, the www.pinacotecanazionale.siena.it Piazza di S. Francesco, 2 Eternal Father Enthroned with ** Virgin and Child with Three Two Angels ** Painted cross 1283-1285, remains of frescoes, 1289 ca., tempera on wood. Cappella di S. Gregorio. duccio da boninsegna 1285 ca., tempera on wood. (Siena, 1255 – 1318/1320) ** Polyptych n° 28  1300-1305 ca., tempera on wood, GALLERIA DEGLI UFFIZI (GR) PAINTER Piazzale degli Uffizi, 6 from the Chiesa di S. Domenico. DUOMO DI S. CERBONE ** Polyptych n° 47 www.uffizi.it ‘Mater Sancta Dei, sis causa Senis requiei. Sis Ducio vita te quia pinxit ita’ Piazza Duomo 1315-1319, tempera on wood, from the The Rucellai Maestà www.diocesimassamarittima.it (Holy Mother of God, may you be a reason of peace for Siena. May you be life Spedale di S. Maria della Scala. 1285, tempera on wood, for Duccio, because he painted you thus)’, read the words appearing on the rom the Chiesa di S. Maria Novella in * Maestà dais of the throne of the Virgin in Majesty painted for the main altar of Siena’s MUSEO DELLA SOCIETÀ DI Florence. 1316 ca., tempera on wood.

Cathedral. The inscription, placing the life of the painter on the same level as ESECUTORI DI PIE DISPOSIZIONI via Roma, 71 peace for the city, exalts his greatness. In effect, Duccio’s pictorial style, influenced by the work of Cimabue, had the * Flagellation of Christ, merit of melding Byzantine pictorial tradition with innovations in art coming Crucifixion and Deposition from the North, as demonstrated by the Rucellai Madonna. Despite a strong in the Tomb tendency to express refined, discreet elegance with a touch of sweetness, af- 1295 ca., tempera on wood. ter his stay in Florence he became even more faithful to Byzantine art. 86 Discovery giovanni fattori f

 LIVORNO  FLORENCE

MUSEO CIVICO GIOVANNI FATTORI GALLERIA D’ARTE MODERNA CORRIDOIO VASARIANO via S. Jacopo in Acquaviva, 63 PALAZZO PITTI Galleria degli Uffizi

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY www.beniculturali.it Piazza de’ Pitti, 1 Via della Ninna, 5 www.polomuseale.firenze.it www.uffizi.it * The Assault at Madonna della Scoperta * Self-portrait Self-portrait 1868, oil on canvas. 1854, oil on canvas. 1884, oil on canvas.

* The Cavalry Charge ** The Italian Camp at the Battle at Montebello of Magenta f 1862, oil on canvas. 1862, oil on canvas. * Herds of Cattle in Maremma Cousin Argia 1893, oil on canvas. 1861, oil on cardboard. Roman Countryside ** The Palmieri Rotonda 1896, oil on canvas. 1866, oil on wood. giovanni fattori Signora Martelli * Man Caught in a Stirrup (livorno, 1825 – Florence, 1908) at Castiglioncello 1880, oil on canvas. PAINTER 1867, oil on canvas. The South-Wester 1880-1885, oil on wood. Painter and engraver, the artist left his native Livorno at the age of 21, mov- White Horse 1903, pastel on canvas ing to Florence to study with Giuseppe Bezzuoli. Joining the group of painters known as the Macchiaioli for their use of macchie (spots) of light and colour. He was to become the most famous member of this movement. Fattori managed to go beyond academic painting to attain a purist realism attentive to the representation of ordinary, humble aspects of daily life. He painted many subjects of historical and military nature, presenting them with the modern eye of a reporter and emphasising the fatigue, pain and fear, rather than the epic side of war. Although Fattori travelled extensively, he always remained linked to his Tuscany and the landscape of Maremma. He was an outstanding water-colourist and etcher, and painted numerous portraits of striking plastic impact. Many of his works are now found in public and pri- vate collections all over Italy.

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 FLORENCE

MUSEO DELL’OPERA DEL DUOMO MUSEO NAZIONALE DEL BARGELLO VENERABILE ARCICONFRATERNITA Piazza del Duomo, 9 Via del Proconsolo, 4 DELLA MISERICORDIA www.ilgrandemuseodelduomo.it www.bargellomusei.beniculturali.it Piazza del Duomo

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY ** North Door * The Sacrifice of Isaac Virgin and Child half-bust on a 1402-1424, bronze. 1402, bronze. Pedestal with Reclining Eve

** East Door 1420-1429 ca., terracotta. 1425-1455, bronze. CHIESA DI ORSANMICHELE Via dell’Arte della Lana BASILICA DI SANTA CROCE www.bargellomusei.beniculturali.it CATTEDRALE DI SANTA MARIA Piazza di Santa Croce g DEL FIORE St. Stephen www.santacroceopera.it Piazza del Duomo 1428, bronze. www.ilgrandemuseodelduomo.it Tombstone of Ludovico degli Obizi St. John the Baptist (design) lorenzo Ghiberti Assumption of the Virgin, 1412-1416, bronze. (Florence, 1378 – 1455) 1424-1425 ca., marble. St. Lawrence enthroned with four St. Matthew Angels, St. Stephen enthroned 1419-1422, bronze. SCULPTOR, GOLDSMITH, ARCHITECT, WRITER BASILICA DI SANTA MARIA with four Angels NOVELLA 1404-1405, cartoons for stained-glass Ghiberti was a leading figure in the civic and religious art of the early 15th BASILICA DI SANTA TRINITA Piazza di Santa Maria Novella window. Piazza di Santa Trinita century. Training as a goldsmith in his father’s atelier, he acquired the www.smn.it Ascension precision and graceful rendering of details that won him the esteem of his 1443, cartoon for stained-glass Sacristy Tombstone of Fra Leonardo Dati fellow townsmen. In 1401, his victory in the competition for the Door of the window. 1418-1423. 1425-1427, bronze. Baptistery made him a crucial reference point as well as the inspiration Prayer in the Garden for other great artists. In the city of fabrics and brocades, he appeared to 1443, cartoon for stained-glass ARCISPEDALE DI SANTA MARIA be the ideal representative of the sophisticated Florentine cultural world, window. NUOVA  SIENA developing a style marked by elegant, refined drapery, combined with the Presentation at the Temple Piazza Santa Maria Nuova, 1 1445, cartoon for stained-glass www.fondazionesantamarianuova.it BATTISTERO great innovations of the Renaissance, such as Brunelleschi’s perspective and window. Piazza San Giovanni Donatello’s stiacciato. Public interest in and appreciation of his talent was so The Eternal Father Bestowing Tomb of St. Zanobius www.operaduomo.siena.it

great that, for the realisation of the East Door of the Baptistery, called the 1432-42, bronze. Blessings Door of Paradise, the work was commissioned directly to him without a public 1450, gilt bronze. The Baptism of Christ

competition, as was instead customary at the time. Lastly, his contribution to 1417-1427, bronze the history of art as author and historian is noteworthy. The Commentaries, The Capture of John the Baptist 1417-1427, bronze. written during the last years of his life, from 1452 to 1455, are crucially important for a knowledge of the artistic techniques and the great masters 90 of the 14th and 15th centuries. Discovery david e benedetto Ghirlandaio g

 FLORENCE  PISA

MUSEO DEL CENACOLO MUSEO NAZIONALE DEL BARGELLO MUSEO NAZIONALE DI SAN MATTEO DI SAN SALVI Via del Proconsolo, 4 Piazza S. Matteo in Soarta, 1 david Ghirlandaio Via di S. Salvi, 16 www.bargellomusei.beniculturali.it www.sbappsae-pi.beniculturali.it (Florence, 1452 – 1525) GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY Crucifixion with the Virgin and Bust of St. Peter St. Sebastian and St. Roch PAINTER St. John the Evangelist, St. Mary mosaic, Sala degli Avori. tempera on wood.

Magdalene, St. Egidius and Domenico’s younger brother, David Bigordi, who was also called Ghirlandaio, St. followed in his footsteps, frequenting the workshops of 1489-1490, tempera on wood.  SAN DONNINO (FI) and Verrocchio. He was the administrator and businessman of the family ate- g lier, and as assistant he often helped with many of his brother Domenico’s CHIESA DI SANT’ANDREA BASILICA DELLA SS. ANNUNZIATA Piazza Costituzione, 1 paintings, among them the cycle of frescoes in the Florentine church of Santa Piazza SS. Annunziata Maria Novella. Domenico was especially interested in mosaic, but also experi- http://annunziata.xoom.it Virgin Enthroned with Saints

mented with the techniques of working glass and copper. Working as painter and side panels with saints Annunciation and musician especially after the death of his brother, he completed cycles (attributed) 1509, mosaic, central outer Portal 1490 ca., tempera on wood. now lost in the of Siena and Orvieto. At the death of his brother (perhaps completed by Ridolfo in 1513). Domenico he inherited the workshop and acted as tutor to his nephew Ridolfo. Baptism of Christ In 1503 he was one of the artists called upon to decide where Michelangelo’s 1473 ca., fresco. David should be placed. benedetto Ghirlandaio (Florence, 1458 – 1497)  FLORENCE PAINTER BASILICA DI SANTA MARIA It is likely that Benedetto Bigordi, known as Ghirlandaio, also worked with NOVELLA Verrocchio initially. From documented sources we know that he was a minia- Piazza Santa Maria Novella www.smn.it tor, and that he stayed in France from around 1486 to 1493, probably in the entourage of some wealthy Florentine merchant. Returning to Florence after St. Lucia and a Worshiper the death of his brother Domenico, he continued to work in the family shop to- 1494, oil on wood, left nave. gether with David, completing the works left unfinished, which makes it hard to distinguish his contribution today from that of his brothers. 92 Discovery domenico Ghirlandaio g

 FLORENCE

CHIESA DI OGNISSANTI CHIESA DI SANTA TRINITA GALLERIA DELL’ACCADEMIA Borgo Ognissanti, 42 Piazza di Santa Trinita via Ricasoli, 58/60 Cappella Sassetti www.galleriaaccademiafirenze.

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY * Madonna of Misericordia beniculturali.it (lunette), two Saints, Lament ** Stories of St. Francis over the Dead Christ 1485, cycle of frescoes. St. James, St. Stephen, St. Peter 1471-1473, frescoes. ** Nativity di Cristo 1493-1494, tempera on wood.

* St. Jerome in his study 1485, tempera on wood. 1480, fresco. Consigning the Holy Girdle to CATTEDRALE DI SANTA MARIA domenico Ghirlandaio ** St. Thomas DEL FIORE (Florence, 1449 – 1494) g 1480, fresco, in the Refettorio. 1491, cartoon. Piazza del Duomo Porta della Mandorla PAINTER www.ilgrandemuseodelduomo.it GALLERIA DEGLI UFFIZI BASILICA DI SANTA MARIA Domenico Bigordi, known as Ghirlandaio, owes his nickname to the activity Piazzale degli Uffizi, 6 NOVELLA * Annunciation www.uffizi.it Piazza Santa Maria Novella of his father Tommaso, a goldsmith who specialised in producing garlands 1491, mosaic www.smn.it (ghirlande) for the coiffures of the Florentine ladies. While still very young, * Virgin and Child Enthroned Domenico started working in his father’s shop, learning drawing and painting. with St. Michael, St. Justus, * The Last Supper PALAZZO VECCHIO He then collaborated with Alesso Baldovinetti, who taught him the art of mo- St. Zanobius and St. Raphael 1485-1486, fresco. Piazza della Signoria 1484-1486, tempera on wood. ** Stories of the Virgin Mary www.museicivicifiorentini.comune.it saic. At a later time he probably frequented the atelier of Verrocchio, one of the most famous of its day. By the he was already directing his own shop, * Virgin and Child Enthroned 1485-1490, cycle of frescoes, Cappella Tornabuoni, left wall ** Brutus, Mutius Scevola and where two of his brothers – David and Benedetto – also worked, and later his with St. Diogenes (Dyonisius ?) Camillus; Decius, Scipio and Cicero St. Aeropagita, St. Dominic, St. ** Stories of John the Baptist son Ridolfo. In 1481 Domenico was among the artists sent by Lorenzo the Mag- 1485-1490, cycle of frescoes, 1482, mural frescoes, Sala dei Gigli Clement and St. Thomas Aquinus nificent to fulfil the prestigious commission for decorating the Sistine Chapel Cappella Tornabuoni, right wall 1484-1485, tempera on wood. in Rome, along with, among others, Perugino and Botticelli. His pupil Michel-  angelo Buonarroti, who had learned the art of frescoing in Ghirlandaio’s shop, ** Adoration of the Magi SAN DONNINO (FI) 1487, tempera on wood. GALLERIA DELLO SPEDALE DEGLI was later to paint his masterpiece in this chapel. Ghirlandaio was one of the INNOCENTI CHIESA DI SANT’ANDREA artists most stongly impressed by the sight of ’s Portinari Piazza Santissima Annunziata, 12 Piazza Costituzione, 1 BASILICA DI SAN MARCO www.istitutodeglinnocenti.it Triptych upon its arrival in Florence in 1483; drawing inspiration from it, he Piazza San Marco showed himself to be a skilful portrait painter. He worked for the Medici and Baptism of Christ **Adoration of the Magi lunette (1470 c.a.), fresco the wealthy Florentine families, who appreciated his inventive flair and pleas- ** The Last Supper 1485, tempera on wood Virgin and Child with ant narrative vein. In his most famous frescoes – at Santa Maria Novella and 1485-1486, fresco. St. Sebastian and St. Julian Santa Trinita – he inserted religious stories along with the leading Florentine (1470-1471), fresco citizens of the time, appearing in luxurious late-fifteenth-century settings, to the great satisfaction of his clients. 94 Discovery domenico g ghirlandaio

 SESTO FIORENTINO (FI)  PASSIGNANO (FI)  VOLTERRA (PI)

PIEVE DI SANT’ANDREA BADIA DEI SANTI MICHELE PINACOTECA CIVICA Via Dante da Castiglione, 32, Cercina E BIAGIO Via dei Sarti, 1 Via Passignano, 33 www.museivaldicecina.it * St. Jerome, St. Barbara and St. Antony the Abbot * The Last Supper * Christ in Glory with St. Benedict, 1471-1472, fresco. 1476, fresco, in collaboration St. Romuald, St. Attinea, with David. St. Grecinana, and Fra Giusto di

Gherardo de’ Bonvicini  SCANDICCI (FI) 1492 ca., tempera on wood.  PISA ABBAZIA DI S. SALVATORE E S. LORENZO MUSEO NAZIONALE DI  LUCCA Via S. Lorenzo a Settimo SAN MATTEO

Piazza S. Matteo, 1 CATTEDRALE DI SAN MARTINO Announcing Angel and Virgin of www.sbappsae-pi.beniculturali.it Piazza Antelminelli the Annunciation www.diocesilucca.it 1487, frescoed medallions, Virgin and Child Enthroned with Cappella Maggiore. St. , * Madonna Enthroned,

St. Stephen, St. Lawrence and Angels and Saints St. Dorothea 1479, tempera on wood.  SAN GIMIGNANO (SI) 1478, tempera on wood.

CAPPELLA DI SANTA FINA CATTEDRALE DI SANTA MARIA COLLEGIATA DI SANTA MARIA ASSUNTA ASSUNTA Piazza del Duomo Piazza Duomo, 2 www.opapisa.it www.duomosangimignano.it

Angels singing Hosannas and ** Stories of St. Fina 1475-77, cycle of frescoes. playing musical instruments with assistants, frescoes, Apse.

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M USEO DEL CENACOLO DI FULIGNO GALLERIA DEGLI UFFIZI TABERNACOLO DEL TORRINO DI Via Faenza, 42 Piazzale degli Uffizi, 6 SANTA ROSA www.polomusealetoscana.beniculturali.it www.uffizi.it Lungarno di Santa Rosa

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY Virgin and Child with St. Francis ** Portrait of a Woman, called Pietà with St. John the Evangelist and St. Mary Magdalen ‘The Nun’ and St. Mary Magdalene 1503, oil on wood. (attributed) 1510 ca., oil on wood. fresco. ** Portrait cover with MUSEO DELLA LOGGIA motifs CHIESA DI SAN FELICE IN PIAZZA DEL BIGALLO (attributed) 1510 ca., oil on wood. Piazza San Felice g Piazza San Giovanni www.museicivicifiorentini.comune.fi.it MUSEO DI SAN MARCO Madonna and Child Enthroned

Piazza San Marco, 3 with Saints and the Eternal Father *Predella of the Virgin and Child www.polomuseale.firenze.it oil on wood. ridolfo del Ghirlandaio with Angels by Alberto Arnoldi (Florence, 1483 – 1561) 1515, oil on wood, predella. Madonna of the Girdle and Saints BASILICA DI SANTO SPIRITO

1520-1525 ca., oil on wood. Piazza Santo Spirito PAINTER GALLERIA PALATINA www.basilicasantospirito.it PALAZZO PITTI CHIESA DI OGNISSANTI Although Ridolfo, Domenico’s son, trained in his Uncle David’s workshop, he Virgin and Child with St. Anne amid was always independent. His early works appear in fact inspired by the style Piazza de' Pitti, 1 Borgo Ognissanti, 42 www.polomusealetoscana.beniculturali.it St. Thomas Aquinus, St. Peter the of Fra Bartolomeo, as can be seen in the first of them, Madonna Enthroned Coronation of the Virgin Martyr, St. Dominic, St. Vincenzo with St. Francis and St. Mary Magdalene. St. Peter and St. Paul (attributed) fresco. Ferrer, St. Mary Magdalene, and

Ridolfo was highly esteemed by other artists, most notably Raphael, who 1503 ca., oil on wood. St. Catherine of Alexandria asked him to complete some of his paintings when he had to leave for Florence ** Portrait of a Lady GALLERIA DELL’ACCADEMIA oil on wood, in collaboration with in 1508. He drew much inspiration from Raphael’s style, as is especially evident 1509, oil on wood. via Ricasoli, 58/60 Michele di Ridolfo del Ghirlandaio.

in some of his portraits. He continued to work in his uncle’s atelier at least up Virgin and Child with St. Joseph www.galleriaaccademiafirenze. 1510-1513, oil on wood. beniculturali.it to 1511 but probably acted as co-director of the shop until 1525, the year when MUSEO DEL CENACOLO DI ANDREA David died, leaving him the sole heir. With the return of the Medici to Florence DEL SARTO BASILICA DI S. MARIA NOVELLA * Translation of the Body of in 1512 Ridolfo was assigned major commissions, including the decoration of Via di S. Salvi, 16 Piazza Santa Maria Novella St. Zanobius www.polomuseale.firenze.it the Cappella dei Priori in Palazzo Vecchio. He also worked for the Medici during www.smn.it 1516 ca., oil on wood. the Principate and collaborated with Vasari’s ‘team’ in decorating the ceiling * St. Zanobius Reviving a Child Virgin and Child with St. James, St. of the Salone dei in Palazzo Medici. Increasingly tormented by * Coronation of the Virgin 1516 ca., oil on wood. Francis, St. Clare and St. Lawrence 1515, fresco, Cappella dei Papi. Angels in Prayer oil on wood, in collaboration with gout, in the late 1540s he limited his activity, delegating many projects to 1505-1509, oil on wood. Michele di Ridolfo del Ghirlandaio. others. Like his father and uncles, he was born and died in Florence. 98 Discovery ridolfo del g ghirlandaio

 FLORENCE  VICCHIO (FI)  COLLE VAL D’ELSA (SI)

PALAZZO VECCHIO PIEVE DI SAN GIOVANNI BATTISTA CHIESA DI S. AGOSTINO Piazza della Signoria Piazza Giotto Piazza S. Agostino www.museicivicifiorentini.comune.fi.it Virgin and Child with St. John Pietà and Saints ** Holy Trinity with Angels, the Baptist and St. Sebastian oil on wood. Evangelists, Cherubs, Apparition (attributed) of the Virgin to St. Bernard 1511-1514, frescoed decoration,  MONTE SAN SAVINO (AR)  PRATO SANTUARIO DI SANTA MARIA CAPPELLA DEI PRIORI MUSEO DI PALAZZO PRETORIO DELLE VERTIGHE Grotesque decorations and Piazza del Comune Via delle Vertighe, 563 www.palazzopretorio.prato.it Medici Toledo coat of arms St. Sabinus and St. San Romuald 1540-1542, frescoes, Camera Verde, * Portrait of Baldo Magini 1520, oil on wood. Quartiere di Eleonora. oil on wood.

 SCANDICCI (FI) CATTEDRALE DI SANTO STEFANO Piazza del Duomo Via S. Alessandro a Giogoli, 1 www.diocesiprato.it

Virgin and Child ** Assumption of the Virgin 1506-1510, fresco detached from 1514, oil on wood. tabernacle.

 PISTOIA  REGGELLO (FI) MUSEO CIVICO PIEVE DI S. PIETRO A PITIANA Piazza del Duomo, 1 Località Pieve a Pitiana, 54 www.comune.pistoia.it

*Annunciation * Sacra Conversazione post 1520, oil on wood. oil on wood.

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 SIENA

ARCHIVIO DI STATO DUOMO PINACOTECA NAZIONALE Ufficio della gabella Piazza del Duomo via San Pietro, 29 Banchi di Sotto, 52 www.operaduomo.siena.it pinacotecanazionale.siena.it

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY *Pius II appointing his Nephew ** Angels bearing Candles * Virgin and Child with Angel Francesco Todeschini Piccolomini 1488-1492, bronze, main altar. 1471, tempera on wood. Cardinal **Coronation of the Virgin 1460, wooden plaque. CHIESA DI SANT’AGOSTINO 1472-1474, tempera on wood. Prato di Sant’Agostino ** Nativity with St. Bernard and MUSEO DELL’OPERA DEL DUOMO St. Thomas Aquinus * Nativity of the Virgin and g Piazza del Duomo, 8 1475, tempera on wood. www.operaduomo.siena.it Nativity of Christ * Annunciation francesco di giorgio martini 1488-1494, monochrome frescoes. 1470, tempera on wood.

(Siena, 1439 – 1501) * St. John the Baptist 1464, polychrome wood sculpture. ARCHITECT, THEORIST OF ARCHITECTURE, PAINTER, ENGINEER, SCULPTOR BASILICA DI SAN DOMENICO A versatile, eclectic, painter, sculptor, architect and military engineer, he was Piazza San Domenico, 1 appointed, with Paolo d’Andrea, ‘worker of the ducts’, Siena’s underground www.basilicacateriniana.com water supply system, in 1469, continuing to work on this system almost all his ** Adoration of the Christ Child life. Francesco di Giorgio also provided the architectural design for parts of 1490 ca., tempera on wood. the church of the S. Maria della Scala hospital, where he decorated the ceiling and apse. He worked in the monastery of the Osservanza in Siena and then in Urbino, again commissioned by the Franciscan Order. In 1478 he reinforced the fortifications of Casole d’Elsa.  MONTICIANO (SI)  CASOLE D’ELSA (SI)  CORTONA (AR) He worked in other cities as well, especially at Urbino, where he compiled the CHIESA DI SANTA MARIA DELLE Opusculum de architectura, a treatise illustrated with drawings of machines PONTE DI MACERETO FORTIFICAZIONI DEL BORGO SUL TORRENTE MERSE NELLA VAL D’ELSA. GRAZIE AL CALCINAIO and fortresses, and completed Palazzo Ducale, the cathedral, the church, the cloister and monastery of S. Bernardino and the convent of S. Chiara. Project assigned on October 21, 1485. 1484-1485, project completed by

In 1485 he received payment from the City of Siena for the Macereto Bridge, Pietro di Norbo to the design of Francesco di Giorgio. completed in 1487. He journeyed elsewhere as well, in 1490 to Giangaleazzo Sforza’s Milan and the following year to Naples, ruled by Alfonso Duke of Calabria. Returning to Siena, he participated in rebuilding the church of San Sebastiano in Vallepiatta. He died in 1501 on his estate of Volta at Fighille, near Siena, and was buried in the church of the Osservanza. 102 Discovery giambologna g

 FLORENCE

PIAZZA SIGNORIA MUSEO NAZIONALE DEL BASILICA DELLA S.S. ANNUNZIATA BARGELLO Piazza della SS. Annunziata * Equestrian Monument to Cosimo I Via del Proconsolo, 4 annunziata.xoom.it

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY 1580, bronze. www.bargellomusei.beniculturali.it * Chapel of the Madonna del LOGGIA DEI LANZI Ocean Soccorso 1575, marble. Giambologna’s burial place. * Rape of the Sabine Women * Mercury 1583, marble. 1580 ca., bronze. THE ARTIST’S Hercules and the Centaur Bacchus HOME-STUDIO-FOUNDRY g 1599, marble. 1558-1564, bronze. Borgo Pinti, 24 Florence Subjugating Pisa GROTTA DEL BUONTALENTI 1575 ca., marble. Giardino di Boboli Animals of the Air Via della Petraia, 40 Piazza de' Pitti, 1 1567, bronze. www.polomuseale.firenze.it www.polomuseale.firenze.it * Architecture 1570 ca., marble. Venus (or Fiorenza) giambologna Venus of the Grotticella Putto Fishing bronze. (Douai, 1529 – Florence, 1608) marble. 1560 ca., bronze.

SCULPTOR Bronze statuettes MUSEO DEGLI ARGENTI in the Sala dei Bronzetti.  PRATOLINO (FI) PALAZZO PITTI Jean de Boulogne, a Flemish sculptor who worked in Italy, went to Rome in 1550 Piazza de’ Pitti, 1 * PARCO MEDICEO DI PRATOLINO to study ancient statuary and Michelangelo’s works, drawing inspiration for GALLERIA DELL’ACCADEMIA Via Fiorentina, 276 www.polomuseale.firenze.it via Ricasoli, 58/60 the strong dramatic tension of his figures. He went on to Florence, where Ber- www.cittametropolitana.fi.it www.galleriaaccademiafirenze. nardo Vecchietti introduced him to the court of Francis I dei Medici. The traces The Feats of Francis I Bas-reliefs in gold leaf on background beniculturali.it The Apennine Colossus left by Giambologna in Florence lead through the city’s most emblematic sites, of semiprecious stone. 1579-1580. starting from Piazza della Signoria with the imposing Equestrian Monument Rape of the Sabine Women to Cosimo I in bronze, the Rape of the Sabine Women and the Hercules and the 1583, plaster model. MUSEO HORNE Centaur, both in marble, under the Loggia dei Lanzi. Via de’ Benci, 6 PIAZZA SS. ANNUNZIATA

The artist is buried in the Basilica della SS. Annunziata, in the Tribuna Albert– www.museohorne.it iana in the chapel of the Madonna del Soccorso, for which he had sculpted a Equestrian Monument to Ferdinando I Crucifix and six bronze relief carvings with scenes of the Passion of Christ. Bust of a Man (or The Athlete) 1560 ca., terracotta. 1608, completed by Pietro Tacca.

Kneeling Venus 1560 ca., terracotta. 104 Discovery luca giordano g

 FLORENCE

CORRIDOIO VASARIANO GALLERIA PALATINA CHIESA DI SANTA MARIA Via della Ninna, 5 PALAZZO PITTI MADDALENA DE’ PAZZI www.uffizi.it Piazza de’ Pitti, 1 Borgo Pinti, 58

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY www.polomuseale.firenze.it www.smmdepazzi.it *Self-portrait 1665-1670 ca., oil on canvas. The Immaculate Conception The Pazzi Mystic Marriage of Charity 1687-1689, oil on canvas. St. Mary Magdalene 1666, oil on canvas. Adoration of the Magi 1685, oil on canvas. Abduction of Deianira 1686-1687, oil on canvas. The Virgin presenting the Child 1682 ca., oil on canvas. Allegory of Medicean Good Jesus to St. Mary Magdalene g Government de’ Pazzi CHIESA DI SANTA MARIA 1688, oil on canvas, inserted in the 1685, oil on canvas. DEL CARMINE ceiling, Appartamenti Reali.. Piazza del Carmine Flight into Egypt MUSEO STIBBERT www.diocesifirenze.it 1682, oil on canvas. via Federigo Stibbert, 26 luca giordano www.museostibbert.it (naples, 1634 – 1705) *Assumption of St. Andrea Corsini 1682, fresco, Cupola della Cappella PAINTER via Ginori, 10 Lot and his Daughters Corsini. 1686, oil on canvas. www.riccardiana.firenze.sbn.it

The artist’s first master in Naples was Ribera, whose influence appears in his Susanna and the Elders MUSEO STEFANO BARDINI * Wisdom Illuminating the Arts 1686, oil on canvas. early paintings as a pronounced chiaroscuro and a naturalism deriving from via dei Renai, 37 and Sciences Caravaggio. In Rome, while only a little over twenty, he was nicknamed Luca www.museicivicifiorentini.comune.fi.it 1685, fresco. Fapresto (Luca the Quick) for his rapidity at copying the great 16th-century  MONTELUPO masters, including Raphael and the Venetians, while among his contempora– Apollo Flaying Marsyas 1678 ca., oil on canvas. MUSEO DI CASA MARTELLI FIORENTINO (FI) ries he drew inspiration from Pietro da Cortona. via Ferdinando Zannetti, 8 The artist worked in Bologna, Parma and Venice and sojourned frequently in www.bargellomusei.beniculturali.it CHIESA DEI SANTI QUIRICO Florence, commissioned by important clients. His modern style and innovative E GIULITTA via Cavour, 3 Brutus Swears an Oath against compositions were fundamental to the development of Baroque in the city. He Piazza Don A. Salatori, 22 www.palazzo-medici.it the Tarquins for the Death of

spent a decade in (1692-1702) and worked in his own city during the last Lucretia St. Francis Receiving the Stigmata **Allegory of the Medici Family years of his life. His artistic production includes numerous etchings. 1685-1686, oil on canvas. 1687-89, oil on canvas. 1682-1685, frescoes. The tenderness of expression and airy quality of Giordano’s works mark the Allegories of the Four Seasons transition from Baroque to Rococo. oil on canvas.

106 Discovery luca g giordano

 CERRETO GUIDI (FI)

VILLA MEDICEA NUSEO DELLA CACCIA E DEL TERRITORIO Via Ponti Medicei, 12 www.museodellacaccia.it

Triumph of Galatea (of Thetis; of Amphitrite, with assistants) 1680-1685, oil on canvas.

 LUCCA

MUSEO NAZIONALE DI PALAZZO MANSI Via Galli Tassi, 43 www.luccamuseinazionali.it

St. Sebastian Bound 1655-1665, oil on canvas.

 SIENA

MUSEO DELL’OPERA DEL DUOMO Piazza del Duomo, 8 www.operaduomo.siena.it

Deposition from the Cross 1685-1686, oil on canvas. Christ before Pilate 1685-1686, oil on canvas.

MUSEO CIVICO Il Campo, 1 www.comune.siena.it

The Judgement of Solomon 1680 ca., oil on canvas.

Discovery giotto di bondone g

 FLORENCE CATTEDRALE DI MUSEO HORNE S. MARIA DEL FIORE via de’ Benci, 6 CHIESA DI OGNISSANTI Piazza del Duomo www.museohorne.it.

Borgo Ognissanti, 42 www.ilgrandemuseodelduomo.it ** St. Stephen ** Bell Tower 1330-1305, tempera on wood.

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY * Painted Crucifix (attributed)

1315 ca., tempera on wood. 1334-1337, base.

 VICCHIO DI MUGELLO (FI) BASILICA DI S. MARIA NOVELLA BASILICA DI SANTA CROCE piazza Santa Croce 16 Piazza Santa Maria Novella, 18 LOC. VESPIGNANO www.smn.it www.santacroceopera.it

House of Giotto g ** Painted Crucifix * The Grieving Madonna Giotto di Bondone 1290-1295 ca., tempera on wood. 1311-1315 ca., fragment of fresco. (Colle di vespignano, 1267 – Florence, 1337) ** Stories of St. John the Baptist  BORGO S. LORENZO (FI) PAINTER CRIPTA S. REPARATA and St. John the Evangelist Piazza del Duomo 9 1318, dry painting on wall, Cappella PIEVE DI S. LORENZO www.ilgrandemuseodelduomo.it Peruzzi. Via Cocchi Giotto turned away from the abstract, immaterial rendering of subjects typi- ** Life of St. Francis cal of medieval art in favour of a naturalistic depiction of persons and objects, * Tomb of Giotto 1325 ca., fresco, Cappella Bardi. * Virgin and Child (fragment.) returning to the volumetric representation of space and figures that had been 1290 ca., tempera on wood. ** Baroncelli Polyptych abandoned at the end of Antiquity. MUSEO DIOCESANO 1328, tempera on wood, Cappella The pupil of Cimabue, he took from his master a naturalistic vein still in the DI S. STEFANO AL PONTE Baroncelli.  CASTELFIORENTINO (FI) early stage and a soft, diffused chiaroscuro. Giotto’s works in Tuscany reflect Piazza di S. Stefano, 5 all of his innovative power, from the firm solidity of his earliest paintings www.piccoligrandimusei.it MUSEO NAZIONALE DEL BARGELLO MUSEO DI S. VERDIANA

to the delicate chiaroscuro of his maturity, the fruit of achievements made via del Proconsolo 4 **Madonna of S. Giorgio alla Costa ** Virgin and Child elsewhere as well, as in the frescoes of the upper Basilica (1282-1292) and the www.bargellomusei.beniculturali.it 1295 ca., tempera on wood. 1283-1285, tempera on wood lower one (1306-1311) of Assisi, and the Scrovegni Chapel in Padua (1303-1305). * Cappella del Podestà (only the Child is by Giotto). From 1334 to 1337, having been appointed master builder of the Cathedral of S. GALLERIA DEGLI UFFIZI 1334-1337, frescoes, assistants. Maria del Fiore, he designed and built the base of its Bell Tower. He died in 1337 Piazzale degli Uffizi, 6  and was buried in S. Reparata, the old cathedral of Florence. www.uffizi.it GALLERIA DELL’ACCADEMIA SIENA via Ricasoli 58/60 MUSEO DELL’OPERA ** The Badia Polyptych www.galleriaaccademiafirenze. METROPOLITANA DEL DUOMO 1300-1301, tempera on wood. beniculturali.it. ** The Ognissanti Madonna Piazza del Duomo, 8 1306-1307, tempera on wood. www.operaduomo.siena.it * Shepherd’s head 1315-1325, fragment of fresco. ** Giotto’s Bell Tower ante 1337, drawing. 110 Discovery benozzo gozzoli g

 FLORENCE  SAN GIMIGNANO (SI)  CERTALDO (FI)

PALAZZO MEDICI RICCARDI CHIESA DI SANT’AGOSTINO PALAZZO PRETORIO Via Cavour, 3 Piazzetta del Vicariato, 4

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY palazzo-medici.it ** Episodes from the Life of St. Augustine * St. Thomas the Apostle (attr.) ** Procession of the Magi, Caspar, 1464-1465, Cappella Maggiore fresco, Cappella. Melchior and Balthazar with the assistance of pupils.

1459-1462, Cappella dei Magi. EX CHIESA DI SAN TOMMASO benozzo gozzoli * Agnus Dei COLLEGIATA E PROSPERO (florence, 1420-1421 – pistoia, 1497) fresco above the door to the chapel, Via XX settembre, 6 g inside the palazzo; the architecture * St. Sebastian PAINTER of the chapel is by Michelozzo, while 1464, fresco. ** Tabernacle of the Condemned the altarpiece was painted by Filippo transferred here from another Lippi, replaced by a copy by the Pseudo location and restored. Benozzo di Lese, called Benozzo Gozzoli for the first time by Vasari in the sec- MUSEO D’ARTE SACRA Pierfrancesco Fiorentino. ond edition of the Lives (1568), was one of the fifteenth century’s outstand- Piazza Pecori

ing artists. He painted one of the most amazing frescoed cycles of his day in * Crucifixion and Saints  VOLTERRA (PI) Palazzo Medici in Florence. Born at Badia a Settimo, he moved to the nearby MUSEO HORNE Via de’ Benci, 6 detached fresco. DUOMO DI SANTA MARIA Florence in 1427. A pupil of Fra Angelico at San Marco, he participated in the www.museohorne.it decoration of some of the cells. He also collaborated with Ghiberti on the Door DELL’ASSUNTA MUSEO CIVICO Piazza San Giovanni of Paradise in the years 1444-1447 before following Fra Angelico to Rome, * Deposition from the Cross Piazza del Duomo where he worked in the Vatican for two popes, Eugenius IV and then Nicho- 1495-1497 ca., oil on canvas. * Landscape with the Procession Maestà by Lippo Memmi las V, for whom he decorated the Cappella Niccolina. Gozzoli also followed Fra of the Magi 1466, fresco restored and repainted fresco, Cappella della Vergine, against Angelico to the chapel of San Brizio in the , then went to  by Benozzo Gozzoli. CASTELFIORENTINO (FI) the background of the Nativity, Montefalco in (1450-1452) to fresco the Stories of St. Francis, which * Virgin of Humility and Saints made him so famous that he was summoned by Piero de’ Medici to decorate his MUSEO BEGO painted terracotta attributed to predella, 1466. Andrea della Robbia. Chapel with the entrancing Procession of the Magi in the palazzo in Via Larga Via Tilli, 41 * Virgin and Child with Four Saints displaying the famous portraits, both idealised and realistic, of Cosimo, Piero, www.museobenozzogozzoli.it 1466.

Lorenzo, Giuliano, other members of the Medici family, Pope Pius II, Galeazzo ** Tabernacle of the Madonna Maria Sforza, Sigismondo Pandolfo Malatesta, Florentine notables and his della Tosse own self-portrait. The refined elegance of the paintings in this little Floren- 1484. tine treasure chest was echoed again in the church of Sant’Agostino in San ** Tabernacle of the Visitation Gimignano and the tabernacles of the Val d’Elsa. Gozzoli moved last to Pisa, 1490-1491, detached frescoes, where he painted many altarpieces and completed the frescoes in the Cam- restored and then reconstructed.

posanto, unfortunately nearly destroyed by bombing during World War II. He 112 died of the plague in Pistoia and was buried in San Domenico. Discovery benozzo g gozzoli

 PISA

CAMPOSANTO

** Stories from the Old and the New Testament 1468-1484, fresco.

MUSEO DELLE SINOPIE Piazza Duomo, 17 opapisa.it

*Sinopites of the frescoes in the Camposanto.

 PISTOIA

CHIESA DI SAN DOMENICO Corso Pio Fedi

* Procession of the Magi detached frescoes, Sagrestia, attributed to the assistants of Benozzo Gozzoli. The artist’s burial place, Cloister.

114 Discovery jacopo della quercia j

 LUCCA  SIENA  SAN GIMIGNANO (SI)

CATTEDRALE DI SAN MARTINO PIAZZA DEL CAMPO COLLEGIATA DI SANTA MARIA Piazza Antelminelli ASSUNTA www.museocattedralelucca.it ** Relief carvings for the Fonte Piazza Duomo, 2

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY Gaia www.duomosangimignano.it ** Funerary Monument to Ilaria 1419, marble: the originals are in Del Carretto Palazzo Pubblico. * Annunciation 1407, marble. 1421, polychrome wood.

BAPTISTERY CHIESA DI SAN FREDIANO Piazza San Giovanni  jacopo della quercia Piazza San Frediano FLORENCE j (Siena, 1374 ca. – 1438) Baptismal Font **Trenta Polyptych 1416-1434, marble, bronze, enamel BASILICA DI SANTA MARIA SCULPTOR 1422, marble. and polychrome intarsia. DEL FIORE * Tombstone of the Trenta family Annunciation to Zacharias Piazza del Duomo The son of a Lucca goldsmith, the artist is named for his birthplace, Borgo della marble. 1429, bronze. * Porta della Mandorla Quercia Grossa, near Siena. In 1401 he participated in the competition for the Tabernacle marble, collaboration. doors of the Florentine Baptistery with a now lost formella. He sculpted the MUSEO NAZIONALE DI VILLA 1428-1439, marble and bronze. Funerary Monument of Ilaria Del Carretto in Lucca and the Madonna of the St. John the Baptist GUINIGI MUSEO DELL’OPERA DEL DUOMO Pomegranate for the Cathedral. Via della Quarquonia 1425-1427, bronze. Piazza del Duomo, 9 A restless spirit, he was often delayed, provoking conflict with his clients and www.luccamuseinazionali.it www.ilgrandemuseodelduomo.it some cancelled commissions. This was the case of the in Siena, the MUSEO DELL’OPERA DEL DUOMO St. Ansanus Piazza del Duomo, 8 Annunciation Lastre of the Trenta family’s San Frediano polyptych in Lucca, and the Twelve 1406-1413, terracotta. www.operaduomo.siena.it early 15th century, marble (now Apostles for the Lucca Cathedral, only one of which was finished. In Siena he attributed to Giovanni d’Ambrogio). sculpted the relief of the Annunciation to Zacharias and the Prophets for the Madonna of San Martino Baptismal font. An Annunciation at the Museo dell’Opera del Duomo in Flor-  MASSA 1419-1425, polychrome and gilt wood. ence is attributed to him, and he likely collaborated on the Florentine Cathe-  MUSEO DIOCESANO ANGHIARI (AR) dral’s Porta della Mandorla. Via Alberica, 26 PINACOTECA NAZIONALE Stimulated by Lucca’s cultural sphere and open to French and Nordic sculp- Via San Pietro, 29 MUSEO DI PALAZZO TAGLIESCHI St. Leonard www.pinacotecanazionale.siena.it Piazza Goffredo Mameli ture, he was influenced by the works of Nicola and Giovanni Pisano as well as 1416 ca., polychrome wood. by Florentine art, effecting a perfect synthesis between the Gothic and the * Annunciation * Annunciazione Classical. Although he had no valid followers in Siena or Lucca, but only me- marble. polychrome wood.

diocre imitators, his sculpture did exert some influence on Michelangelo. He is buried in Siena, in Sant’Agostino.

116 Discovery leonardo da vinci l

 FLORENCE

GALLERIA DEGLI UFFIZI BIBLIOTECA LEONARDIANA Piazzale degli Uffizi, 6 Piazza dei Giudici, 1 Via Giorgio La Pira, 1 www.uffizi.it www.museogalileo.it www.bibliotecaleonardiana.it

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY leonardo da vinci ** Annunciation Replicas of models of Leonardo’s Facsimiles of all of Leonardo’s (vinci, 1452 – amboise, 1519) 1472 ca. projects manuscripts

PAINTER, ENGINEER, SCIENTIST, WRITER, POET * Baptism of Christ 1473 ca., con Andrea Verrocchio. MUSEO LEONARDO DA VINCI * BIRTHPLACE OF LEONARDO Leonardo, the natural son of the notary Ser Piero di Antonio and a woman call– ** Adoration of the Magi Via de’ Servi, 66/68r (presumed) (unfinished) 1481. ed Caterina, painted his first works in Verrocchio’s Florentine atelier, where he www.mostredileonardo.com Via di Anchiano l trained as artist. In 1482 he left Florence for Milan, to find in Ludovico Sforza a MUSEO DELL’OPERA DEL DUOMO Replicas of models of Leonardo’s patron interested not only in his work as artist, but also in his engineering and Piazza del Duomo, 9 projects  AREZZO

scientific expertise. In 1499, after the expulsion of the Sforza family, Leonardo www.ilgrandemuseodelduomo.it sojourned in Mantua, Venice, some cities in Romagna, and Urbino. MUSEO LEONARDO DA VINCI PONTE A BURIANO From 1502 to 1505 he was at working as military engineer to Cesare Preaching of John the Baptist Via Cavour, 21 Locality Ponte a Buriano-Cincelli, strada Borgia, reinforcing fortifications and directing land reclamation projects. In assistance to Giovanni Battista Rustici www.museoleonardodavincifirenze.com provinciale dei Sette Ponti in designing. 1503 Leonardo returned to Florence, where he painted the famous portrait of Replicas of models of Leonardo’s Depicted in the background of the Mona Lisa Gherardini, known as La Gioconda. He also worked on the Battle of projects Portrait of Mona Lisa Gherardini Anghiari in Palazzo della Signoria, painting with an experimental technique (Paris, Louvre) Via del Proconsolo based on the encaustic method that proved a failure. From 1508 he returned Tomb of the Da Vinci family  to Milan several times; in 1513 he was in Rome at the service of Giuliano de’ Me- VINCI (FI)  dici Duke of Nemours, and in 1516 he went to France at the invitation of King Leonardo is however buried at PIOMBINO (LI) Francis I, where he died after having served as ‘first painter and engineer and Amboise, in France. MUSEO LEONARDIANO Piazza dei Conti Guidi, 1 Walls designed by Leonardo architect to the King’. PIAZZALE DEGLI UFFIZI www.museoleonardiano.it around the Appiani citadel Driven by a burning interest in nature, Leonardo began very early to study ana- Via Leonardo da Vinci tomy, botany, zoology, geology, mechanical and hydraulic physics, recording Statue of Leonardo da Vinci ** Models of Leonardo’s his observations in splendid drawings accompanied by comments abounding by , 1842, marble. inventions

in scientific intuition. His creative energy found expression not only in the figurative arts but also in the design of machines and devices with many MUSEO DELLA SPECOLA CHIESA DI SANTA CROCE applications: military and civil engineering projects, geared mechanisms for via Romana, 17 via Giorgio La Pira, 9 www.msn.unifi.it transmitting motion, and even the visionary concept of a flying machine. In Site of the church where Leonardo was painting, he perfected the technique of sfumato, managed to represent the Leonardo before Ludovico il Moro baptised on 16 April 1452.

density of the air in landscapes, and depicted plant and animal forms with su- by Nicola Cianfanelli, 1841, lunette.

118 perb acuity, going so far as to express the motions of the human soul. Discovery filippo lippi l

 FLORENCE PALAZZO MEDICI RICCARDI ** Evangelists, Stories of via Cavour, 3 St. Stephen and St. John the CONVENTO DI S. MARIA DEL www.palazzo-medici.it Baptist, St. Giovanni Gualberto,

CARMINE St. Albert of Trapani Virgin and Child (recto), St. Jerome piazza del Carmine 1452-1465, frescoes. and other studies (verso) GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY Confirmation of the Rule 1452 ca., tempera (r) and charcoal (v).

1431, fresco. MUSEO CIVICO Piazza del Comune GALLERIA PALATINA www.palazzopretorio.prato.it GALLERIE DEGLI UFFIZI PALAZZO PITTI Piazzale degli Uffizi, 6 - www.uffizi.it Piazza de’ Pitti, 1 Madonna del Ceppo www.polomuseale.firenze.it 1453, tempera on wood, with assistants. l Filippo lippi San Frediano deviates the course (Florence, 1406 ca. – , 1469) ** Virgin and Child Nativity of the Serchio; Annunciation of 1456, tempera on wood, with Fra 1453, tempera on wood. PAINTER the death of the Virgin and arrival Diamante, Domenico di Zanobi. of the Apostles; Apparition of the Consigning the Girdle to St. Of humble origin – a plaque marks his birthplace in Via dell’Ardiglione no. 30 Holy Trinity to St. Augustine  EMPOLI (FI) Thomas, with St. Margaret, St. – the orphaned Filippo became a monk at Santa Maria del Carmine in Florence 1437, tempera on wood, predella of the Gregory the Great, St. Augustine, Barbadori Altarpiece. in 1421. In that monastery we find his first known work, showing the revolu- MUSEO DELLA COLLEGIATA the Archangel Raphael and Tobias Coronation of the Virgin tionary influence of Masaccio. In 1434, after a year spent in Padua, the artist DI S. ANDREA 1456-1465, tempera on wood, (The Maringhi Coronation) Piazza della Propositura, 3 returned to Florence, where he painted for wealthy clients such as the Medici, with Fra Diamante. 1439-1447, tempera on wood. Annunciation with St. Julian the the Martelli, and the Bartolini families. Madonna Enthroned with Virgin and Child with St. Francis, Hospitaller From 1452 to 1465 he painted a cycle of frescoes with Stories of St. Stephen St. Cosmas, St. Damian, and St. Angels and Saints 1460 ca., tempera on wood, and St. John the Baptist in the apse of the Cathedral of Prato, the city where in or before 1431, tempera on wood. Anthony of Padua cwith Fra Diamante. he met the nun Lucrezia Buti, with whom he had a son – Filippino – who also 1445, tempera on wood. became a painter. Filippo died in Spoleto where he had moved in 1467. Not only Adoration of the Christ Child  PRATO MUSEO DELL’OPERA DEL DUOMO his son but also Botticelli and others drew inspiration from his flowing lines (The Annalena Adoration) Piazza Duomo, 49

and attentive observation of faces, often real portraits of his contemporaries. 1455, tempera on wood. GALLERIA DI PALAZZO DEGLI Funeral of St. Jerome Adoration of the Christ Child ALBERTI 1463-1465, tempera on wood. 1455, tempera on wood, with assistants. Via degli Alberti, 2 * Virgin and Child with Angels 1465, tempera on wood. Virgin and Child CHIESA DELLO SPIRITO SANTO 1434-1437, tempera on wood. via G. Silvestri, 21

CHIESA DI SAN LORENZO Presentation of Jesus in the Temple piazza San Lorenzo CATTEDRALE DI S. STEFANO 1467, tempera on wood, Piazza del Duomo * Annunciation with Fra Diamante.

120 1440 ca., tempera on wood.

Discovery filippino lippi l

 FLORENCE

CHIESA DI SANTA MARIA DEL GALLERIA DEGLI UFFIZI ENTE CASSA DI RISPARMIO CARMINE Piazzale degli Uffizi, 6 DI FLORENCE Piazza del Carmine www.uffizi.it via Bufalini, 6

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY **Frescoed scenes left unfinished ** Adoration of the Magi ** Virgin and Child with Angels, by Masaccio in the lower register 1482-1496, tempera on wood. known as the Corsini Tondo 1480-1485, Cappella Brancacci. ** Virgin and Child with Saints, 1485 ca., tempera on wood. known as the Otto Altarpiece BASILICA DI SANTO SPIRITO 1486, tempera on wood. MUSEO HORNE Filippino lippi Piazza Santo Spirito * Self-portrait of Filippino Lippi via de’ Benci, 6 l (Prato, 1457 – Florence, 1504) www.basilicasantospirito.it 17th-century Tuscan artist, fresco on www.museohorne.it tile, inspired by the self-portrait in the PAINTER ** Virgin and Child, the Infant . * Queen Vashti Leaving the Royal St. John, Saints and the Clients * St. Jerome Palace Son of the Carmelite monk Filippo Lippi and the nun from Prato, Lucrezia Buti, 1498 ca., tempera on wood, 1493-1495 ca., tempera on wood. 1475-1480, tempera on wood. Cappella Nerli. Drawings in pen, ink, white lead and Crucifixion Filippino was a real ‘gift of God’ whose brilliant career won him universal fame. He lived in Prato as a boy while his father was engaged in decorating the Cap- metal point in the Uffizi’s Gabinetto 1500 ca., tempera on canvas.. Disegni e Stampe. pella Maggiore of the Cathedral, then followed him in 1467 to the worksite of GALLERIA PALATINA PALAZZO PITTI the Spoleto Cathedral, where Filippo went with Fra Diamante, his faithful col- Piazza de’ Pitti, 1 CHIESA DI S. MARIA NOVELLA  PRATO laborator. www.polomuseale.firenze.it Piazza S. Maria Novella In 1472, returning to Florence at the death of his father, Filippino entered www.smn.it MUSEO CIVICO the workshop of Sandro Botticelli, who had been the finest artist among Fra * Story of Lucretia Palazzo Pretorio 1478-1480 ca., tempera on wood. ** Stories of the Apostles Piazza del Comune Filippo’s pupils, assimilating his style so fully that many of his works were at- St. Philip and St. John, and on the www.palazzopretorio.prato.it tributed by Berenson to a painter called ‘Friend of Sandro’. Filippino enrolled in the Company of St. Luke and then in the Company of St. Paul. In around 1482, GALLERIA DELL’ACCADEMIA ceiling four Patriarchs ** Tabernacle, known as the via Ricasoli, 58/60 1487 ca.-1502, fresco, Cappella di Mercatale Tabernacle as an active, versatile interpreter of refined Neoplatonic concepts at Lorenzo’s www.galleriaaccademiafirenze. Filippo Strozzi. 1498, detached fresco. court, he completed the Stories of St. Peter in the Brancacci Chapel at the Car- beniculturali.it mine in homage to Masaccio, leaving his own self-portrait. ** Virgin and Child with * St. Mary Magdalene and CHIESA DELLA BADIA St. Stephen and St. John the His works possess ‘variety, emotion, inventive pleasure and boundless imagi- via del Proconsolo nation’. In Rome he worked on the Carafa Chapel in Santa Maria Sopra Minerva, St. John the Baptist Baptist 1503, tempera on wood. in Bologna on the church of San Domenico, in Florence on the Strozzi Chapel 1498-1500, tempera on wood. ** Vision of St. San Bernard with ** Deposition of Christ from the at Santa Maria Novella, and in Prato. He died in his city and was buried in San the Virgin and Angels Cross 1484-1485, tempera on wood. Michele Visdomini, near the Cathedral. 1503-1504, completed by Perugino.

122 Discovery filippino l lippi

 POGGIO A CAIANO (PO)

VILLA MEDICEA Piazza dei Medici, 14 www.prolocopoggioacaiano.it

Fragments of decoration 1492-1493, fresco, Loggia on the facade.

 SAN GIMIGNANO (SI)

PINACOTECA DEI MUSEI CIVICI Palazzo Comunale Piazza Duomo www.sangimignanomusei.it

** Annunciation 1483-1484, two tondos, tempera on wood.

 LUCCA

CHIESA DI SAN MICHELE IN FORO Piazza San Michele

* Altarpiece with St. Helen, St. Jerome, St. Sebastian and St. Roch 1482 ca.

124 Discovery ambrogio lorenzetti l

 SIENA  CHIUSDINO (SI) PINACOTECA NAZIONALE DI SIENA CHIESA DI S. AGOSTINO Via di s. Pietro, 29 Prato di S. Agostino CAPPELLA DI S. GALGANO www.pinacotecanazionale.siena.it A MONTESIEPI

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY ** Maestà Strada comunale di S. Galgano ** Annunciation 1337-1338, fresco. 1344, tempera on wood. Maestà 1334-1336, fresco. * Allegory of Redemption CHIESA DI S. PIETRO ALLE SCALE 1340-1347. Via di S. Pietro * Crucifix of the Church of the  Carmine * Virgin and Child ASCIANO (SI) l tempera on wood. 1340-1345, tempera on wood. MUSEO D’ARTE SACRA ** The Small Maestà Corso G. Matteotti, 122 1340 ca., tempera on wood. MUSEO CIVICO PALAZZO www.ascianoturismo.it ** S. Petronilla Polyptych PUBBLICO ambrogio lorenzetti 1340 ca., tempera on wood. Piazza del Campo, 1 ** Altarpiece with Virgin and (siena, 1290 ca. – 1348) * Virgin and Child www.comune.siena.it Child, the Archangel St. Michael

1340 ca., tempera on wood. and Saints ** St. Catherine of Alexandria, PAINTER 1330-1335 ca., tempera on wood. St. John the Evangelist, St. Augus- OPERA DELLA METROPOLITANA tine and a Worshipper Lorenzetti worked in Assisi in close contact with Giotto and his school. The Piazza del Duomo, 8 detached fresco. first certain information on him is from 1319, the date appearing on the dedi- www.operaduomo.siena.it  FLORENCE cation beneath the Virgin and Child coming from the church of S. Angelo at ** Allegories of Good and Bad Government and their Effects on Vico l’Abate, now at the Museo d’Arte Sacra in S. Casciano Val di Pesa. Four panels from a dismembered GALLERIA DEGLI UFFIZI the City and Country Piazzale degli Uffizi, 6 He worked in Massa Marittima, Siena and Florence, where he stayed from polyptych tempera on wood. frescoes, 1338-1339. www.uffizi.it 1328 to 1330 before returning to Siena. Here, after the departure of Simone Martini prior to 1336, Lorenzetti became the city’s official artist. He painted * St. Proculus Triptych CHIESA DI S. FRANCESCO ORATORIO DI S. BERNARDINO 1332, tempera on wood. a Presentation in the Temple for the Cathedral, now at the Uffizi, while in the Piazza di S. Francesco Piazza di S. Francesco ** Four panels with stories of church of S. Agostino in Siena he frescoed Stories of the Creed, Stories of St. www.operaduomo.siena.it Catherine of Alexandria and a Crucifixion. Dating from that period – from ** Martyrdom of the Franciscans St. Nicholas of 1332 ca., tempera on wood. February to April, 1338 – is the first payment for his most famous work: the and Dismissal of St. Louis of * Madonna del latte Toulouse tempera on wood. ** Presentation in the Temple cycle of the Allegories and Effects of Good and Bad Government, in the Sala 1336-1340 ca.,detached frescoes, 1332 ca., tempera on wood, from the della Pace in Siena’s Palazzo Pubblico, which he signed ‘Ambrosius Laurentii Siena Cathedral. left transept. de Senis hic pinxit Utrinque’.

126 Discovery ambrogio l lorenzetti

 S. CASCIANO  MONTENERO VAL DI PESA (FI) D’ORCIA (GR)

MUSEO DI ARTE SACRA PIEVE DI SANTA LUCIA via Lucardesi presso Castel del Piano www.piccoligrandimusei.it * Painted Cross (attr.) ** Madonna of Vico l’Abate 1335, tempera on wood. 1319, tempera on wood.

 ROCCALBEGNA (GR)  MASSA MARITTIMA (GR) PIEVE DEI SS. PIETRO E PAOLO CATTEDRALE DI S. CERBONE Via Ortacci, 17 www.diocesimassamarittima.it ** The Roccalbegna Triptych ** Maestà 1340 ca.

1335 ca. ,tempera on wood.

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 FLORENCE  SIENA

GALLERIA DEGLI UFFIZI MUSEO DELL’OPERA BASILICA DI S. MARIA DEI SERVI Piazzale degli Uffizi, 6 METROPOLITANA DEL DUOMO Piazza Alessandro Manzoni, 5 www.uffizi.it Piazza del Duomo, 8

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY www.operaduomo.siena.it ** Massacre of the Innocents ** Madonna and Child Enthroned 1330-1340, fresco. with Angels ** Nativity of the Virgin 1340, tempera and gold on wood. 1342, tempera and gold on wood.

Altarpiece of the Blessed Humility  PIENZA (SI) 1340 ca., tempera on wood. PINACOTECA NAZIONALE DI SIENA Via di S. Pietro, 29 MUSEO DIOCESANO Palazzo Borgia l www.pinacotecanazionale.siena.it MUSEO HORNE Corso Il Rossellino, 30 via dei Benci, 6 ** The Carmine Altarpiece www.palazzoborgia.it www.museohorne.it 1327-1329, tempera and gold on wood. ** Virgin and Child, known as the * St. Leonard, St. Catherine of ** Virgin and Child 1330-1340, tempera and gold on wood. Virgin and Child Alexandria and St. Margaret 1315, tempera and gold on wood. 1315 ca., tempera on wood. Allegory of Redemption pietro lorenzetti tempera and gold on wood. (Siena, 1280 ca. – 1348) Resurrection of the Saviour  AREZZO fresco. PAINTER PIEVE DI SANTA MARIA ORATORIO DI SAN BERNARDINO Documented from 1306 to 1345, the elder brother of Ambrogio, with whom he Corso Italia, 7 Piazza San Francesco collaborated, represents the monumental, dramatic side of Sienese paint- www.operaduomo.siena.it ** The Pieve di Arezzo Polyptych ing. Pietro worked in close contact with Duccio and was active in Assisi, fres- 1320, tempera and gold on wood. coing some parts of the Lower Basilica, and in Cortona. In Arezzo he painted * The Risen Christ 1320-1330, detached fresco. the polyptych for the Pieve di Santa Maria, marking his full affirmation as painter. Work on the enormous altarpiece for the church of the Carmine in  CORTONA (AR) Siena, signed and dated, was started around 1326. Dating from 1335 are the BASILICA DI SAN FRANCESCO MUSEO DIOCESANO Piazza San Francesco lost frescoes painted in collaboration with his brother for the hospital of S. Piazza del Duomo, 1 Maria della Scala, and from 1340 the Virgin and Child Enthroned with Angels www.diocesiarezzo.it Crucifixion painted for the Franciscans of Pistoia, and the Altarpiece of Blessed Humility 1334 ca., detached fresco, in a chapel for the Valombrosan convent of the Donne di Faenza in Florence. A little later, Virgin and Child in the transept. 1315 ca., tempera on wood. Pietro developed his vein of keenly observant narrator in that masterpiece of daily life, the triptych of the Nativity of Mary at the Opera del Duomo of 130 Siena, the city where he died of the plague in 1348. Discovery marino marini m

 PISTOIA  FLORENCE

MUSEO FONDAZIONE MARINO MUSEO MARINO MARINI GALLERIA DEGLI UFFIZI MARINI Piazza San Pancrazio Piazzale degli Uffizi, 6

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY Corso Silvano Fedi, 30 www.museomarinomarini.it www.uffizi.it www.fondazionemarinomarini.it * Gentleman on Horseback * Pomona * Young Girl 1937, polychrome plaster. bronze, entrance hall on the ground 1938, bronze. ** Horse floor.

** Pomona 1939, bronze. marino marini 1941-1946, bronze e plaster. Horseman m * Horse 1949, bronze. (pistoia, 1901 – forte dei marmi, 1980) 1942, bronze. ** Portrait of Igor Stravinsky SCULPTOR, PAINTER 1950, bronze. PALAZZO DEL COMUNE * Miracle One of the leading Italian twentieth-century artists, Marini studied painting Piazza del Duomo 1952, bronze. and engraving at the Academy of Fine Arts in Florence. Of himself he said, ‘I * Great Horseman have always needed to paint and I never begin a sculpture before having inves- ** Miracle 1953,polychrome plaster. 1952-1953, bronze. tigated its essence in painting’. * Composition for Equestrian A pupil of Galileo Chini and Domenico Trentacoste, Marini travelled abroad and Monument 1957-1958, bronze. was assigned the chair of sculpture at after Arturo Martini. He taught at the Accademia di Brera and in 1938 married Mercedes Pedrazzini; to escape the war, they moved to Switzerland, where the artist met members of the avant-garde movements of the time. In 1954, the artist and his wife built Villa Germinaia at Forte dei Marmi, where they hosted such guests as Pablo Neruda and Henry Miller. Marini’s successful exhibitions in Europe and the United States were numer- ous, as were the honours he received. Ever present in his art are Etruscan and archaic culture, Mediterranean and Tuscan art, because Tuscany ‘is the ar- chitecture of ourselves’, always possessing ‘an absolute precision, which is that of the soul’. His favourite subjects were horses and riders, dancers and acrobats, Pomona, heavy with the fecund physicality of woman, portraits, jugglers, and passion. Of the horrors of war, he wrote on the base of his mon- ument to the Hague from 1959: ‘We built, we destroyed, and a desolate song hung over the world’. 132 Discovery simone martini m

 PISA  SAN GIMIGNANO (SI)

MUSEO NAZIONALE DI CHIESA DI SAN LORENZO SAN MATTEO IN PONTE Piazza San Matteo in Soarta, 1 Via S. Stefano, 8

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY www.sbappsae-pi.beniculturali.it * Head of the Virgin ** Polyptych of St. Catherine 1310 ca., fragment of fresco. of Alexandria 1319-1320 ca., tempera on wood.  SIENA m  FLORENCE PINACOTECA NAZIONALE Via di San Pietro, 29 GALLERIA DEGLI UFFIZI www.pinacotecanazionale.siena.it Piazzale degli Uffizi, 6 www.uffizi.it ** Virgin and Child no. 538 simone martini 1305 ca., tempera on wood. (Siena, 1284 – avignone, 1344) ** Annunciation with St. Ansanus ** Madonna dei Raccomandati and St. Margaret 1305-1310 ca., tempera on wood. PAINTER 1333 ca., tempera on wood. ** Painted Cross 1310 ca., tempera on wood. A pupil of Duccio di Buoninsegna, Martini developed his Gothic elegance to MUSEO HORNE ** Polyptych of the Blessed the point of attaining a refinement not averse to the charms of the profane, Via de’ Benci, 6 Novellus and four of his miracles in contrast to the 14th-century courtly civilisation partially expressed in his www.museohorne.it 1324-1329, tempera on wood. paintings. The artist developed a pictorial style as precious as gold-work, ** Virgin and Child whose soft gleam was skilfully suggested in the robes and ornaments worn * Crucifixion 1325 ca., tempera on wood. 1316-1320, gold and tempera on wood.. by his figures. One of his masterpieces is the illustration of the frontispiece to the Com- PALAZZO PUBBLICO mentary of Servius belonging to Petrarch, an illuminated page whose choice Piazza del Campo, 1  SAN CASCIANO (FI) of subjects heralds the coming of Humanism. The poet was, moreover, a close ** Maestà friend of the artist. Martini, who interpreted the civic values and political- CHIESA DI SANTA MARIA DEL 1312-15 e 1321, fresco. PRATO ideological stance of the Government of the Nine (the council that controlled ** Guidoriccio da Fogliano the Republic) in the Maestà of Palazzo Pubblico in Siena, also worked in Assisi 1330 ca., fresco. ** Painted Cross and Naples, as well as Avignon. 1321-1322 ca., tempera and gold on wood.

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masaccio  FLORENCE  REGGELLO (FI) (san giovanni valdarno, 1401 – roma, 1428) GALLERIA DEGLI UFFIZI PIEVE DI SAN PIETRO PAINTER Piazzale degli Uffizi, 6 Museo Masaccio d’Arte Sacra

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY www.uffizi.it Via Casaromolo, 2/A www.museomasaccio.it In Florence, Masaccio was the first painter to abandon the Late Gothic el- * Virgin and Child with egance of such masters as and embrace the tenets of the Saint Anne Metterza * San Giovenale Triptych new Renaissance culture, conferring human emotions and corporality to his 1422, tempera on wood, 1422, tempera on wood. figures in the wake of the great example set by Giotto, and creating precise in collaboration with Masolino. Madonna of the Tickle perspective spaces inspired by Brunelleschi’s theories.  m In the San Giovenale Triptych in the Pieve di Cascia near Reggello, and in the 1426, tempera on wood. PISA

Virgin and Child and St. Anne Metterza at the Uffizi, humanistic concepts MUSEO DI SAN MATTEO MUSEO HORNE make an early appearance in the inscriptions, and a firm monumentality al- Piazza San Matteo in Soarta, 1 via de’ Benci, 6 ready emerges. But it is with the frescoes of the Brancacci Chapel in Santa www.sbappsae-pi.beniculturali.it www.museohorne.it Maria del Carmine, begun in 1424, that the artist won lasting fame. While * St. Paul Story of St. Julian Masolino, working on the same decorative project, remains impalpable in his 1426. Late Gothic grace, Masaccio is powerfully expressive and dramatic in the scene 1425-1426.

of the Expulsion of Adam and Eve, their bodies loaded with sin, their faces overwhelmed with despair. Always precise in depicting the architectural vol- CHIESA DI S. MARIA DEL CARMINE umes and scenic backgrounds within which each personage is firmly situated Piazza del Carmine www.museicivicifiorentini.comune.fi.it in space, projecting convincing shadows, his painting becomes solemn in cel- ebrating the holy gestures of Peter baptising the newly converted or working ** Expulsion from the Garden of miracles. In the Tribute, the dignified Roman gravitas of the personages is set Eden and Stories of St. Peter in an airy Tuscan landscape rendered with rigorous perspective. frescoes, in collaboration with The St. Paul in the Museo di San Matteo in Pisa, coming from a dismembered Masolino and completed polytych, is to be considered coeval with the little Madonna of the Tickle in the by Filippino Lippi, Cappella Brancacci. Uffizi. These works are a prelude to that masterpiece of illusionary perspec- BASILICA DI S. MARIA NOVELLA tive and solemn ancient architecture, the Holy Trinity with Mary and St. John, Piazza Santa Maria Novella www.smn.it the famous fresco in the church of Santa Maria Novella, completed by the figures of the donors and with a disquieting skeleton lying on an altar, it too ** Holy Trinity with Mary painted, a reminder of the fugacity of life and a sinister omen for the young and St. John artist. It dates in fact from late 1427, just before Masaccio’s journey to Rome, 1427, fresco. where he was to meet with sudden and tragically early death. 136 Discovery masolino m

 FLORENCE

MUSEO DIOCESANO DI SANTO GALLERIA DEGLI UFFIZI STEFANO AL PONTE Piazzale degli Uffizi, 6

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY Piazza di Santo Stefano, 5 www.uffizi.it www.santostefanoalponte.it * St. Julian ante 1423, tempera on wood. 1423-1424 ca., tempera on wood, Saint Anne Metterza from the Carnesecchi Triptych, with 1424-1425, tempera on wood, Masaccio. with Masaccio. m MUSEO CAPPELLA BRANCACCI Piazza del Carmine, 14  EMPOLI (FI) www.museicivicifiorentini.comune.fi.it Cycle of frescoes in collaboration MUSEO DELLA COLLEGIATA DI masolino with Masaccio SANT’ANDREA (panicale in valdarno [?], 1383 ca. – Florence [?], 1440 ca.) Piazza della Propositura, 3 Pasce oves meas www.inempoli.it

PAINTER 1424, only the sinopite survives. Ceiling with representation of the ** Pietà of Christ 1424, detached fresco. Of Masolino, born Tommaso di Cristoforo Fini, we have no record until 1422, Evangelists when he moved to Florence. In 1423 he enrolled in the Physicians and Pharma- 1424, lost cists Guild. To this period belongs the Madonna of Humility, whose style re- * Temptation of Adam and Eve CHIESA DI SANTO STEFANO flects the International Gothic of Ghiberti and Gherardo Starnina, his former 1424. Via dei Neri Payment of the Tribute www.inempoli.it masters, according to Vasari. Masolino worked at Empoli in 1424, painting a by Masaccio cycle of frescoes in the church of Santo Stefano, but only a few fragments of 1424, the head of Christ seems to be St. Yves and his Pupils it remain today. He collaborated with Masaccio on the Saint Anne Metterza the work of Masolino. 1424, fresco. and on the Brancacci Chapel in the church of the Carmine, where he painted * Preaching of St. Peter Virgin and Child 1424, fresco. the frescoes depicting the Temptation of Adam and Eve and the Stories of 1424. St. Peter in the upper register. Here the distance between the two artists is ** Healing the Lame and clearly apparent: Masaccio’s figures are as rigorously realistic as Masolino’s Resurrection of Tabitha are idealised and refined. Masolino left this work suspended in 1425 when he 1424. was summoned to the Hungarian court by the Italian merchant and condotti- Heads 1424. ero . Returning to Italy in 1427, he worked in Rome and other cities.

138 Discovery michelangelo buonarroti m

freed and made visible by removing the excess material with his chisel. Michelangelo created what is deemed the world’s most famous sculpture: the David, found at the Galleria dell’Accademia along with other works of his.

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY By 1504 he had become so famous that when Agnolo Doni tried to pay less than had been stipulated for a painting, probably the Doni Tondo (the artist’s only known panel painting), Michelangelo reappropriated it, obliging him to pay the double to get it back again. That same year he was commissioned to paint a fresco in the Great Council Hall of Palazzo Vecchio to commemorate the victory of the Florentines in the Battle of , while the adjacent wall had already m been assigned to Leonardo for the Battle of Anghiari. This enterprise was seen by their contemporaries as a duel between the two artists! But Michelangelo only had time to make the cartoons before being summoned to Rome by Pope Julius II. The years 1504 to 1508 were marked by a succession of trips to Rome michelangelo buonarroti and the Carrara marble quarries, of cancelled contracts and works left unfin- (caprese, 1475 – rome, 1564) ished, but this did not prevent him from sculpting the tender Virgin and Child with the Young St. John known as the Pitti Tondo. He went on to fresco the ceil- SCULPTOR, PAINTER, ARCHITECT, POET ing of the Sistine Chapel in , from 1508 to 1512, creating a master- piece of colossal proportions. At the age of twelve Michelangelo, the second son of the Podestà Lionardo di In 1515 he returned to Florence to work on the New Sacristy in San Lorenzo and Buonarroti Simoni and Francesca di Neri di Miniato entered the workshop of on the . But the pope soon called him back to Rome, to paint Domenico Ghirlandaio, a leading artist of the time. He completed his training the Last Judgement. Michelangelo’s last Florentine works were the Medicean at the Garden of San Marco, an academy of young artists sponsored by Loren- tombs of Giuliano Duke of Nemours with the statues of Day and Night, Lorenzo zo the Magnificent. Duke of Urbino with Dusk and Dawn, along with the poignant Virgin and Child Michelangelo’s sculptures – such as the Head of a Faun from 1489 – immedia- for the ossuary of Lorenzo the Magnificent and his brother Giuliano in the New tely struck the eye of the lord of Florence, who took him to live in the palazzo Sacristy. Not only painter and sculptor, Michelangelo was also an architect. In on Via Larga. Although Michelangelo always enjoyed the patronage of noble- 1529 he designed the fortifications of Colle San Miniato and in 1546 he directed men and popes, he remained creatively independent, also through the highly work on St. Peter’s Basilica in the Vatican. The following year he began work innovative practice of sculpting uncommissioned works to be sold, such as the on the Florentine Pietà, perhaps portraying himself in the face of Nicode- Madonna of the Stairs and the Battle of the Centaurs. Said to have had a hot mus; this work, damaged by the artist’s destructive rage, is now in the Museo temper, he once provoked the sculptor Pietro Torrigiano into punching him dell’Opera del Duomo, after having undergone several moves. violently in the face, leaving a permanent mark on his features. When Michelangelo died in Rome in 1564, his corpse was stolen and brought Michelangelo’s sculpture is linked to the marble of Carrara. The artist could back to Florence, to be buried in in Santa Croce. look at a block of a marble and see the figure imprisoned within it, which he 140 Discovery michelangelo m buonarroti

 CAPRESE ** Tomb of Michelangelo CAPPELLE MEDICEE * St. Matthew Buonarroti Piazza Madonna degli Aldobrandini, 6 1505-1506, marble. MICHELANGELO (AR) 1570 ca., sarcophagus and sculptural www.cappellemedicee.it Young Captive group by Giorgio Vasari. 1519-1536, marble. MUSEO MICHELANGIOLESCO New Sacristy in San Lorenzo * Captive Atlas www.capresemichelangelo.net 1521-1534. MUSEO NAZIONALE DEL BARGELLO 1525-1530, marble. via del Proconsolo, 4 Sarcophagus of Lorenzo the Mag– Awakening Captive  FLORENCE www.bargellomusei.beniculturali.it nificent and his brother Giuliano 1525-1530, marble. 1521-1534. Bearded Captive MUSEO DELL'OPERA DEL DUOMO * Bacchus * Virgin and Child 1525-1530, marble. 1496–1497, marble. Piazza del Duomo, 9 1521-1534. www.ilgrandemuseodelduomo.it The Pitti Tondo ** Tomb of Lorenzo Duke of VILLA DI MICHELANGELO 1503-1504, marble. Urbino via Buonarroti Simoni The Bandini Pietà Brutus 1524-1527, with sculptural group Dawn Settignano. 1547, marble. 1538, marble. and Dusk. David-Apollo **Tomb of Giuliano Duke of 1530, marble. Nemours  CARRARA CASA BUONARROTI 1526-1531, with sculptural group Day Via Ghibellina, 70 PALAZZO VECCHIO and Night. MICHELANGELO’S QUARRY www.casabuonarroti.it Piazza della Signoria www.aptmassacarrara.it

Madonna of the Stairs museicivicifiorentini.comune.fi.it BIBLIOTECA LAURENZIANA

1491, marble. Piazza San Lorenzo, 9 * Genius of Victory  *Battle of the Centaurs www.operamedicealaurenziana.org SIENA 1532-1534, marble 1492, marble. Salone dei Cinquecento. * Monumental stairway to the CATTEDRALE DI SANTA River God Library MARIA ASSUNTA 1524, clay and other materials. GALLERIA DEGLI UFFIZI 1558. Piazza Duomo, 8 Virgin and Child Piazzale degli Uffizi, 6 Vestibule of the Library www.operaduomosiena.it 1525, black/red pencil/red paper. www.uffizi.it 1524-1534. Facade of the church of San * St. Paul (attr.) ** The Doni Tondo * Reading room of the Library 1501-1504, marble. Lorenzo 1506-1508, tempera on wood. 1524-1534. 1519, wood St. Peter (attr.) 1501-1504, marble. GALLERIA DELL’ACCADEMIA BASILICA DI SANTO SPIRITO (attr.) BASILICA DI SANTA CROCE Via Ricasoli, 58/60 St. Pio Piazza Santo Spirito, 30 1501-1504, marble. Piazza di Santa Croce, 16 www.basilicasantospirito.it www.galleriaaccademiafirenze. www.santacroceopera.it beniculturali.it St. Gregory (attr.) The Santo Spirito Crucifix 1501-1504, marble. 1493 ca., polychrome wood. ** David 1501-1504, marble. 142 Discovery michelozzo michelozzi m

 FLORENCE

BASILICA DI SANTA TRINITA BASILICA DELLA SS. ANNUNZIATA MUSEO NAZIONALE DEL BARGELLO Piazza Santa Trinita Piazza SS. Annunziata Via del Proconsolo, 4 www.annunziata.xoom.it www.bargellomusei.beniculturali.it Tomb of Onofrio Strozzi GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY 1425, collaboration with Ghiberti, Remodelling Two Cappella Strozzi (Sagrestia) 1444 ca. 1419-1422, marble. St. John the Baptist Virgin and Child CHIESA DI ORSANMICHELE terracotta. 1430 ca., marble with glass paste

Via dell’Arte della lana inserts. www.bargellomusei.beniculturali.it BASILICA DI SANTA CROCE Virgin and Child m Piazza Santa Croce 1430 ca., marble. Mercatanzia Tabernacle www.santacroceopera.it St. John the Baptist 1423 ca., with Donatello. 1430-1440, bronze.

*Porch and Chapel of the Noviziato St. John the Baptist BATTISTERO 1445 ca. 1440 ca., terracotta with traces of

michelozzo michelozzi Piazza San Giovanni polychrome. (Florence 1396 – 1472) www.ilgrandemuseodelduomo.it PALAZZO NERONI

SCULPTOR, ARCHITECT via de’ Ginori, 7 PALAZZO RICASOLI AL PONTE Funerary monument to the ALLA CARRAIA Antipope John XXIII Renovating Piazza Goldoni, 2 A leading Renaissance sculptor and architect, Michelozzi, the pupil of Lorenzo 1423 ca., with Donatello. 1445 ca. Ghiberti from 1417 to 1425, collaborated on some of his master’s prestigious Project commissions, including the North Door of the Baptistery of San Giovanni and ** BASILICA DI SAN MARCO CATTEDRALE DI SANTA MARIA 1480.

the second casting of the St. Matthew for Orsanmichele. From 1425 to 1434 he Piazza San Marco DEL FIORE worked in association with Donatello on numerous commissions. www.polomusealetoscana.beniculturali.it Piazza San Giovanni CHIESA SAN NICCOLÒ OLTRARNO

From the 1430s on, Cosimo the Elder de’ Medici was his most important client. www.ilgrandemuseodelduomo.it via San Niccolò, 48 Remodelling The hallmark of his style is a measured classicism, cultured and refined. 1438-1444. Bronze door Polychrome wooden crucifix

He was the creator of the typological Florentine Renaissance palazzo, as exem- 1445-1469, with Luca della Robbia, attributed. plified by Palazzo Medici. Medicean villas he worked on display a Renaissance ** PALAZZO MEDICI RICCARDI Sagrestia delle Messe. interpretation of the medieval castle, combining sober Florentine gothic ele- Via Cavour, 1 Altar MUSEO STEFANO BARDINI ments with new classicist trends. www.palazzo-medici.it third chapel, right Tribune.. Via dei Renai, 37

Bronze grating for Buggiano’s www.museicivicifiorentini.comune.fi.it Project marble altar 1444-1461 ca. third chapel, left Tribune. Virgin and Child

attributed, painted stucco tondo.

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CHIESA DI SAN FELICE IN PIAZZA PALAZZO VECCHIO  BAGNO A RIPOLI (FI)  IMPRUNETA (FI)  PRATO Piazza San Felice Piazza della Signoria

www.museicivicifiorentini.comune.fi.it ORATORIO DELLA SS. ANNUNZIATA SANTUARIO DI SANTA MARIA CATTEDRALE DI SANTO STEFANO CHIESA DI S. AGOSTINO Remodelling via della Villa ai Piazza Buondelmonti, 28 Piazza del Duomo Piazza Michelozzo 1452-1457. Remodelling www.basilicaimpruneta.org www.diocesiprato.it * Project for Courtyard Project ** Facade, Project, renovating MUSEO CAPPELLA BRANCACCI 1453 ca., Quartiere del Mezzanino. attributed. * Project for the glazed terracotta Outdoor Pulpit of the Holy Girdle * Virgin and Child with St. John

Piazza del Carmine, 14 aedicule by Luca della Robbia 1425-1438, with Donatello. the Baptist and St. Augustine

www.museicivicifiorentini.comune.fi.it OSPEDALE DI SAN PAOLO 1453-1460. terracotta lunette.. Piazza di Santa Maria Novella, 14  SETTIGNANO (FI) Virgin and Child  PISTOIA www.museonovecento.it MUSEO DEL TESORO DI SANTA CATTEDRALE DI SANTA MARIA attributed. CHIESA DI SANTA MARIA ASSUNTA MARIA DELL’IMPRUNETA ASSUNTA Remodelling Piazza Nicolò Tommaseo, 18 OSPEDALE DEL CEPPO Piazza Buondelmonti, 28 Piazza Grande 1453-1459. Piazza Papa Giovanni XXIII BASILICA DI SAN MINIATO www.basilicaimpruneta.org St. Lucia AL MONTE 1430 ca., painted terracotta. * Project for the church and Funerary monument to the Via delle Porte Sante, 34 PALAZZO DELLO STROZZINO Finding the Image of the Virgin Resurrection Humanist B. Aragazzi www.sanminiatoalmonte.it Piazza Strozzi, 16 attributed, marble. 1437 ca., with Donatello. 1451-1456.

Chapel of the Crucifix Inner facade  FIESOLE (FI) 1448, project. 1451-57, project attributed.  BARBERINO  COMPLESSO DI SAN GIROLAMO  SIENA PISA Via Vecchia Fiesolana DI MUGELLO (FI) PALAZZO CORSI-TORNABUONI PALAZZO CANIGIANI 1445-1451. BATTISTERO MUSEO NAZIONALE DI Via Tornabuoni, 16 Via de’ Bardi, 28-30 * VILLA MEDICEA DI CAFAGGIOLO SAN MATTEO Piazza di S. Giovanni Via Nazionale, 16 Piazza S. Matteo in Soarta, 1 Design of Courtyard www.operaduomo.siena.it Renovating www.castellodicafaggiolo.com www.sbappsae-pi.beniculturali.it 1451 ca. 1458.  SCARPERIA Dance of Salomè E SAN PIERO (FI) Remodelling 1425-1427 ca., with Donatello, Bas-relief MUSEO DELL’OPERA DEL DUOMO * VILLA MEDICEA DI CAREGGI 1434 ca. Baptismal Font 1430 ca.

Piazza del Duomo, 9 Viale Gaetano Pieraccini, 17 * VILLA MEDICEA DEL TREBBIO www.ilgrandemuseodelduomo.it www.castelloiltrebbio.it Restoration  BIVIGLIANO (FI)  MONTEPULCIANO (SI)  VOLTERRA (PI) *John the Baptist by 1459. Remodelling 1452, silver. 1427-1436. CHIESA DI SAN ROMOLO PALAZZO COMUNALE CHIESA SAN GIROLAMO Via della Chiesa, 123 Località San Lazzaro MONASTERO DI SAN BARTOLOMEO Piazza Grande BASILICA DI SAN LORENZO * CONVENTO DEL BOSCO AI FRATI www.sanromolobivigliano.it A MONTEOLIVETO Initial project Piazza San Lorenzo Località Lucigliano, 1 Remodelling Via Monte Oliveto St. John the Baptist 1447 ca. www.operamedicealaurenziana.org www.sbap-fi.beniculturali.it 1424-1440 ca. attributed, polychrome wood. Renovating Remodelling cloisters 1454-1472. Rebuilding 1429-1430 ca.

Discovery Giovanni michelucci m

 PISTOIA  LIVORNO CASSA DI RISPARMIO BUILDING Via Bufalini, 4 – 1953-1957.

BIRTHPLACE WITH MEMORIAL SKYSCRAPER STONE Piazza Matteotti – 1957. PONTE ALLE GRAZIE Corso Gramsci, 32. Lungarno alle Grazie – 1954.

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY Giovanni michelucci  (Pistoia, 1891 – Florence, 1990) RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS (PI) **APARTMENT BUILDING 1931, casa Valiani, casa maestro Via dello Sprone, 1 – 1957. ARCHITECT, URBAN PLANNER ENEL A. Casella. – 1954. SUBURB OF ISOLOTTO Michelucci, the designer of one of the first examples of modern architecture CHIESA DELLA VERGINE between Lungarno dei Pioppi, Via CHIESA DELLA BEATA VERGINE in Florence, the Santa Maria Novella railway station, in collaboration with the Piazza della Vergine – 1954. Torcicoda, Via dei Mortuli – 1958.. m Gruppo Toscano, was one of the leading figures in Italian architecture in the Via della Chiesa, Larderello – 1956.

late post-war period. Between the two world wars he taught at the universi- ** PALAZZO DELLA CASSA DI SEDE DIREZIONE PROVINCIALE CHIESA DEL QUARTIERE ENEL RISPARMIO, AG. 1 DELLE POSTE E TELEGRAFI ties of Bologna and Florence, influencing a Tuscan school of architects, and , Larderello – 1956. frescoed by G. Chini, V. S. Matteo Via Pietrapiana e Via Verdi – 1963-1967. participated in the debate on reconstruction. His architecture displays both the rationalism of the Modern Movement integrated with the Tuscan vernacu- e Via dell’Acqua.  ** CHIESA DI S. GIOVANNI lar building tradition, and an ethical approach that subordinated architecture COLLE DI VAL D’ELSA (SI) CENTRO DI DOCUMENTAZIONE BATTISTA to the complexity of man’s life and needs. GIOVANNI MICHELUCCI FILIALE DEL MONTE DEI PASCHI Via del Limite, Campi Bisenzio – 1960- Although he erected buildings of different kinds in various parts of Italy – the Palazzo Comunale - Piazza del Duomo Via di Spugna, 2 – 1983. 1964. Borsa Merci in Pistoia, residential buildings such as the skyscraper in Livorno and the house in Via dello Sprone, a re-edition of the ancient tower house – an  PESCIA (PT)  SIENA ** THE PRIMITIVES ROOM important sector of his work was church design. One of his best-known works GALLERIA DEGLI UFFIZI Piazzale degli Uffizi, 6 is the church of S. Giovanni Battista on the Autostrada del Sole near Florence, MUSEO DELLA CONTRADA DI * RED SHRIMP TAVERN AT 1970, with E. Detti, I. Gardella. whose curving volumes are made of different materials: stone for the walls, COLLODI VALDIMONTONE Parco di Pinocchio Via Valdimontone, 6 – 1997. concrete for the structure and copper for the roofing. LIMONAIA OF VILLA STROZZI Via San Gennaro, 2 The drastic changes occurring in the ’70s and ’80s, the last years of his life, saw Via Pisana, 77 – 1998. him actively engaged in creating a Foundation in his name, still in operation  FLORENCE today. The Foundation, headquartered in the 19th-century Villa Il Roseto in  AREZZO GIARDINO DEGLI INCONTRI Fiesole, his home, houses a library, archives of his designs and models. PAVILIONS FOR NATIONAL Carcere di Sollicciano CRAFTSMANSHIP FAIR Michelucci died on December 31, the day before his one-hundredth birthday. PALAZZO DEL GOVERNO Via G. Minervini, 2r – 2007. between Piazza del Sole, 1 and Via Fra His ashes were placed in a tomb on the villa’s premises along with those of his Guittone, 4-8 - 1939. Viale Filippo Strozzi, 1 – 1932. wife, the painter Eloisa Pacini.  FIESOLE (FI) PALAZZO GENIO CIVILE ** S. M. NOVELLA RAILWAY STATION Via Fra Guittone, 2-4 – 1941. Piazza della Stazione ** VILLA IL ROSETO 1933-1935, with the Gruppo Toscano. Via Beato Angelico, 15 148 Discovery amedeo modigliani m

 LIVORNO

BIRTHPLACE OF MODIGLIANI Via Roma, 138.

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY

 FLORENCE

amedeo modigliani SCUOLA LIBERA DEL NUDO (livorno, 1884 – Paris, 1920) ACCADEMIA DI BELLE ARTI PAINTER, SCULPTOR Via Ricasoli, 66 m www.accademia.firenze.it

The youngest of four children, Modigliani showed a passion for drawing at an early age and left secondary school to enrol in the course taught by the  COLLE DI VAL D’ELSA (SI) Macchiaioli artist Guglielmo Micheli. He rejected landscape in favour of 14th- century art, notably the linear style of the Sienese Gothic masters. In 1901 he CENTRO DOCUMENTAZIONE moved to Florence to study under Giovanni Fattori at the Free School of the AMEDEO MODIGLIANI Nude, but was disappointed by the school’s provincial air. He went to Venice Via Cennini, 1 www.amedeomodigliani.eu to study at the Academy of Fine Arts, then to Paris, attracted by the avant- garde movements, enrolling in the Colarossi Academy. Here he was influenced by Lautrec, Cezanne, Picasso and Brancusi, but never adhered to Cubism or the other avant-garde movements. In 1907 he met Doctor Alexandre and lived in a tenement house at Montmartre, surrounded by artist friends and exhibiting with them in the Paris Salons. Modigliani was famous for his rapidity, painting portraits in only a few sit- tings. His unique style drew upon primitive, African elements, featuring almond-shaped eyes, faces flat as masks and elongated necks. In concept, his painting was based on linear drawing and the use of colour, taken from the Fauves. Obliged to give up sculpture due to the dust, he concentrated on pic- torial technique, passing from faces to entire figures. His female nudes, often using as model his young companion Jeanne Hebuterne, aroused scandal. Mo- digliani continued to paint for new exhibitions, despite his rapidly worsening health. In 1920 he was admitted to the Hospital de la Charitè with tubercular meningitis and died at the age of 35. 150 Discovery the Orcagna brothers o

 FLORENCE

GALLERIA DEGLI UFFIZI BASILICA DI S. MARIA NOVELLA CHIESA DI ORSANMICHELE Piazzale degli Uffizi, 6 Piazza di Santa Maria Novella Via dell’Arte della Lana www.uffizi.it www.smn.it www.bargellomusei.beniculturali.it

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY ** St. Matthew Triptych ** Last Judgement ** Tabernacle with stories of the 1367-1368, tempera and gold on wood wall decorations, Cappella Strozzi di Virgin (Andrea). Mantova. 1349-1359, marble, bronze and mosaic Heaven and Hell tesserae (Andrea).

GALLERIA DELL'ACCADEMIA 1357 ca., frescoes (Nardo). the Orcagna brothers via Ricasoli, 58/60 ** Virgin and St. Thomas BASILICA DI SANTA CROCE o www.galleriaaccademiafirenze.beniculturali.it stained-glass window (cartoon by the Piazza di Santa Croce

PAINTERS, SCULPTORS, ARCHITECTS brothers Andrea and Nardo). www.santacroceopera.it ** Pentecost ** Polyptych with Christ con- 1362-1365, tempera and gold on wood ** Triumph over Death, Last Andrea di Cione, known as Orcagna (Florence, 1310 ca. – 1368), painter, sculp- signing the Book to St. Thomas (Andrea). Judgement and Inferno tor and architect, hailed by Vasari as ‘the 14th century’s only universal artist’; Aquinus and the keys to St. Peter, * Madonna and Child Enthroned, the Virgin, St. John the Baptist 1344-1345, fragments of detached Nardo, or Leonardo, di Cione (Florence, 1320 ca. – 1366), painter; Jacopo di Cione fresco, in the Refectory (Andrea). two Angels and Saints and another four Saints (Florence, 1325 – 1398 ca.), painter; Matteo di Cione (Florence, 1330 – 1380 ca.), 1353-1355, tempera on wood (Andrea). 1354-1357, tempera and gold on wood, sculptor. * The Holy Trinity and Saints with predella, over the altar (Andrea). ** LOGGIA DELLA SIGNORIA, A family of artists, a goldsmith’s sons, the Orcagnas played a dominant role 1365, tempera on wood (Nardo) KNOWN AS ‘DELL’ORCAGNA’ ** Coronation of the Virgin with in fourteenth-century Florence, continuing along the path laid out by Giotto, CHIESA DEI SANTI APOSTOLI Piazza della Signoria able to introduce the most advanced innovations in the Gothic style. Versati- Prophets and Saints E BIAGIO 1376-1382, built by Benci di Cione 1372 ca., tempera on wood (Jacopo). le artists active also at Orvieto (Andrea) and in Tuscany, they participated in Borgo Santi Apostoli and Simone Talenti to the design of * Madonna of Humility Andrea. some of major works of civic architecture, such as the remodelling and decora- 1365, tempera on wood (Jacopo). ** Madonna Enthroned and Saints tion of the church of Orsanmichele and the loggia of Piazza della Signoria, first 1383, tempera on wood, with predella PIAZZALE DEGLI UFFIZI called ‘dell’Orcagna, then ‘dei Lanzi’. Outstanding in Santa Maria Novella, in MUSEO SANTA MARIA NOVELLA (Jacopo with Niccolò di Pietro Gerini) * Statue of Andrea

the Strozzi di Mantova Chapel, is the Polyptych over the altar by Andrea (who CAPPELLA DEGLI UBRIACHI 1834, marble, by Niccolò Bazzanti. had also painted the Cappella Maggiore with the lost Stories of the Virgin) and Piazza di Santa Maria Novella CENACOLO DI SANTO SPIRITO a great frescoed synthesis formed of scenes painted on the right-hand wall www.smn.it Piazza di Santo Spirito, 29 by Nardo, inspired by Dante’s Inferno. The study of nude bodies writhing for www.museicivicifiorentini.comune.fi.it * Twenty-three medallions their sins seems already to herald the Renaissance, for the close attention to detached frescoes, from the Cappella *Crucifixion and Last Supper anatomy and motion. In the church of Orsanmichele the Tabernacle by Andrea, Maggiore of the Chiesa di Patronato 1360-1365, fresco (Andrea). assisted by his brother Matteo, with its splendid intarsias, stands at the peak dei Ricci (Andrea). of Florentine 14th-century production in an admirable synthesis of architec- ture, sculpture and painting. 152 Discovery the Orcagna o brothers

 FIESOLE (FI)  GREVE IN CHIANTI (FI)  PISA

MUSEO BANDINI *CASTELLO DI UZZANO CAMPOSANTO MONUMENTALE Via Duprè, 1 Strada Uzzano, 23 Piazza del Duomo www.comune.fiesole.fi.it architectural remodelling www.opapisa.it (attributed to Andrea) ** Madonna del Parto ** Triumph of Death, Last 1355-1360, tempera and gold on wood Judgement (Nardo).  PISTOIA detached frescoes (in addition to Announcing Angel and Adoration Francesco Traini and others, of the Magi; Virgin of the CHIESA DI SAN PAOLO attributed also to Andrea).

Annunciation and Crucifixion Corso Fedi 1370-1375, tempera on wood (Jacopo). Virgin and Child * St. James 1365-1380 ca., marble statuette marble statue placed on the cuspid (attributed to Andrea). (Andrea’s circle).

154 Discovery perugino p

 FLORENCE

GALLERIA DEGLI UFFIZI GALLERIA DELL’ACCADEMIA BASILICA DELLA SS. ANNUNZIATA Piazzale degli Uffizi, 6 via Ricasoli, 58/60 Piazza SS. Annunziata www.uffizi.it www.galleriaaccademiafirenze. www.annunziata.xoom.it

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY beniculturali.it Prayer in the Garden Christ descending from the Cross 1483-1495 ca., oil on wood. Visitation with St. Anne to embrace St. Bernard Crucifixion 1472-1473 ca., attributed, 1494-1496, fresco. 1483-1495 ca., oil on wood, tempera on wood. Virgin and Child with Saints with Luca Signorelli. * Assumption of the Virgin, 1495 ca., oil on wood. Pietà Vallombrosa Altarpiece Assumption of the Virgin p 1483-1495, oil on wood. 1500, oil on wood. 1506 ca., oil on wood. perugino Virgin and Child Enthroned with * Portrait of Biagio Milanesi (Città della Pieve 1448 ca. – Fontignano 1523) St. John the Baptist and St. 1500, oil on wood. Sebastian * Portrait of the Monk Baldassarre  SIENA PAINTER 1493, oil on wood. 1500, oil on wood. ** Portrait of Francesco delle Deposition, from the Annunziata CHIESA DI SANT’AGOSTINO Prato di S. Agostino Especially in his first works, Pietro di Cristoforo Vannucci, known as Perugino, Opere Polyptych assimilated and combined the linearity of Verrocchio with the monumentali- 1494, tempera on oak. 1504, oil on wood, Crucifixion (Chigi Altarpiece) * Portrait of a Young Man begun by Filippino Lippi. ty of Piero della Francesca, to develop his own personal style. He was in Rome 1506-1507, oil on wood. 1495, oil on wood. along with the finest artists of the time, summoned to fresco the Sistine Cha- pel, from 1480 to 1482. He then settled in Florence, opening a flourishing work– CENACOLO DI FULIGNO Via Faenza, 42  shop that received commissions from other Italian cities. In 1493 he married GALLERIA PALATINA SAN SEPOLCRO (AR) PALAZZO PITTI www.polomusealetoscana.beniculturali.it the beautiful Chiara Fancelli, the model for his Madonnas. He was admitted Piazza de’ Pitti, 1 CATTEDRALE into the circle of Lorenzo the Magnificent, where his idealised, harmonious www.polomuseale.firenze.it Last Supper Via Giacomo Matteotti style was highly appreciated. From the 1480s on, Perugino elaborated the gen- 1493-1496, fresco.

tle tone touched with a vein of melancholy pathos that was to become typical * Ascension of the paintings produced in his atelier. 1495-1500, oil on wood. CHIESA DI SANTA MARIA (Sansepolcro Altarpiece) * Mary Magdalene MADDALENA DEI PAZZI 1510 ca., oil on wood. With the precision of a Flemish painter, he clearly defined the smallest, most 1500 ca., oil on wood. Borgo Pinti, 58 distant details, the construction of architectural scenarios, with broad loggias Lament for Christ Dead www.smmdepazzi.it of monastery architecture, revealing the hand of an artist possessing the tech- (Deposition from the Cross) nical refinement and capacity to immerse his figures in the atmosphere that 1495, oil on wood. ** Crucifixion 1494-1496, fresco. inspired Raphael, his pupil. From the beginning of the 16th century the demand for his productions declined and he worked mainly in his native Umbria.

156 Discovery piero della francesca p

 SANSEPOLCRO (AR)  (AR)  FLORENCE

* HOUSE OF MUSEO DELLA MADONNA GALLERIA DEGLI UFFIZI PIERO DELLA FRANCESCA DEL PARTO Piazzale degli Uffizi, 6 Via Aggiunti, 71 Via degli Reglia, 1 www.uffizi.it GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY www.comune.sansepolcro.ar.it www.madonnadelparto.it ** Diptych of the Duke and ** Madonna del Parto MUSEO CIVICO Duchess of Urbino 1459-1460 ca., fresco. 1472-1475, oil on wood. Via Aggiunti, 65 www.museocivicosansepolcro.it  p ** Misericordia Polyptych AREZZO 1445-1462 ca., tempera on wood. piero della francesca ** The Resurrection of Christ CHIESA DI SAN FRANCESCO (Borgo Sansepolcro, 1416/1420 – 1492) Piazza San Francesco 1460 ca., fresco. *St. Julian PAINTER, MATHEMATICIAN ** Legend of the True Cross 1455 ca., fresco. 1452-1466 ca., cycle of frescoes. * St. Louis of Toulouse The son of Benedetto dei Franceschi Romana da Monterchi, Piero, the Mon- 1455 ca., fresco. arch of Renaissance painting, trained in the upper Val Tiberina, then came to CATTEDRALE DI SAN DONATO Florence, where in 1439 he participated with Domenico Veneziano in painting Piazza del Duomo CATTEDRALE DI SAN GIOVANNI a cycle of frescoes, now lost, in the chantry of the church of Sant’Egidio. His EVANGELISTA ** The Magdalene Florentine experience was the starting point for later achievements through- Via Piero della Francesca 1455-1460 ca., fresco.

out central Italy, from Rimini to Ferrara, from Arezzo to Rome. In Sansepolcro * the artist’s burial place. he painted The Baptism of Christ, The Crucifixion and the panels of St. Se- bastian and St. John the Baptist that are the oldest part of the Misericordia polyptych. From 1452, at the death of Bicci di Lorenzo who had started them, he painted for the Bacci family the frescoed Legend of the True Cross in the chantry of San Francesco in Arezzo, a splendid testimonial to his greatness, where men and nature appear in proportional harmony, reflecting the harmo- ny of Creation. This was followed by the Flagellation, the Madonna del Parto and the Resurrection. Starting in 1470, Piero worked at the court of the Dukes of Montefeltro, painting for them the Urbino Diptych and the Sacra Conver- sazione. He spent his last years in Borgo del Santo Sepolcro (now Sansepolcro), writing treatises on geometry and perspective. Surrounded by the veneration of his fellow townsmen, he died on October 12, 1492, the day the New World 158 was discovered. Discovery Pietro da Cortona p

 FLORENCE  CORTONA (AR)

GALLERIA PALATINA CHIESA DEI SANTI MICHELE CHIESA DI SANTA CHIARA PALAZZO PITTI E GAETANO Via S. Nicolò Piazza de’ Pitti, 1 Piazza degli Antinori

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY www.polomuseale.firenze.it * Deposition of Christ with Joseph * Martyrdom of St. Lawrence of Arimathea and Nicodemus ** The Golden Age, The Silver Age 1637-1653 ca., oil on canvas 1620-1625, oil on canvas. 1637, frescoes, Sala della Stufa. ** The Bronze Age, the Iron Age CASA BUONARROTI MUSEO DELL’ACCADEMIA 1641, frescoes, Sala della Stufa. Via Ghibellina, 70 ETRUSCA * Sala di Venere www.casabuonarroti.it Piazza Signorelli, 9 p 1641-1642, frescoes. www.cortonamaec.org * Sala di Giove Cartoons for the inlaid doors 1642-1644, frescoes. 1641, Galleria. Madonna and Child Enthroned ** Sala di Marte Buonarroto Named Palatine with St. James, St. John the 1644-1646, frescoes. Count by Pope Leo X Baptist, St. Stephen the Pope and Pietro da Cortona 1637, oil on wall, Chambers of Night (cortona, 1596 – rome, 1669) Sala di Apollo St. 1645-47, frescoes, completed and of Day. 1626-1628, oil on canvas.

PAINTER, ARCHITECT by Ciro Ferri 1659-1661. Sala di Saturno MUSEO DI CASA MARTELLI CHIESA DI SAN FRANCESCO Piero Berrettini, known as Piero da Cortona, was a pupil of the Florentine artist 1663-1665, frescoes, drawings only, Via Ferdinando Zannetti, 8 via Berrettini Andrea Commodi, whom he followed to Rome, where he became an outstand- frescoed by Ciro Ferri. www.bargellomusei.beniculturali.it St, Martina Refusing to Worship Annunciation ing personage along with Gian Lorenzo Bernini and Francesco Borromini. Here, Martyrdom of St. Lawrence the Gods 1665-1669, oil on canvas. in the decoration of Palazzo Barberini, the Triumph of Divine Providence, con- Sketch. 1645-1650, oil on canvas. sidered his masterpiece, displays on the facade of the new church of Ss. Luca e Death of St. Mary Egyziaca BASILICA DI SANTA MARGHERITA Martina one of the first convex solutions of Baroque Rome. 1640 ca., oil on canvas.  Piazza Santa Margherita, 2 Summoned to Florence by Grand Duke Ferdinando II to paint two cycles of SERAVEZZA (LU) www.santamargheritadacortona.com frescoes deemed some of his best works, he was given a free hand in celebrat- CORRIDOIO VASARIANO Oratorio della Santissima Annunziata Drawing of the cornice of the ing the Medicean dynasty, employing the mythology of Olympus and intro- Galleria degli Uffizi Strada Provinciale, 9 Urn containing the body of ducing the Baroque to Florence and Tuscany. Returning definitively to Rome, Piazzale degli Uffizi, 6 St. Margaret of Cortona he painted the finest works of his maturity, among them the frescoes in the www.uffizi.it The Three Marys at the Tomb oil on canvas. 1646. nave and dome of the Chiesa Nuova. Self-portrait 1664 ca., oil on canvas.

160 Discovery Pietro p da Cortona

 AREZZO

CHIESA DELLA SS. ANNUNZIATA Via Giuseppe Garibaldi

St. Francis Receiving the Child Jesus and the Virgin 1640-1641, oil on canvas, attributed.

 PISTOIA

CHIESA DELLO SPIRITO SANTO Piazzetta Spirito Santo

Apparition of Christ to St. Ignatius 1668 ca., oil on canvas.

162 Discovery Pinturicchio p

 MASSA

CATTEDRALE DEI SS. PIETRO E PINACOTECA NAZIONALE FRANCESCO Via di San Pietro, 29 Piazza Duomo, 1 www.pinacotecanazionale.siena.it

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY Virgin and Child Enthroned Madonna of the Pomegranate 1488-1490 ca. 1508-1509 ca., oil on wood. Holy Family with the Infant St. John  CORTONA (AR) 1508-1509 ca., oil on wood. p MUSEO DELL’ACCADEMIA ETRUSCA ORATORIO DEI SS. VINCENZO E Piazza Signorelli, 9 ANASTASIO via Camollia www.cortonamaec.org

Tomb with niche and bronze bust Pinturicchio Virgin and Child with the (Perugia, 1452 ca. – Siena, 1513) Young St. John oil on wood.  PAINTER SAN GIMIGNANO (SI)  MUSEI CIVICI Bernardino di Betto Betti, known as Pinturicchio, collaborated with Perugino SIENA Piazza del Duomo first in Perugia and then in Rome, where he worked on at least two frescoes in www.sangimignanomusei.it the Sistine Chapel and received such important commissions as the decoration CATTEDRALE DI S. MARIA ASSUNTA of the Borgia Apartment in the Vatican Palace. ** Virgin of the Assumption with Piazza del Duomo, 8 St. Gregory the Great and St. One of the artist’s masterpieces is the decoration with Stories of the Life of www.operaduomo.siena.it Pope Pius II in the Piccolomini Library in the Siena Cathedral, commissioned Benedict ** Stories of Pope Pius II 1510-1512 ca., oil on wood. in 1502 by the Bishop of Siena, Cardinal Francesco Piccolomini Todeschini, the future Pope Pius III, to house the precious books – which never arrived – of his 1502-1507/1508, frescoes, Libreria Piccolomini. late uncle, Enea Silvio Piccolomini, Pope Pius II. At the death of Pius III the work * Eight Stories of St. John  CETONA (SI) was delayed, but resumed in 1505 and the cycle, on which Raphael may have 1504, frescoes, Cappella di St. John the collaborated, was finished in 1507. Baptist, three repainted in the 17th COLLEGIATA DELLA SANTISSIMA TRINITÀ The artist died in Siena in 1513 and was buried in the parish house of SS. Vin- century. Via Italia cenzo e Anastasio, where he lived, today the oratory of the Istrice Contrada. * Cartoon for the Allegory of the Mount of Wisdom Virgin of the Assumption 1505 ca., mosaic floor inlaid with attributed, fresco. marble. 164 Discovery giovanni pisano p

 SIENA  PISTOIA  PISA

DUOMO CHIESA DI SANT’ANDREA BATTISTERO Piazza del Duomo Via S. Andrea Piazza del Duomo www.operaduomo.siena.it

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY ** Pulpit Outer decoration **Architecture and sculpture 1297-1301, marble. 1297 ca. for the facade. * Crucifix ** Pulpit wood, Pappagalli altar.. CATTEDRALE DI SAN RANIERI in collaboration with his father, * Crucifix Arnolfo di Cambio and Tino di Camaino. wood, in a 15th-century frame. ** Pulpit giovanni pisano 1302-1310, marble p (Pisa, 1245 ca. – 1319 ca.) MUSEO DELL’OPERA DEL DUOMO CHIESA DI SAN GIOVANNI Piazza del Duomo FUORCIVITAS MUSEO DELL’OPERA DEL DUOMO SCULPTOR, ARCHITECT www.operaduomo.siena.it Via Francesco Crispi Piazza del Duomo www.opapisa.it Giovanni developed the traits of his father Nicola still further, confirming the ** Moses, David, Salomon, Sibyl, * Holy Water Stoup with the preeminent role of sculpture among the figurative arts of the 13th century, at Abacuc, Plato, Simon, Balaam, Theological and Cardinal Virtues * Virgin and Child with Saints least up until the appearance of Giotto. Joshua, Mary of Moses, Aggeo, marble. on the Main Door of the Baptistery His statues have slender, elegantly curved forms, his relief carvings a strong Isaiah, Wooden Cross Work on the Bell Tower of the Virgin and Child 1299-1300, ivory sense of movement and chiaroscuro, highly expressive but mindful of the so- 1280 ca. Cathedral according to Vasari. Wooden crucifix lid volumes that are typically Italian. He worked on the major construction sites of his time, especially in Pisa and  SAN QUIRICO D’ORCIA (SI) MUSEO NAZIONALE DI SAN Siena, becoming one of the most influential artists of the 13th-14th century.  PRATO MATTEO Working alongside his father, Giovanni collaborated in the sculptural decora- COLLEGIATA DEI SANTI QUIRICO Piazza San Matteo in Soarta, 1 tion of the Baptistery of Pisa, the Pulpit of Siena and the E GIULITTA CATTEDRALE DI SANTO STEFANO www.sbappsae-pi.beniculturali.it at Perugia. Subsequently, he completed projects left unfinished by Nicola: the Piazza Chigi Piazza del Duomo www.diocesiprato.it ** Madonna outside decoration of the Pisa Baptistery (statues on the second register and * Sculpture of the Portal ivory. completion of the third and last one) and the Siena Cathedral where, as master 1287, attributed. ** Virgin and Child builder from 1284 to 1297, he built the monumental facade and sculpted for 1317 ca., marble. CHIESA DI SAN NICOLA the lower part a great number of statues of Prophets and Sages from antiq-  MASSA MARITTIMA (GR) via Santa Maria uity. Quarelling with his Sienese clients, Giovanni returned to Pisa to become Crucifix director of the Cathedral worksite. The next decade saw him active in the Cam- CATTEDRALE DI SAN CERBONE 1300 ca. posanto, in Santa Maria della Spina, sculpting the Pulpit for the Cathedral and supervising the construction of the Leaning Tower. He also sculpted in wood * Polychrome wood Crucifix 1290 ca. and ivory. 166 Discovery nicola pisano p

 PISA  FLORENCE

BATTISTERO CHIESA DI SANTA TRINITA Piazza del Duomo Piazza di Santa Trinita www.opapisa.it

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY remodelling ** Pulpit 1250 ca., 1260, marble.

LOGGIATO DEGLI UFFIZI MUSEO DELL’OPERA DEL DUOMO Piazzale degli Uffizi Piazza del Duomo nicola pisano www.opapisa.it *Marble sculpture of Pio Fedi p (?, 1215/1220 – Pisa, 1278/1284) 1849, marble. ** Gothic statues SCULPTOR, ARCHITECT

One of the great masters of the 13th century, Nicola made a crucial contribu-  SIENA tion to the formation of the Italian figurative style. His birthplace is unknown, DUOMO although some documents mention him as ‘de Apulia’, meaning from sou- Piazza del Duomo thern Italy. Perhaps at the behest of Frederick II he settled in Pisa, receiving www.operaduomo.siena.it there his appellation and fathering a son, Giovanni. He showed interest in clas- sical models, was influenced by Northern Europe’s Gothic movement, and was * Series of heads-capitals and attentive to the naturalist rendering of objects. heads-altar boards 1247-1269. Nicola was active on the worksite of the Pisan Baptistery (1270-1284), conti- ** Pulpit nuing the work of Diotisalvi and sculpting the hexagonal Pulpit with classical 1265-1268, with his son Giovanni. marble reliefs of the Life of Christ. From 1247 to 1269 he worked on the Siena Cathedral, its architecture and sculptural decoration, with ample recourse to assistants. During this time he sculpted the octagonal Pulpit in the Siena Ca-  LUCCA thedral. In Lucca he made the lunette with a Deposition over the left portal of the Cathedral and was appointed master builder of the Opera del Duomo in CATTEDRALE DI SAN MARTINO Piazza Antelminelli Pisa. He also worked in Bologna on the Arca di San Domenico and in Perugia on www.museocattedralelucca.it the Fontana Maggiore, one of the first examples of urban furnishing, with his son Giovanni. ** Deposition from the Cross ante 1260, in the left portal.

168 Discovery the Pollaiolo brothers p

 FLORENCE MUSEO DELL'OPERA DI SANTA  (SI) MARIA DEL FIORE GALLERIA DEGLI UFFIZI Piazza del Duomo, 9 MUSEO DELLA PIEVE DI SANTA Piazzale degli Uffizi, 6 www.ilgrandemuseodelduomo.it MARIA ASSUNTA

www.uffizi.it Piazza Anton Francesco Grazzini The St. John Vestments GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY Cardinal of Portugal Altarpiece 1466-1488, panels embroidered in Mystic Communion of St. Mary 1466-1467, oil on wood, Antonio. polychrome silk and gold thread on Magdalene * Hercules and Anthaeus cartoons, Antonio. 1460 ca., tempera and oil on wood, 1470, tempera grassa on canvas, Antonio. * Birth of John the Baptist Antonio. * Hercules and the Hydra 1480, silver, Antonio. 1470, tempera grassa on canvas, Antonio. Cross from the Treasure of San p Theological Virtues and Cardinals Giovanni 1469-1470, oil on wood; the Fortitude 1457-1459, silver and enamel.

is by Botticelli. Portrait of Galeazzo Maria Sforza MUSEO STEFANO BARDINI the Pollaiolo brothers 1471, tempera on wood, Piero. Via de' Renai, 37 antonio (Florence, 1431 – rome, 1498) - Piero (Florence, 1443 – rome, 1496) Portrait of a Woman www.museicivicifiorentini.comune.fi.it 1475, tempera and oil on wood, Piero. PAINTERS, SCULPTORS The Archangel St. Michael 1460, tempera on wood, Antonio. The two brothers, among the finest artists in Lorenzo the Magnificent’s Flo- VILLA GALLINA Via del Pian de' Giullari, 17 rence, interpreters of the spirit of the Neo-Platonic Academy, often worked www.villalagallina.it BASILICA DI SAN LORENZO together, collaborating on important commissions such as the Cardinal of Piazza S. Lorenzo Portugal Altarpiece, the Virtues for the Arte di Mercatanzia and the canvases Dancing nudes www.operamedicealaurenziana.org 1475, fresco. depicting the Labours of Hercules in Palazzo Medici, now lost, of which two ** Crucifix sketches in the Uffizi remain. Apart from these projects, they pursued dif- 1470-1480, cork and plaster, Antonio. ferent careers and headed their own ateliers. Antonio, the best known of the MUSEO NAZIONALE DEL BARGELLO Via del Proconsolo, 4 two brothers, was a versatile artist: a goldsmith by training, he was also an www.bargellomusei.beniculturali.it  SAN GIMIGNANO (SI) outstanding sculptor, engraver and designer, skilled at utilising techniques and materials from bronze to silver to terracotta. His works are distinctive ** Hercules and Anthaeus CHIESA DI S. AGOSTINO for the anatomical rendering of the figures, where motion is a crucial factor, 1475, bronze, Antonio. Piazza S. Agostino, 10 resulting in striking expressionistic features, as in his two versions of Hercu- ** Portrait of Young Man in Coronation of the Virgin with St. les and Anthaeus: the painting in the Uffizi and the bronze statuette in the Armour 1470, terracotta, Antonio. Nicholas of Bari, St. Augustine, Bargello. Piero, active as painter, was sensitive to Flemish art, attentive to San Gaggio Cross St. Gimignano, St. Nicholas of details and precise in describing gowns and ornaments, qualities recognisable enamel on silver. Tolentino and St. Jerome in Antonio’s famous portraits, suspended between realism and the search for 1483, oil on wood, Piero. 170 ideal beauty. Discovery Pontormo p

 EMPOLI (FI) CHIESA DI SAN MICHELE VISDOMINI BIBLIOTECA NAZIONALE Piazzetta San Michele Visdomini, 1 piazza dei Cavalleggeri, 1

BIRTHPLACE AND MUSEUM ** Pucci Altarpiece - 1554-1556 via Pontorme, 97 Diary 1518, oil on wood. only with permission for study. www.beniculturali.it

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY * St. John the Evangelist and CHIESA DI SANTA FELICITA  POGGIO A CAIANO (PO) the Archangel Michael Piazza Santa Felicita, 3 1519 ca., tempera on wood. www.santafelicitafirenze.it VILLA MEDICEA ** Deposition, Annunciation, Piazza dei Medici, 14 www.polomusealetoscana.beniculturali.it  FLORENCE the Evangelists p 1525-1528, fresco, Cappella Capponi, ** Vertumnus and Pomona PALAZZO VECCHIO with Bronzino. 1520-1522, fresco, Salone di Leone X.

Piazza della Signoria www.museicivicifiorentini.comune.fi.it GALLERIA DEGLI UFFIZI

Piazzale degli Uffizi, 6  CARMIGNANO (PO) pontormo Chariot of St. John the Baptist www.uffizi.it (Pontorme, 1494 – Florence, 1557) 1514 ca., tempera on wood. PIEVE DI SAN MICHELE

* Supper at Emmaus Piazza Santi Michele e Francesco, 1

PAINTER BASILICA SS. ANNUNZIATA * Portrait of Cosimo the Elder ** Visitation Piazza SS. Annunziata Nativity of St. John the Baptist Jacopo Carucci, known as Pontormo, was born near Empoli; at the age of thir- 1528-1530, tempera on wood. www.annunziata.xoom.it (birthing tray) teen he moved to Florence to work in leading ateliers, accomplishing his first independent works in Andrea del Sarto’s shop. Around 1514 he worked on the * Visitation GALLERIA PALATINA  LUCCA Allegorical Chariot of St. John the Baptist, or of the Zecca. In the Chiostrino 1514-1516, frescoed lunette, Chiostrino dei Voti. PALAZZO PITTI dei Voti at Santissima Annunziata he frescoed the Visitation; in the Cappella MUSEO PALAZZO MANSI Sacra Conversazione Piazza de’ Pitti, 1 www.polomuseale.firenze.it via Galli Tassi, 43 del Papa at Santa Maria Novella he painted the Veronica, then decorated the 1514, detached fresco, nuptial chamber in Palazzo Borgherini, now Rosselli del Turco, in Borgo Santi Cappella di San Luca. Adoration of the Magi Portrait of a Youth Apostoli (the panels are now in London). Pontormo painted a lunette in the The Eleven Thousand Martyrs 1525-1526, oil on wood. Medicean Villa of Poggio a Caiano and frescoes for the Certosa del Galluzzo. SANTA MARIA NOVELLA of Mount Ararat In the church of Santa Felicita he decorated the with livid, Piazza Santa Maria Novella  SANSEPOLCRO (AR) unrealistic colours, ‘to the marvel of all Florence’. In the Pucci Altarpiece at www.smn.it CERTOSA DEL GALLUZZO San Michele Visdomini he experimented with the new style, Mannerism, and * Veronica Via della Certosa MUSEO CIVICO for the Pieve di Carmignano he painted his masterpiece: the famous Visitation. 1514-1515, fresco, www.cistercensi.info Via Niccolò Aggiunti, 65

Now lost are the frescoes for the chantry of San Lorenzo and the Medicean vil- Cappella del Papa Leone X. * St. Quintin las of Castello and Careggi. Dying of dropsy, according to Vasari, he was buried * Stories of the Passion of Christ 1523-1526, detached frescoes. 1517-1518, oil on canvas. 172 in the chapel of San Luca in SS. Annunziata. Discovery raphael r

 FLORENCE  SIENA

GALLERIA DEGLI UFFIZI GALLERIA PALATINA LIBRERIA PICCOLOMINI Piazzale degli Uffizi, 6 PALAZZO PITTI Piazza del Duomo, 8 www.uffizi.it Piazza de' Pitti, 1 www.operaduomo.siena.it

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY www.polomuseale.firenze.it * Self-portrait Canonising of St. Catherine of 1504-1506, oil on wood, attributed. * Madonna of the Baldachin Siena ** Madonna of the Goldfinch 1507-1508, oil on wood. 1503-1508, a Portrait of Raphael 1506 ca., oil on wood. ** The Grand Duke’s Madonna appears in Pinturicchio’s work. * Portrait of Elisabetta Gonzaga 1504, oil on wood. 1504-1505, oil on wood. * Madonna dell’Impannata r raphael ** Portrait of Julius II 1513-1514, oil on wood. (urbino, 1483 – rome, 1520) 1511-1512, oil on wood. ** Madonna of the Chair 1513-1514, oil on wood. PAINTER, ARCHITECT * Portrait of Guidobaldo da Montefeltro ** Portrait of Agnolo Doni 1506-1507, oil on wood. Raphael’s father, a well-known artist with a flourishing workshop, was his 1507-1509, oil on wood. * Portrait of Unknown (Young ** Portrait of Maddalena Doni first master. Left an orphan at the age of 11, he continued his apprenticeship 1506-1507, oil on wood. in Perugino’s atelier at Perugia. His talent emerged very early; before the age Man with an Apple) or Francesco Maria della Rovere ** Portrait of a Woman ‘’ of eighteen he was commissioned important works and in 1504 he moved to 1505-1506, oil on wood. 1516, oil on wood. Florence, fascinated by hearing about Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo ** Portrait of Pope Leo X with * Portrait of Cardinal Dovizi Buonarroti, whom he frequented and by whom he was influenced. Dating from Cardinals Giulio de’ Medici and from Bibbiena this period is the series of Virgin and Child paintings, one of Raphael’s favour- Luigi de’ Rossi 1516, oil on canvas. ite subjects: the Belvedere Madonna, the Madonna of the Goldfinch and the 1517-1518, oil on wood * Portrait of Tommaso (Fedra) Esterhazy Madonna. Of the highest importance was his portrait production, * Portrait of Perugino Inghirami included his probable Self-portrait and the portraits of Agnolo Doni and his 1505-1506, oil on wood. 1510, oil on wood. wife Maddalena Strozzi. The Young St. John the Baptist ** Vision of Ezechiel 1515-1518, oil on wood. In late 1508, summoned to Rome by Pope Julius II, the artist, just twenty-five, 1518-1519, oil on canvas, attributed. * Pregnant Woman created one of the most famous paintings of the Renaissance: the School of 1505-1506, oil on wood. Athens (1509-1511). Raphael was also an outstanding architect. In 1516 he de- * PALAZZO PANDOLFINI Via San Gallo, 74 signed in Florence, at the request of Bishop Giannozzo Pandolfini, a palazzo in style, and worked on the project of St. Peter’s Basilica. He Project attributed to Raphael died on the night of Good Friday in 1520, only 37 years old, and is buried in the construction assigned to Sangallo. Pantheon in Rome. 1514-1516

174 Discovery antonio rossellino r

 FLORENCE

MUSEO NAZIONALE S. MINIATO AL MONTE MUSEOHORNE DEL BARGELLO via delle Porte Sante, 34 via de’ Benci, 6 Via del Proconsolo, 4 www.sanminiatoalmonte.it www.museohorne.it

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY www.bargellomusei.beniculturali.it ** Monument to the Cardinal Madonna and Child Bust of a Boy of Portugal (Madonna of the Candelabra) 1460 ca., marble. 1461-1466, marble, Cappella del 1460 ca., polychrome stucco. Bust of the Young St. John cardinale del Portogallo.

1460-1465, marble. MUSEO DI Bust of BASILICA DI S. CROCE via Porta Rossa, 13 r 1464-1465, marble. Piazza S. Croce www.bargellomusei.beniculturali.it *Bust of Matteo Palmieri www.operadisantacroce.it 1468, marble. Bust of a Boy Adoration of the Christ Child Funerary monument to 1460-1465, attributed.

1475 ca., marble and gold leaf. Francesco Nori The Young St. John 1470-1475, marble.  1477, marble. EMPOLI

MUSEO DELLA COLLEGIATA DI S. ANDREA Piazza della Propositura, 3

antonio rossellino St. Sebastian (Settignano, 1427 – Florence, 1479) 1460-1465, marble.

ARCHITECT

Antonio Gamberelli, known as Rossellino, was taught sculpture by his elder brother and by . He specialised in portrait busts and bas-reliefs, perfecting the technique to achieve supremely refined works. His masterpiece is the Cardinal of Portugal’s Tomb in the chapel dedicated to that prelate in .

176 Discovery bernardo rossellino r

 FLORENCE  SAN MINIATO (FI)

BASILICA DI S. MARIA NOVELLA PALAZZO RUCELLAI CHIESA S. DOMENICO Piazza S. Maria Novella Via della Vigna Nuova, 18 Piazza del Popolo, 29 www.smn.it

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY Facade Monument to Giovanni Chellini Tomb of the Blessed Villana 1455-1465, project by L.B. Alberti. 1461, marble, attributed. 1451, marble, the Angel on the left is by Antonio Rossellino, the Angel on the BASILICA SS. ANNUNZIATA right by Desiderio da Settignano.  PISTOIA Piazza SS. Annunziata

BASILICA S. SPIRITO Monument to Orlando de’ Medici CHIESA S. DOMENICO r Piazza S. Spirito 1456, marble. Piazza S. Domenico

www.basilicasantospirito.it www.domenicanipistoia.it

PALAZZO SPINELLI Monument to Neri di Gino Capponi Monument to Filippo Lazzari Borgo Santa Croce, 10 1462-1468, marble, project begun by 1457-1458, marble, with Antonio Rossellino. Antonio and Giovanni with Pagno di Lapo. 1460, attributed.

BADIA FIORENTINA  AREZZO Via del Proconsolo, 11  EMPOLI (FI)

Cloister of the Orange Trees MUSEO DELLA COLLEGIATA PALAZZO DELLA FRATERNITA 1432-1438. DI S. ANDREA DEI LAICI Bernardo rossellino Piazza della Propositura, 3 Piazza Grande www.fraternitadeilaici.it (Settignano, 1409 – Florence, 1464) BASILICA DI S. CROCE Baptismal font Piazza S. Croce St. Donatus, St. Gregory and ARCHITECT 1447, marble, attributed. www.operadisantacroce.it bas-relief with Madonna della

CHIESA S. STEFANO Misericordia Bernardo Gamberelli, known as Rossellino, had already shown his ability ** Monument to 1433-1434. 1446-1451, marble. via dei Neri as architect in Rome at the service of around 1450. He then Second Cloister conferred concrete shape on the ideas of Leon Battista Alberti by designing Annunciation 1453.  and building Pienza, the little ‘ideal city’ ordered by Pope Pius II Piccolomini in 1447, marble. PRATO 1459. He was also an excellent sculptor who created the funerary monument to CHIESA S. FRANCESCO Leonardo Bruni in Santa Croce, prototype of the humanist tomb. CHIESA S. EGIDIO Piazza S. Maria Nuova Piazza S. Francesco, 10 Tabernacle 1450, marble, Ghiberti’s door. Tomb of Gimignano Inghirami 1460, marble, attributed.

178 Discovery bernardo r rossellino

 SIENA

PALAZZO PUBBLICO Piazza del Campo, 1 www.comune.siena.it

Portal of the Sala del Concistoro 1446, marble.

PALAZZO PICCOLOMINI TODESCHINI Banchi di Sotto, 52 www.archiviodistato.siena.it

1469, attributed.

PALAZZO PICCOLOMINI-NERUCCI OR DELLE PAPESSE Via di Città, 126

1460, attributed.

 PIENZA

**Urban planning project for the city 1459-1464.

PIAZZA PIO II

Well 1462, travertine.

CATTEDRALE DELL’ASSUNTA Piazza Pio II

Baptismal Font and Tabernacle of the Holy Sacrament travertine.

Discovery rosso fiorentino r

 FLORENCE  VOLTERRA (PI)

GALLERIA DEGLI UFFIZI MUSEO DIOCESANO Piazzale degli Uffizi, 6 D’ARTE SACRA www.uffizi.it Via Roma, 13

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY www.volterratur.it Virgin and Child with St. John the Baptist, St. Anthony the Virgin and Child with St. John Abbot, St. Stephen and St. Jerome the Baptist and St. Bartholomew (The Spedalingo Altarpiece) (The Villamagna Altarpiece) 1518 1521.

* Moses Defending the Daughters r rosso fiorentino of Jethro PINACOTECA E MUSEO CIVICO (Florence, 1495 – Fontainebleau, 1540) Little Angel playing the Lute Via dei Sarti, 1 www.volterratur.it PAINTER BASILICA DELLA SS. ANNUNZIATA ** Deposition from the Cross Giovan Battista di Jacopo di Gasparre, known as Rosso Fiorentino, frequented Piazza della SS. Annunziata www.annunziata.xoom.it Andrea del Sarto’s atelier in Florence and enrolled in the Painters’ Guild in 1517. Eccentric and independent, he drew inspiration from Michelangelo’s sharply * Assumption of the Virgin contrasting colours and sculptural contortions to develop an original pictorial fresco, Chiostro dei Voti. language that was not always appreciated by his contemporaries, as in the case of the Spedalingo Altarpiece, where the client was shocked at certain GALLERIA PALATINA expressionistic deformities of the Saints portrayed. Dating from the same pe- PALAZZO PITTI, riod is the Assumption of the Virgin frescoed in the Chiostro dei Voti at San- Piazza de’ Pitti, 1 www.polomuseale.firenze.it tissima Annunziata, influenced by Dürer; the intellectualist Moses Defending the Daughters of Jethro, and the famous Musical Angel in the Uffizi, as well as * Virgin and Child with Saints the masterpieces of the Volterra Pinacoteca, the Villamagna Altarpiece and (The Dei Altarpiece) the Deposition from the Cross, where the drama unfolds in a sinister moonlit 1522. atmosphere. Closing this fecund artistic season is the Dei Altarpiece, formerly in Santo Spirito, and the Marriage of the Virgin in San Lorenzo, both in Flor- BASILICA DI SAN LORENZO ence. Moving to Rome, the artist had to flee from the sack of 1527, taking ref- Piazza San Lorenzo www.operamedicealaurenziana.org uge first at Sansepolcro – where he left another Deposition in the local church of San Lorenzo – then passing through Venice to end up in France at the court Marriage of the Virgin of Francis I, where he painted important decoration for the gallery of the Fon- tainebleau Palace in collaboration with Primaticcio. 182 Discovery antonio da sangallo the elder (Florence, 1455 ca. – 1534) antonio da sangallo ARCHITECT the elder and the younger s The brother of Giuliano, and for many years his collaborator. As concerns ar- chitectural forms, Antonio appears dependent on Giuliano, whose expressive- ness, featuring accentuated masses and solid frameworks, by now typical of the fifteenth century, shows the influence of Bramante.    AREZZO As a military architect Antonio participated from 1493 in the remodelling of FLORENCE MONTEPULCIANO (SI)

Castel Sant’Angelo in Rome, worked at Civita Castellana, at Poggio Imperiale LOGGIATO DEI SERVITI ** CHIESA DI S. BIAGIO MEDICEAN FORTRESS in Poggibonsi, at Nepi, and in Arezzo; he also designed the Old Fortress at Li- Piazza Santissima Annunziata Via di S. Biagio, 14 viale Buozzi

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY vorno (from 1506). Having begun in 1517 the Loggia of the Servites in Floren- 1517, completed by Baccio d’Agnolo. 1518-1544. 1538-1560 ce, inspired by Brunelleschi’s work, from 1518 to his death he established his project in collaboration with his bro- centre of activity at Montepulciano, where he left some of his best-known PALAZZO DEL MONTE CONTUCCI ther Giuliano; his nephew Antonio the works. Outstanding among them is the church of the Madonna of San Biagio,  POGGIBONSI (SI) Younger directed the worksite. Piazza Grande built for Pope Leo X, who had been educated by the famous humanist Angelo Ambrogini, known as , a native of this city. The church was built over * FORTRESS OF POGGI completed by Baldassarre Peruzzi.  the ruins of an ancient church which still displays the remains of a medieval IMPERIALE FLORENCE s Via , 1 * PALAZZO NOBILI TARUGI fresco depicting the Virgin and Child with St. Francis. In 1518 two women and * FORTEZZA DA BASSO 1488-1511, Piazza Grande a shepherd, passing before the image, saw the Virgin’s eyes move, followed by Viale Filippo Strozzi a number of miracles. Hence it was decided to build a solemn new church on in collaboration with Giuliano. PALAZZO CERVINI 1534-1537. this site. Sangallo’s masterpiece, in the shape of a Greek cross, is one of the Via di Voltaia, 21 most interesting and original solutions among the central-plan churches of  LIVORNO the early 16th century. At Montepulciano, Antonio da Sangallo also designed  PALAZZO COCCONI DEL PECORA AREZZO important palazzi, freely elaborating forms of contemporary classicism. MEDICEAN FORTRESS Via di Gracciano nel Corso, 70 Piazza dei Marmi MEDICEAN FORTRESS viale Buozzi 1519-1534. post 1538, to the design of Giuliano da the younger Sangallo. antonio da sangallo (Florence, 1484 – rome, 1546)

ARCHITECT

After training in Florence as stonecutter, Antonio went to Rome in 1503, where he frequented the Vatican construction site and Bramante, in addition to col- laborating with his uncles, absorbing elements of classical architecture. In 1512 he began to work independently, with the project for Palazzo Farnese in Rome, and designing for the Farnese various buildings around , such as the Rocca di Caprarola. In 1516 he was appointed master builder, assistant to Raphael, in the Fabbrica of St. Peter’s Basilica, a position that was later extended to all of the papal building sites. 184 Discovery giuliano da sangallo s

 FLORENCE

BASILICA DELLA SS.MA BASILICA DI S. SPIRITO PALAZZO STROZZI ANNUNZIATA Piazza Santo Spirito Piazza Strozzi Piazza della SS. Annunziata www.basilicasantospirito.it www.palazzostrozzi.org

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY www.annunziata.xoom.it * Sacristy post 1489, in collaboration with

Crucifix Benedetto da Maiano, completed by

BASILICA DI SANTA MARIA Cronaca. Giuliano da Sangallo PALAZZO DI BARTOLOMEO SCALA NOVELLA Borgo Pinti, 99 Piazza Santa Maria Novella * (Florence, 1445 ca. – 1516) www.smn.it Piazza San Florence, 1-2 s ARCHITECT * CHIESA DI S. MARIA www.palazzogondi.it Gondi Chapel MADDALENA DE’ PAZZI post 1490. Giuliano was a leading figure in the cultural and artistic circle of Lorenzo the Borgo Pinti 58

Magnificent, for whom he completed important works. Starting from the he- ritage of Brunelleschi, he studied ancient architecture still further, visiting Rome several times and absorbing the elements of classical architecture.  PRATO  PISTOIA  SANSEPOLCRO (AR) In Florence he worked for Bartolomeo Scala designing his Palazzo in Borgo * CHIESA DI S. MARIA CHIESA DI SANTA MARIA MEDICEAN FORTRESS Pinti and renovating the church of Santa Maria Maddalena de’ Pazzi with a DELLE CARCERI DELL’UMILTÀ Via della Fortezza, 9 quadriportico featuring the refined Ionic order. In Prato he left the splendid Piazza di Santa Maria delle Carceri, 21 Via della Madonna church of Santa Maria delle Carceri, a new central-plan version of Brunel- post 1503.

leschi’s great examples and of the medieval tradition of marble inlay re- vetment; in the nearby Pistoia he built the impressive octagonal hall of Santa  POGGIO A CAIANO (PO)  COLLE VAL D’ELSA (SI) Maria dell’Umiltà. Commissioned by Lorenzo the Magnificent, he built the Villa * MEDICEAN VILLA FORTIFIED WALLS of Poggio a Caiano, designing solemn barrel-vaulted halls and such reminders Piazza dei Medici, 14 Via Gracco del Secco of classicism as the tympanum on the front of the building. Again in Florence, www.beniculturali.it he built the elegant Sacristy of Santo Spirito, embellished with finely sculp- post 1480. ted capitals, and the austere Gondi Chapel in Santa Maria Novella. But it was in the great projects of civic architecture that Giuliano created grandiose works, such as Palazzo Strozzi (completed by Simone del Pollaiolo known as Cronaca) and Palazzo Gondi, both featuring airy courtyards echoing the peristyle of the Roman domus. Sangallo was also an expert military architect, working in col- laboration with his brother Antonio da Sangallo the Elder. He worked on the fortifications of Colle Val d’Elsa, on Poggio Imperiale in Poggibonsi, and on the 186 fortress of Sansepolcro. Discovery Sano di Pietro s

 SIENA  (SI)

PINACOTECA NAZIONALE MUSEO DELL’OPERA DEL DUOMO via San Pietro, 29 Piazza del Duomo, 8 www.pinacotecanazionale.siena.it www.operaduomo.siena.it * Virgin and Child with Saints

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY (Badia a Isola Altarpiece) ** Virgin and Child Worshipped ** St. Bernardine Preaching in 1471, tempera on wood. by the Blessed Giovanni Colombini Piazza del Campo and Saints (the Jesuate Altarpiece) 1448 ca., tempera on wood. 1444, tempera and gold on wood. ** St. Bernardine Preaching be-  COLLE DI VAL D’ELSA (SI) * Assumption of the Virgin fore the Church of San Francesco tempera and gold on wood. in Siena MUSEO CIVICO E D’ARTE SACRA s * Virgin and Child with Saints 1448 ca., tempera on wood. Via del Castello, 33 (St. John the Baptis Polyptych) tempera on wood. PALAZZO PUBBLICO Virgin and Child Enthroned with * Virgin and Child with Saints Piazza del Campo the Donors and Saints (Santa Lucia Altarpiece) 1471, tempera on wood.

Sano di Pietro tempera on wood. St. Bernardine (Siena, 1405 – 1481) * St. Bernardine of Siena 1450, fresco, Sala del Mappamondo.  BUONCONVENTO (SI) PAINTER tempera on wood. ** Virgin and Child with Saints ORATORIO DELLA COMPAGNIA MUSEO D’ARTE SACRA One of the most esteemed masters of Early Renaissance Sienese painting, the ( Altarpiece, with DI SAN BERBARDINO Piazza San Francesco, 7 Via Soccini, 17 predella) artist enjoyed a brilliant youthful career in the shadow of Stefano di Giovan- ni, known as Sassetta, but in his maturity managed a well-organised atelier tempera and gold on wood. * St. George and the Dragon * Virgin and Child Enthroned with * Virgin and Child with Saints specialised in devotional images, highly successful with a public of popular 1440-1450, tempera on wood. Saints (Altarpiece of Sts. Cosmas and 1465-1470, tempera on wood. religion and brotherhoods. Thanks to this endeavour, he became the wealthy Damian) * Virgin and Child, Saints and owner of much real estate. tempera on wood. BANCA MONTE DEI PASCHI Angels Since there are no documented works up to 1444 – the Jesuate Polyptych ** Virgin and Child with Saints DI SIENA 1450-1455, tempera on wood. painted for the church of San Girolamo – while later, many works were signed Piazza Salimbeni (Santa Bonda Altarpiece) Coronation of the Virgin and dated, the hypothesis that the young Sano is the Master of the Observan- tempera on wood. 1450-1455, tempera on wood. * Lament for Christ Dead ce, who produced works of higher quality than those of his maturity, becomes * Virgin and Child with Saints tempera on wood, increasingly convincing. (Santa Margherita Altarpiece) by appointment only. tempera on wood. ** Assumption of the Virgin (Saint Petronilla Polyptych, with predella) tempera on wood. 188 Discovery sano s di pietro

 MONTALCINO (SI)  MANCIANO (GR)

MUSEO CIVICO E DIOCESANO CHIESA DI SAN GIORGIO Via Ricasoli, 31 Vicolo della Canonica

* Madonna of Humility Virgin and Child Enthroned with 1440-1445, tempera and gold on wood. Saints * Virgin and Child known as 1458, tempera on wood. Madonna of the Pilaster 1450-1460, tempera on wood. St. Bernardine of Siena between  FLORENCE Two Angels 1450-1460, tempera on wood. MUSEO HORNE Via de’ Benci, 6 www.museohorne.it

 SAN QUIRICO D’ORCIA (SI) St. John the Baptist post 1440, tempera on wood. COLLEGIATA DEI SANTI QUIRICO E GIULITTA Piazza Chigi

** Virgin and Child with Saints (San Quirico d’Orcia Altarpiece) 1450-1460, tempera on wood.

 PIENZA (SI) DUOMO Piazza Pio II

* Virgin and Child with Saints (Pienza Altarpiece) 1462 ca., tempera and gold on wood.

190 Discovery andrea sansovino s

 MONTE SAN SAVINO (AR)  BATTIFOLLE (AR)  FLORENCE

CHIESA DI SANTA CHIARA CHIESA DEI SANTI QUIRICO MUSEO DELL’OPERA DEL DUOMO Piazza Gamurrini E GIULITTA Piazza del Duomo, 9 www.ilgrandemuseodelduomo.it

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY * Altarpiece with St. Lawrence, * St. Roch St. Sebastian and St. Roch 1528 ca., polychrome terracotta. ** Baptism of Christ 1486, terracotta, from the destroyed 1502-1505, marble statue placed Camaldolensian church of Sant’Agata above the Door of Paradise by Lorenzo ** Altarpiece with the Virgin and Ghiberti.  AREZZO Child and Four Saints 1486-1490, terracotta, glazed later MUSEO DI CASA VASARI BASILICA DI SANTO SPIRITO s by Andrea or Giovanni della Robbia, Via XX Settembre, 55 Piazza Santo Spirito coming from the destroyed church of Sant’Agata. * Bust of the Emperor Galba ** Altar of the Sacrament and attributed, 1510-1515, mural decoration with predella polychrome glazed terracotta. and altar-facing with the Pietà andrea sansovino * LOGGIA DEI MERCANTI (monte san savino, 1467 ca. – 1529) 1492, marble, Cappella Corbinelli. 1518-1520.  MONTEPULCIANO (SI) SCULPTOR, ARCHITECT, CERAMIST MUSEO NAZIONALE DEL CHIESA DI SANT’AGOSTINO BARGELLO COLLEZIONE AVIGNONESI Andrea Contucci, called Sansovino from his native town in Val di Chiana, was Via del Proconsolo, 4 an outstanding ceramist from his early youth, following the local tradition. * Altar screen, pulpit, cloister and Head of Porsenna www.bargellomusei.beniculturali.it

He was a refined, inventive plastic artist, a sculptor in marble and renowned refectory 1520 ca., terracotta painted colour of 1522-1523. bronze. * Virgin and Child architect, Director of Works at the sanctuary of Loreto in 1513. (Madonna of the Rabbit) He enrolled in the Art of Stone and Wood Workers in 1490 and frequented the * THE ARTIST’S HOUSE 1492-1502, terracotta from Palazzo ‘sculpture garden of San Marco’ in Florence. He then went to Portugal and to  Galletti at Monte San Savino via Sansovino, 36 VOLTERRA (PI) Rome, but remained always linked to his home town. He enjoyed the patron- 1515. BATTISTERO DI SAN GIOVANNI age of Cardinal Antonio di Monte, for whom he built the Loggia dei Mercanti in his city, while near Piazza Di Monte he built his own house. Proud of his Piazza San Giovanni www.diocesivolterra.org Etruscan ancestors, once the lords of the ancient Arretium, he held the title  CIGGIANO (AR) of Gonfalonier three times as well as other public positions. He is described Baptismal font by Giorgio Vasari as ‘of very small stature, but very well formed and pleasing CHIESA DI SAN BIAGIO 1502, marble. […] an aquiline nose, a red-and-white complexion’. Civitella in Val di Chiana

* St. Mary Magdalene 1505-1510, painted terracotta.

192 Discovery luca signorelli s

 CORTONA (AR) BASILICA DI SAN FRANCESCO GALLERIA PALATINA Piazza San Francesco PALAZZO PITTI MUSEO DIOCESANO Piazza de’ Pitti, 1 Piazza del Duomo, 1 Annunciation www.polomuseale.firenze.it attribuito, 1474 ca., detached fresco www.diocesiarezzo.it * Virgin and Child, GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY ** Lament for Christ Dead  SANSEPOLCRO (AR) St. Joseph and a Saint 1502 ca., tempera on wood. 1490-1495, tempera on wood. * Communion of the Apostles MUSEO CIVICO 1512, tempera on wood. Via Niccolò Aggiunti, 65 Via di Vincigliata Incarnation of the Virgin www.museocivicosansepolcro.it

luca signorelli 1523 ca. * Portrait of Vitellozzo Vitelli Crucifixion with St. Eligius and s (Cortona, 1445 – 1523) 1492-1496, oil on canvas. CHIESA DI SAN NICCOLÒ St. Anthony PAINTER Via San Niccolò 1502-1505, tempera on canvas,

processional standard.  SIENA A pupil of Piero della Francesca in Arezzo and Urbino, then a follower of the * Lament for Christ Dead with Virgin and Child CHIESA DI SANT’AGOSTINO Pollaiolo brothers in Florence, he was called to Rome in 1482 to collaborate with 1516, painted standard.  FLORENCE Prato di Sant’Agostino Perugino in decorating the walls of the Sistine Chapel with The Testament and the Death of Moses. Moving to Florence, he became renowned as a master in VILLA PASSERINI GALLERIA DEGLI UFFIZI * Sibyls the cultural sphere of Lorenzo de’ Medici, painting some masterpieces such via del Piazzale degli Uffizi, 6 monochrome tondoes, frescoes. www.uffizi.it as the Sant’Onofrio Altarpiece, the Education of Pan – destroyed in in Frescoes in the Chapel 1945– and he Holy Family, known as the Parte Guelfa Tondo. with pupils. ** Holy Family known as  MONTEOLIVETO At the death of the Magnificent, Signorelli devoted himself to cycles of fre- the Parte Guelfa Tondo MAGGIORE (SI) scoes such as the Stories of St. Benedict at Monteoliveto Maggiore and the  AREZZO 1484-1490, tempera on wood. Stories of the Anti-Christ in the San Brizio Chapel in the Orvieto Cathedral, ** Crucifixion with the Magdalene ABBAZIA MUSEO STATALE DI ARTE 1502-1505, tempera su tela. www.monteolivetomaggiore.it considered his masterpiece. Noteworthy among his later works are The Com- MEDIEVALE E MODERNA * The Holy Trinity with the Virgin munion of the Apostles, showing the influence of Raphael. Stories of the Life of St. Benedict Via S. Lorentino, 8 and two Saints The work of Signorelli, for the heightened plasticity of the bodies within a 1497-1498, frescoes, Chiostro Grande. www.museistataliarezzo.it 1510, tempera on wood. severe, dramatic composition, can be seen as a forerunner of Michelangelo’s Virgin and Child, Shepherds and ** Virgin and Child with Saints  VOLTERRA (PI) painting, and he is one of the finest modern illustrators. He is probably buried Prophets 1519-1523, tempera on wood. at Cortona in the crypt of San Francesco. 1484, tempera on wood. PINACOTECA E MUSEO CIVICO CASA VASARI * Allegory of Fecundity and Via de’ Sarti, 1 Via XX Settembre, 55 Abundance 1500, tempera on wood. ** Annunciation Portrait of Luca Signorelli 1491, tempera on wood. painted by Giorgio Vasari * Virgin Enthroned with Saints 194 fresco, Camera della Fama. 1491, tempera on wood.

Discovery sodoma s

 SIENA  MONTEPULCIANO (SI)

PINACOTECA NAZIONALE PALAZZO PUBBLICO MUSEO CIVICO Via San Pietro, 29 Piazza del Campo

www.pinacotecanazionale ** Holy Family ** St. Victor, St. Ansanus,

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY 1530, oil on wood. ** Deposition from the Cross St. Bernardo Tolomei 1510-1513, oil on wood. 1533 ca., frescoes, Sala del ** Christ at the Column Mappamondo.  MONTALCINO (SI) 1513 ca., detached fresco. Holy Family with St. Leonard * Holy Family Tondo Cappella del Palazzo. MUSEO CIVICO E DIOCESANO Via Ricasoli, 31 * Judith with the Head of s Holofernes CONTRADA DELLA TORRE The Crucifixion Via Salicotto, 76 1505 ca., silk standard.

ORATORIO DI SAN BERNARDINO Going to Calvary Piazza San Francesco 1545 ca., detached fresco. sodoma  SAN GIMIGNANO (SI) (vercelli, 1477 – Siena, 1549) ** Stories of the Virgin with the Visitation, Presentation of  ASCIANO (SI) PALAZZO COMUNALE PAINTER Piazza del Duomo Mary in the Temple, Assumption, ABBAZIA DI MONTE OLIVETO Coronation of the Virgin, St. St. Yves Administering Justice Giovanni Antonio Bazzi, known as Sodoma, trained in Northern Italy, bridg- Anthony, St. Louis, St. Francis MAGGIORE fresco. ing the gap between Late Renaissance and Mannerism. He moved to Milan 1518-1538, frescoes on the ceiling. and then to Siena in 1501, influenced by both Pinturicchio and Perugino. Sum- ** Stories of St. Benedict 1505-1508, Chiostro Grande, moned to Rome in 1508, he began work on the Stanza della Segnatura in the CHIESA DI SANT’AGOSTINO cycle of 26 frescoes on the walls.  (SI) Vatican as successor to Raphael. Prato di Sant’Agostino In 1518 he returned to Siena to decorate the Oratory of San Bernardino, re- COLLEGIATA DI SAN MARTINO * Adoration of the Magi  PIENZA (SI) Piazza Garibaldi maining there the rest of his life. Sodoma’s art exerted a powerful influence, 1530 ca., tempera on wood. especially on Domenico Beccafumi, but for the sensual beauty of his forms and * Virgin and Child with Saints MONASTERO DI SANT’ANNA an exaggerated emotivity, he anticipated the season of Baroque. Giovanni BASILICA DI SAN DOMENICO IN CAMPRENA (with predella) Antonio Bazzi, also known as Matazo (Mattaccio) is an artist whose multi- 1535 ca., tempera on wood. Piazza San Domenico faceted personality truly deserves further study. * Stories of Christ, of Mary and ** Stories of St. Catherine Saints 1526, frescoes. 1503-1505, frescoes. Scenes from the Life of St. Anne frescoes.

196 Discovery s sodoma

 FLORENCE  PISA

GALLERIA DEGLI UFFIZI MUSEO NAZIONALE DI SAN MATTEO Piazzale degli Uffizi, 6 Piazza di San Matteo in Soarta, 1 www.uffizi.it www.sbappsae-pi.beniculturali.it

Christ among the Soldiers * Sacra Conversazione 1525-1530, oil on wood. 1542, oil on wood. ** St. Sebastian (front) and St. Benedict and St. Scholastica Madonna and Saints (back) 1542-1543 ca., oil on wood. 1525, oil on canvas, painted standard.

DUOMO CHIESA DI SAN BARTOLOMEO Piazza del Duomo A MONTEOLIVETO www.opapisa.it Via Monteoliveto Deposition from the Cross Last Supper 1540, oil on wood. 1515-1516, detached fresco and * Sacrifice of Abraham and Isaac sinopite. 1541, oil on wood.

198 Discovery ardengo soffici s

 RIGNANO SULL’ (FI)  FLORENCE  FIESOLE

* BIRTHPLACE AND CHILDHOOD GALLERIA D’ARTE MODERNA FONDAZIONE “PRIMO CONTI”

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY HOME PALAZZO PITTI Via Giovanni Duprè, 18 Locality Il Bombone Piazza de' Pitti, 1 www.fondazioneprimoconti.org

www.polomuseale.firenze.it memorial stone First editions of reviews and original in Via del Bombone, 22/24. documents on Soffici’s relations with ** Tuscan Hills 1925, oil on canvas. the Futurists.

ardengo soffici  POGGIO A CAIANO (PO) * Tuscan Women s (rignano sull’arno, 1879 – forte dei marmi, 1964) 1924, oil on canvas  ** Procession VIAREGGIO PAINTER, WRITER, ESSAYIST POET ** RESIDENCE AND STUDIO Via Ardengo Soffici, 110. 1933, fresco detached and transferred MUSEI CIVICI “VILLA PAOLINA to wooden panel. Painter and editorialist, at the age of 13 Soffici moved with his family to Flo- BONAPARTE” rence, where he enrolled in the Academy of Fine Arts and the School of the CEMETERY WHERE HE IS BURIED Via Machiavelli, 2 Nude. After having founded the literary review “La Fiamma” in 1900 he took Piazza Risaliti. MUSEO NOVECENTO www.comune.viareggio.lu.it Piazza Santa Maria Novella, 10 his first trip to Paris, where he met such leading members of the art world as www.museonovecento.it Exhibition of paintings by Soffici. Apollinaire, Picasso, Max Jacob and Matisse. ** MUSEO SOFFICI SCUDERIE In 1907 he returned to Italy and settled in the house at Poggio a Caiano, to be- MEDICEE * Portrait of the Artist’s Wife gin an intense season of work. In 1908, with Papini and Prezzolini, he founded Via Lorenzo il Magnifico, 9 1931. museoardengosoffici.it “La Voce”, publishing articles on Impressionism and on Medardo Rosso. In 1913 he founded “Lacerba”. He participated in the exhibitions held by the Futurists Monographic museum displaying ARCHIVIO DI STATO in Italy and abroad until, having left for the front, he was wounded twice and works by the artist dating from 1904 Viale della Giovine Italia, 6 decorated for bravery. In 1920 Soffici held a solo exhibition in Florence, with to 1962. www.archiviodistato.firenze.it

Cubist-Futurist paintings and works reminiscent of Cezanne, and in Milan at Ardengo Soffici’s personal archive. the Galleria Belvedere with Carlo Carrà. Called to Rome to direct “Il Corriere  PRATO Italiano”, in 1939 he was appointed Academic of Italy. In 1944 he was arrested and taken to the Murate prison in Florence and then to Collescipoli, near Terni, MUSEO CIVICO where he painted landscapes using whatever materials he could find. In 1946 Piazza del Comune he resumed his career. In 1951 he started publishing The Self-portrait of an www.palazzopretorio.prato.it Italian Artist within the context of his time, for which he was awarded the * Miracle of St. Francis Premio Marzotto in 1955. He died on 19 August 1964 in Versilia and was buried 1933, fresco. in the cemetery of Poggio a Caiano. 200 Discovery il tribolo t

 FLORENCE  POGGIO A CAIANO (PO)

MUSEO DEL BARGELLO VILLA LA PETRAIA VILLA MEDICEA Via del Proconsolo, 4 Via della Petraia, 40 Piazza dei Medici, 14 www.bargellomusei.beniculturali.it www.polomuseale.firenze.it www.polomuseale.firenze.it

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY * Allegory of Fiesole Fountain of Fiorenza Stables pietra serena. with Pierino da Vinci 1545-1548, with Baccio Bigio. Pan, Allegories of Day, Dawn and Twilight ORTO BOTANICO DETTO il tribolo terracotta. GIARDINO DEI SEMPLICI  PISA (Florence, 1500 – 1550) Via Micheli, 3 CAMPOSANTO MONUMENTALE t GALLERIA PALATINA www.ortobotanicoitalia.it ARCHITECT, SCULPTOR Piazza del Duomo, 17 PALAZZO PITTI Garden www.opapisa.it Piazza de' Pitti, 1 Niccolò Pericoli, known as Tribolo, trained as a stone mason with Nanni Ungh- 1550, the project. www.polomuseale.firenze.it * Funerary monument to Bartolo- ero and absorbed the influence of Michelangelo, drawing inspiration from him meo Medici Boy with a Goose for certain elegant, dynamic compositions, and from Jacopo Sansovino, from MUSEO DI CASA BUONARROTI 1555. whom he took a certain picturesque quality. Vestibule of the Scalone Del Moro. Via Ghibellina, 70 www.casabuonarroti.it In the 1520s he was in Pisa, collaborating with Stagio Stagi and the Fancelli MUSEO DELL’OPERA DEL DUOMO GIARDINO DI BOBOLI on the San Biagio altar in the Cathedral; also dating from this time is the al- Orpheus, in wax. Piazza del Duomo, 23 legorical statue of Mother Nature now in the Louvre. In the early 1530s he took PALAZZO PITTI www.opapisa.it Piazza de' Pitti, 1 part in the decorative work on the Holy House of Loreto in collaboration with www.polomuseale.firenze.it PORTA DE’ MEDICI marble. Angel, Sansovino. Upon returning to Florence, Tribolo collaborated with Michelangelo Via delle Porte Sante

on the New Sacristy in the church of San Lorenzo, modelling a statue of the Old core of the garden, project Medicean coat of arms PALAZZO GIULI ROSSELMINI Earth in plaster. In 1536 he worked on the temporary decorations for the en- GUALANDI trance into the city of Emperor Charles V (figures of Rivers and Hercules). He VILLA MEDICEA DI CASTELLO Lungarno Gambacorti, 6 Via di Castello, 47 VILLA CORSINI was then named court architect by Cosimo I de’ Medici, in charge of gardens www.polomuseale.firenze.it Via della Petraia, 38 Harpy riding a Toad in particular: Boboli, Castello, the Botanical Garden, which he designed and Facade, remodelling River God sandstone. equipped with a water system to supply the basins, damp artificial grottoes and fountains, often designed and decorated by him (like the scenographic * Garden, project of the Animals, or the Fountains of Venus-Fiorenza, constructed in Base of the Fountain of Hercules BIBLIOTECA LAURENZIANA Piazza San Lorenzo, 9  PONTREMOLI close collaboration with Giambologna and Pierino da Vinci). and Antheus * Grotto of the Animals, project www.bmlonline.it As a garden architect Tribolo established the prototype Italian Mannerist CHIESA DELLA SS.MA ANNUNZIATA garden, profoundly influencing garden design all over Europe; as sculptor, he and decoration Floor of the Reading Room via Nazionale 1545 project implemented by Santi Buglioni. developed a style of great freshness and tender humanity which distinguishes Octagonal tempietto, 1527. it amid the ranks of post-Michelangelesque Florentine sculptors. 202 Discovery paolo uccello u

 FLORENCE  PRATO

CONVENTO DI S. MARCO GALLERIA DEGLI UFFIZI CATTEDRALE DI S. STEFANO Piazza S. Marco Piazzale degli Uffizi, 6 Piazza del Duomo

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY www.polomuseale.firenze.it www.uffizi.it ** Cardinal Virtues (ceiling), Virgin and Child ** Nativity of Mary and Presenta- 1420 ca., fresco. 1438-1440. tion in the Temple (right wall), Christ in Pietà among the Grievers St. Monica and two children in Disputation of St. Stephen (left 1452, tempera on wood. prayer wall), St. Paul, St. Jerome, St. 1440 ca., tempera on wood, Francis and St. Dominic (under u fragment of a lost panel painting. BASILICA DI S. MARIA NOVELLA the arch) Piazza S. Maria Novella, 18 1433-1434, fresco, www.smn.it BASILICA DELLA SS. ANNUNZIATA Cappella dell’Assunta. Piazza SS. Annunziata paolo uccello Creation of the Animals, of Adam, www.annunziata.xoom.it Eve, Original Sin (pratovecchio, 1397 – Florence, 1475) 1430, Chiostro verde. Annunciation PAINTER ** The Flood, the Drunkenness of 1450-1455, fresco in terra verde. Noah Paolo di Dono, known as Paolo Uccello, nicknamed for his love of birds, trained 1440, frescoes in terra verde, CHIESA DI S. MINIATO AL MONTE by collaborating with Lorenzo Ghiberti on the North Door of the Florentine Chiostro verde. Via delle Porte Sante, 34 www.sanminiatoalmonte.it Baptistery. After a long stay in Venice, from 1425 to 1430, he frescoed the chapel of the Assunta in the Prato Cathedral with Stories of the Virgin and St. CATTEDRALE DI S. MARIA DEL FIORE Stephen. In 1436 he was commissioned to fresco the Equestrian Monument to CHIOSTRO DEL PALAZZO DEI Piazza del Duomo VESCOVI Giovanni Acuto in the Florence Cathedral, where he later painted the clock on www.ilgrandemuseodelduomo.it Scenes from the Lives of the the inner facade and provided cartoons for the stained glass windows in the * Equestrian Monument to Father Saints tambour. 1461, frescoes. Lionardo Bartolini Salimbeni commissioned three paintings from him, among Giovanni Acuto 1436, fresco on canvas. them , now in the Uffizi. He participated in frescoing Heads of Prophets GALLERIA DELL’ACCADEMIA the Green Cloister in the monastery of Santa Maria Novella in Florence, paint- 1443, fresco, around the clock on the via Ricasoli, 58/60 ing bold perspective scenes of some Stories from Genesis. While his paint- inner facade. www.galleriaaccademiafirenze. ing shows nostalgia for the Late Gothic world, his superb use of perspective beniculturali.it Nativity and Resurrection makes him a true Renaissance artist. 1443-1444, cartoons for stained-glass Thebaid windows. 1465, tempera on wood.

204 Discovery giorgio vasari v

 AREZZO CHIESA DELLA SS. TRINITÀ O * PIAZZA GRANDE DELLA MISERICORDIA Via Garibaldi Loggias, 1572-1574. ** CASA VASARI Via XX Settembre, 55 www.museistataliarezzo.it. Standard with the Holy Trinity  GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY and St. Bernard, St. Francis and POPPI (AR) St. Augustine (recto) * MUSEO STATALE D’ARTE 1572, oil on canvas. * MONASTERO DI CAMALDOLI MEDIEVALE E MODERNA Chiesa dei SS. Donato ed Ilariano Via San Lorentino, 8 www.museistataliarezzo.it CHIESA DELLA SS. ANNUNZIATA Virgin and Child with St. John the Via Giuseppe Garibaldi, 185 Baptist and St. Jerome giorgio vasari The Banquet of Ester and Assuerus 1537, oil on wood. v 1548, oil on wood. * Deposition from the Cross (arezzo, 1511 – Florence, 1574) Nativity or Adoration of the Compagnia di San Rocco Altarpiece 1536-1537, oil on wood. Shepherds PAINTER, ARCHITECT, ART HISTORIAN, WRITER with the Virgin and Child, Six Saints 1538, oil on wood ** BADIA DELLE SANTE FLORA and the Eternal Father and predella Altarpiece with the Deposition Vasari was one of the most influential personages on the Italian scene in the 1536-1537, oil on wood. E LUCILLA of Christ 16th century. His architectural masterpiece is undoubtedly the Uffizi, with Double standard of the Compa- Piazza della Badia, 3 1539-1540, accompanied by side panels the Gallery and the Corridor, constructed ‘above the river as if in the air’, gnia di San Rocco with St. Roch 1565, restoration of the interior. and predella, oil on wood, with St. Do- whose beauty, elegance and modernity are as estimable as its modular, ra- visiting plague victims (verso) natus and St. Hilarianus, St Benedict tional construction. and St. Roch (recto) PIEVE DI and St. Romuald. 1568, oil on canvas. In the introduction to his historical work, The Lives of the Most Excellent Corso Italia, 7 Abraham visited by the Angels, Painters, Sculptors and Architects, published in two editions in 1550 and in verso of the Standard for the 1560, remodelling.  MONTE SAN SAVINO (AR) 1568 and dedicated to Cosimo I de’ Medici, the author states that ‘the his- Compagnia della SS. Trinità tory of art was made by the Florentines and Tuscans’. He then wrote the Rea- 1570-1572. * MUSEO DIOCESANO D’ARTE SACRA * CHIESA SANT’AGOSTINO sonings, published in 1588. But Vasari was also the painter of great cycles Piazza di Monte Standard for the Compagnia di Piazza del Duomo, 1 - www.diocesiarezzo.it of frescoes, panel paintings on wood, canvas and silk, and of the Accademia S. Giovanni Battista. Altarpiece with The Assumption delle Arti del Disegno, founded in 1563. He was, then, the Medicean princi- Standard of the Fraternita di San- ta Maria with the Madonna della of the Virgin with St. Augustine pality’s minister of culture from the end of the republic to the beginning of CATTEDRALE DEI SANTI PIETRO Misericordia and St. Romuald and predella the autocracy. And it was just at the Uffizi that the first great ‘modern’ mu- E DONATO 1560 ca., oil on silk. 1539, oil on wood. seum was born, with its gallery of statues, its paintings and drawings. Not Piazza Duomo Standard of the Compagnia di S. Gio- to speak of the artist’s houses, in Arezzo and Florence, testimonials to the Base of organ vanni with the Preaching of John the CHIESA SANTA CHIARA extraordinary personality of a man who amazed the world, accepting the 1534-1536, design. Baptist and the Baptism of Christ Piazza Gamurrini challenge, two years before his death, of frescoing the Last Judgement on Wooden choirstalls in the Cappella 1548-1549, oil on canvas. Prophets and Saints the ceiling of Brunelleschi’s Cupola. Maggiore - 1554, design, implemen- Three paintings portraying King David 1535, fresco. ted by Giuliano di Baccio d’Agnolo. oil on wood. 206 Discovery giorgio v vasari

 LUCIGNANO (AR)  SIENA  FIGLINE VALDARNO (FI)

SANTUARIO DI SANTA MARIA COLLEZIONE CHIGI SARACINI CATTEDRALE DI SANTA MARIA GALLERIA PALATINA MUSEO DEL CENACOLO DI OSPEDALE SERRISTORI DELLAQUERCE ACCADEMIA MUSICALE CHIGIANA DEL FIORE PALAZZO PITTI ANDREA DEL SARTO Piazza XXV Aprile, 10 Via della Cellina, 14 Via di Città, 89 - www.chigiana.it Piazza del Duomo Piazza de’ Pitti, 1 Via di San Salvi, 16 www.ilgrandemuseodelduomo.it www.polomuseale.firenze.it Last Supper Overall rebuilding Pietà Abraham visited by Three Angels 1567-1569, oil on wood, 1542, oil on wood. * Last Judgement Prayer in the Garden, Patience 1550 ca., oil on canvas. Nuns’ Refectory. 1572-1574, frescoes, completed by 1552, oil on canvas.

 CASTIGLION PINACOTECA NAZIONALE Federico Zuccari, Cupola. * BASILICA DI SANTA CROCE  FIORENTINO (AR) Via San Pietro, 29 GABINETTO DISEGNI E STAMPE Piazza Santa Croce PRATO www.pinacotecanazionale.siena.it PALAZZO VECCHIO DEGLI UFFIZI www.santacroceopera.it CHIESA DI SANT’AGOSTINO CHIESA DI SAN FRANCESCO Piazza della Signoria Resurrection Architectural work with the addition Piazza Sant’Agostino, 19 Via Alessandro Codivilla www.museicivicifiorentini.comune.fi.it * BADIA FIORENTINA 1550, oil on wood. Via del Proconsolo of altars and altarpieces on the Virgin of Consolation and Saints Virgin and Child with St. Anne, Decoration of Michelozzo’s courtyard subject of the Passion along the walls of the naves, with his collaborators. oil on wood, with the hand of Naldini. 1565, frescoes and . Assumption of the Virgin and Saints St. Silvestre the Pope and St.  FLORENCE Decoration of rooms on the 1st 1568 ca., oil on wood. Francis of Assisi The Crucifixion, Incredulity of and 2nd floor 1548, oil on wood. St. Thomas, Going to Calvary  PISTOIA * CASA VASARI 1566-1571, Apartment of Leo X, Salone * CHIESA DEI SS. APOSTOLI 1572, oil on wood. Ciborium, gilt wood, Borgo Santa Croce, 8. del Cinquecento with Allegories of Piazzetta del Limbo at the end of the transept, realised by BASILICA DELLA MADONNA  CORTONA (AR) Florentine stories. Allegory of the Immaculate Nigetti. DELL’UMILTÀ ** UFFIZI E CORRIDOIO VASARIANO ** Monumental stairway to the Salo- Via della Madonna Conception Last Supper ORATORIO DEL GESÙ ne dei Cinquecento. Stairway to the architectural realisation 1541, oil on wood. 1546, oil on wood. mezzanine and the Apartments on Cupola Sacrifices, Virtues, Transfigura- Self-portrait the second floor. Frescoed decoration 1562, architectural work. tion, Conversion of Saul, Jesus 1566-1568, oil on wood. * CHIESA DELLA SS. ANNUNZIATA * BASILICA DI SANTA MARIA on the walls with Three Stories of the in Limbo Basilica della SS. Annunziata NOVELLA Conquest of Pisa and Three Stories of 1554-1555, preparatory drawings, * GALLERIA DEGLI UFFIZI www.annunziata.xoom.it Piazza Santa Maria Novella  PISA the Conquest of Siena implemented by Doceno. Piazzale degli Uffizi, 6 www.smn.it 1563-1565, fresco, with collaborators. St. Luke painting a Portrait of the www.uffizi.it CHIESA DI SANTO STEFANO DEI ** Decoration of the Apartment Virgin Rebuilding CAVALIERI

 of Leo X, the Apartment of the 1567, fresco, Cappella di San Luca. Piazza dei Cavalieri FOIANO DELLA CHIANA Portrait of Lorenzo de’ Medici Crucifixion 1534, oil on wood. Elements, the Apartment of 1567 ca., oil on wood. TEMPIO DI S. STEFANO ALLA Portrait of Duke Alessandro dei Eleonora di Toledo CHIESA DI SANTA MARIA DEL Martyrdom of St. Stephen Resurrection 1571-1572, oil on wood. VITTORIA 1555–1575 ca., fresco, oil and on wood, CARMINE Medici 1468, oil on wood. Località Pozzo della Chiana 1534, oil on wood. with other artists. Piazza del Carmine Madonna of the Rosary 1561. ** Vulcan’s Forge Crucifixion 1468 ca., oil on wood, with Zucchi. 1564, oil on copper. 1570-1575, with other artists. 1560 ca., oil on wood.

Discovery il vecchietta v

 SIENA  MONTALCINO (SI)

COMPLESSO MUSEALE DI SANTA PALAZZO PUBBLICO MUSEO CIVICO E DIOCESANO MARIA DELLA SCALA Piazza del Campo, 1 Via Ricasoli, 31 Piazza del Duomo, 1 www.comune.siena.it

GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY www.santamariadellascala.com * Virgin and Child with Angels * St. Catherine of Siena 1470 ca., tempera on wood. ** The Vision of the Blessed 1461, fresco, Sala del Mappamondo.

Sorore 1441, fresco, Sala del Pellegrinaio. PINACOTECA NAZIONALE  FLORENCE ** Christ Risen Again Via San Pietro, 29 1476, bronze, www.pinacotecanazionale.siena.it GALLERIA DEGLI UFFIZI v Chiesa della Santissima Annunziata. Piazzale degli Uffizi, 6 * Arliquiera www.uffizi.it * Frescoes Sacrestia vecchia. 1445, tempera on wood. ** Polyptych with Virgin and * Virgin and Child with Saints 1457, tempera on wood. DUOMO Child with Saints il vecchietta 1477-1480, tempera on wood. (Siena, 1410 – 1480) Piazza del Duomo MUSEO NAZIONALE DEL BARGELLO www.operaduomo.siena.it Via del Proconsolo, 4 PAINTER, SCULPTOR  PIENZA (SI) www.bargellomusei.beniculturali.it ** Ciborium Lorenzo di Pietro known as Vecchietta held various offices in the City of Sie- 1467-1472, bronze DUOMO * St. Bernardine na. From 1428 he was enrolled in the Painters’s Guild; from 1440, documents Piazza Pio II 1475 ca., wooden statue. BATTISTERO * Funerary Monument to and works signed by him abound. His first fresco in Siena is in the Sala del Pel- ** Altarpiece of the Assumption Mariano Sozzini legrinaio at the Hospital of S. Maria della Scala, although he had already wor- * Apostles, Prophets and Sybils 1460-1463, tempera on wood. 1467, bronze (attributed) ked at Castiglione Olona (Varese) collaborating with Masolino. Other works 1450, frescoes. by him in Siena are found, in addition to the hospital of S. Maria della Scala, in * Articles of the Creed and others the Baptistery, in Palazzo Comunale and in the Pinacoteca Nazionale. 1447-1453, frescoes. MUSEO DIOCESANO D’ARTE SACRA  LUCCA His first sculptures are the marble St. Peter and St. Paul for the Loggia dei Piazza S. Francesco Mercanti in Siena. His works in bronze are important too: the tomb figure of LOGGIA DELLA MERCANZIA MUSEO NAZIONALE DI VILLA Via di Città, 3 * Virgin and Child with Saints GUINIGI Mariano Sozzini and The Risen Christ, as well as the ciborium of the main al- tar in the Siena Cathdral coming from Santa Maria della Scala. In addition, to 1463 ca., tempera on wood. Via della Quarquonia ** St. Peter and St. Paul www.luccamuseinazionali.it these, figures in polychrome wood for San Frediano at Lucca. On his activity 1458-1462, marble. as architect and military engineer, the documents show that Siena commis- ** Dormitio Virginis sioned him several times to work on the fortifications of Orbetello, Monte 1477-1480, group of wooden statues.

Acuto, Talamone and Sarteano.

210 Discovery andrea del verrocchio v

 FLORENCE

BASILICA DI SAN LORENZO MUSEO DELL’OPERA DEL DUOMO GALLERIA DEGLI UFFIZI Piazza San Lorenzo, 9 piazza del Duomo, 9 Piazzale degli Uffizi, 6 GREAT ARTISTSGREAT IN TUSCANY www.operamedicealaurenziana.org www.ilgrandemuseodelduomo.it www.uffizi.it

Lavabo * Beheading of John the Baptist Marsyas 1465, marble. 1477-1480, silver and enamel. 1470, marble. Funerary Monument to Cosimo * Baptism of Christ de’ Medici CATTEDRALE DI 1474-1475, oil and tempera on wood, 1467, marble, porphyry, bronze etc. SANTA MARIA DEL FIORE with Leonardo da Vinci and others. v * Funerary Monument to Piero Piazza del Duomo and Giovanni de’ Medici www.ilgrandemuseodelduomo.it 1472, marble, bronze, porphyry.  PISTOIA Gilt bronze ball on top of the cupola CATTEDRALE DI SAN ZENO andrea del verrocchio MUSEO NAZIONALE DEL BARGELLO (Florence , 1435 – venice, 1488) 1470. Piazza Duomo via del Proconsolo, 4 www.diocesipistoia.it www.museodelbargello.it SCULPTOR, PAINTER, GOLDSMITH MUSEO DI ORSANMICHELE ** Madonna di Piazza ** David via dell’Arte della Lana 1474-1486, tempera on wood, Sculptor, painter, and goldsmith, Andrea di Michele, known as Verrocchio, 1472-1475 ca., bronze. www.beniculturali.it with Lorenzo di Credi and others was born in Florence on the corner of Via dell’Agnolo and Via de’ Macci. He ** Lady with a Bouquet * The Incredulity of St. Thomas ** Monument to Cardinal mastered different techniques, and in his atelier trained great artists such 1475 ca., marble. 1483, bronze. Fonteguerri as Leonardo da Vinci, Botticelli, Domenico Ghirlandaio and Perugino. His wor- Crucifix completed by other artists after 1488 ks have a complex style based on motion, an enveloping chiaroscuro, and a a (attr.) 1470-1480 ca., wood, stucco, plaster, canvas. PALAZZO VECCHIO striking manner of positioning figures in space. His art shows echoes of Pol- Bust of Piero di Lorenzo de’ Medici Piazza della Signoria laiolo, Donatello, and Desiderio da Settignano. His pictorial works are rarer terracotta. www.museicivicifiorentini.comune.fi.it than his sculptures. Verrocchio died in Venice in 1488, where he had gone to Resurrection of Christ * Putto with a Dolphin sculpt the Equestrian Monument to Bartolomeo Colleoni, and was buried in 1470 ca., polychrome terracotta 1470 ca., bronze, coming from a the church of Sant’Ambrogio in Florence. Madonna of Santa Maria Nuova fountain in the garden of the An itinerary through Tuscany is concentrated in the shadow of that dome 1475-1478, terracotta. Medicean Villa of Careggi. on which he placed the golden sphere, but in Pistoia there is a fine painting Tombstone of Francesca Tornabuoni 1477, marble. depicting the Virgin and Child with Saints, probably done with the collabora- tion of Lorenzo di Credi.

212 Editorial project: Librì progetti educativi e Toscana Promozione Turistica In collaboration with: Centro Guide Turismo Florence e Toscana Editor: M. Cristina Zannoner Editorial coordination: Roberta Masselli Scientific coordination: Mario Carniani The texts are by: Mario Carniani, Enzo Emilio Cusumano, Alberto Desideri, Marco Edigati, Guia Fantuzzi, Sara Innocenti, Antonella Massa, Andrea Padovano, Duccio Pieri, Ilaria Taddei, Elisa Tagliaferri, Rita Tambone Translation: Catherine Frost – Editing: Fabio Leocata Graphics and pagination: Tommaso Vignoli Technical Department: Michele Andreuccetti

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