Progrès De La Connaissance Du Congo, Du Rwanda Et Du Burundi De 1993 À 2008
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Congo : Revue Gnrale De La Colonie Belge = Congo : Algemeen
Troisième année. Tome I. Février 1922 N° 2. CONQ Revue générale Algemeen tijdschrift de la Colonie belge van de Belgische Kolonie Directeurs : V. DENYN et Ed. DE JONGHE. SOMMAIRE : B. TANGHE. Vexploration de VUbangi (188 i 1891) . 161 D r J. MAES .... Armes de jet des populations du Congo Belge 181 L. BITTREMIEUX en J.LESTAEGHE . Godsdienstbegrippen bij de JSkundus van 't Leopoldmeer 194 J. P. et F. D . Le Çopal (suite et fin) p. 208 MÉLANGES :. Histoire et Politique coloniale : Le refpect des coutumes indigènes, p.-240. — Le foyer mono- gamique, p. 244. — L'évolution des Races et la Sociologie Coloniale, p. 251. — Les Colonies allemandes et l'Angleterre, p 253. — La rupture des négociations anglo-égyptiennes, p. 256. — Questions économiques : La concentration des intérêts coloniaux belges, 258. ASSOCIATION POUR LE PERFECTIONNEMENT DU MATÉRIEL COLONIAL. Le moteur Ruston à haute comj>ression à démarrage à froid, alimenté à l'huile de palme par il. Isbecque, Industriel, p. 263. — Destruction des eaux résiduaires, Système « Beattie » par M. Serin, ingénieur anglais, p 272. — Des amballages au Congo, p. 276. — Importance actuelle des plantations d'Elaeis au Congo Belge et utilisation des bois durs tropicaux, par M. Lepeae, p. 280. RENSEIGNEMENTS DE L'OFFICE COLONIAL DU MINISTÈRE DES COLONIES : Commerce et industrie : Rapport sur la situation du marché des produits coloniaux, à Anvers, p. 285. — Informations : La réclame commerciale au Congo Belge, p. 299. — Les essences de parfumerie au Congo, p. 301 — Commerce extérieur de la Colonie, - p. 302. — Brevets : p. 308. — Marques de Fabrique ou de Commerce : p. 310. Avis d'adjudications : p. -
Immunization Financing News
VOL. 5, ISSUE 4, DECEMBER 2013 Immunization Financing News Quarterly news from the Sustainable Immunization Financing (SIF) Program J VOL. 5, ISSUE 4, DECEMBER 2013 SIERRA LEONE HOSTS A Over 40 MPs attended the briefing, which was opened by the Deputy Speaker of Parliament, Hon. SYMPOSIUM FOR Chernoh BAH. Peer exchangers from Liberia were PARLIAMENTARIANS ON also in attendance and shared their experiences SUSTAINABLE IMMUNIZATION establishing a Parliamentary Immunization Forum and drafting amendments related to immunization in FINANCING their Public Health Act. Sierra Leone’s parliamentarians (MPs) are driving progress on immunization goals within their country. Yet many MPs who were instrumental in defending immunization budgets and pushing forward legislation were not re-elected this year. To ensure continued progress, the Parliamentary Health and Sanitation Committee organized a parliamentary briefing on sustainable immunization financing and invited all MPs.new and old, to attend in order to learn more about immunization and the EPI Program. Dr Kenneh, Sierra Leone's new EPI Manager, describing Sierra Leone’s new EPI manager, Dr Mohammed the progress achieved in immunization at the Parliamentary Symposium. KENNEH, used the opportunity to brief the MPs on progress achieved by the country’s EPI program, the The UN country team also used the briefing as an newer vaccines that are being introduced and opportunity to acquaint the MPs with the vaccine coverage levels district by district. He commitments undertaken by Sierra Leone within the identified the program’s needs and asked the MPs to Global Vaccine Action Plan -- a framework be ready to defend the EPI budget for 2014, which approved by the World Health Assembly in May has recently been submitted for approval to 2012 to achieve a set of six strategic immunization parliament. -
Unilever Annual Report 1951
UNILEVER TRANSLATION OF ANNUAL REPORT AND STATEMENT OF ACCOUNTS 1951 UNILEVER N+V+ DIRECTORS PAUL RIJKENS Chairman SIR GEOFFREY HEYWORTH Vice-Chairman e. M. G. DE BAAT JAMES LAURENCE HEYWORTH JAMES P. VAN DEN BERGH ROGER HARDMAN HEYWORTH SIDNEY J. VAN DEN BERGH RALPH ESTILL HUFFAM CHARLES HUGH CLARKE RUDOLF G. JURGENS GEORGE JAMES COLE FRANCIS DAVID MORRELL SIR HERBERT DAVIS FRANK SAMUEL W. A. FAURE A. E. J. SIMON THOMAS JOHN HENRY HANSARD ARTHUR HENRY SMITH HAROLD HARTOG F. J. TEMPEL ADVISORY DIRECTORS J. M. HONIG JHR. J. A. G. SANDBERG RUDOLF JURGENS H. L. WOLTERSOM K. P. VAN DER MANDELE SECRETARY E. A. HOFMAN AUDITORS PRICE WATERHOUSE & Co. COOP&R BROTHERS & Co. 3 i CONTENTS Unilever .N.V., the Dutch Company, is referred to as ccN.V.’y Unilever Limited, the English Company, is referred to as “LIMITED.” They are referred to jointly as cc The Parent Companies.” 8. PAGE SALIENT POINTS 6 REPORT OF THE DIRECTORS 7-17 TURNOVER CHARTS 18 FINANCIAL CHARTS 19 CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS 20-2 1 CONSOLIDATED PROFIT AND LOSS ACCOUNTS 22-23 APPROPRIATION OF PROFITS 24-25 REPORTS OF THE AUDITORS 24-25 CAPITAL AND REVENUE RESERVES AND EXCHANGE SURPLUSES 26 LAND, BUILDINGS, PLANTATIONSy SHIPS, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT 27 BALANCE SHEET-N.V. 28-29 BALANCE SHEET-LIMITED 30-3 1 TURNOVER 32 PENSIONS 32 SUMMARY OF CONSOLIDATED FIGURES, 1945-19 33 5 i SALIENT POINTS J1 All &pres relate to the N. V. and LIMITED GroupJ combined; details are set out in the accompanying Statements and should be considered in conjunction with tke Notes thereon. -
Les Débuts De La Société Anonyme Des Huileries Du Congo Belge (HUILEVER) A.-B
Les débuts de la Société anonyme des Huileries du Congo belge (HUILEVER) A.-B. ERGO Les circonstances qui présidèrent à la constitution de la Société des Huileries du Congo belge méritent d’être rappelées. La baisse qui avait atteint depuis quelques années les caoutchoucs congolais avait porté un coup fatal à cette branche de l’économie, jusqu’alors la plus importante du commerce de la colonie. Il fallait donc trouver de nouvelles activités en accord avec la transformation du régime par la Charte coloniale de 1908 qui préconisait la création d’entreprises déterminées à valoriser les richesses naturelles et à procurer du travail aux indigènes. Le Congo, qui était par excellence le pays de l’huile, n’en exportait que sous forme de produits simples et en trop petites quantités. Une industrie était donc à créer qui offrait des perspectives considérables pour développer la vie économique de grandes régions et pour élever, en conséquence, le niveau social des habitants de ces régions. La Société Lever Brothers Limited, qui s’occupait déjà de diverses exploitations en Sierra Leone, dans la Gold Coast et au Liberia, avait entamé des pourparlers avec le Gouvernement Colonial belge au sujet de l’exploitation des produits du palmier à huile au Congo. Ces conversations aboutirent à une convention conclue entre les deux parties le 21 février 1911 et reprise dans le rapport adopté le premier avril 1911 par le Conseil Colonial qui expose en outre, les clauses qu’elle comporte et la discussion qu’elle suscita. Il est à remarquer que cette convention accorde à la société Lever, dans des conditions précises, une concession de terres domaniales dont la superficie excède la limite fixée par l’article 15 de la Charte Coloniale. -
An Edible Oil for the World: Malaysian and Indonesian Competition in The
13 An edible oil for the world Malaysian and Indonesian competition in the palm oil trade, 1945–2000 Susan Martin Introduction The story of the palm oil trade since 1945 is a remarkable tale of technical innovation, cut-throat competition and the successful construction of new inter- Asian trading relationships. This chapter will focus on the trade dimension, but it should be clearly understood at the outset that beneath the dramatic and highly visible pattern of the sea change in trading networks lies a groundswell of profound transformation in both end uses and palm oil production methods. In the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, palm oil had its place in the British imperial economic order as an industrial commodity, used as a flux in tinplating; as an ingredient in soap and candle making; and only to a very limited extent for edible purposes (Lynn (1997); Martin (1988), p. 28). In West Africa, the first region to develop a palm oil export trade, the oil was a staple ingredient in the local diet, but European visitors regarded it as an exotic curiosity (B.O.W.K. (1925)). By the 1920s it was clear that the oil had a potential food application outside Africa in the margarine and compound lard industries. However these industries, which were in any case better developed in the United States of America than in Europe, required bland, pale oils – and palm oil in its natural state is dark red, strongly flavoured and heavily aromatic (Lim (1967), pp. 130–2; Khera (1976), pp. 228–30; Moll (1987), p. -
Edible Ohs: a Proposed Project in United States
EDIBLE OHS: A PROPOSED PROJECT IN UNITED STATES - LIBERIAN ECONOMIC COORDINATION A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF ATLANTA UNIVERSITY IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BY STEPHEN JOHNSON SCHOOL OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION ATLANTA, GEORGIA JUNE 1950 ii 3 *=> TABLE OF CONTENTS Part I Page INTRODUCTION vi General Review vi Arrangement of Subject Matter vii Source and Presentation of Data .... ix Chapter I. EDIBLE OILS 1 Composition or Structure 1 Derivation 1 Physical Properties 2 Chemistry of Fats . 3 Scope of the Central Theme 4 II. REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF PRIMARY SOURCES AND THEIR CULTIVATION 5 III. THE EDIBLE OIL AS A COMMODITY OF COMMERCE. 19 Size and Constitution of the Industry . 19 1949 United States Production 23 Prices 26 United Kingdom Edible Oil Situation . 26 International Trade in Edible Oils. • . 33 IV. ASSESSMENT OF THE EDIBLE OIL AS AN ECONOMIC COMMODITY 40 V. HISTORICAL SKETCH OF THE UNITED AFRICA COM¬ PANY (SUBSIDIARY OF LEVER BROTHERS), PRI¬ MARILY AS PRODUCERS AND DEALERS IN EDIBLE OIL 61 Part II I. LIBERIA IN INTERNATIONAL TRADE 66 II. SOCIO-POLITICAL STRUCTURE OF LIBERIA .... 71 III. PREVAILING ECONOMIC PATTERN OF LIBERIA ... 78 IV. LIBERIAN EDIBLE OIL PROJECT 87 iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Or Page JUSTIFICATION OF DIVISION OF FUNCTIONS: LIBERIAN FARMERS COOPERATIVE - AMERICAN CORPORATE MANUFACTURING ENTERPRISE 97 AZX 104 I. Excerpt a from G. W. Brown’a Economic "Plantation, Capitalism, Loans and Forced Labor * 104 II. Friendship, Commerce and Navigation Treaty Between the United States and Liberia 107 III. Principles Applying to Mutual Aid for Defense Agreement Between the United States and Liberia 120 IV. -
Religion, Nationalism, and Everyday Performance in Congo
GESTURE AND POWER The Religious Cultures of African and African Diaspora People Series editors: Jacob K. Olupona, Harvard University Dianne M. Stewart, Emory University and Terrence L. Johnson, Georgetown University The book series examines the religious, cultural, and political expres- sions of African, African American, and African Caribbean traditions. Through transnational, cross- cultural, and multidisciplinary approaches to the study of religion, the series investigates the epistemic boundaries of continental and diasporic religious practices and thought and explores the diverse and distinct ways African- derived religions inform culture and politics. The series aims to establish a forum for imagining the centrality of Black religions in the formation of the “New World.” GESTURE AND POWER Religion, Nationalism, and Everyday Performance in Congo Yolanda Covington- Ward Duke University Press Durham and London 2016 © 2016 Duke University Press All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America on acid- free paper ♾ Typeset in Minion Pro and Avenir by Graphic Composition, Inc., Bogart, Georgia Library of Congress Cataloging- in-Publication Data Covington-Ward, Yolanda, [date] author. Gesture and power : religion, nationalism, and everyday performance in Congo / Yolanda Covington-Ward. pages cm—(The religious cultures of African and African diaspora people) Includes bibliographical references and index. isbn 978-0-8223-6020-9 (hardcover: alk. paper) isbn 978-0-8223-6036-0 (pbk. : alk. paper) isbn 978-0-8223-7484-8 (e-book) 1. Kongo (African people)—Communication. 2. Body language—Congo (Democratic Republic) 3. Dance—Social aspects—Congo (Democratic Republic) I. Title. II. Series: Religious cultures of African and African diaspora people. 394—dc23 2015020742 Cover art: Weighing of the spirit (bascule) in worship service, dmna Church, Luozi, 2010. -
Returns on Investments During the Colonial Era: the Case of Congo
DISCUSSION PAPER / 2006.07 Returns on Investments during the Colonial Era: The Case of Congo Frans Buelens Stefaan Marysse Comments on this Discussion Paper are invited. Please contact the authors at <[email protected]> or <[email protected]> Instituut voor Ontwikkelingsbeleid en -Beheer Institute of Development Policy and Management Institut de Politique et de Gestion du Développement Instituto de Política y Gestión del Desarrollo Venusstraat 35, B-2000 Antwerpen België - Belgium - Belgique - Bélgica Tel: +32 (0)3 220 49 98 Fax: +32 (0)3 220 44 81 e-mail: [email protected] http://www.ua.ac.be/dev DISCUSSION PAPER / 2006.07 Returns on Investments during the Colonial Era: The Case of Congo Returns on Investments during the Colonial Era: The Case of Congo Frans Buelens* Stefaan Marysse** April 2006 * Frans Buelens is a researcher at the Faculty of Applied Economics, University of Antwerp. ** Stefaan Marysse is a professor at the Institute of Development Policy and Management (IOB), University of Antwerp. CONTENTS Abstract 3 Résumé 3 Introduction 5 Section 1 5 Section 2 8 Section 3 12 Section 4 15 Section 5 21 Section 6 27 Section 7 28 Appendix 1. 29 References 30 ABSTRacT Returns on Investments during the Colonial Era: The Case of Congo Before the First World War a global wave of for- eign direct investment materialised. Belgium participated in it on a global scale but after the War a shift towards the Belgian colony (Congo) was observed. With regard to these colonial in- vestments, it is commonly argued that higher (expected) profit rates were a strong incentive, although others propose that the colonial powers actually lost money on their overseas posses- sions. -
Vaccines: the Week in Review
Vaccines and Global Health: The Week in Review 13 February 2016 Center for Vaccine Ethics & Policy (CVEP) This weekly digest targets news, events, announcements, articles and research in the vaccine and global health ethics and policy space and is aggregated from key governmental, NGO, international organization and industry sources, key peer-reviewed journals, and other media channels. This summary proceeds from the broad base of themes and issues monitored by the Center for Vaccine Ethics & Policy in its work: it is not intended to be exhaustive in its coverage. Vaccines and Global Health: The Week in Review is also posted in pdf form and as a set of blog posts at http://centerforvaccineethicsandpolicy.wordpress.com/. This blog allows full-text searching of over 8,000 entries. Comments and suggestions should be directed to David R. Curry, MS Editor and Executive Director Center for Vaccine Ethics & Policy [email protected] Request an email version: Vaccines and Global Health: The Week in Review is published as a single email summary, scheduled for release each Saturday evening before midnight (EDT in the U.S.). If you would like to receive the email version, please send your request to [email protected]. Contents [click on link below to move to associated content] Zika/WHO Executive Board A. Zika; Ebola/EVD; Polio; MERS-Cov B. WHO; CDC C. Announcements/Milestones/Perspectives D. Reports/Research/Analysis E. Journal Watch F. Media Watch :::::: :::::: Statement on Data Sharing in Public Health Emergencies The arguments for sharing data, and the consequences of not doing so, have been thrown into stark relief by the Ebola and Zika outbreaks. -
Immunization Financing News
VOL. 6, ISSUE 2, AUGUST 2014 Immunization Financing News Quarterly news from the Sustainable Immunization Financing (SIF) Program J VOL. 6, ISSUE 2, AUGUST 2014 From left to right: Dr. Paba Palihawadana, Hon. Maithripala Sirisena, Dr. SRI LANKA ADVANCES ITS NATIONAL Palitha Mahipala. IMMUNIZATION POLICY On 29 April 2014, Sri Lanka inched closer to a national immunization bill which will assure sustainable immunization financing. The occasion was a ceremony at the Bandaranaike Memorial International Conference Hall, in Colombo, in which Chief Epidemiologist Dr. Paba Palihawadana delivered the country’s new National Immunization Policy to the health minister, Hon. Maithripala Sirisena. Over 150 guests attended, including members of parliament Hon. Dr. Sudarshini Fernandopulle and Hon. Dr. Ramesh Pathirana; Chief Minister of the southern province Hon. Shan Vijayalal de Silva, and; Health Ministers of North Western and Central provinces Hon. D.B. Herath and Hon. Bandula Yalegama. Other Ministry of Health officials in attendance included Dr. Palitha Mahipala, Director General of Health Services, Dr. Minister Sirisena will next pass the policy document to the Sarath Amunugama, Deputy Director General of Public Council of Ministers. From there it will go to Parliament Health Services, Dr. Ananda, Consultant Epidemiologist and where a corresponding Act of Parliament will be generated, EPI team. They were joined by officials from the Ministries translating the policy into law. of Finance and Planning, Education and Justice, all of whom participated in formulating the policy. The event was widely covered by the print and electronic media, reported Sabin MONGOLIAN AUTHORITIES REPORT Senior Program Officer Devendra Gnawali, who also HEALTH INVESTMENTS TO CITIZENS attended. -
The Sabin Report | Volume 11 Issue 2 Is Winner of the 2009 Albert B
Dr. Rino Rappuoli The Sabin Report | Volume 11 Issue 2 is Winner of the 2009 Albert B. Sabin Gold Medal Global Network Announces More than Four Million Award Women and Children Dewormed in Rwanda for Approximately 30 Cents Per Person The Access Project, a partner of the Global Network, the Rwandan government and other international partners worked with locally trained community health providers in Rwanda to de-worm more than four million women and children during the country's Mother and Child Health Week in March. Albendazole was administered to a targeted population of On April 28th, Rino children under five, school-age children, and post-partum women, to Rappuoli, PhD was treat for soil-transmitted helminthes (STHs) commonly known as presented with the intestinal worms, reaching 95.2% of the target population at Albert B. Sabin Gold approximately 30 cents per person. Additionally, in high prevalence Medal Award. This areas, children were treated with praziquantel for schistosomiasis, a prestigious award parasitic disease carried by fresh water snails. Vitamin A, recognizes a immunizations, family planning services and health education messages distinguished member were also delivered throughout the country. of the research Read press release here community who has made extraordinary contributions in the field South Africa Announces of vaccinology or a complementary field. Introduction of Pneumococcal The Medal is the Vaccine at 4th Regional highest scientific honor Pneumococcal Symposium given by the Sabin Vaccine Institute and During the 4th Regional Pneumococcal commemorates the Symposium held in South Africa on March legacy of the late Dr. 2-3, South African Deputy Minister of Albert B. -
Eastern Afromontane Biodiversity Hotspot
Ecosystem Profile EASTERN AFROMONTANE BIODIVERSITY HOTSPOT FINAL VERSION 24 JANUARY 2012 Prepared by: BirdLife International with the technical support of: Conservation International / Science and Knowledge Division IUCN Global Species Programme – Freshwater Unit IUCN –Eastern Africa Plant Red List Authority Saudi Wildlife Authority Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Centre for Middle Eastern Plants The Cirrus Group UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre WWF - Eastern and Southern Africa Regional Programme Office Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund And support from the International Advisory Committee Neville Ash, UNEP Division of Environmental Policy Implementation; Elisabeth Chadri, MacArthur Foundation; Fabian Haas, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology; Matthew Hall, Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Centre for Middle Eastern Plants; Sam Kanyamibwa, Albertine Rift Conservation Society; Jean-Marc Froment, African Parks Foundation; Kiunga Kareko, WWF, Eastern and Southern Africa Regional Programme Office; Karen Laurenson, Frankfurt Zoological Society; Leo Niskanen, IUCN Eastern & Southern Africa Regional Programme; Andy Plumptre, Wildlife Conservation Society; Sarah Saunders, Royal Society for the Protection of Birds; Lucy Waruingi, African Conservation Centre. Drafted by the ecosystem profiling team: Ian Gordon, Richard Grimmett, Sharif Jbour, Maaike Manten, Ian May, Gill Bunting (BirdLife International) Pierre Carret, Nina Marshall, John Watkin (CEPF) Naamal de Silva, Tesfay Woldemariam, Matt Foster (Conservation International)