Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents

Monday, January 11, 1993 Volume 29—Number 1 Pages 1–31

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Addresses and Remarks Interviews With the News Media Central Intelligence Agency, Langley, VA—25 News conference with President Yeltsin of Dinner hosted by President Yeltsin, , , January 3 (No. 141)—2 Russia—1 Military Academy, West Point, Meetings With Foreign Leaders NY—9 See Addresses and Remarks; Interviews With Announcements the News Media Points of Light daily recognition program—27 Proclamations Appointments and Nominations Braille Literacy Week—14 Interstate Commerce Commission, National Good Teen Day—7 Commissioner—9 National Law Enforcement Training Week— Communications to Congress 15 National Sanctity of Human Life Day—8 Alaska’s mineral resources report, letter transmitting—27 Statements Other Than Presidential Colorado public lands wilderness proposed Recognition of the Czech and Slovak legislation, letter transmitting—23 Republics—1 Cyprus conflict report, letter—16 Situation in Iraq—27 Forest Service reports, letter transmitting—22 Montana public lands wilderness proposed Supplementary Materials legislation, letter transmitting—24 Acts approved by the President—31 Executive Orders Checklist of White House press releases—30 Delegation of Certain Personnel Management Digest of other White House Authorities—14 announcements—27 National Industrial Security Program—17 Nominations submitted to the Senate—29

Editor’s Note: An annual index to 1992 issues 1–53 is being printed under separate cover and distributed separately.

WEEKLY COMPILATION OF regulations prescribed by the Administrative Committee of the Federal Register, approved by the President (37 FR 23607; 1 CFR Part 10). PRESIDENTIAL DOCUMENTS Distribution is made only by the Superintendent of Docu- ments, Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. Published every Monday by the Office of the Federal Reg- The Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents will be ister, National Archives and Records Administration, Washing- furnished by mail to domestic subscribers for $80.00 per year ton, DC 20408, the Weekly Compilation of Presidential Docu- ($137.00 for mailing first class) and to foreign subscribers for ments contains statements, messages, and other Presidential $93.75 per year, payable to the Superintendent of Documents, materials released by the White House during the preceding Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. The week. charge for a single copy is $3.00 ($3.75 for foreign mailing). The Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents is pub- There are no restrictions on the republication of material lished pursuant to the authority contained in the Federal Reg- appearing in the Weekly Compilation of Presidential Docu- ister Act (49 Stat. 500, as amended; 44 U.S.C. Ch. 15), under ments.

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Statement by Press Secretary Remarks at a State Dinner Hosted by Fitzwater on Recognition of the President of Russia in Czech and Slovak Republics Moscow January 1, 1993 January 2, 1993 The President today recognized the new President Yeltsin and members of the Rus- Czech and Slovak Republics and offered to sian Government, friends, all, Americans and establish full diplomatic relations. In an ex- Russians, we are here for an historic occa- change of letters, Czech Prime Minister sion. I believe that this is a moment that his- Klaus and Slovak Prime Minister Meciar wel- tory will record most positively as we sign comed U.S. recognition and accepted our that treaty. As I prepare to leave the Presi- offer of full diplomatic relations. dency, I bid farewell to a man for whom I Both leaders provided assurances that the have enormous respect, a man whose cour- new states will fulfill the obligations and age captured the imagination of every single commitments of the former Czechoslovakia American as he stood on a Russian tank and and will abide by the principles and provi- straddled Russian history, steering it toward sions of the U.N. Charter, the Charter of a democratic future. His voice spoke loudly Paris, the Helsinki Final Act and subsequent for freedom through the chaos of change, CSCE documents. They also pledged to pre- and it spoke softly of friendship through the vent the proliferation of destabilizing military static of a long distance telephone line, a pa- technology, to respect human rights and fun- triot who silenced the guns of August, Presi- damental freedoms, to uphold international dent Boris Yeltsin. standards concerning national minorities, Mr. President, as you so eloquently stated, and to move rapidly to create free-market there is now a new U.S.-Russian partnership economies. built together, affirming our dedication to a The United States looks forward to full and democratic peace in and, indeed, to mutually productive relations with the new a global peace. The two powers that once Czech and Slovak states. We commend both divided the world have now come together Republics for the peaceful means by which to make it a better and safer place. Mr. Presi- their separation was carried out. In the inter- dent, we’ve come together again this week- est of ensuring stability and prosperity in the end amid a Moscow winter to sign the most region and speeding full integration into the significant arms reduction treaty ever. international community, the United States All of us, sir, wish you and your colleagues urges continued close regional cooperation well on the bold reforms that you’ve under- among the states of central Europe. taken. Reform is never easy, and this we un- Our Ambassador to Czechoslovakia will re- derstand. But your people do not run away main in Prague as the U.S. Ambassador to from a challenge. And in this challenge, the Czech Republic. We look forward to ap- America will stay with you, shoulder to shoul- pointing an Ambassador to the Slovak Re- der. public as soon as possible. May I simply say a word about my succes- sor, President-elect Clinton. I am confident Note: This item was not received in time for that what we do tomorrow is of tremendous publication in the appropriate issue. importance to him, and I am confident that you will find him a 100-percent partner in

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working for this U.S.-Russian relationship of beating the swords into plowshares. The that we treasure so much. treaty signed today represents a major step I salute everybody in this room and else- towards fulfilling mankind’s centuries-old where who had a hand in completing this dream of disarmament. historic treaty. I raise my glass to toast a Its political factor is that the treaty we have strong future between Russia and the United signed today belongs to a new epoch. This States, to toast President and Mrs. Yeltsin, treaty was concluded by two friendly states, dear friends, and to toast this new year, a by partners who not only trust each other new year of hope, freedom, and peace for but also assist each other. It testifies to our the Russian people. joint and determined movement towards a Good luck and may God bless you all. new world order. Note: The President spoke at approximately From the very outset the new democratic 7:05 p.m. in the Winter Garden Room at the Russian state has been pursuing a policy of Kremlin. A tape was not available for ver- building equal partnership with the United ification of the content of these remarks. States. Today, we have every right to say that The President’s News Conference relations between the two major powers have With President Boris Yeltsin in undergone a genuine revolution. Its political Moscow factor lies also in the fact that during the last decade of the 20th century and at the turn January 3, 1993 of the 21st century, the START II treaty will Mr. Kostikov. Ladies and gentlemen, let affect policies not only of the United States us consider that the press conference is open. and Russia but of other countries of the First, we’ll give the floor to the Presidents world as well. The START II treaty estab- of Russia and the United States for brief lished parameters of possible political agree- statements, and then we’ll hold our press ments in other spheres of interaction among conference. The first floor is to President states. Yeltsin. Thus, the military factor is determined by President Yeltsin. President George the scale of mutual reductions in nuclear Bush, Mrs. Bush, members of the delega- arms. By comparison with the START I Trea- tions, representatives of mass media, ladies ty, every state will have to reduce and destroy and gentlemen: the number of strategic offensive warheads It is not every century that history gives by approximately a threefold magnitude. us an opportunity to witness and participate The deepest cuts will affect those cat- in the event that is so significant in scale and egories of arms which are of greatest concern consequences. Today, the Presidents of the to the parties and the world. For the United two great powers, the United States and Rus- States these are submarine-launched ballistic sia, have signed the treaty on further radical missiles and heavy bombers, and for Russia, cuts in strategic offensive arms of Russia and land-based intercontinental ballistic missiles, the United States, START II. ICBM’s. This reduces drastically the level of In its scale and importance, the treaty goes further than all other treaties ever signed in danger, military mistrust, and suspicion. the field of disarmament. This treaty is the We opened up real prospects for coopera- triumph for politicians and diplomats of Rus- tion based on trust between people in mili- sia and the United States. It is also an tary uniform, between people with military achievement for all mankind and benefits all discipline and military thinking. Thus, the peoples of the Earth. The START II treaty START II treaty will change and gradually becomes the core of the system of global se- replace the very psychology of confrontation. curity guarantees. At the same time, as President and su- The scale of this treaty is determined by preme commander in chief, I can say with a number of factors. Its historical factor is absolute certainty the signed treaty strength- that in the course of all its previous history, ens the security of Russia rather than weak- mankind was arming itself and just dreamed ens it. I think that President Bush can make

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a similar statement concerning the security confidence and mutual understanding of the United States. achieved between the United States and Rus- The implementation of the new treaty will sia, between the Presidents of the two coun- not be economically destructive for Russia. tries. It gives great impetus to the world di- We have made most of our calculations, and plomacy as well. they show that the proposed reductions Today, I would like to express the hope would cost us much less than the mere main- that the diplomatic services of the United tenance of systems in a safe States and Russia, diplomats of European condition. We save seriously on verification countries, will double or even triple their ef- and inspections, two of the most expensive, forts in order to settle conflicts that are of to put it mildly, items of expenditures. The concern to the world. new character of Russian-U.S. relations I would like to focus on another important makes it possible for us to substantially sim- aspect, the personal stand of President plify verification procedures while ensuring George Bush, who is our guest, being on a their reliability. working visit with us. I would like to pay trib- We expect to cut and to cut considerably ute to my colleague and friend, George. His the cost of the physical destruction of arma- remarkable personal and political qualities ments. We have agreed with the United and competence have contributed to a suc- States to cooperate in developing and apply- cessful transition from the cold war to a new ing appropriate technologies. Thus, the ex- world order. penditures under this then will in fact be I am grateful to him for all he has done shared equally. This will enable us to elimi- to establish new relations between Russia nate our nuclear weapons not with a delay and the United States, for his solidarity and of several years but in parallel with the support during the push for the FREEDOM United States in accordance with the sched- Support Act, for the START II treaty. Thank ule provided for in the treaty. you, George. In the context of the present economic cri- I consider it of fundamental importance sis, it would be difficult for us to keep the that the future President of the United pace without outside assistance. The U.S. States, Mr. Clinton, fully supported the con- Congress has made a decision to support clusion of the START II treaty. We can with- Russia in the destruction of these nuclear out delay proceed to the direct implementa- warheads. tion of this instrument and consider further Its moral factor will manifest itself in the steps to strengthen global stability, the sys- fact that the treaty gives all mankind the hope tem of global protection, and international for a nuclear-weapons-free world. The high security. moral value of the treaty is that we will be President Bush and I have maintained reg- able to hand over to our children, the chil- ular contacts with President-elect Clinton. dren of the 21st century, a more secure Today’s signing ceremony would not have world. I would call this treaty a treaty of taken place had there been the slightest rea- hope. son to doubt his solidarity with our endeav- As to the purely diplomatic aspect of this ors. START II treaty that has just been signed, I would like to personally thank the most it will undoubtedly go down into the history active participants in this process and above of as an example of using the po- all the President of the United States, who tential of the partners who are waiting to personally took part in the elaboration and overcome the heritage of animosity and con- polishing of the text of the treaty. And I frontation. would say we spoke often. And it was a rare As you may recall, it took 15 years to pre- week that we did not speak on the phone pare the first START Treaty. The elaboration in the last few weeks. of START II, which is of considerably great I am also grateful personally to Mr. Scow- magnitude, took several months. But there croft, who took an active participation in the was absolutely no rush in the process. Natu- consideration of this subject, and to Jimmy rally, this reflects above all the high level of Baker, of course, who treated globally the

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entire subject of the treaty and was mainly a democratic Russia. And together we’re now responsible for this breakthrough. And finally embarked on what must be the noblest mis- I am grateful to Mr. Eagleburger, who on sion of all: to turn an adversarial relationship the finishing line darted with boldness and into one of friendship and partnership. practically initialed the draft treaty there. We stand together today in this great city I’m thankful also to the experts, to analysts at the threshold of a new world of hope, a and consultants, and also to the leaders of widening circle of freedom for us and for our our delegation, to Mr. Kozyrev and Grachev children. This historic opportunity would and the other 48 experts who work very hard simply not have been possible without our for us to come today to the signing of this combined common effort. treaty, the SALT II 1 treaty. Mr. President, I salute you for your unwav- I’m also grateful to all the journalists, press ering commitment to democratic reform and people, who kept their hand constantly on for the history you’ve written since the heroic the pulse of this subject and who did not day in August ’91 when you climbed atop manage to criticize the treaty before it was that tank to defend Russia’s democratic des- signed. tiny. And I also want to salute the heroism I do believe that there is no reasonable of the Russian people themselves, for it is alternative to the policy of friendly partner- they who will determine that Russia’s demo- ship between Russia and the United States. cratic course is irreversible. Strategic partnership relations serve the fun- Today, as we meet on Russian soil, home damental national interests of the two coun- to 1,000 years of heritage and history, to a tries and of the international community as people rich in scientific and creative talent, a whole. I am deeply confident that the sign- I want to assure the Russian people on behalf ing of the START II treaty opens new prom- of all Americans, we understand that Russia ising prospects for the peoples of our coun- faces a difficult passage. We are with you in tries. I’m certain that this day will be a mile- your struggle to strengthen and secure demo- stone in this process. cratic rights, to reform your economy, to Thank you. bring to every Russian city and village a new Mr. Kostikov. I thank you. And now I pass sense of hope and the prospect of a future the floor to the President of the United forever free. States, George Bush. Let me say clearly, we seek no special ad- President Bush. Mr. President and Mr. vantage from Russia’s transformation. Yes, Vice President, Mr. Prime Minister, Minister deep arms reductions, broader and deeper of Justice, Minister of Defense, Minister of economic ties, expanded trade with Russia, Foreign Affairs, representatives of the Rus- all are in the interest of my country. But sian and American delegations, and distin- they’re equally in the interest of the Russian guished guests: people. Our future is one of mutual advan- We meet at the beginning of a new year, tage. at a moment that is also a new era for our We seek a new relationship of trust be- two nations and for the world. For half of tween our military forces. They once con- this century , the and the fronted each other across Europe’s great di- United States stood locked in a nuclear vide, and let them now come together in the standoff. For our two nations and for the cause of peace. We seek full cooperation to world, cold war, hot words, and the constant employ our collective capabilities to help re- threat of war seemed imminent, indeed, at solve crises around the world. We seek a new times inevitable. cooperation between the U.S. and Russia and The time that we might meet as friends among all states to prevent the spread of nu- and the time that we might meet in freedom clear weapons and other weapons of mass seemed distant, indeed a dream. Today, the destruction. cold war is over and for the first time in his- The world looks to us to consign the cold tory an American President has set foot in war to history, to ratify our new relationship by reducing the weapons that concentrate 1 START II (White House correction). the most destructive power known to man.

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The treaty we signed today builds on the able there and what differences separate strong beginning we made with START I, you? and, together, these treaties will reduce by President Bush. Well, we discussed that more than two-thirds the strategic arsenals question in some detail. Our prime common in place today. And just as important, START objective is to see the suffering stop and see II will bring much better stability to remain- the fighting stop. I can’t go into—I certainly ing forces. wouldn’t want to quantify what differences This agreement represents a common ef- we may have, but I came away with the feel- fort to overcome the contentious differences ing that we were very close together, these and complexities that surround nuclear two countries, in wanting to see peace re- weapons. In the face of many who doubted stored to that area. Russia and America’s intentions and our en- President Yeltsin. I would like to con- ergy, it vindicates our insistence that arms tinue the answer of President Bush, because control must do more than simply freeze the the question was raised to both Presidents. arms race in place. The START Treaty, START I, reduced a We discussed a very wide range of issues, quarter century of growth in our nuclear ar- and I would say we have cleaned up all of senals and reversed the course that caused the problems remaining after the conclusion many to fear that nuclear conflagration was of this important agreement, and the conclu- inevitable. The treaty that we signed today sion of this important period which is goes much further in a way that few believed crowned with an historic event and the visit possible just one year ago. by President Bush to our country. May I congratulate Messrs. Kozyrev and We also considered the course of the re- Grachev and Eagleburger for their outstand- forms in Russia and the problems related to ing work to bring this treaty to fruition. And the new government, whether it will con- I also want to congratulate former Secretary tinue along the road of reforms. And I as- of State Jim Baker for his important work sured the President that this is not a new on the treaty during the spring and summer. government, and it is the old composition In closing, let me tell you what this treaty government. And the chairman of the gov- means, not for Presidents or Premiers, not ernment himself will go on the same road for historians or heads of state, but for par- of reforms. ents and for their children: It means a future We have also considered the problems of far more free from fear. bilateral relations and the foreign debt of the So, as we sign today this treaty, let us former Soviet Union, the grain supplies, pledge also to move forward together international conflicts, including the conflict throughout this decade and into the next cen- in the former Yugoslavia, and our positions tury toward common aims: for Russia, a are close. We previously supported the democratic peace; for our two nations, a United States in adopting the U.N. resolution strong partnership between our people and on the subject, and we shall continue this the lasting friendship that springs from a line and try at the same time to continue common love of freedom. And Mr. President, may I wish you and the line for establishing peace among all par- the Russian people at this critical moment ties and to be more active in this area than in history a new year rich with hope and we have been heretofore. peace. We have also discussed military issues, in- cluding the issue of whether the SALT II Bosnia Treaty is harmful to anyone or at anyone’s Q. Mr. President, both of you, each of you disadvantage. Then we came to the conclu- spoke about moving on to other areas of con- sion that it does not harm either side and cern as a result of having achieved this kind does not harm any third party. It is only to of a treaty. Can you give us in some detail the advantage of everyone. Thus, our nego- what your discussions were with regard to tiations were businesslike, respectful, and the situation in Bosnia, what you see achiev- open, as always.

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START II Ratification committed to the general theory of these Q. Boris Nikolayevich, you have just arms reductions that START II takes on. signed the START II treaty, and you will President Yeltsin. I met with President- have to ratify it into Parliament. If in the elect Clinton when I was on my official state past there were difficulties mainly in the U.S. visit to the United States and when Mr. Clin- Congress, now you may face certain difficul- ton at that time was a Presidential candidate. ties on the part of certain delegates or a num- We discussed in our meetings different ber of Russian deputies. So, what are in your things. The discussions were normal, inter- view the prospects for the ratification of the esting, and he voiced his support for Russia, treaty? for the democratic reforms in Russia, and for President Yeltsin. I am not going to con- our movement along the democratic road. ceal from you that a certain part of the depu- Two days ago I sent him a letter where ties is against the treaty. And they are against I proposed that there should be no lull in anything positive that should take place in our relations with the new administration, Russia. So, complete negation is their posi- because any lull in bilateral relations between tion. You could consider what they are, be- the superpowers would give cause for con- cause they support Iraq and its aggression. cern. So you understand who they represent. I suggested on the phone to President And finally, I would say that, fortunately, Bush that after the 20th of January, we— they do not represent the majority of the Su- that is, myself and President-elect Clinton— preme Soviet, as most of the Supreme Soviet should meet somewhere in a neutral place deputies believe in reason, and of course, for a working meeting to consider different they believe in the significance of this treaty. international problems and bilateral rela- The number—many delegates, deputies, tions. And I hope that he will take over the were in Geneva themselves. They took part baton that was given to him with such grace in the negotiations. And the Chairman of the by President Bush. Foreign Relations Committee has always been here with us. So if there are any dif- Russian Nuclear Shield ficulties with the ratification of this START II treaty, still I am certain that the Supreme Q. This is the question to, mainly, the Rus- Soviet will ratify it. sian President. I ask you, Boris Nikolayevich, to expand a little bit on that part of your President-Elect Clinton statement where you say that the signing of Q. Mr. President, how confident are you the treaty will not be harmful to the strategic that the treaty that you’re now going to be and military balance existing between the turning over to a new administration will United States and Russia as certain of our be—that it will be ratified by the Senate? conservatives assert, and that the nuclear And, Mr. Yeltsin, I’d like to know your shield of Russia will not be weakened. This thoughts on how awkward is it for you to is a question to you not only to the President find yourself suddenly having to deal with of the country but also as to the commander a new President in Washington? in chief. President Bush. Clearly, I’m not in a posi- President Yeltsin. Shall I give you the tion to commit President-elect Clinton, but numbers? As of January 1st, we have 9,915 I can confidently predict that this treaty will strategic nuclear warheads. According to the be quickly ratified by the Congress. new START II Treaty, there will be 3,000, Butting in on the second part of your ques- 3,500 warheads left, 3,000 to 3,500 warheads. tion, I’ve talked to President-elect Clinton This number is not possessed by any other enough to know that he is most interested single state, only by the United States and in keeping this U.S.-Russia relationship on Russia. I express—not a single other state, the high plane at which it stands right now. including nuclear powers like China, Great And I’ve told President Yeltsin that I think Britain, and France. This is a powerful shield he will enjoy working with Governor Clinton which is capable of defending Russia in case and that I know that Governor Clinton is of an unexpected aggression from any site.

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President Bush. May I simply add that fense. The question-and-answer portion of we do not view this as a one-sided treaty at this news conference could not be verified be- all. We view it as balanced, and I think that cause the tape was incomplete. history will record it as such. Mr. Fitzwater. Let’s have a final question from Ann Compton [ABC News]. Proclamation 6520—National Good Teen Day, 1993 U.S. Assistance to Russia December 23, 1992 Q. President Bush, do you think that the START II—START I and II can be ratified and implemented if the United States doesn’t By the President of the United States come forward with, or even increase the of America amount of aid that some of the other coun- tries need to actually dismantle the weapons A Proclamation they’ve got? The passage between childhood and adult- President Bush. I think the ratification hood constitutes one of the most eventful will stand on its own two feet. The Congress stages of our life’s journey. The teen years will look at it, and in my view they’ll have are as challenging as they are exciting, and hearings, and they’ll ratify it. And clearly, we at a time when young Americans are facing all have a stake at helping and being sure more serious pressures than ever before— that the materials are properly disposed of, from substance abuse and violence to sexual and the United States will be ready to assist promiscuity and dropping out of school—it to the best of our ability. But I don’t see is fitting that we set aside this day to reaffirm a resolution to that second question being the unique, God-given potential of every required before this treaty is ratified. teenager. I’m sorry, what was the second question? Today millions of American teenagers are Q. Can it be implemented? Doesn’t the setting examples for others by demonstrating United States have to come up with more love and respect for their parents, by meeting money to actually have the missiles at the their responsibilities at home and in school, silos? by participating in their places of worship, President Bush. The treaty and the proto- and by showing consideration and concern cols speak for themselves. But clearly, I think for their classmates and neighbors. They are the new administration will be as interested also enjoying the rewards of voluntary service as we have been in helping Russia in every to others, thereby contributing to our com- way we possibly can. I expect that it’ll get munities and Nation as Points of Light. to that subject as well as it will to ag credits These teens are making the most of their tal- and a lot of other things. So I think that the ents and opportunities and, through their de- treaty will be ratified, and I think it will be termination and hard work, are building the implemented. And to the degree the United foundation for a bright future. States can be of assistance when times are It is vital that we recognize and reinforce tough for Russia, that will demonstrate our good behavior among teens and instill in interest in this partnership when we help. every child a positive sense of responsibility, self-control, and self-worth. The pursuit of Note: The President’s 141st news conference freedom and independence is characteristic began at 12:15 p.m. in Vladimir’s Hall at the of adolescence. Yet, while most adolescents Kremlin. President Yeltsin spoke in Russian, demand increasing autonomy, they also con- and his remarks were translated by an inter- tinue to need and seek their parents’ reassur- preter. Vyacheslav Kostikov, Presidential ance, guidance, and support. For teenagers Press Spokesman for President Yeltsin, served who are struggling to cope with the many as moderator. During the news conference, physical and emotional changes of adoles- the following people were referred to: Andrey cence, as well as the external pressures that Kozyrev, Russian Minister of Foreign Affairs, weigh so heavily on young people today, such and Pavel Grachev, Russian Minister of De- encouragement and guidance are essential.

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We must provide our teens with opportunity ated equal, that they are endowed by their and hope, with firm yet loving moral guid- Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that ance and discipline, and—most important— among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit with clear, consistent examples of personal of Happiness.’’ This tradition of generosity responsibility and virtue. and reverence for human life stands in No child is destined to become a ‘‘bad marked contrast with the prevalence of abor- teen.’’ Through loving, responsible parenting tion in America today—some 1.5 million chil- and through the support of schools, church- dren lost each year; more than 4,000 each es, and communities that set high standards day. This is shocking evidence of just how of character and conduct for people of all far we have strayed from our Nation’s most ages, we can help every young American to cherished values and beliefs. Thus we pause recognize and attain his or her fullest poten- on this National Sanctity of Human Life Day tial. On this occasion, let us resolve to do to call attention to the tragedy of abortion exactly that. and to recognize the many individuals who The Congress, by House Joint Resolution are working to restore respect for human life 409, has designated January 16, 1993, as ‘‘Na- in our Nation. tional Good Teen Day’’ and has authorized Advances in science and technology have and requested the President to issue a procla- offered us tremendous new insight on life mation in observance of this day. in the womb: parents can now hear their un- Now, Therefore, I, George Bush, Presi- born child’s heartbeat as early as 8 weeks of dent of the United States of America, do age; physicians can monitor the baby’s devel- hereby proclaim January 16, 1993, as Na- opment using high-resolution sonography; tional Good Teen Day. I invite all Americans and they may even diagnose and treat abnor- to observe this day with appropriate pro- malities before birth. How terribly ironic it grams and activities in honor of America’s is that, at one hospital or clinic, an unborn teenaged citizens. child may be carefully treated as a patient, In Witness Whereof, I have hereunto set while at another facility—perhaps just a few my hand this twenty-third day of December, blocks away—another innocent child may be- in the year of our Lord nineteen hundred come a victim of abortion. and ninety-two, and of the Independence of Recognizing the tragedy of abortion and the United States of America the two hun- the feelings of desperation that lead some dred and seventeenth. women to make such a painful, devastating George Bush choice, concerned individuals throughout the United States are working to help women [Filed with the Office of the Federal Register, choose life for their unborn children. On this 4:31 p.m., January 4, 1993] occasion we recognize the many generous Americans who—with nothing to gain for Note: This proclamation was released by the themselves—reach out to women in need Office of the Press Secretary on January 4, through crisis pregnancy centers, residential and it was published in the Federal Register facilities, mentoring programs, and a host of on January 6. other support services. We also recognize the many social services professionals, attorneys, Proclamation 6521—National and counselors who assist in promoting the Sanctity of Human Life Day, 1993 adoption option, and we salute each of the courageous women who make this unselfish January 4, 1993 choice for their children. Such works of gen- erosity and compassion are saving lives and, By the President of the United States yes, slowly but surely turning hearts—one of America woman, one couple, one community at a time. A Proclamation The struggle to overcome abortion in the Americans have demonstrated their com- United States—to educate individuals about mitment to the belief ‘‘that all men are cre- life in the womb, to restore reverence for

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the miracle of creation, and to expand alter- 1988–90. Mr. Walden has served in various natives for women in need—is far from capacities at the Department of Justice in- ended. While the struggle may be a long and cluding: Associate Deputy Attorney General, difficult one, many Americans know that it 1987–88; Deputy Associate Attorney Gen- is a cause from which we cannot retreat. And eral, 1986–87; Special Assistant to the Assist- because it is a cause that appeals directly to ant Attorney General in the Civil Division. the conscience of the Nation—a Nation that Mr. Walden graduated from Washington has, time and again, demonstrated its capac- and Lee University (B.A., 1977) and the Uni- ity to rediscover its highest ideals, ideals root- versity of San Diego (J.D., 1980). He cur- ed in our belief in the God-given rights and rently resides in Alexandria, VA. dignity of every human being—it is a cause that cannot fail. Now, Therefore, I, George Bush, Presi- dent of the United States of America, by vir- Remarks at the United States tue of the authority vested in me by the Con- Military Academy in West Point, stitution and laws of the United States, do New York hereby proclaim Sunday, January 17, 1993, as National Sanctity of Human Life Day. I January 5, 1993 call on all Americans to reflect on the sanctity of human life in all its stages and to gather Thank you all very much. Good luck. in homes and places of worship to give thanks Please be seated. Thank you, General for the gift of life and to reaffirm our commit- Graves, for that very kind introduction. Bar- ment to respect the life and dignity of every bara and I are just delighted to be here and human being. honored that we could be joined by our able In Witness Whereof, I have hereunto set Secretary of the Army, Mike Stone; of my hand this fourth day of January, in the course, the man well-known here that heads year of our Lord nineteen hundred and nine- our Army, General Sullivan, General Gordon ty-three, and of the Independence of the Sullivan; and Gracie Graves, General Robert United States of America the two hundred Foley, General Galloway; Shawn Daniel, and seventeenth. well-known to everybody here, been our George Bush host, in a sense; and a West Point alum who has been at my side for 4 years, over here [Filed with the Office of the Federal Register, somewhere, General Scowcroft, graduate of 4:32 p.m., January 4, 1993] this great institution who served his country Note: This proclamation was published in with such distinction. May I salute the mem- the Federal Register on January 6. bers of the Board of Visitors. I see another I have to single out, General Galvin, who served his country with such honor. And, of Recess Appointment of Gregory course, save the best for last, the Corps of Stewart Walden as a Member of the Cadets, thank you for that welcome. Interstate Commerce Commission Let me begin with the hard part: It is dif- January 4, 1993 ficult for a Navy person to come up to West Point after that game a month ago. Go ahead, The President today announced the recess rub it in. [Laughter] But I watched it. Amaz- appointment of Gregory Stewart Walden, of ing things can happen in sports. Look at the California, to be a member of the Interstate Commerce Commission. Mr. Walden would Oilers, my other team that took it on the chin succeed Edward Martin Emmett. the other day. [Laughter] But I guess the Since 1990 Mr. Walden has served as an moral of all of this is that losing is never easy. Associate Counsel to the President at the Trust me, I know something about that. White House. Prior to this, he was Chief [Laughter] But if you have to lose, that’s the Counsel of the Federal Aviation Administra- way to do it. Fight with all you have. Give tion at the Department of Transportation,

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it your best shot. And win or lose, learn from We cannot and we need not allow this to it, and get on with life. happen. Our objective must be to exploit the I am about to get on with the rest of my unparalleled opportunity presented by the life. But before I do, I want to share with cold war’s end to work toward transforming you at this institution of leadership some of this new world into a new world order, one my thinking, both about the world you will of governments that are democratic, tolerant, soon be called upon to enter and the life that and economically free at home and commit- you have chosen. ted abroad to settling inevitable differences Any President has several functions. He peacefully, without the threat or use of force. speaks for and to the Nation. He must faith- Unfortunately, not everyone subscribes to fully execute the law. And he must lead. But these principles. We continue to see leaders no function, none of the President’s hats, in bent on denying fundamental human rights my view, is more important than his role as and seizing territory regardless of the human Commander in Chief. For it is as Com- cost. No, an international society, one more mander in Chief that the President confronts attuned to the enduring principles that have and makes decisions that one way or another made this country a beacon of hope for so affects the lives of everyone in this country many for so long, will not just emerge on as well as many others around the world. its own. It’s got to be built. I have had many occasions to don this most Two hundred years ago, another departing important of hats. Over the past 4 years, the President warned of the dangers of what he men and women who proudly and bravely described as ‘‘entangling alliances.’’ His was wear the uniforms of the U.S. armed services the right course for a new nation at that point have been called upon to go in harm’s way in history. But what was ‘‘entangling’’ in and have discharged their duty with honor Washington’s day is now essential. This is and professionalism. why, at Texas A&M a few weeks ago, I spoke I wish I could say that such demands were of the folly of isolationism and of the impor- a thing of the past, that with the end of the tance, morally, economically, and strategi- cold war the calls upon the United States cally, of the United States remaining involved would diminish. I cannot. Yes, the end of the in world affairs. We must engage ourselves cold war, we would all concede, is a blessing. if a new world order, one more compatible It is a time of great promise. Democratic gov- with our values and congenial to our interest, ernments have never been so numerous. is to emerge. But even more, we must lead. What happened 2 or 3 days ago in Moscow Leadership, well, it takes many forms. It would not have been possible in the cold war can be political or diplomatic. It can be eco- days. Thanks to historic treaties such as that nomic or military. It can be moral or spiritual START II pact just reached with Russia, the leadership. Leadership can take any one of likelihood of nuclear holocaust is vastly di- these forms, or it can be a combination of minished. them. But this does not mean that there is no Leadership should not be confused with specter of war, no threats to be reckoned either unilateralism or universalism. We with. And already, we see disturbing signs need not respond by ourselves to each and of what this new world could become if we every outrage of violence. The fact that are passive and aloof. We would risk the America can act does not mean that it must. emergence of a world characterized by vio- A nation’s sense of idealism need not be at lence, characterized by chaos, one in which odds with its interests, nor does principle dis- dictators and tyrants threaten their neigh- place prudence. bors, build arsenals brimming with weapons No, the United States should not seek to of mass destruction, and ignore the welfare be the world’s policeman. There is no sup- of their own men, women, and children. And port abroad or at home for us to play this we could see a horrible increase in inter- role, nor should there be. We would exhaust national terrorism, with American citizens ourselves, in the process wasting precious re- more at risk than ever before. sources needed to address those problems at

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home and abroad that we cannot afford to that only the use of force could stem this ignore. human tragedy of Somalia. But in the wake of the cold war, in a world The United States should not stand by where we are the only remaining super- with so many lives at stake and when a lim- power, it is the role of the United States to ited deployment of U.S. forces, buttressed marshal its moral and material resources to by the forces of other countries and acting promote a democratic peace. It is our re- under the full authority of the United Na- sponsibility, it is our opportunity to lead. tions, could make an immediate and dramatic There is no one else. difference, and do so without excessive levels Leadership cannot be simply asserted or of risk and cost. Operations Provide Comfort demanded. It must be demonstrated. Lead- and Southern Watch in Iraq and then Oper- ership requires formulating worthy goals, ation Restore Hope in Somalia all bear wit- persuading others of their virtue, and con- ness to the wisdom of selected use of force tributing one’s share of the common effort for selective purposes. and then some. Leadership takes time. It Sometimes the decision not to use force, takes patience. It takes work. to stay our hand, I can tell you, it’s just as Some of this work must take place here difficult as the decision to send our soldiers at home. Congress does have a constitutional into battle. The former Yugoslavia, well, it’s role to play. Leadership therefore also in- been such a situation. There are, we all know, volves working with the Congress and the important humanitarian and strategic inter- American people to provide the essential do- ests at stake there. But up to now it’s not mestic underpinning if U.S. military commit- been clear that the application of limited ments are to be sustainable. amounts of force by the United States and This is what our administration, the Bush its traditional friends and allies would have administration, has tried to do. When Sad- dam Hussein invaded Kuwait, it was the had the desired effect given the nature and United States that galvanized the U.N. Secu- complexity of that situation. rity Council to act and then mobilized the Our assessment of the situation in the successful coalition on the battlefield. The former Yugoslavia could well change if and pattern not exactly the same but similar in as the situation changes. The stakes could Somalia: First the United States underscored grow; the conflict could threaten to spread. the importance of alleviating the growing Indeed, we are constantly reassessing our op- tragedy, and then we organized humanitarian tions and are actively consulting with others efforts designed to bring hope, food, and about steps that might be taken to contain peace. the fighting, protect the humanitarian effort, At times, real leadership requires a willing- and deny Serbia the fruits of aggression. ness to use military force. And force can be Military force is never a tool to be used a useful backdrop to diplomacy, a com- lightly or universally. In some circumstances plement to it, or, if need be, a temporary it may be essential, in others counter- alternative. productive. I know that many people would As Commander in Chief, I have made the like to find some formula, some easy formula difficult choice to use military force. I deter- to apply, to tell us with precision when and mined we could not allow Saddam’s forces where to intervene with force. Anyone look- to ravage Kuwait and hold this critical region ing for scientific certitude is in for a dis- at gunpoint. I thought then, and I think now, appointment. In the complex new world we that using military force to implement the are entering, there can be no single or simple resolutions of the U.N. Security Council was set of fixed rules for using force. Inevitably, in the interest of the United States and the the question of military intervention requires world community. The need to use force judgment. Each and every case is unique. To arose as well in the wake of the Gulf war, adopt rigid criteria would guarantee mistakes when we came to the aid of the peoples of involving American interests and American both northern and southern Iraq. And more lives. And it would give would-be trouble- recently, as I’m sure you know, I determined makers a blueprint for determining their own

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actions. It could signal U.S. friends and allies larly, we moved swiftly to safeguard democ- that our support was not to be counted on. racy in the Philippines. Similarly, we cannot always decide in ad- But in every case involving the use of vance which interests will require our using force, it will be essential to have a clear and military force to protect them. The relative achievable mission, a realistic plan for accom- importance of an interest is not a guide: Mili- plishing the mission, and criteria no less real- tary force may not be the best way of safe- istic for withdrawing U.S. forces once the guarding something vital, while using force mission is complete. Only if we keep these might be the best way to protect an interest principles in mind will the potential sacrifice that qualifies as important but less than vital. be one that can be explained and justified. But to warn against a futile quest for a We must never forget that using force is not set of hard-and-fast rules to govern the use some political abstraction but a real commit- of military force is not to say there cannot ment of our fathers and mothers and sons be some principles to inform our decisions. and daughters, brothers and sisters, friends Such guidelines can prove useful in sizing and neighbors. You’ve got to look at it in and, indeed, shaping our forces and in help- human terms. ing us to think our way through this key ques- In order even to have the choice, we must tion. have available adequate military forces tai- lored for a wide range of contingencies, in- Using military force makes sense as a pol- cluding peacekeeping. Indeed, leading the icy where the stakes warrant, where and effort toward a new world order will require when force can be effective, where no other a modern, capable military, in some areas ne- policies are likely to prove effective, where cessitating more rather than less defense its application can be limited in scope and spending. As President, I have said that my time, and where the potential benefits justify ability to deploy force on behalf of U.S. inter- the potential costs and sacrifice. ests abroad was made possible because past Once we are satisfied that force makes Presidents, and I would single out in particu- sense, we must act with the maximum pos- lar my predecessor, , and past sible support. The United States can and Secretaries of Defense sustained a strong should lead, but we will want to act in con- military. Consistent with this sacred trust, I cert, where possible involving the United Na- am proud to pass on to my successor, Presi- tions or other multinational grouping. The dent-elect Clinton, a military second to none. United States can and should contribute to We have the very best. the common undertaking in a manner com- Yet, it is essential to recognize that as im- mensurate with our wealth, with our portant as such factors are, any military is strength. But others should also contribute more than simply the sum of its weapons or militarily, be it by providing combat or sup- the state of its technology. What makes any port forces, access to facilities or bases, or armed force truly effective is the quality of overflight rights. And similarly, others should its leadership, the quality of its training, the contribute economically. It is unreasonable quality of its people. to expect the United States to bear the full We have succeeded abroad in no small financial burden of intervention when other part because of our people in uniform. The nations have a stake in the outcome. men and women in our armed forces have A desire for international support must not demonstrated their ability to master the chal- become a prerequisite for acting, though. lenges of modern warfare. And at the same Sometimes a great power has to act alone. time, and whether on the battlefield of Iraq I made a tough decision—I might say, on or in some tiny little village in Somalia, advice of our outstanding military leaders America’s soldiers have always brought a who are so well known to everybody here— quality of caring and kindness to their mis- to use military force in Panama when Amer- sion. Who will ever forget—I know I won’t— ican lives and the security of the Canal ap- those terrified Iraqi soldiers surrendering to peared to be threatened by outlaws who stole American troops? And who will forget the power in the face of free elections. And simi- way the American soldier held out his arms

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and said, ‘‘It’s okay. You’re all right now.’’ beyond one’s self. Now, I speak of family, Or in Somalia, the young marine, eyes filled of community, of ideals. I speak of duty, with tears, holding the fragile arm of an ema- honor, country. ciated child. There can be no doubt about There are many forms of contributing to it: The All Volunteer Force is one of the true this country, of public service. Yes, there is success stories of modern day America. government. There is voluntarism—I love to It is instructive to look at just why this is talk about the thousand Points of Light, one so. At its heart, a voluntary military is based American helping another—the daily tasks upon choice—you all know that—the deci- that require doing in our classrooms, in our sion freely taken by young men and women hospitals, our cities, our farms. All can and to join, the decision by more mature men do represent a form of service. In whatever and women to remain. And the institution form, service benefits our society, and it en- of the Armed Forces has thrived on its com- nobles the giver. It is a cherished American mitment to developing and promoting excel- concept, one we should continue to practice lence. It is meritocracy in action. Race, reli- and pass on to our children. gion, wealth, background count not. Indeed, This was what I wanted to share on this the military offers many examples for the rest occasion. You are beginning your service to of society, showing what can be done to country, and I am nearing the end of mine. eradicate the scourge of drugs, to break down In exactly half a century ago, in June of 1942, the barriers of racial discrimination, to offer as General Graves mentioned, we were at equal opportunity to women. war, and I was graduating from school. The This is not just a result of self-selection. speaker that day at Andover was the then- It also reflects the military’s commitment to Secretary of War, Henry Stimson. And his education and training. You know, people message was one of public service, but with speak of defense conversion, the process by a twist—on the importance of finishing one’s which the defense firms retool for civilian schooling before going off to fight for one’s tasks. Well, defense conversion within the country. military has been going on for years. It is I listened closely to what he had to say, the constant process of training and retrain- but I didn’t take his advice. And that day ing, which the military does so well, that al- was my 18th birthday. And when the com- lows individuals to keep up with the latest mencement ceremony ended, I went on into technology, take on more challenging assign- Boston and enlisted in the Navy as a seaman ments, and prepare for life on the outside. 2d class. And I never regretted it. You, too, Out of this culture of merit and competi- have signed up. You, too, will never regret tion have emerged hundreds of thousands of it. And I salute you for it. highly skilled men and women brimming Fortunately, because of the sacrifices with real self-confidence. What they possess made in years before and still being made, is a special mix of discipline, a willingness you should be able to complete this phase to accept direction, and the confidence—a of your education. A half century has passed willingness to accept responsibility. To- since I left school to go into the service; a gether, discipline and confidence provide the half century has passed since that day when basis for winning, for getting the job done. Stimson spoke of the challenge of creating There is no higher calling, no more honor- a new world. able choice than the one that you here today You will also be entering a new world, one have made. To join the Armed Forces is to far better than the one I came to know, a be prepared to make the ultimate sacrifice world with the potential to be far better yet. for your country and for your fellow man. This is the challenge. This is the opportunity What you have done, what you are doing, of your lifetimes. I envy you for it, and I sends an important message, one that I fear wish you Godspeed. And while I’m at it, as sometimes gets lost amidst today’s often ma- your Commander in Chief, I hereby grant terialist, self-interested culture. It is impor- amnesty to the Corps of Cadets. tant to remember, it is important to dem- Thank you all very much. Thank you. onstrate that there is a higher purpose to life Thank you very, very much. Good luck to

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all of you. Warm up here. Good luck to you be treated as critical positions within the guys. Thank you. meaning of 5 U.S.C. 5377(a)(2). Sec. 3. This order shall be effective imme- Note: The President spoke at 1:22 p.m. in diately. the Washington Mess Hall at the U.S. Mili- tary Academy. In his remarks, he referred George Bush to Lt. Gen. Howard D. Graves, USA, Super- The White House, intendent of the Academy, and his wife, January 5, 1993. Gracie; Gen. Gordon R. Sullivan, USA, Chief of Staff of the Army; Brig. Gen. Robert Foley, USA, Commandant of the Academy; Brig. [Filed with the Office of the Federal Register, Gen. Gerald R. Galloway, USA, Dean of the 4:42 p.m., January 5, 1993] Academy; Cadet Shawn Daniel, 1st Capt., Note: This Executive order was published in U.S. Corps of Cadets; and Gen. John R. the Federal Register on January 7. Galvin, USA, Ret., visiting professor in the Academy’s department of social science.

Proclamation 6522—Braille Literacy Executive Order 12828—Delegation Week, 1993 of Certain Personnel Management January 5, 1993 Authorities January 5, 1993 By the President of the United States By the authority vested in me as President of America by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, including section A Proclamation 301 of title 3 of the United States Code and Standardized for use in the United States sections 3502(e), 4505a(e), and 5377(i)(2) of in 1932, braille is the primary tactile system title 5 of the United States Code, it is hereby for reading and writing used by blind individ- ordered as follows: uals today. The braille system uses raised Section 1. The Office of Personnel Man- dots to represent the letters of the alphabet, agement is designated and empowered to ex- symbols of punctuation, mathematic and sci- ercise, without the approval, ratification, or entific characters, music and computer nota- other action of the President, the following: tion, and foreign language signs. (1) The authority of the President under Through braille, a person who is visually 5 U.S.C. 3502(e), as added by section 4433 impaired is given the key to unlock the power of Public Law 102–484, to shorten the period of the written word. Braille enables blind in- of advance notice otherwise required by law dividuals to achieve the many rewards of lit- with respect to reductions in force. eracy, including educational advancement, (2) The authority of the President under personal independence, and economic op- 5 U.S.C. 4505a(e), as added by section 2(19) portunity and security. Braille also enables of Public Law 102–378, to permit perform- its users to enjoy the full form, structure, and ance-based cash awards to be paid to cat- beauty of printed poetry and prose. egories of employees who would not other- Over the past 60 years, the braille system wise be eligible. has continued to open doors of learning and Sec. 2. The Director of the Office of Man- opportunity for blind Americans. This week agement and Budget is designated and em- we acknowledge the importance of braille powered to exercise, without the approval, and recognize the many dedicated individ- ratification, or other action of the President, uals who teach and promote this system as the authority of the President under 5 U.S.C. a tool of achievement. 5377(i)(2), as added by section 2(34) of Pub- The Congress, by House Joint Resolution lic Law 102–378, to designate one or more 353, has designated the week of January 3 categories of positions within an agency to through January 9, 1993, as ‘‘Braille Literacy

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Week’’ and has authorized and requested the ing ensures that an officer is prepared to President to issue a proclamation in observ- maintain law and order while, at the same ance of this week. time, protecting the rights and safety of indi- Now, Therefore, I, George Bush, Presi- vidual citizens. dent of the United States of America, do As law enforcement agencies employ in- hereby proclaim the week of January 3 creasingly sophisticated technology and tech- through January 9, 1993, as Braille Literacy niques in the fight against crime, the need Week and invite all Americans to observe this for highly specialized education and training week with appropriate programs and activi- continues to increase as well. Today an offi- ties. cer’s training in traditional investigative In Witness Whereof, I have hereunto set methods may also include more advanced my hand this fifth day of January, in the year studies in ballistics, toxicology, computer of our Lord nineteen hundred and ninety- science, psychology, and other complex three, and of the Independence of the fields. For the veteran as well as the rookie, United States of America the two hundred for the administrator behind the desk as well and seventeenth. as the officer on the beat—continuing edu- George Bush cation and training are essential to meeting new challenges in police work. [Filed with the Office of the Federal Register, All Americans benefit from programs that 2:28 p.m., January 6, 1993] contribute to the knowledge, professional- ism, and skill of our Nation’s law enforce- Note: This proclamation was published in ment officers, and this week we gratefully the Federal Register on January 8. salute the dedicated individuals whose in- struction and guidance assist officers in the Proclamation 6523—National Law performance of their duties. We also recog- Enforcement Training Week, 1993 nize the many rewarding career opportuni- ties that are available to young people in law January 5, 1993 enforcement and related occupations, and encourage parents and teachers to make the By the President of the United States observance of this week a rewarding learning of America opportunity for children—one that instills in them a healthy respect for the law and for A Proclamation the courageous men and women who are The effectiveness of any Federal, State, or pledged to defend it. local law enforcement agency depends on In order to heighten public awareness of knowledgeable, well-trained, and highly the importance of law enforcement training qualified personnel. Building such a force re- and its related fields, the Congress, by Senate quires rigorous education and training, not Joint Resolution 304, has designated the only before an officer earns the badge, but week of January 3 through January 9, 1993, also throughout his or her career. as ‘‘National Law Enforcement Training Whether intervening in a violent domestic Week’’ and has authorized and requested the dispute, apprehending a suspected drug President to issue a proclamation in observ- dealer, or assisting at the site of a traffic acci- ance of this week. dent, law enforcement officers are often re- Now, Therefore, I, George Bush, Presi- quired to make split-second decisions that dent of the United States of America, do could mean the difference between life and hereby proclaim the week beginning January death. Therefore, in addition to knowledge 3, 1993, as National Law Enforcement Train- of criminal statutes and fundamental rules of ing Week. I invite all Americans to observe procedure, law enforcement training encom- this week with appropriate programs and ac- passes basic skills on which an officer’s sur- tivities. vival and other human lives depend. From In Witness Whereof, I have hereunto set physical conditioning and self-defense tech- my hand this fifth day of January, in the year niques to the safe use of firearms, such train- of our Lord nineteen hundred and ninety-

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three, and of the Independence of the Turkish Foreign Minister Cetin. Ambassador United States of America the two hundred Ledsky, accompanied by his designated suc- and seventeenth. cessor, Ambassador John Maresca, had addi- George Bush tional separate meetings with President Vassiliou, Foreign Ministers Papakonstan- [Filed with the Office of the Federal Register, tinou and Cetin, and representatives of the 3:57 p.m., January 6, 1993] Turkish Cypriot community. Note: This proclamation was published in Ambassador Maresca traveled to Cyprus, the Federal Register on January 8. Greece, and Turkey during the second and third weeks of October to do more pre- paratory work for the talks in New York that Letter to Congressional Leaders were scheduled to resume on October 26. Reporting on the Cyprus Conflict During the same period, the U.N. Secretary January 5, 1993 General’s representatives traveled to Cyprus, Greece, and Turkey to prepare for the talks. Dear Mr. Speaker: (Dear Mr. Chairman:) Face-to-face meetings between President In accordance with Public Law 95–384 (22 Vassiliou and Mr. Denktash under the chair- U.S.C. 2373(c)), I am submitting to you this manship of the U.N. Secretary General re- bimonthly report on progress toward a nego- sumed on October 28 in New York, a 2-day tiated settlement of the Cyprus question. delay having been caused by problems relat- This report covers the months of September ed to the way titles of the two leaders were and October and, for the sake of continuity listed in the U.N. Secretariat daily agenda. and completeness, the first 12 days of No- Between October 28 and November 11, vember 1992. Also, included with this report there were 10 joint meetings, during which are the U.N. Secretary General’s report on the Secretary General recorded in detail the the October-November negotiating round positions of the two parties on the U.N. ‘‘set and U.N. Security Council Resolution 789, of ideas’’ for a framework for a Cyprus settle- which endorsed that report, both of which ment. (A copy of the ‘‘set of ideas’’ was ap- were issued in the latter half of November pended to the Secretary General’s report of 1992. August 21, 1992, which was provided with Most of the September-October reporting my last letter on this subject.) period was taken up with preparations for Having noted the positions of the parties, the resumption of U.N.-sponsored Cyprus the Secretary General prepared a ‘‘non- negotiations scheduled for October 26. Dur- paper’’ setting out the essential elements of ing the second and third weeks of Septem- the positions of both sides, along with rel- ber, Ambassador Nelson Ledsky made his evant parts of the ‘‘set of ideas’’ and U.N. last trip to Cyprus, Greece, and Turkey be- resolutions. Both sides confirmed that their fore retiring September 30 and relinquishing respective positions were accurately reflected his position as Special Cyprus Coordinator in the Secretary General’s ‘‘non-paper.’’ to Ambassador John Maresca. During his visit to the area, Ambassador Ledsky dis- The Secretary General’s report to the Se- cussed the status and future of the negotia- curity Council of November 19, 1992, on his tions with President Vassiliou of Cyprus, good offices mission in Cyprus, which is at- Turkish Cypriot Leader Rauf Denktash, tached, went into some detail on the posi- Prime Minister Demirel of Turkey, and tions of the two parties, and noted that in Prime Minister Mitsotakis of Greece. some areas the Turkish Cypriot side deviated During the third week of September, the from the U.N. ‘‘set of ideas.’’ The Secretary first week of the 1992 Session of the United General also noted that, although the Greek Nations General Assembly, then Acting Sec- Cypriot side declared it accepted provisions retary of State Lawrence Eagleburger met of the ‘‘set of ideas,’’ such declarations were in New York with President Vassiliou, Greek frequently accompanied by provisos. He stat- Foreign Minister Papakonstantinou, and ed that these questions should be cleared up

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in a manner that does not deviate from the mit themselves to the implementation of the ‘‘set of ideas.’’ confidence-building measures set out in Res- The Secretary General, in paragraph 59 of olution 789 and to come to the next round his report, indicated that intensive efforts had of talks prepared to make the difficult deci- failed to produce an overall agreement, and sions that will bring about a speedy agree- he concluded that the lack of political will ment. mentioned in his previous report ‘‘continues Sincerely, to block the conclusion of an agreement that is otherwise within reach.’’ He noted in the George Bush following paragraph that the Security Coun- cil had asked in its Resolution 774 (provided Note: Identical letters were sent to Thomas with my last letter) that, should an agreement S. Foley, Speaker of the House of Representa- not be reached, the Secretary General should tives, and Claiborne Pell, Chairman of the recommend alternative courses of action to Senate Committee on Foreign Relations. resolve the Cyprus problem. Subsequent paragraphs outline his proposals, including a number of measures to help create a new climate of confidence between the two par- Executive Order 12829—National ties, which would contribute to the success Industrial Security Program of the negotiating process. These confidence- January 6, 1993 building measures are outlined in paragraph 63 of the Secretary General’s report. This order establishes a National Industrial On November 25, the U.N. Security Security Program to safeguard Federal Gov- Council adopted its Resolution 789, which ernment classified information that is re- endorsed the U.N. Secretary General’s re- leased to contractors, licensees, and grantees port of November 19, and urged both sides of the United States Government. To pro- to commit themselves to the Secretary Gen- mote our national interests, the United States eral’s series of confidence-building measures, Government issues contracts, licenses, and including initiating a significant reduction of grants to nongovernment organizations. foreign troops and defense spending on the When these arrangements require access to island. classified information, the national security I am happy to note that, before departing requires that this information be safeguarded New York in November, the parties agreed in a manner equivalent to its protection with- to resume their face-to-face negotiations in in the executive branch of Government. The March 1993, which will be after the presi- national security also requires that our indus- dential elections in the Republic of Cyprus trial security program promote the economic scheduled for February 7, 1993. We would and technological interests of the United have preferred, of course, that the October- States. Redundant, overlapping, or unneces- November round of negotiations would have sary requirements impede those interests. proceeded beyond the point of defining posi- Therefore, the National Industrial Security tions and differences and would have entered Program shall serve as a single, integrated, the phase of bridging gaps between the posi- cohesive industrial security program to pro- tions of the parties and the U.N. ‘‘set of tect classified information and to preserve ideas,’’ including the Secretary General’s our Nation’s economic and technological in- map, which remains the basis for negotiations terests. for a fair and permanent resolution that Therefore, by the authority vested in me would benefit all Cypriots. as President by the Constitution and the laws I continue to believe and to agree with the of the United States of America, including statement in Security Council Resolution 789 the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended that the present status quo is not acceptable. (42 U.S.C. 2011–2286), the National Security An overall agreement in line with the U.N. Act of 1947, as amended (codified as amend- ‘‘set of ideas’’ should be achieved without fur- ed in scattered sections of the United States ther delay. I also urge all concerned to com- Code), and the Federal Advisory Committee

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Act, as amended (5 U.S.C. App. 2), it is here- shall remain in effect pending a prompt deci- by ordered as follows: sion on the appeal; (4) have the authority, pursuant to terms PART 1. ESTABLISHMENT AND POLICY of applicable contracts, licenses, grants, or Section 101. Establishment. (a) There is regulations, to conduct on-site reviews of the established a National Industrial Security implementation of the National Industrial Program. The purpose of this program is to Security Program by each agency, contractor, safeguard classified information that may be licensee, and grantee that has access to or released or has been released to current, pro- stores classified information and to require spective, or former contractors, licensees, or of each agency, contractor, licensee, and grantees of United States agencies. For the grantee those reports, information, and other purposes of this order, the terms ‘‘contractor, cooperation that may be necessary to fulfill licensee, or grantee’’ means current, pro- the Director’s responsibilities. If these re- spective, or former contractors, licensees, or ports, inspections, or access to specific classi- grantees of United States agencies. The Na- fied information, or other forms of coopera- tional Industrial Security Program shall be tion, would pose an exceptional national se- applicable to all executive branch depart- curity risk, the affected agency head or the ments and agencies. senior official designated under section (b) The National Industrial Security Pro- 203(a) of this order may request the National gram shall provide for the protection of infor- Security Council to deny access to the Direc- mation classified pursuant to Executive tor. The Director shall not have access pend- Order No. 12356 of April 2, 1982, or its suc- ing a prompt decision by the National Secu- cessor, and the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, rity Council; as amended. (5) report any violations of this order or (c) For the purposes of this order, the term its implementing directives to the head of ‘‘contractor’’ does not include individuals en- the agency or to the senior official designated gaged under personal services contracts. under section 203(a) of this order so that cor- Sec. 102. Policy Direction. (a) The Na- rective action, if appropriate, may be taken. tional Security Council shall provide overall Any such report pertaining to the implemen- policy direction for the National Industrial tation of the National Industrial Security Pro- Security Program. gram by a contractor, licensee, or grantee (b) The Director of the Information Secu- shall be directed to the agency that is exercis- rity Oversight Office, established under Ex- ing operational oversight over the contractor, ecutive Order No. 12356 of April 2, 1982, licensee, or grantee under section 202 of this shall be responsible for implementing and order; monitoring the National Industrial Security (6) consider and take action on complaints Program and shall: and suggestions from persons within or out- (1) develop, in consultation with the agen- side the Government with respect to the ad- cies, and promulgate subject to the approval ministration of the National Industrial Secu- of the National Security Council, directives rity Program; for the implementation of this order, which (7) consider, in consultation with the advi- shall be binding on the agencies; sory committee established by this order, af- (2) oversee agency, contractor, licensee, fected agencies, contractors, licensees, and and grantee actions to ensure compliance grantees, and recommend to the President with this order and implementing directives; through the National Security Council (3) review all agency implementing regula- changes to this order; and tions, internal rules, or guidelines. The Di- (8) report at least annually to the President rector shall require any regulation, rule, or through the National Security Council on the guideline to be changed if it is not consistent implementation of the National Industrial with this order or implementing directives. Security Program. Any such decision by the Director may be (c) Nothing in this order shall be construed appealed to the National Security Council. to supersede the authority of the Secretary The agency regulation, rule, or guideline of Energy or the Nuclear Regulatory Com-

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mission under the Atomic Energy Act of the Congress, which are applicable to the 1954, as amended, or the authority of the Committee, shall be performed by the Ad- Director of Central Intelligence under the ministrator of General Services in accord- National Security Act of 1947, as amended, ance with the guidelines and procedures es- or Executive Order No. 12333 of December tablished by the General Services Adminis- 8, 1981. tration. Sec. 103. National Industrial Security PART 2. OPERATIONS Program Policy Advisory Committee. (a) Es- tablishment. There is established the Na- Sec. 201. National Industrial Security tional Industrial Security Program Policy Ad- Program Operating Manual. (a) The Sec- visory Committee (‘‘Committee’’). The Di- retary of Defense, in consultation with all af- rector of the Information Security Oversight fected agencies and with the concurrence of Office shall serve as Chairman of the Com- the Secretary of Energy, the Nuclear Regu- mittee and appoint the members of the Com- latory Commission, and the Director of Cen- mittee. The members of the Committee shall tral Intelligence, shall issue and maintain a be the representatives of those departments National Industrial Security Program Oper- and agencies most affected by the National ating Manual (‘‘Manual’’). The Secretary of Industrial Security Program and nongovern- Energy and the Nuclear Regulatory Commis- ment representatives of contractors, licens- sion shall prescribe and issue that portion of ees, or grantees involved with classified con- the Manual that pertains to information clas- tracts, licenses, or grants, as determined by sified under the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, the Chairman. as amended. The Director of Central Intel- (b) Functions. (1) The Committee mem- ligence shall prescribe and issue that portion bers shall advise the Chairman of the Com- of the Manual that pertains to intelligence mittee on all matters concerning the policies sources and methods, including Sensitive of the National Industrial Security Program, Compartmented Information. including recommended changes to those (b) The Manual shall prescribe specific re- policies as reflected in this order, its imple- quirements, restrictions, and other safe- menting directives, or the operating manual guards that are necessary to preclude unau- established under this order, and serve as a thorized disclosure and control authorized forum to discuss policy issues in dispute. disclosure of classified information to con- (2) The Committee shall meet at the re- tractors, licensees, or grantees. The Manual quest of the Chairman, but at least twice dur- shall apply to the release of classified infor- ing the calendar year. mation during all phases of the contracting (c) Administration. (1) Members of the process including bidding, negotiation, Committee shall serve without compensation award, performance, and termination of con- for their work on the Committee. However, tracts, the licensing process, or the grant nongovernment members may be allowed process, with or under the control of depart- travel expenses, including per diem in lieu ments or agencies. of subsistence, as authorized by law for per- (c) The Manual shall also prescribe re- sons serving intermittently in the Govern- quirements, restrictions, and other safe- ment service (5 U.S.C. 5701–5707). guards that are necessary to protect special (2) To the extent permitted by law and classes of classified information, including subject to the availability of funds, the Ad- Restricted Data, Formerly Restricted Data, ministrator of General Services shall provide intelligence sources and methods informa- the Committee with administrative services, tion, Sensitive Compartmented Information, facilities, staff, and other support services and Special Access Program information. necessary for the performance of its func- (d) In establishing particular require- tions. ments, restrictions, and other safeguards (d) General. Notwithstanding any other within the Manual, the Secretary of Defense, Executive order, the functions of the Presi- the Secretary of Energy, the Nuclear Regu- dent under the Federal Advisory Committee latory Commission, and the Director of Cen- Act, as amended, except that of reporting to tral Intelligence shall take into account

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these factors: (i) the damage to the national (c) The Secretary of Energy and the Nu- security that reasonably could be expected clear Regulatory Commission retain author- to result from an unauthorized disclosure; (ii) ity over access to information under their re- the existing or anticipated threat to the dis- spective programs classified under the Atom- closure of information; and (iii) the short- ic Energy Act of 1954, as amended. The Sec- and long-term costs of the requirements, re- retary or the Commission may inspect and strictions, and other safeguards. monitor contractor, licensee, and grantee (e) To the extent that is practicable and programs and facilities that involve access to reasonable, the requirements, restrictions, such information or may enter into written and safeguards that the Manual establishes agreements with the Secretary of Defense, for the protection of classified information as Executive Agent, to inspect and monitor by contractors, licensees, and grantees shall these programs or facilities, in whole or in be consistent with the requirements, restric- part, on behalf of the Secretary or the Com- tions, and safeguards that directives imple- mission, respectively. menting Executive Order No. 12356 of April (d) The Executive Agent shall have the au- 2, 1982, or the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, thority to issue, after consultation with af- as amended, establish for the protection of fected agencies, standard forms or other classified information by agencies. Upon re- standardization that will promote the imple- quest by the Chairman of the Committee, mentation of the National Industrial Security the Secretary of Defense shall provide an ex- Program. planation and justification for any require- Sec. 203. Implementation. (a) The head ment, restriction, or safeguard that results in of each agency that enters into classified con- a standard for the protection of classified in- tracts, licenses, or grants shall designate a formation by contractors, licensees, and senior agency official to direct and administer grantees that differs from the standard that the agency’s implementation and compliance applies to agencies. with the National Industrial Security Pro- (f) The Manual shall be issued no later gram. than 1 year from the issuance of this order. (b) Agency implementing regulations, in- Sec. 202. Operational Oversight. (a) The ternal rules, or guidelines shall be consistent Secretary of Defense shall serve as Executive with this order, its implementing directives, Agent for inspecting and monitoring the con- and the Manual. Agencies shall issue these tractors, licensees, and grantees who require regulations, rules, or guidelines no later than or will require access to, or who store or will 180 days from the issuance of the Manual. store classified information; and for deter- They may incorporate all or portions of the mining the eligibility for access to classified Manual by reference. information of contractors, licensees, and (c) Each agency head or the senior official grantees and their respective employees. The designated under paragraph (a) above shall heads of agencies shall enter into agreements take appropriate and prompt corrective ac- with the Secretary of Defense that establish tion whenever a violation of this order, its the terms of the Secretary’s responsibilities implementing directives, or the Manual oc- on behalf of these agency heads. curs. (b) The Director of Central Intelligence (d) The senior agency official designated retains authority over access to intelligence under paragraph (a) above shall account each sources and methods, including Sensitive year for the costs within the agency associ- Compartmented Information. The Director ated with the implementation of the National of Central Intelligence may inspect and mon- Industrial Security Program. These costs itor contractor, licensee, and grantee pro- shall be reported to the Director of the Infor- grams and facilities that involve access to mation Security Oversight Office, who shall such information or may enter into written include them in the reports to the President agreements with the Secretary of Defense, prescribed by this order. as Executive Agent, to inspect and monitor (e) The Secretary of Defense, with the these programs or facilities, in whole or in concurrence of the Administrator of General part, on the Director’s behalf. Services, the Administrator of the National

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Aeronautics and Space Administration, and (3) Section 2 is amended by inserting the such other agency heads or officials who may words ‘‘pursuant to Executive Order No. be responsible, shall amend the Federal Ac- 12829’’ after the word ‘‘information.’’ quisition Regulation to be consistent with the (4) Section 3 is amended by inserting the implementation of the National Industrial words ‘‘pursuant to Executive Order No. Security Program. 12829’’ between the words ‘‘revoked’’ and (f) All contracts, licenses, or grants that in- ‘‘by’’ in the second clause of that section. volve access to classified information and that (5) Section 6 is amended by striking out are advertised or proposed following the the words ‘‘The Secretary of State, the Sec- issuance of agency regulations, rules, or retary of Defense, the Administrator of the guide-lines described in paragraph (b) above National Aeronautics and Space Administra- shall comply with the National Industrial Se- tion, the Secretary of Transportation, or his curity Program. To the extent that is feasible, representative, or the head of any other de- economical, and permitted by law, agencies partment or agency of the United States with shall amend, modify, or convert preexisting which the Department of Defense makes an contracts, licenses, or grants, or previously agreement under section (1)(b),’’ at the be- advertised or proposed contracts, licenses, or ginning of the first sentence, and inserting in their place ‘‘The head of a department of grants, that involve access to classified infor- the United States ... .’’ mation for operation under the National In- dustrial Security Program. Any direct inspec- (6) Section 8 is amended by striking out tion or monitoring of contractors, licensees, paragraphs (1) through (7) and inserting in or grantees specified by this order shall be their place ‘‘. . . the deputy of that depart- carried out pursuant to the terms of a con- ment, or the principal assistant to the head tract, license, grant, or regulation. of that department, as the case may be.’’ (h) All delegations, rules, regulations, or- (g) Executive Order No. 10865 of Feb- ders, directives, agreements, contracts, li- ruary 20, 1960, as amended by Executive censes, and grants issued under preexisting Order No. 10909 of January 17, 1961, and authorities, including section 1(a) and (b) of Executive Order No. 11382 of November 27, Executive Order No. 10865 of February 20, 1967, is hereby amended as follows: 1960, as amended, by Executive Order No. (1) Section 1(a) and (b) are revoked as of 10909 of January 17, 1961, and Executive the effective date of this order. Order No. 11382 of November 27, 1967, shall remain in full force and effect until (2) Section 1(c) is renumbered as Section amended, modified, or terminated pursuant 1 and is amended to read as follows: to authority of this order. ‘‘Section 1. When used in this order, the (i) This order shall be effective imme- term ‘head of a department’ means the Sec- diately. retary of State, the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of Transportation, the Secretary of George Bush Energy, the Nuclear Regulatory Commis- The White House, sion, the Administrator of the National Aero- January 6, 1993. nautics and Space Administration, and, in section 4, the Attorney General. The term ‘head of a department’ also means the head [Filed with the Office of the Federal Register, of any department or agency, including but 10:52 a.m., January 7, 1993] not limited to those referenced above with whom the Department of Defense makes an agreement to extend regulations prescribed by the Secretary of Defense concerning au- Note: This Executive order was released by thorizations for access to classified informa- the Office of the Press Secretary on January tion pursuant to Executive Order No. 7, and it was published in the Federal Reg- 12829.’’ ister on January 8.

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Letter to Congressional Leaders in the future, as approximately 94 million Transmitting Forest Service Reports people presently live within a day’s drive of January 7, 1993 the Red River. Greenbrier River: Dear Mr. Speaker: (Dear Mr. President:) I am pleased to transmit to the Congress The Greenbrier River in was three study reports prepared by the Depart- studied by the Forest Service, in cooperation ment of Agriculture’s Forest Service. I sup- with the State of West Virginia and local port the recommendations provided by the communities. The Secretary recommends Secretary of Agriculture in each of these re- that 133 miles of the river be added to the ports. The three reports are: System through local and State initiatives. (1) Wild and Scenic River study and draft Outstanding outdoor recreation values are legislation to designate 19.4 miles of the associated with the Greenbrier River and its Red River in Kentucky as part of the corridor lands. Recreation activities include National Wild and Scenic Rivers Sys- boating, whitewater canoeing, primitive and tem. developed site camping, hiking, fishing, (2) Wild and Scenic River study and rec- hunting, spelunking, and cross-country ski- ommendation for designation of 133 ing. In recognition of these values, the State miles of the Greenbrier River in West of West Virginia has already included the Virginia as a component of the National main stem of the Greenbrier River below Wild and Scenic Rivers System under Knapps Creek under the West Virginia Natu- State administration and jurisdiction. ral Streams Preservation Act. This Act main- (3) Wilderness study report for the Pyra- tains the free-flowing character of that por- mid Peak Wilderness Study Area in tion of the river. This indicates the consider- California with a recommendation that able support by local residents and interest this area be released from further con- groups for protection of the values of the sideration for wilderness designation. river corridor, provided such protection is Current management will emphasize under local management control. nonmotorized, dispersed recreation, es- Under the approach recommended by the sentially maintaining the area in an un- Secretary, the decision to seek designation developed state. as a Wild and Scenic River would be the pre- rogative of the State. First, the West Virginia Red River: State legislature would include the remain- I am particularly pleased to transmit legis- der of the upper Greenbrier River under the lation to designate 19.4 miles of the Red West Virginia Natural Streams Preservation River as a component of the National Wild Act. Second, a group would be formed locally and Scenic Rivers System. Designation of the to develop a proposed management plan for Red River received strong public support the river, which would be reviewed and ap- during the study, and this would be the first proved by the Governor. The Governor Wild and Scenic River designated in the would then recommend to the Secretary of State of Kentucky. the Interior that the Greenbrier River be fed- The natural, scenic, and recreational quali- erally designated under section 2(a)(ii) of the ties of the Red River are unique and irre- Wild and Scenic Rivers Act. If the Secretary placeable resources. The majority of the river approves, the river would be so designated, corridor is within the Red River National and the State would have the primary re- Geologic Area, a ‘‘geological wonderland’’ of sponsibility for administration of the river ac- sedimentary rock formations unique to that cording to the management plan. I am hope- area and the United States. The Red River ful that the State of West Virginia will assume also flows through the scenic Clifty Wilder- this responsibility. ness for a distance of 4.5 miles. This emphasis on local control is rec- Recreational use of the Red River and ad- ommend over Federal administration of the jacent lands totaled over 200,000 visitor days river because the State of West Virginia al- in 1990. This figure is expected to increase ready manages a significant portion of the

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river corridor lands and the recreational ac- in the National Wilderness Preservation Sys- tivities associated with the river. In addition, tem. the corridor includes a significant acreage of Sincerely, private lands that can be most effectively George Bush managed through local land-use controls and landowner participation. Landowners are Note: Identical letters were sent to Thomas particularly concerned that Federal adminis- S. Foley, Speaker of the House of Representa- tration would impact management and use tives, and Dan Quayle, President of the Sen- of their private lands. I believe that the Sec- ate. retary’s recommendation provides for protec- tion of the river’s natural values, while main- taining control at the local level. Letter to Congressional Leaders Transmitting Proposed Legislation Pyramid Peak: on Colorado Public Lands Wilderness The third report addresses the Pyramid Peak Planning Area in the San Bernardino January 7, 1993 National Forest in California. The Congress directed that this area be studied as a poten- Dear Mr. Speaker: (Dear Mr. President:) tial Wilderness Area in the California Wilder- I am pleased to submit for congressional ness Act of 1984. The suitability of this area consideration and passage the ‘‘Colorado for inclusion in the National Wilderness Public Lands Wilderness Act’’. Preservation System was analyzed in the San The Federal Land Policy and Manage- Bernardino National Forest Plan, which was ment Act of 1976 (FLPMA), (43 U.S.C. 1701 implemented in 1989. The Forest Plan deci- et seq.), directs the Secretary of the Interior sion was to allocate this area to a manage- to review the wilderness potential of the pub- ment prescription that emphasizes non- lic lands. motorized, dispersed recreation manage- The review of the areas identified in Colo- ment, essentially maintaining the area in an rado began immediately after the enactment undeveloped state. This management direc- of FLPMA and has now been completed. Ap- tion has advantages over wilderness designa- proximately 771,822 acres of public lands in tion because it provides for development of 54 areas in Colorado met the minimum wil- habitat improvement projects, both for the derness criteria and were designated as wil- bighorn sheep and other wildlife species in derness study areas (WSAs). These WSAs the area. Nonwilderness management will were studied and analyzed during the review also allow treatment of vegetation to enhance process and the results documented in eight resources such as water yield and to reduce environmental impact statements and five in- fuel accumulations. I support the Secretary’s stant study area reports. The wilderness stud- recommendation and request that the Pyra- ies and reviews have now been completed mid Peak Planning Area be released from except for four areas that are contiguous to further consideration for wilderness designa- the Sangre de Cristo Study Area adminis- tion. tered by the U.S. Forest Service and were Transmittal of these recommendations to studied under section 202 of FLPMA. They the Congress fulfills the requirements of sec- will remain under wilderness review pending tion 5(b) of the Wild and Scenic Rivers Act resolution of the Sangre de Cristo study. and section 102 of the California Wilderness Based on the studies and reviews of the Act of 1984. I urge the Congress to pass legis- WSAs, the Secretary of the Interior rec- lation designating the Red River as a compo- ommends that all or part of 20 of the WSAs, nent of the National Wild and Scenic Rivers totaling 395,792 acres of public lands, be des- System. I also request that the Congress take ignated as part of the National Wilderness no action at this time to designate the Preservation System. Greenbrier River as a Wild and Scenic River I concur with the Secretary of the Interi- or include the Pyramid Peak Planning Area or’s recommendations and am pleased to rec-

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ommend designation of the 18 areas (395,792 Also enclosed are a letter and report from acres) identified in the enclosed bill as addi- the Secretary of the Interior concerning the tions to the National Wilderness Preservation WSAs discussed above and a section-by-sec- System. tion analysis of the draft legislation. I urge The proposed additions represent the di- the Congress to act expeditiously and favor- versity of wilderness values in the State of ably on the proposed legislation so that the Colorado. These range from the 14,000-foot natural resources of these WSAs in Colorado Redcloud Peak to the canyons of the Dolo- may be protected and preserved. res, Gunnison, and Yampa Rivers, to the 13 Sincerely, natural arches of the Black Ridge Canyons. George Bush These areas span a wide variety of Colorado landforms, ecosystems, and other natural sys- Note: Identical letters were sent to Thomas tems and features. Their inclusion in the wil- S. Foley, Speaker of the House of Representa- derness system will improve the geographic tives, and Dan Quayle, President of the Sen- distribution of wilderness areas in Colorado, ate. and will complement existing areas of con- gressionally designated wilderness. They will provide new and outstanding opportunities Letter to Congressional Leaders for solitude and unconfined recreation. Transmitting Proposed Legislation The enclosed draft legislation provides on Montana Public Lands Wilderness that designation as wilderness shall not con- January 7, 1993 stitute a reservation of water or water rights for wilderness purposes. This is consistent Dear Mr. Speaker: (Dear Mr. President:) with the fact that the Congress did not estab- I am pleased to submit for congressional lish a Federal reserved water right for wilder- consideration and passage the ‘‘Montana ness purposes. The Administration has estab- Public Lands Wilderness Act’’. lished the policy that, where it is necessary The Federal Land Policy and Manage- to obtain water rights for wilderness purposes ment Act of 1976 (FLPMA), (43 U.S.C. 1701 in a specific wilderness area, water rights et seq.), directs the Secretary of the Interior would be sought from the State by filing to review the wilderness potential of the pub- under State water laws. Furthermore, it is lic lands. the policy of the Administration that the des- The review of the areas identified in Mon- ignation of wilderness areas should not inter- tana began immediately after the enactment fere with the use of water rights, State water of FLPMA and has now been completed. Ap- administration, or the use of a State’s inter- proximately 470,443 acres of public lands in state water allocation. 46 areas in Montana met the minimum wil- The draft legislation also provides for ac- derness criteria and were designated as wil- cess to wilderness areas by Indian people for derness study areas (WSAs). Six WSAs con- traditional cultural and religious purposes. taining 17,880 acres were subsequently re- Access by the general public may be limited leased from further wilderness review in order to protect the privacy of religious through the Bureau of Land Management’s cultural activities taking place in specific wil- land use planning process, and four other derness areas. In addition, to the fullest ex- small areas containing approximately 5,236 tent practicable, the Department of the Inte- acres will be studied in future land use plans rior will coordinate with the Department of and are not included in the recommenda- Defense to minimize the impact of any over- tions. The remaining 36 areas were studied flights during these religious cultural activi- and analyzed during the review process and ties. the results documented in nine environ- I further concur with the Secretary of the mental impact statements and two instant Interior that all or part of 46 of the WSAs study area reports. encompassing 376,030 acres are not suitable Based on the studies and reviews of the for preservation as wilderness. WSAs, the Secretary of the Interior rec-

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ommends that all or part of 15 of the WSAs, I further concur with the Secretary of the totaling 173,499 acres of public lands, be des- Interior that all or part of 30 of the WSAs ignated as part of the National Wilderness encompassing 273,828 acres are not suitable Preservation System. for preservation as wilderness. I concur with the Secretary of the Interi- Also enclosed are a letter and report from or’s recommendations and am pleased to rec- the Secretary of the Interior concerning the ommend designation of the 15 areas identi- WSAs discussed above and a section-by-sec- fied in the enclosed bill as additions to the tion analysis of the draft legislation. I urge National Wilderness Preservation System. the Congress to act expeditiously and favor- The proposed additions represent the di- ably on the proposed legislation so that the versity of wilderness values in the State of natural resources of these WSAs in Montana Montana. These range from the badlands and may be protected and preserved. prairie areas of eastern Montana to the peaks Sincerely, of the Rocky Mountains in the western part of the State. These areas span a wide variety George Bush of Montana landforms, ecosystems, and other natural systems and features. Their inclusion Note: Identical letters were sent to Thomas in the wilderness system will improve the ge- S. Foley, Speaker of the House of Representa- ographic distribution of wilderness areas in tives, and Dan Quayle, President of the Sen- Montana, and will complement existing areas ate. of congressionally designated wilderness. They will provide new and outstanding op- portunities for solitude and unconfined Remarks to Central Intelligence recreation. Agency Employees in Langley, The enclosed draft legislation provides Virginia that designation as wilderness shall not con- January 8, 1993 stitute a reservation of water or water rights for wilderness purposes. This is consistent Anything to keep from having to go back with the fact that the Congress did not estab- to work. I know how it is. [Laughter] But lish a Federal reserved water right for wilder- listen, it’s the other way around. I came out ness purposes. The Administration has estab- here to thank you all for fantastic support lished the policy that, where it is necessary for your country in so many ways. And of to obtain water rights for wilderness purposes course, I want to thank Bob Gates, my right- in a specific wilderness area, water rights hand person and trusted adviser when at the would be sought from the State by filing White House, and then thank him for the under State water laws. Furthermore, it is superb job he’s done out here. the policy of the Administration that the des- It’s great to be back at Langley. I guess ignation of wilderness areas should not inter- the last time I was out here was when Bob fere with the use of water rights, State water Gates was sworn in as DCI. I have loved this administration, or the use of a State’s inter- warm welcome back, wandering through the state water allocation. halls out there, and now this. I just can’t get The draft legislation also provides for ac- over it. I feel very welcome. And I want to cess to wilderness areas by Indian people for thank each and every one of you. traditional cultural and religious purposes. Last November when Bob became Direc- Access by the general public may be limited tor, I noted that the men and women of the in order to protect the privacy of religious intelligence community faced a new mission cultural activities taking place in specific wil- in a dramatically different world. I stated derness areas. In addition, to the fullest ex- then and I’d like to just repeat it now that tent practicable, the Department of the Inte- we must not diminish our intelligence. There rior will coordinate with the Department of are big changes. I think the world may be Defense to minimize the impact of any over- perceived to be more peaceful, but in my flights during these religious cultural activi- view, the need for intelligence is as great as ties. ever. You’re doing a great job. And I will

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try to be a voice after I leave in a few more And we are doing the right thing. But I’ll days for keeping this intelligence community tell you, when you say respect for the law, the strongest, the best in the entire world, there isn’t any there. We’ve got to conduct which it is now. ourselves in such a way in the last days of I do think there have been dramatic our administration, and I’m sure the new changes. I had a chance to visit with some President will feel the same way, to dem- of the analysts and operators upstairs. We onstrate America’s lasting respect for law. talked about the visit that Barbara and I had And again, this Agency and the people, all to the Soviet Union—what used to be the the people here in one way or another, I Soviet Union; I’ve got to learn to say Russia think, point out the fact that we must work now—but with Yeltsin. And I think that the for peace, for decency, and respect for the work of this Agency and of the intelligence rule of law. community through the years really probably So this is not a time to claim victory and will never get the credit that it deserves for turn our backs on the intelligence needs of effecting these changes, for your role in the future. And as we face a more turbulent bringing about these changes and having and unpredictable world, and as our military Presidents, hopefully, make informed deci- forces are being reduced, I just don’t think sions on the world we face. But we did man- that we ought to be contemplating significant age to work out with Yeltsin a treaty over reductions in the intelligence budget. I’m there, finalize a treaty that many here in one going to be glad to convey that on to those way or another contributed to that does pro- who follow General Scowcroft and Bob Gates vide great hope for a better and safer world. and me. So I’m very happy that we were able to con- So let me just say that the work you’ve clude that treaty before I go back to Houston, done has always been hard. There’s no ques- Texas, on January 20th. tion about that. I think of the operations side, But we can’t fool ourselves. Those who particularly, but it’s true on the intelligence would challenge us, and we’re seeing it right side, everything, the dangers that we face as now as we try to decide what we should do a country are real. I still get emotionally con- over in Iraq, those who would challenge free- vinced of that when I see the stars out in dom’s gains are many. And we continue to the hall of this building. I just think that the face threats in the world of terrorism where Nation is very fortunate to have the service a lot of good work has been the anti-terrorist of everybody here. You don’t get to sit at work. And the intelligence contributing to the head table quite as much as I have in that out here has been fantastic. Many here my last incarnations, and you don’t get sa- are concerned about and have worked on luted as much as perhaps others in different weapons proliferation. And of course, I re- Departments, but you deserve a great deal main very much concerned about that. of credit. So I came to say, thank you. I had a little briefing on just a corner of And now before I depart, I have one last the world on narcotics trafficking. And here matter that I want to do. And I would like the Agency and the community is doing a to—I don’t know—Bob, is Becky out here? superb job on the intelligence for that. Eco- Where is she? Right in front. Becky come nomic security—I salute those who are in- on up here. And the kids as well. I want to volved in the economic side of our intel- get the Gates family here. And it gives me ligence. And all of these things must con- great pleasure, particularly surrounded by tinue, and all of these accounts must be people who have worked with Bob, to honor strongly serviced. So I come back to the point him here as a distinguished public servant that the threats we face are real. We need by awarding him the National Security more intelligence, not less, if we’re to meet Medal. This is the highest medal that a Presi- the challenge. We’ve got to have the best dent can give for national security. possible intelligence as we work for peace I have a long list here that some very thor- and decency and respect for the rule of law. ough speechwriter wrote out about Bob I wish all of you could have been with me Gates’ accomplishments, his record, his serv- on this visit to Somalia. It was very moving. ice to his country, but I expect people here

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know this better than most. But you ought January 6 warning is less clear. There has to know how much I trust him, admire him, been a good deal of movement involving and respect him. I will ask—[inaudible]— these missiles, but we are still in the process read his citation. So this is the National Secu- of determining whether Iraq is in compliance rity Medal. And if there’s ever been one with the terms of the coalition de´marche. that’s been well deserved or well earned, it’s the one I present now with great pride to Bob Gates, Director of Central Intelligence. Is that it? We’re out of here. Thank you all very much. Thanks a lot. Points of Light Recognition Program Note: The President spoke at 1:15 p.m. at The President named the following individ- the Central Intelligence Agency head- uals and institutions as exemplars of his com- quarters. mitment to making community service cen- tral to the life and work of every American. Letter to Congressional Leaders Transmitting a Report on Alaska’s January 2 Mineral Resources Waymon Logan and the volunteers of January 8, 1993 Dayspring Outreach, of Sacramento, CA January 3 Dear Mr. Speaker: (Dear Mr. President:) YES! Atlanta’s Rising Star Program, of Atlanta, I transmit herewith the 1992 Annual Re- GA port on Alaska’s Mineral Resources, as re- quired by section 1011 of the Alaska National January 4 Interest Lands Conservation Act (Public Law Volunteers Involved for the Emotional Well- 96–487; 16 U.S.C. 3151). This report con- Being of Seniors (VIEWS), of Gresham, OR tains pertinent public information relating to minerals in Alaska gathered by the U.S. Geo- January 5 logical Survey, the Bureau of Mines, and Volunteers of CityTeam Ministries, of San Jose, other Federal agencies. This report is signifi- CA cant because of the importance of the min- eral and energy resources of Alaska to the January 6 future well-being of the Nation. Camille Germain, of Huntington, NY Sincerely, January 7 George Bush Dorothy Veasey, of Newark, DE Note: Identical letters were sent to Thomas S. Foley, Speaker of the House of Representa- January 8 tives, and Dan Quayle, President of the Sen- Volunteers of MacMagic Classroom, of San ate. Rafael, CA

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on the Situation in Iraq Digest of Other January 8, 1993 White House Announcements

We continue to keep the situation in Iraq The following list includes the President’s under close scrutiny. We have observed no public schedule and other items of general penetrations by Iraqi aircraft of the No-Fly interest announced by the Office of the Press Zone below 32 degrees north latitude since Secretary and not included elsewhere in this Wednesday’s coalition warning. The disposi- issue. tion of surface-to-air missiles specified in the

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January 2 perintendent’s residence. They returned to In the morning, the President traveled Washington, DC, in the late afternoon. from the U.S.S. Tripoli, located off the coast of Somalia, to Mogadishu. He then traveled January 6 to Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and Moscow where The President met at the White House he joined Mrs. Bush. They then went to with: , residence of the U.S. Ambas- —the Vice President; James A. Baker III, sador. Chief of Staff to the President; Brent January 3 Scowcroft, Assistant to the President for In the morning, the President and Mrs. National Security Affairs; and members Bush toured the Kremlin. President Bush of the CIA briefing staff; then attended a meeting with President —congressional leaders; Yeltsin in which they signed the START II —Secretary of State Lawrence S. treaty. Eagleburger. In the afternoon, the President and Mrs. In the late afternoon, the President and Bush traveled to Paris, France. Following an Mrs. Bush hosted a reception for the Presi- arrival ceremony at Orly International Air- dential Trust and Eagles on the State Floor. port, they went to the Elysee Palace, where The President recess appointed the follow- President Bush and President Franc¸ois Mit- ing individuals to be members of the Na- terrand held a meeting and a joint press con- tional Security Education Board for terms of ference. 4 years. These are new positions. In the evening, the President and Mrs. Steven Muller, of Maryland. Bush attended a dinner hosted by President S. William Pattis, of Illinois. Mitterrand at the palace before returning to John P. Roche, of Massachusetts. Washington, DC. Richard F. Stolz, of Maryland. January 4 The President met at the White House January 7 with the Vice President; James A. Baker III, The President held morning meetings at Chief of Staff to the President; Brent Scow- the White House with: croft, Assistant to the President for National —the Vice President; James A. Baker III, Security Affairs; and members of the CIA Chief of Staff to the President; Brent briefing staff. Scowcroft, Assistant to the President for The President transmitted to the Congress National Security Affairs; and members the 27th annual report of the Department of the CIA briefing staff; of Housing and Urban Development for cal- —congressional freshman Republicans. endar year 1991, and the 25th annual report In the late morning, the President at- of the United States-Japan Cooperative Med- tended a reception by the U.S. Trade Rep- ical Science Program for the period of July resentative in the Indian Treaty Room of the 1990 to July 1991. Old Executive Office Building. In the late afternoon, the President and January 5 Mrs. Bush hosted a Presidential Trust and In the morning, the President met at the Eagles reception on the State Floor. White House with the Vice President; James The President announced his intention to A. Baker III, Chief of Staff to the President; appoint Margaret DeBardeleben Tutwiler, of Brent Scowcroft, Assistant to the President Alabama, to be an Alternate Representative for National Security Affairs; and members of the United States of America on the South of the CIA briefing staff. Pacific Commission for a term of 2 years. Later the President and Mrs. Bush trav- She will succeed Lois L. Evans. eled to the U.S. Military Academy at West The President nominated John P. Roche, Point, NY, where he had lunch with the of Massachusetts, to be a member of the Na- Corps of Cadets at Washington Mess Hall tional Security Education Board for a term and attended a private reception at the Su- of 4 years. This is a new position.

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January 8 to be a Governor of the U.S. Postal Service. The President met at the White House He would succeed Crocker Nevin. with: The President announced his intention to —the Vice President; James A. Baker III, appoint the following individuals to be mem- Chief of Staff to the President; Brent bers of the J. William Fulbright Foreign Scowcroft, Assistant to the President for Scholarship Board: National Security Affairs; and members Mark N. Blitz, of Virginia. of the CIA briefing staff; Charles E. Horner, of the District of Columbia. —Deputy Foreign Minister Boris Ewell E. Murphy, Jr., of Texas. Tarrasuik of Ukraine. Katherine L. Super, of Virginia. In the late morning, the President went Margarita B. Tonkinson, of Florida. to the CIA headquarters in Langley, VA, for Rose M. Zamaria, of Virginia. a working luncheon and briefing. In the The President recess appointed Marion G. afternoon, he was joined there by Mrs. Bush, Chambers, of New Mexico, to be a member and they went to Camp David, MD, for the of the Board of Trustees of the Institute of weekend. American Indian and Alaska Native Culture The President appointed Vincent H. and Arts Development for a term expiring Dreeszen, of Nebraska, to be the U.S. Rep- May 19, 1998. Ms. Chambers would succeed resentative on the Kansas-Nebraska Big James Courtney Jennings. River Compact Administration. He would The President announced his intention to suceed Maurice A. Kremer. appoint the following individuals to be mem- The President announced his intention to bers of the United States Holocaust Memo- appoint the following individuals to be mem- rial Council for terms expiring January 15, bers of the National Commission on Inde- 1998: pendent Higher Education: Jack Africk, of Florida. William J. Keating, of Ohio. Louis Gonda, of California. Carolynn Reid-Wallace, of the District of Co- Cecile Kremer, of Maryland. lumbia. , of New York. The President appointed the following in- Miles Lerman, of New Jersey. dividuals to be members of the National Simcha Lyons, of Missouri. Commission on Intermodal Transportation: Murray Pantirer, of New Jersey. Phillip D. Brady, of California. Dennis Ross, of Maryland. Thomas J. Donohue, of Maryland. Samuel Rothberg, of Illinois. Edmund S. Hawley, of Nebraska. Arnold Thaler, of Illinois. The President recess appointed the follow- ing individuals to be members of the Defense Base Closure and Realignment Commission for terms expiring at the end of the first ses- sion of the 103d Congress: Nominations James A. Courter, of New Jersey. Mr. Courter Submitted to the Senate will be designated chairman. Peter B. Bowman, of Maine. The following list does not include pro- Beverly Butcher Byron, of Maryland. motions of members of the Uniformed Serv- ices, nominations to the Service Academies, Rebecca Gernhardt Cox, of the District of Co- lumbia. or nominations of Foreign Service officers. Hansford T. Johnson, of Texas. Arthur Levitt, Jr., of New York. Submitted January 5 Harry C. McPherson, Jr., of Maryland. The following named persons to be Members Robert D. Stuart, Jr., of Illinois. of the Defense Base Closure and Realign- The President recess appointed Thomas ment Commission for terms expiring at the Ludlow Ashley, of the District of Columbia, end of the first session of the 103d Congress:

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James A. Courter, of New Jersey, to be David P. Prosperi, of Illinois, to be a mem- Chairman (reappointment). ber of the Board of Directors of the Peter B. Bowman, of Maine, vice Duane Corporation for Public Broadcasting for H. Cassidy, term expired. a term expiring January 31, 1998, vice Beverly Butcher Byron, of Maryland, vice Marshall Turner, Jr., term expired. Alexander B. Trowbridge, term expired. Norman D. Shumway, of California, to be Rebecca Gernhardt Cox, of the District of a member of the Board of Directors of Columbia, vice James C. Smith II, term the Legal Services Corporation for the expired. remainder of the term expiring July 13, Hansford T. Johnson, of Texas, vice Wil- 1993. liam L. Ball III, term expired. Arthur Levitt, Jr., of New York (reappoint- ment). Harry C. McPherson, Jr., of Maryland, Checklist vice Howard H. Callaway, term expired. Robert D. Stuart, Jr., of Illinois (reappoint- of White House Press Releases ment). The following list contains releases of the Of- The following named persons to be mem- fice of the Press Secretary that are neither bers of the National Security Education printed as items nor covered by entries in Board for terms of 4 years (new positions): the Digest of Other White House Announce- Steven Muller, of Maryland. ments. S. William Pattis, of Illinois. Richard F. Stolz, of Maryland. Released January 1 1

Marion G. Chambers, Fact sheet: of New Mexico, to be a member of the Board START II treaty of Trustees of the Institute of American In- dian and Alaska Native Culture and Arts De- Fact sheet: velopment for a term expiring May 19, 1998, Treaty Between the United States of Amer- vice James Courtney Jennings, term expired. ica and the Russian Federation on Further The following named persons to be com- Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offen- missioners of the Copyright Royalty Tribunal sive Arms for terms of 7 years: Edward J. Damich, of Virginia. Fact sheet: Bruce D. Goodman, of Pennsylvania. Update on the START treaty The following named persons who were Released January 6 appointed during the last recess of the Sen- ate: Transcript: Brian C. Griffin, of Oklahoma, to be Press briefing on the budget—by Richard G. Chairman of the Administrative Con- Darman, Director, Office of Management ference of the United States for the and Budget term of 5 years, vice Marshall Jordan Breger. Released January 7 Robert F. Goodwin, of Maryland, to be a commissioner on the part of the Fact sheet: United States on the International Joint Forest Service Study Reports: Red River, Commission, United States and Canada Kentucky; Greenbrier River, West Virginia; (reappointment). and Pyramid Peak, Planning Area, California Stephen T. Hart, of Virginia, to be an As- sistant Secretary of Transportation, vice 1 These items were not received in time for Marion Clifton Blakey. publication in the appropriate issue.

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Fact sheet: Acts Approved ‘‘Colorado Public Lands Wilderness Act’’ by the President Fact sheet: ‘‘Montana Public Lands Wilderness Act’’ Released January 8 Note: No acts approved by the President were received by the Office of the Federal Announcement: Register during the period covered by this Appointment of Vincent H. Dreeszen as the issue. United States Representative on the Kansas- Nebraska Big Blue River Compact Adminis- tration

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