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Home , Henry Beaufort, Philip IV of France, Stigand

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) I.!...._ \ \ \, SERVANTS OF INDiA" SOCIETY'S LIBRARY. POONA 4. FOR INTERN AI... CrRCULA TION To be retarDed 00 or befo!e the last date stamped below FOR' iisE IN HIGH SCHOOLS,

BY·

~IARK HUNTEI!, M.A. (OXO:s), Principal of 'he Coimbalore College.

JDa~ras: SRINIVAS!, V ARADACHARI & CO.

1898. (All right' merlled:J V~·[y\3 Cg¢/

MADRAS:.. PRINTED BY BRINlV ABA, V.Ii. RADACHARI & CO., MOUNT ROAD. PREFATORY NOTE~

THIS book is prepared specially to suit the requirements of High -School Classes in the Madras Presidency. 'fhe compiler has endeavour~d to strike a mean between the ~mall elementary text-books in general use at present and the larger manuals which, excellent as many of them are, are too lengthy for the purpose in view.

It has been the writer's aim not to burden th~ begin­ ner's memory with a multitude'of facts, but to awake~ his interest in the facts admitted by pointing out their significa?ce. In the manner of treatment adopted ~le has been influenced by the consideration t~at the cot1rse of studies for· the Matriculation examination now extends over a period of Ikree,and not; as formerly of two, years, and that the First EXamination in Atts course no longer includes any period of English History. Conseqnently a somewhat; fuller treatment of the subject than wa~ in past years required appears to be desirable. . Care haS been taken to render the style as simple as possible, and further to help the young student each chapter isfumished with.a summary.of contents at the beginning, as well as a marginal analysis. This little history is based throughout on the works of those recent historians whose writings are generally iv PREFATORY NOTE. accepted as the most trustworthy modern authorities for special periods of English History" but at the same time mU:ch assistance has been derivetf from, manuals, such as those of Professor S. R. Gardiner and Dr. F. Bright, the excellent" 'Epochs of Modern History,' puolished' by Messrs. ~ngmans & Co., ~nd in a lesser degree, Green's , History of the English People.'

Th~ compiler has, also had the advantage of the aSsistance of the Rev. F. W. Kellett, M.A., Professor of ~istory in the Christian College, Madras, who very kil1$lY consented'to read through ,tHe proof sheets and has 9ffered'many valuaBle suggestions. MARK.. HUNTER. 26th Sepkmber I S9~: CONTENTS.

PART I. ROMANS, BRITONS AND' ENGLISH. PAGE Chap, I. Early Britain.-The Roman Occupation .. : 1 II. The English Conquest and Settlement 9 lIt. The Conversion of England .. , It! IV. The Union of England 21 V. 'l'he Northmen and Alfred the Great 28 VI. KipgR of Wessex until Edgar 32 VII. England conquered by the Danes .. ' 36 VIIl. Cout and hiR sons 39 IX. 'l'he Reign of Ed ward the Confessor 42 X, The Reign of Harold ,., 45

PART II. THE NORMAN KINGS. Chap, I. and 48 IT. William II 57 Ill. Henry I .. 63 IV. Stephen and Matild" 68

PART III. THE PLANTAGENETS: Chap. 1. Henry II 73 '" .. II. Richard I 88 ,. III. Joho 87 IV. Henry. lIt 93 .. V. Edward I . .. 105 VI. Edward 11 ... 115 " VII. Edward III ... 120 vi CONTENTS.

PART IV. LANCASTER AltD YORK. PA.GE Chap. f· Richard,II ... lS4 II. Henry IV . .• 14-'.1 .. lII. Henry V . .. 148 IV. Henry VI-(l) The King's Minority . .. 154 " V. Henry VI-(2) 'l'he . .. 158 " VI. Edward IV . .. 166

II VII. Edward V . .. 172 VIII. Richard III ... 17~

PART V. THE TUDORS AND THE REFORMATION. C~ap. 1. Henry VII ... 180 II. Henry VlII-(I) Cardinal Wolsey ...... 188 Ill. Hem'Y VlII-(2) The Separation from ... 194 I V. I<~dW1lrd VI .... 205 V. Mary I ... . •. 211 VI.. Elizabeth (1) ... 216 VII. Elizabeth (2) ... 2~4

PART VI. THE EARLY STUARTS AND THE PURITAN REVOLUTION. C·hnp. I. Ja.mes I ...... 2:3;i .. n . Charles 1-(1) Tho Rule of Bockingham and the Petition of Right ... 243

II 111. Chades 1-(2) Eleven Years of Al'bitrary Govern- ment ...... 248

II IV. Charles I-(S) The Breach between King and Par- liament . ...152

II V. The Civil War ...... 258

II VI. 'rh.e Commonwealth a.nd Protectorate ..• 2ti7

PART VII. THE RESTORATION AND THE POLITICAL REVOLUTION. Chap. I. Charles II-(l) The Clarendon Administration and the First D~tch War ... a7? 'ONTIIIIT8.

Chap. IT. Charles II-(2) The Cabalan I-.~h~ilii~ -'I'f J War ...... -4.. '" 28~ III. CharIeR II-(3) The Exclusion Bill a ~ Pension ... 2B!l IV. James II and the Revolution ... 297

P ART VIII. THE PROTESTANT SUCCESSIOB'. Chap. t. William III and Mary II ... M1 II. Queen Anne and the War of Spanish Succession ... 321 .. III. George I...... ~32 IV. Qeorge II ... '" 839

PART IX. THE NEW TORnSlIt. Chap. I. George III-(1) Early years of the reien ....355 II. Geor~1! ITI-(2) ThE- War of American Independ. ence ... 366 .. III. George III-(S) William Pit-t ... .. 376

PART X. ENGLAND AND THE . Chap. I. George III-(~) The.French Revohltion and the . W~ of the Revolution ...... SS! .. II. George III-(5) The t*h Rebellion and the Act . of Uni~i1.... '" ...... 892 .. III. George III-(6) The Napoleonic War. ... 398

PART XI. PARLIAMENTARY REFORM. Chap. I. George IV . .. ~11 " II. William IV ... 418

PART XII. THE EARLY VICTORIAN PERIOD.' Chap. I. Victoria-(l) Melbonrne's Ministry...... 432 II. Victoria-(21 Second Ministry of Sir Rohert Pl'ol. 437 .. III. Victoria-(3) Ministries of Lord John RusRell and of Lord Derby:. . ... 442 ", IV, Victoria-(4) The Crimean War. The Colol1ies ... 4411 viii eOXTiENT8. P.un: AppBNDlx..... Genea.logicaJ Tables ,(,53 (1) Early Enlrli.h KiDIlt'. (2) Danish KiDII" of EDII' ...nc1. (3) F ..mily of Godwin. (4) Norman KiDlI's. (5) KiU1r8 of Engl.. nd from B8lll"Y II to Henry IV. (6) The Hou.es of Lucasli4!r and Y01"Ir. (7) The Houoes of Beanfort and Tudor. (8) Killllt' of England from la.me. J t,o Victoria. (9, OI ..imantB to the Scottish throne. (10) Claim of Edward III 00 the Fren~h QllOIlIl. (1)) The Stalrord8. (lZ) The Wood rilles. (13) The Poles. (U) 'rho Spanish Sncoe.. ioI. IlillllX '" 4-61

CORRIGENDA.

Page 16! 11 lines from top: for I a.gainst the Ang70·Sam1l11S' r!'ad

I amongst tlWl Anglo-8amIl118.' .. 86,17 I demogogue' read I demagogue.' ~32, 6 .. .. , ooTimy of Vi.rginian' read 'calmly of Virginia.' 258, marginal note: for "1641' read' 1642.' " 260, 5 lines fro~ top: foI'" Bristol was Backed' relld • BnstoZ was stonned.' 271, margina.l note:- for' .olw"', administrations' read • Oli­ ver' 8 admmistrati

I I' 287,12 Both of those' read • Both of tht.e.' 369,12 .. , to yet possession of the fonner' reall " , to get possession of the lattfW." .. 372,17 .. I May 11,1788,' read f May 11,1718.' .. 377. :3 , transfe~ the authority' read I traM- fer the politioal authority.' 406,13 .. , Napolean', I read' 's.' 430,20 , Grampton ' read ' Grompton.' " .11 444, l~ It t' , Etni7lutcm ' read' KMtlinv'on,' APPENDIX.

GENEALOGICAL TABLES. (1) Early English Kings. Egbert. . , Ethelwolf., t I I I Ethelbald. Ethelbert. Ethelred I. Alfred. I , I Edward the Elder. Ethelfieda I (The Lady of Mercia). I I I Athelsto.n. Edmund I. Edred. I I . Edwy. I I Bdward the Martyr. Ethelred the Redeless=FJmma of . t ~ "'-1-----'---~.,..-" . . I I I Edmund. Edward the Etheling. I - I . I Edgar the Etheling. Margaret=Malcolm Canmore of Scotio.ncl. . I ' Edith (or Matilda)=Henry r. (2) Danish Kings of England. Swern. , IE"! Cnnt=I mmo., widow of Ethelred the Redele... -.,., I I .,' Harold .Barefoot. Harthacnat. APPliNDIX.

(3) Family of Godwin. Godwin., I , I. I ~1feyn. Harold., Tostlg. Edith=Edward the Confessor.

(4) Norman Kings. Willillom the Conqueror. I I - I I Bobert of Normandy. William II. Henry 1= Matilda. Adela. o I I I Stephen of Blois. Robert 01 Gloucester. Mllotildllo=(1) Emperor Henry III. (illegitimate). (2) Geoffrey of . I ,: Henry II. (5) English Kings from Henry II to Henry IV. Heury II. I t ' . , Henry. Richard I. Geoffrey. John. . Arthur ofI Brittany. I I I I Henry III. Richard. King of Eleanor=(l) Williain Marshall. I the Romans. 0 (2) Simon de Montfor'. I I :Edward 1. Edmund, Ellorl of Llloncaster (Orollchback). I I ' Bdward II. I I o I Thomas, EIloI'1 of Henry, Ellorl of Lancaster. Edward III. Lancaster., I I Henry; Duke of Lancaster. I . I I ' Edward the LIOnel, Duke of John: Duke . I JJlaok Prince. Clarence of Lancaster = Blanche. . I (from whom was t Richard II. descended the : Henry IV. Y orkist Line. ': ' 4~PENDII.

(8) Lancaster an~ Y~rk. Edward III. I \. Edwa~d the Lionel. Duke of John, Juke of Edmund, Duke Prince. Clarence. Lancaster of York. . I . I =Blanche of RIchard II. Phihppa=Edmund Lancas~er. Mortimer, Earl of I Ma.rch. Henry IV.

_I (I) Hinry V. (~) John, buke of I Bedford•. I Henry VI. (4) Humphrey, Duke I of Gloucester. Roger, Earl of Marcb. I I I I Edmund, Earl of . Anne=Richard, Earl of Camblidge. . I RIchard, Duker of. York. I I I . Edward IV. George, Duke of Richard III. Elizabeth= Clarence. I John de la Pole. I Edward, died 1464.. t Edwa.rd, Earl of Wa.rwick . .-~--~~~~~-.I Elward,_ V. Ricblard, Duke Elizab~th, married I of York. Henry VII. I . I I John dsla Pole Edmund. Richard. (Earl of Lincoln). 456

(7) The Houses of Beaufort and Tudor. , Duke of Lancaster, married (1) Blanche, heiress of Lanca:ster• .____ -----,.il I (2) Catherine Swynford. Henry IV. _.__ -!.I.,.- __---, I r·. I (1) Henry V = Catherine John, Earl of Cardmu.l Bea.ufort. . of Frs.nce Somerset. = (2) Owen'l'udor. . 1_____ ---... I I I Henry VI. I " John, Duke1 of Somerset. Edmund Tudor, Earl of Richmond=Margaret. I Henry VII. " " " 1 " I 1 I . Arthur. Margaret,. I Mary=(l) Louis XII married James IV of Scotland. Henry VIII. of • .__ ---,,--..11___ (2) Charlee 1 I I I Brandon, James V. Mary. Elizabeth. Edward VI. I Duke of I . Suffolk. Mary, Queen of Scots. I", 1 Frances = Henry Grey, James I of England. I Marquis of Dorset. I Cath!rine. M!ry. Jane Grey = Guildford " Dudley. (8) Eings of England from .Tames I to Victoria. James I. I I I . . I Bent"y. Charlell I. Elizabeth= Fredt'rick V, Elector Palatine. I I LI Chllt"les II. M at"y = William II (1) Anne B yde=James II=(2) Mary of Modena. of Orange. I I I I James, the old Pretender. WilliamI llI=Mary II. Anne. I

Charles Jdward, the young Pretender. Benry, Carlinal York. I I I I Charles Lewis, Elector Palatine. Prince Rupel·t. Prince Mauric,e. Sophia. Electress of Hanover. I George I. I George II. I I . I ' Frederick, . William, Duke of Cumberland. I George III. I I I I I (norge IV. Frederick, Dilke William IV. Edward, Duk&.of Kent. 9fYork. V' I. , ~c~Orll'!' APPBNDrx.

(9) Claim!lonts to the Scottish throne.

David I. I Henry. I I I . I Malcolm IV. William the Lion. David, Ea.rl of Huntingdon. . I I I I Alexander II. Margaret. Isabella. I I . I Alexander III. Devorgullla R()BERT BRUCI!. 1=John fa.Uiol. I Margaret = Eric, . I Robert. King of Norway. Mal'garet. JOliN I I I BALLIOL. Robert I. Margaret, the John I I Maid of Norway. Comyn. Edward Da.~id III. Balliol•.

(10) Claim of Edward III to the French throne.

I Philip IV. Charles of Valoill. , I I . ,I I I I Louis X. Philip V. Charles IV. Isabella = Edward II. philip VI. . I I I.: Edward III., Johu II. .John I. Joan of kavarre. I Charles the Bad.. A)lPB~DII.

(11) The Staffords.

Edward Ill. I " 'fbomas, Duke of Gloucester (youngest BOn). I Anne=Edmund, Earl of StaffOl·d. Humplrey, DUke"of Buckingham. I Humphrey, Earl of Stafford. I Henry, Duke of Buckingham, beheaded 1483. I" • Edward, Duke of Bnckmghm, beheaded 1521.

(12) The Woodvilles.

Richard Woodville = Jacquetta tlf Lallembonrg (wido,," of John, I " Duke of Bedford).

I I I I Antony, Lord Rivers, John Elizabeth=(11 Sir Jobn Grey. executed 1483. (execnted 1469). (2) Edward IV. I I I I Edward V. Richard, Duke of York. Elizabeth=Henry VII.

(13) The Poles.

George, Duke of Clarence, brother of Edward IV. t I "I Margaret, Countess of = Sir Richard Pole. Edward, Earl of Salisbury, beheaded 1541. " Warwick, beheaded I 1499. I I I Henry Pole, Sir GeotIrey Pole. Regina.ld Pole, Cardinal anel beheaded 1539. . 460 APPJlN 01:1.'

. (14) Claimants to the Spanish Suooession. Philip, I liT. I I , Philip IV. Maria = Ferdinand III Anne = Louis XIII -j., I (Emperor). (of France).

, " I I LLiS Charles II. Maria = Margaret = Leopold I = Princess XIV (of Lonis XIV I (Emperor). of Neu· France). (of France). burg , Electress I . Louis Fauphin. of BSj'aria. , , . Joseph, Louis, Philip, Electoral Duke of Duke of Prince. Burgundy Anjou I (Philip V , I I Louis XV of Spain). ,Joseph I. Archduke Charles (of France). (afterwards Emperor). I . Maria Ther~8a. INDEX.

PAGE PA&E ..lbercrombie, Sir Ralph ... 391 Anne, Queen ... 291,305, 318. Aberdeen, Lr,rd 446, 449 321-332 Acre, siege at ... 370 Anne, Duchess of Burgundy. 183 Addingtou, MI'. (afterwards Anile of Cleves .. : .. 202 Lord Sidmouth). 391, 399, 400 Anselm ... 60, 61, 63, 65, 66 Adrian IV (Pope) ...... 79 Appellants, Lords ... 139, 140 Elle ...... 13 Architecture, English,87,178,232 Afghan War, the Fir~t ... 450 Argyll, Ea,rl of 297,299 Agincourt, battle of...... 151 Arkwrigbt ... 430 Agitatol"S, the ... 264 Arlington, Henry Bennett, Agricola, Cn. J ulills .. . 6, 7 Earl of 283, 287 Aidan, St. ... 21 Armada, the Invincible. 227, 228 Ailt.la·Chapelle, peace of ... 348 Armagnacs, party of .•. 150 Albemarle, Duke of...... 144 Arms Act, the ...... 439 Albemarle, see Mon~ . Arthllr, son of Geoffrey Plan· Alberoni, Cardinal ...... 335 tagenet 87, 88 Albert. Prince 436.437,44-5 Arthur, son of Henry VII. 185,186 Albuera, battle of ...... 407 Articles, the ten ... 200 Alexander III of Scotland ... 111 Articles, the six ... 202 Alexander III, Pope ... 77 Asgard ... 11 Alfgar, son of Loofl'ic ... 45 Ashley, Lord, see Sbaftesbury. Alfred the Great ... 30,31 Ashley, Lord (Antony Ashley Alliance, the Grand...... 320 Cooper, afterwards Earl of Alliance, the Holy ...... 413 Shaftesbury). 285, 287-289, All the Talents, Ministry of, 402 294, 295 Alma, battle of the ...... 448 Aske, Robert...... 200 Althorp, Lord 421, 427 Assiento, the ...... 329 Amiens, Mise of .. 104 Assize of Arms ... 81 Amiens, PellCe of ... 391 Assize, tbe bloody ...... 300 America, War with...... 408 Association, the Catholic. 418, 420 American War of Independ· Association, the Eastern ... 260 ence ...... 361, et .sq. Association, in defence of Anderida '" 13 Elizabeth...... 225 Angles ...... 9, 140 Association, in aefence of AnJou, Duke of (son of John William III '" 316 of France) ... '" 129 Athelstan, King ... 33 Anlaf, King of Irish North- Augustine, Archbishop ... 19 men ...... 33 Aulus Plautius .. , I) .Annates 196,215 Austerlitz, battle of...... 402 462 INDEX.

PAGE PAGE· Australasia ...... 451 ... 22 Austrr.lia, South ... 451 Bishops, the seven ... 303 Australia, West ... 451 Bishops' War, the first, 253; Aylesford, battle at ...... 13 the s!'(~ond ...... 254 Black Death, the 127, 135 B. Blake, Robert... 269, 273, 275· Babington, Antony...... 226 Blanche, wife of Lewis of .Bacon, Francis (Lord Verulam France ... 88 and Viscount St. Albans). 232, Blenheim, battle of ... ..: 323 237,240 Bloreheath, battle of .,. 164 Badon, Mount ... )3 Blucher ... 409 Balaclava, battle of ...... 449 BoadiceR. ... 6- Baldur ... 11 Bohun, Humfrey de, l!;arl of Ball, John ... I3? I Hereford ...... 110 Balliol, Edward ... 123 Boleyn, Anne ... 193,197,198,200' Ballior, John ...... 1]2 Bolingbroke, Viscount, 5ee Bank of England .. 313 St. John. Bannockbnrn, battle of ... 117 Rombay. acquired ...... 282: Barebone, Pra.isegod ... 220 Bonaparte, Joseph .. . 404,406 Barl)et, battle of ... 169 Bonaparte, Napoleon 388-395, Baronets, order of ...... 237 400-409 Barons' War ... 103, 104 Bonner, Bishop 209,211,215 Baxt.er, Ricbard ... 299 Boston, 'Massacre,' .366; Tea· 'Beacby Head, battle of ... 313 ships at. 367; Port Act for, 367 Beaufort, Henry, Bisbop of Bothwell Bridge, battle of ... 296 WiDC'bester... 55, 156, 160 Bothwell, James Hepburn, Bcauge, battle of ... 153 Earl of ... 22() Becket, Tbomas 74-77 Bouvines, battle of ...... 92' Bedchamber question, the ... 43:3 Boyne, battle of tbe ...... 312 Bede, tbe Venerable ... 31 , Boys,' the ... 342 .Bedford, John, Duke of, 154-156, Brandywine, bottle of the ... 371 1.'>8 Bretigni, Peace of ...... 12S Bedford, Duke of ... 359 Breton, capture of Cape ... 346 Belgium, independen('e of ... 420 Bretwalda ... 20 Benevolences ... 171, 177, 183 Bright, Jobn '" ... 435 Beresford, Marshal...... 406 Brindley, James ... 430 Berlin decree...... 403 Bristol, Earl of ... 244 Bernicia ... 19 Bristol, first· siege of, 260; Bertha, wife of Ethelbert ... 18 second sie/!e of ... 263 Berwick, Jame~, Duke of ... 316 Britons, tbe, 2; fall of ... 15- Berwick, taken by Brnce; 123 Brou/!bam, Lord ... 421 taken by Edward III ... 123 Bruce, Da.vid ... 122, 123, 125, 126- . Bible, translation of tbe .:.200 Bruce, Robert, Scottish claim· Bigod, Roger, Earl of Nor. ant .. , ... 112 . folk...... 110 Bruce, King Robert, 114, 117,122 Bill of Rights...... 310 Brunanburh, battle of ... 33' INDEX.

PAGII PAGB­ Buckin/!,ham, Edward Staf- Caroline of Anspach, wife of ford, Duke of ... 192 George II ...... 340 Buckingham, George Villiers, Uaroline of Brunswick, wife first Duke of, 241, 243, ~247 of George IV. . .. 412 Buckingham, George Villiers, Carr Robert, Earl of Somer- second Duke of, 285, 289, 290 set ... 237, 241 ,Buckingham, Henry Stafford, Carteret, Lord 344, 349 Duke of ... 173,174, 176 Carthagena ...... 344 Bunker's Hill, battle of ... 369 Cashel, synod of ... 80 Burford, hattIe of ... 26 Casivelaunus 4 Burgoyne, General...... 371 Castlereagh, Lord 398, 403, Burke, Edmund 362, 368, 374, 413 380,385 Catesby. Robert ... 235 Burnell, Robert ... 106 Catherine Howard ... 203 Burne., Alexander ...... 450 Catherine of Aragon ... 186,193, Bussy, r.. ·vourite of Ricbard 200 I ... 142 Catherine of Braganza ... 281 Bute, Earl of 357, 358 Catherine of France, wife Buxton, ~ir Thomas Fowell. 424 of Henry V ... 152 Byng, Admiral ... 336 Catherine Parr .. 203 Byng, Admiral, son of above. 352 Catholic e'mancipation. '417,418 Byron, Lord ... 414 Measures for Catholic relief.. 375 Cato Street conspiracy ... 411 C. Caxton, William ... 172 Cabal, tbe, ...... 28[., et Beq. Cecil, Robert (afterwards Cabinet Government. 308,314, Earl of Salisbury)... 229, 2:~3, 325 237 Cade, rebellion of ... 162 Cecil William (Lord Bur- Cadiz, expedition to ... 244. leigh) 217,222,229' Cresar, Julius 4 Celts, the 2-9 Calais. taken by Edward III,126; Ceorls ... 16' lost, 216 Cerdic ...... 13 Calder, Sir Robert ...... 401 Cl'ylon...... 391 Calixtus, Pope ... 77 Chad, Saint ... ·22 Cambl'ldge, Richard, Earl of, 151 Chalgrove field, battle of ... 259 Camden, Lord ... 364 Chancellor,office of ...... 67' Camolodunum ... 5,6 Charles I. '" 235,237,240-242; Campeggio, Cardinal ... 193 ar.cession of 243 ; relations Camperdown, battie of ... 389 with his first Parliaments, Canada ... 350, 354, 432, 451 244-248; arbitrary Gov­ Canning, George ... 4{)3, 413, 414 ernment of, 248-252; 419 quarrels with the Scots, Cape Colony ... 4{)4,451 252-254; relations with Caractacus ... 5 Short and Long Parliament, Carisbrook Castle ... 265 253-257; sets up his Carlos,Don 335,336 standard at Nottingh~m, INDI!X.

'PAGE PAGE 258; in arms against Par­ Cis sa ... ". ... 13 liaOlent, 2ii8-263; sur­ Civil war, the great... 258-266 renders to Scots, 264; given Civil war, the second ... 266 up to Pa.rliament, 264; in Clare, Lord ... '" ... 398 hands of Army, 265; es­ Clarence, George, Duke of 166. capes to Isle of Wi~ht, 265; . 168-171 trial and execution of, 266. Clarence, 'fhomas, nuke 01 ... 153

PAGE PAG" Dudley, Guildford 210,212 before Pbilip IV, ll3; Duubar, battle of '" 268 conquest of Scotland, ll3, Duncan, Admiral ...... 389 ll4; death of, ll4. captured, 275; sold,282 Edward II, 107; his cha.r­ , Archbishop. 34, 35, 37 acter, 115; his corona­ Durham, Lord ...... 432 tion oath, 115; love for Dutch war,of commonwealth, Gaveston', 116, 117; ac­ 269; first of Oharles II, 282, cepts ordinances, 117; de-, 284; second of Charles II. 288 feated at Bannockburn,. ll7; and Thomas of Lan­ E caster, 117, 118; and Des­ pensel'S, 118; deposed and Ealdorman ... 17 murdered, 119. EarllJarl) '" 40 Edward Ill; character of East Anglia, con version of ... 21 his reign, 120; in\"ade& East India Company 231,450 Scotland, 123; claims .1i:bbsfleeL ...... IlJ French crown, 124, ]25; Edgar, King ... 34,35 invades France, 125; wins Edgar, the Etheling 45, 48, 49 battle of Creey, 125;. Edgecote, battle of... . •. 169 takes Calais, 126; in,"ade~ Edgehill, battle of ...... 259 France again, 128; under· EdinbUl'gh, treaty of ... 218 influence of Alice Perrers, Edith, wife of Ed ward the 132; death of, 133. Confessor ...... 43 Edward IV, 164; becomes Edith (Matilda), wife of. king, 165,166,167; marries­ Henry I 63, 64 Elizabeth Woodville, 168; Edm und Crouchback, second flies kingdom, 169; re­ son of Henry III... .:. 102 turns, 170; invades France, Edmund Ironside ... 39 171; death of, 171. Edmund, King, brother of Edward;V ... 173-175, Athelstane ... 33 Edward VI... 201, 205-210 Edmund the Martyr . ... 29 Edward, the Bla£'k Prinee ... 125- Education, Government 128, 129, 130, 132 Grants towards ... 434 Edward, son of Henry VI... 163, Edward the Elder ...... 32 170 Edward the Martyr... 36,37 Edward, son of Richard III. 176- Edward the Con£.. s80r. 42-45 Edwin of Northumbria 2{) .Edward I, 104; his charac- .Edwy, King ... 34 ter, 105; conquers Wales, Egbert of Wessex...... 27 107; legislation of, 108, Egfrith of Northnmbria ... 25- 109; relations with clergy Eleanor, wife of Henry II... 71 and barons, 109, 110; con­ 80,87,89- firms charter, llO; sum­ Eleanor. of Provenc&, wife of mons model Parliament, Henry Ip...... •.. 9~ lll; his award at Na.ham. Eleanor, sister of Henry III. 10~ 112; summoned to appear Eliot, Sir J OhD; 244, 246, 248 IllDKX.

PAGE PASB Elizabeth, Queen. 198, 200, 205, F 21:h ILI~cession . of, 216; relijtiou8 views of,217; and Factory Legislatiun ... 425,438 1IIary, Queen of Scots,218 Fairfax, Sir Thomas, 262,266,268 -222; excommunicated. 'Falkirk, battle of ... 113 1121 ; 222-230; death of,~30. Falkland, Lord... 256,260 Elizabet.h of Y m'lt, wife of Family Oompact, the... ::143, 357 Henry VII ... 177.180 Farnese, Elizabeth 335, 336 J.:lilmbeth, sister of Richard Fawkes, Guy...... 23.1) Ill...... 176 Felton, mOl'derer of Buck. . Elilmbeth, daughter t)f ingham ... 247 James I ... 238 F<:rdinand II, Emperor ... 240 Elhlndun. battle of ... .. 27 Ferdinand of Aragon ... 183, 185 ... a8 Ferdiuand of B.·un8wick ... 353 Empson 187. 188 Ferrybridge. battle of .;. 166 ElIgl.md. union of... 24---27 Feudalism 50, 53, 59 J·;lIgli.hlangunge and litera· Fever~ham, Lord .... 300 tnre ...... 121.178 Field of Cloth of Gold '" ]92 English occnpation of Brit. Fire of London .... 283 lIin ...... : 15 Fisher, Bishop .. 198 F.orlN ...... 16 Fitzgerald, Lord Edward ... 396 Eri(·. Kin/!' of Norway ... 111 Fitzosberne, William ... 49 Es~a.\, on Woman, the ... 360 Fitzosbert, William... ,.. 86 Essex. Robert Deverenx, Fitzpeter, Geoffrey...... 92 Earl of ... 229 Fitzwilliam, Lord...... 395 ER~ex, Robert Devereux, Five Member~, the ... • .. 257 "~arl of, ~on of above, 259. 260. Five Mile Act ... 281 262,263 F1ambard. Ranulf.. ... 60 J<:taples, treaty of ... 183 Flemi~b alliance ... 125· J<:thandun, battle of ... 30 Fleury; Cardinal 336, 343 .. Ethelbald of Mercia 26 Floddpn, battle of ... 190 Ethelbald of Wessex 29 Folk, tbe ...... 17 Ethelbert of Kent ... 18 ]'ontenoy, battle of ... • •. 346 Ethelbert of Wessex 29 Forced loans ...... 245 Ethelfleda, the Lady of Forest lR.ws...... 56 Mercia. ... 32 Fox, Charles James, 374. 377, 380. Ethelfrith of Northumbria.. 19 . 381,385,400,402 Ethelred I 29 Francis I 191, 192, 205 I!:thelred II, the Redeless... 37 Francis II ... 218 Ethelwolf of Wessex 29 Frea ...... 218 Eugene, Prince ... '" 323 Frederick, Elector Palatine, 238, Eusta.ce, Gount of Boulogne. 43 240 Evesham, battle of ...... 104 Frederick, Prince of Wales, 345, Exchequer, Count of ... 66 355 Exclusion Bill, ... 293, et _sq. Frederick the Great of Prus. Exhibition,the Great ... 445 8~a, 345, 346, 349, 351, 353, 358 ~ .A6E PAGH Free Trade .... 437,440 Gloucester, "homas,of Wo6ci­ French Commercial Treaty 379 stock, Duke of ... 138-140 French Revolntion..... 38t. ef eeq. Godolphin. SidlleY, 309, 316, 322. French wa.rs of Revolution, l't .eq. · 387, fit .eq: Godwin, Earl 40. 4.'1,4 .... IF'Mars. coming of the ... 98 Goide1s, the ... 2 Frobisher, Martin...... 2:32 Goldsmiths, robbery of ... 283 i'nentes d'Onora, battle of 406 Good Hope, Cape of ... .. 388 Fyrd, the 17, 53, 74, 81 Gordon riots... 365,375 Grafton, Duke of 363, 364 G Graha.m, Mr...... 438 Gardiner, Bitlhop ... 209, l!1l Grampound disfranchised. 4.16 G1I.veston, Piers ... 115-117 Grand Remonstranc'!I. the ... 257 I{kneral Wa.t·I·lI.IltR ... 359 Grattan, Henry ... 392, a9o, 398 Geoffrey, son of Henry II, 80, 81 Greect', rising in, 413; jude- George I. 330; his character, pellden("e of, 419 .332; reign of, 332-339; Greene, favourite of Richa.rd d~ath of, :357. II ... 142 Gaorge II, accession of, 340; Gregory, Pope ... HI · taign of, 340-354; fights Grenville, GeOl'ge 358, 361 at Dettingen, 34-5; death of, Grem'ille, Lord ... 402 354. . Grey, Earl 421, 423, 427 Geor~e III, ("hllra.cterof, 35;'; Grey, Lady Jaue 210-213 and the Wilkes question, Grey, Rir Richard I7a,l74 3;'9; diglike for Chatham, Grey, Sir Thomas 1M 371; dismisses coalition, Grostete. Bishop ." 101 377; becomes insane, 380; Gualo, the Legate ... 95 , and Catholic qut'stion, all5, Guupowder Plot, the ... 2:{5 399; permanently insane, Guthrum 29, :3.) 406; del\th of, 410. ,R . George IV, 380,392; regent, · 406; accession 0{,411; tries Ha.bellos Corpus Act... 293 , t.oclivorcehiswife,412;and Hadrian, Emperor ... 7 , the .Catholic question. 417; Hales. Sir Edward ... 301 ; death of, 418 HIlolidon Hill, ba.ttlll of 123 German~, the IOlv 10 Ha.lifax, Lord ... 29-1., 300, :109 Gesiths, the ... 35 Hampden, John ... 250.257,2,,9 Gibra.ltar captured, 324; be' Hanover. separation from , sieged ... S73, 375. England of...... j.:!O Gladstone, 1I1r. 437,440, 446 H.ufiellr, siege of...... 151 Gleneoe, mflssa.CI·e of, ... 311 Hargreaves ...... j.:.IO Glendower, Owen 14t, 145 Barley, Robert fEarl of 0][- Gioullester, llieU;8 of ...... 260 ford) ... 327, 828, 330. 3;1:1 Gloucester, Giloert, Earl of, 104 Harold, Godwin's 80n ... 43,47 Glouoester, Hum(lhrflY, Duke . H&rold Hardrada, King of " ·of . •••. .'... 155, 156, l60 . Norway '.~ ••• 47 PAGE I· PAG. Harl..ld Hal'tlfoo...... 42 polK'1 ,owards ~I'a\lc~ H"rthaeDu~ ...... 42 147; death of, 147. . HaHtillgs. baUle of ...... 47 Henry V,I48; punishf'IILol-. Hasting... Lord 172,173 lard", 149: conciliatory Hasting., Warren ...... 380 mlmsure~ of, 149; claims 1I"t6 ... ld, lJattle of ...... 21 "rown of Frauce, 150; dis. Havllnna 357,358 coverR a Ilonspiracy, 151; Hedg~ley lloor, b8ttle of ... Hi.7 invHdt's France, 1M I in­ HellgiKt .. 13 vadet' France a second Helll·i"tta, Maria. :!42. 243, 257 timf', 152; co ne! II des' Hellry 1,62; cbarter of, 63; 'I.'reaty of 'froyes, 152; D1llniRge of. 64; defeats marriage of. 152; death DuktlRobcrt.6.J..6.J; d,ives of, 153. out Robert of Belesme. 64; Henry VI, 1M; crowned ali his dispnte with Anselm, Westminster and . 65. 6ti; his rule, 66; loses 157; comes of age, 159; his Ron, 6i; d".. th of. 68. character of, 15~; mllrri­ Htlnry lI, his po,;se_sionp. a~e of, 160; becomes in­ il ; invades England. 72; !lane, 163; d"po"ed, 165; hecullleH king, 72; restores restored, 169; murdtlred, order, 73; develops Curia 176. Re)!i~, ,73; qnDrrels with Henry VII. HO, 176, 177 I neeket, ro. 77; measures wills bat·tle of Bosworth, of. 7*, 71-1, 79, 81 : bis par. 177; his claim to the tlal ('ollquest of lrel8nd, throne. 180; mar"jage of, ill; r .. b.. llion of hiN son~, 180; foreign policy of, 182, 1-10. 81; last years of, 1-12; ' 183; invades France, 183; character and work of, 82. last years and death of, 186, Helll·.v Ill. accession of, 95; 187. ch .. rllcter of his reign, 97 ; Henry VIII, marriage of, mRrries, 99; tav~.urs for. 18t:!; foreign policy of, eigners. 100; "0 bsarvi- 189; invades France, 189; ell('C to Rome, 100; loses promotes Wolsey, 190; Poi',ou. 101; gets Dloney alliance with Ifrance, 191 , from the Church, 102; writes a.gainst Luther, accept Provisions of Ox- 192; and divorceqllestion, ford, 103;' taken prisoner, 193-1117; head of the 104; death of, 104. Church, 190; manies Henry IV, one of the LOI'ds I. Anne Boleyn, 197; mar. ApPl'liunt, 139; b .. nished, rjtlS Jane Seymour, 200; 141; returns and claim!! King of Ireland, 204.; I'rown. 142; crowned, 143 ; death of, 205. wars with France and Hellry IV of F,·ance ... 22~. Scotland, 149; de fe a til Henry of Tralltamara ... 12~· Perllies, 145; puts d~wlI Heury, Prince of Wales, son rebellion of Scrope. 146; of James I ... 235, 238, 239 4';0 urDU;

PAGE , .rAGa Henry, son of HenTY II, 77, 80, 81 Parliament to legisla.tefor. Henry, Cardinal York ... 347 339; legislative independ­ Heptarchy, the ...... 17 Ance of Parliament of. ...... 50 374: invasion of. by BOl'he. Hexham, battle of...... 167 a88; rebellion in 1798; High Gommissi(ln, Court of. 231. famine in. 441. 44a; Ire­ 251.256. 281 land. 'young,' 438. Hill. Rowland .. ; 433 Isahell>t, Queen of Edward II, Hoche. General 388. 395 119. 122 Holy Alliance ...... 413 Isa bella of Castile ... 183 Holy League '" ...... 189 ... 191 1 and fealty...... 51 Jacobite Plots. 313.316; re­ Homildon Hill. battle of ... 14.4 bellion of 1715. 334 ; rising Hooker. RichaTd ... 232 of17-t5 346. 347 Hooper. Bishop ... 214 Jacqueline of Hainault ... 155 Horsa...... 13 Jacqnerie, the ...... 1'28 Hotham, Sir John...... 258 Jamaica.. arqnired...... 273 Howard. Lord. of Effingham. 228 Jame~ I, 227: accession of. Howe, Lord...... 388. 389 233; his relations towards Hubert de Burgh... 95, 96 Puritans and Catholics; , Bishop ... 86 234, 235; relations with Humble Petition and Advice, hi~ Parliaments. 2a6. 237, the .•...... , ... 274 238. 240. 242; his fa.vour­ Hundred, the... '" 16 itea. 237.241; CTeates OJo­ Hyde, Anne ...... 291 del' of Baronets. 2:l7; his Hyde, Sir Edward, SBB Claren· foreign policy. 238, 240; dOll. sacrifices Raleigh. 239; death of, 242. I James II, 283, 291, 294; ac­ Igdrasil .,. 11 cession of. 298; reign of, Impositions ...... 236 298-306; in Ireland, 312 ; Independents... '" 26:l death of. 320. Ine of Wesscx ... 26 James I. o'f Scotland' ... 146 India. Act of Pitt ... :~79 James IV, of Scotlllnd, 184, 186, India Bill of Fox...... 377 • 190 Inkerman. ha.ttle of ...... 44-9 James V; of Scotland ... 204 Innocent III, Pope ... 90.94 James Edward, the elder Instrument of Government. Pretender, 304., 320. 334. 346. the...... 271 347 Intercursus 'Magnus.. ... 187 Jeffreys, JUdge... 299,302 Investitures. struggle about. 66 Jenkins' Ear, war of ... 343,344 IOIla...... 21 Jervis. Sir John ... 389 Irela.nd. conquered by Henry Jesuits, the ...... 22' H, 79; rehellion in. 256; , banishmeut of the ... 109 Act to enabl~ English Joan of Aro ... 156,157 llUIU. 471

PAGE PAGJl .John, King, sent to Ireland, Lancaster, John of Gaunt, 81 ; rebels against Henry Duke of, 130, 131, 132, 134, 138, II, 82; treacherous con- 141 duct towards Richard I, Lancaster. 'rhomas, Earl oi, 116, 85 ; becomes King, 87; 118 makes peace with Philip Landen, battle of ... 314 of France. 88: murders L:mfranc, Archbishop, 55, 58, 59 Arth 11 I', 88; loses Nor- Langland, William ...... 131 mandy, 89; quarrels with Langton, Archbishop ... 90, 92 the Pope, 90; the of Latimer, Bishop ... 210,214 Rome, 91; signs' Magna Laud, Archbisbop, 248,251,255 Charta. 93; dies, 9i. Landerdale, John Maitland, .John, King of France ... 128, 129 Earl of ... 28.5,296 John de Grey, Bishop of Leicester, Robert Dudley, ..• 90 Earl of ... 219,226 Johnson, Dr. Samuel ... 360 Leofric of Mercia...... 4.'3 .Joyce, C$ptain ... 265 Leopold I. Emperor...... 318 July Revolution ... 420 Leslie, Alexander, Earl of .J unto, the 314, 318 Leven ... 262 Jury ::;ystern ...... 78 Levellers, the '" 267 J u8til'iarllhip 60, 67 I Lewes, Mise and battle of ... 10~ .Jur.es, the... 9,13 I Lewis. Bee Louis ...... : Lexington. battle of...... 369 x: . Limerick, pa-cification of ... 313 Kenilworth lOt i L~ndisfarne ...... 21 Kenneth, of Scotland 05 i Liverpool, Lord ... ,1.()6, 414 Kent, Earl of... 122 I Llewellyn, Prince of Wales .• 107 Xentish Petition 320 I ],o\lards, the ... 146, 14.8, 19·7 Ket, rebellion of ... 208 1 London, founded, 8; treaty Killiecrankie, battle of ... 311 of ...... 414 King's Friends ::: 350 Londonder~y, siege of ... 3!2 King's Plea~... 57 Lor~s JustICes : .. 3:32 King~hip, Early Teutonic... 17 LoUIS \afterwards Lo u IS Klosterseven, convention of, 353 V~JI) ... 88, 94, 95 K J hn' 218 LOUIS IX ... 103. 10~ nox, 0 ... Lrmis XI... 167, 168, 169; 171 Louis XII '" 191 L Louis XIII ... 242, 245 Labourers, Statute of ... 127 Lonis XIV ... 283,286,290,291, LabouriDg classes, condition 294,298,801,304,308,312--314, of . . .. 121 317-320,328,334,335. La.ets ...... 16 Louis XV ... :335 Lagos Bay, battle of ... 3* Louis XVI ...... 38:3,385 La HO/tue ...... 314 Louis XVIII ...... 408,409 Lake, Genera.l ... 396, 397, 404 Louis Napoleon 443,448 Lambeth, treaty of ...... 96 Louis Philippe .0.429 412 INnl.

PAGE PAGff Lo,·el; Lord 181 Masel'field, bRittle of ...... 22 Lowe~toft; battle of...... 28:3 Ma~ham, :Mrs. ... 327 Loyolu., Ignatius ... 224 Massena ...... 406 Lildlow, battle of ... 164 Matilda (the Empl'e>ls Maud)' 67 • Luthcl', Martin ... 192, 194 6!}, 71 Luttrell, ColO1'lcl ...... 364 Maximilian. Emperor ... 189 ' Lymoges, Viscl'Junt of ... 85 l\fH.yflower, the .. , '242 Maynooth grant, the ... 440 Mazarin, Cardinal ...... 273 l\1acAdam ... 431 Melbourne, Viscount. 421,427. Mll.cnulny, Zachary...... 424 428-433, 4:36- Ma('.naghten, Sir William ... 450 Mercia 14.22 Madon, hattIe of 38 Methuen treaty, the...... ~2;~ Madl'as ...... 848 Middlesex election. the ... 364 l\fagdlilel\ Colle~e, Fellows of. 303 'Millenary Petition; the .. 234 Magna Charta, 6:3, 93, 94, 95, 100 Minden, battle of ... 354 Mahl'atta~, overthrow of ... 404 Mona, at·tack on 6- Maine, conquered by Henry I, 65 Monasteries, dissolution of, 199. Major-Generals, the ... 272 201 Maicolm of Scotland .... 50 Monk, George, Duke of AI. Malplaquet, battle of ... 325 bernal'le. 268, 276. 279, 283 Manchel'ter, Earl of ... 262. 263 Monmouth, James, Duke of, 29~ 11.fanilla ... 357, 358 -300 Mal', Enrl of ...... 334, Monopolies ... 230 MArgAret, daughter of Montague. Lord 167,170 Henr.r VII...... 186 Montfort, Simon de, 100, 101,103, l\brgnret. Ma.id of Norwa,y .. 111 104 Marl!art't, of Burgundy ... 181 IMontrose, Marquis of ... 263 M argarpt. wife of Henry V], .M 001'1', Sir John ... 39], 405 16? 161. 164-166,169-171. I' MoreaI', grandson of Leofric. 45· Marllt Theresa... 344-346, 349. 47, 49. 50 . 351 More, Sir Thomas... 194,198 Marie Antoinette .. ' ... 3571 Mortimer, Edmund ...... 142' Marluc,rough, Duchess of ... 322. Mortimer, Sir Edmund .... 145 326 Mortimel', Roger, favourIte Marlborough, Duke of, 313. 322~ I of Queen Isabella... 119. 122' :i25, 327 ! Mortimer, Rogel', Minister Martin, Richard ...... 4241 of Edward I ...... ]06· Martinique...... 357, 358 Mortimer's Cross, battle of, 165- Mary I J93, 200, 205, 211~216 1 Mortmain, statute of ... 108" Mary II .. 291; 294, 306, 3151 Morton, Cardinal .... 176,193 Mary. daughter of Henry Mowbray, Earl of Northum- . VII...... 191 berland ...... 61' Maryor Modena, 291,304. 8051 Mowbra.r; son of the Dukeof Mary, Queen of Scots. 204,206, Norfolk .. , ...... 14-5-· .. 21g, 22()...oo2!!2, 226, 227f l'l&untjoy,.Lord ...... 2ao<- /lURK.

PAGE PAGE l\Junil·ipal Govel'mnent ... 87 N O1·thrn~n 2t!, 37' Mnr'icipal RefoJ'fII Act ... 428 N ortl1l1mberlitDd, Earl of, 144, 145 Ml1I;pby. Fathor ...... 3!17 NOI·tbomberluTld, John Dnd- Mnrray, Jo,me~ ~tnart, Earl ley. Duke of, 204, 208-211 of 220,2'21 NOI·thnmbria, kingdom of, 19,24,. l\f uliny AC't, Lhe ... 309 25 . N Nottingham. Lord ... :l09 Naffinr, taken 314. :H6 ·0 Nant('~, Edict of ... 301 Oates. '1'itu8 292,295, 298 N8~l'b,', battle of ... 263 O'Brien, Smith ." 444 Natol ...... 451 Oceasional Conf!'rmitv, 328, 339' National d"bt... 315, SiP O'UonnI'U, Daniel, 4U( 4·20, 426- No,."riTlo. battle of ...... 414 428.439. Navigation Act ... !?tl9 Oda, A"('bhi~hop ... a4 Nectnnsmere. hattie of- ... 25 Odin...... II NrlSOTl, I.orcl, ~R!l, 390. 391, 401, Odo of B,~yenx 49,59. 402 Oira, King of Mercia ... 26 Nl"olit,hic ml'n 2 Oldco~tle. f';ir John ... 149' NpvjJl,,'s CroMR, hattIe f,f .. , 126 Olive Branch Petition .. 369 Newhul'}", fi .. ~t hattie of. 260: O'Neill, Hngh ... 229 serond hatt.Je of. 262. . Orangemen ... .. 393 Npwr;\stlp., Duke of, 3.so, 352, :~f>3. Ordainers, the Lords, 116. 117. :157. Orders in Conncil ... 403 Nt'w FOl'e~t ... ,50 Orleans. Duke of ... 335 New Model Army...... 262 Orleans. ~iege of 156,157, New Routh "Walel< ...... 451 Ormond, Duke of 333 . New York acquired... '" 284 Ostorius Scapillns 5- N I"W Zealand...... 451 Oswald, King 21 Nicholas, Tsal' ... 447,449 OSWV, King.. . .. 22 Nile. battle of .. 390 Ou d~nardo, battle of ... 325 Nonjnrors, the ... 310 I1 Overbury, Sir Thomas .. . 241 NOJP, mntiny at ... 389 Oxford, Earl of .. , .. . 186 Norfolk, T. ?'Iowbray, Duke Oxford, TJord, gee Harley. (,f ...... 141 , P N",·f"lk. Thoma~ Eoward, ' Duke of 222 Pa,i~e, Tom ." 386: N orbam, a ward, of ... 112 Palreolithic men ... 1 NOI'manrly, 10"A of ... 89 Palmerston,IJord, 429,436.437, Nornas 11 446.449. North. Lord. lI63, 364-, 365,367. Pandulf... ." ... 91.94.' 373, 3i6 Paris, Peore of ... ." 351 Nort,hampton. baUle of ... 164-1 Parishes ...... :. U· Nort.hamptoll, Coullcil of... 76 Parliament, growth of. 101; . North Briton. the...... 359 the model, 11] ; the Com- Northern Leagnf!, the .... a9I: mODS Require the right to- ' 44740 INDEX.

PAGE PAG!!: take part in, 118; divided Pedl'o the Cruel ... 129 inGo two houses, 121; pro­ Peel, Sir RoberG, 415, 417. 418. gress of under Edward Ill, 423,427,428,438,435,437.439-- 126; the' Good,' 132; of 442. 1386,138; the' Merciless,' Peep 0' day boys ... 39~1 139; highest power of, Peerage bill ...... 337 ',prior to Stuart time, 148; Pelham, Henry ... 349 under Henry V,153; under Pembl'oke, Ja~per Tudor, Earl Yorkists, 167; of Richard of...... 165 III, 176; of Hcnry VII, 1 Perroi>roke, William Marshal, 180; Ghe Reformation, 194, Earl of .. , 95, 96: · et 8SI].; 230; first Pal'lia- Penda of Mercia ... 21 ment of James 1,236; the I Peniusular War, ... 404, st seq• • Addled,' 238; third Par­ Penuy Post, the ... 43:3 liament of James I, 240; Perceval, Mr...... 406 l' 0 u r t h Par1iam"ent of Percy, Henry... 144,145. . J ames I, 242; first Parlia.- Perrers, Alice... 132,133. ment of Charles I, 2.J.8; I Peterboronl!:h, Earl of ... 324 · sec 0 n d Parliament of Peter de 10. Mare ...... 134 · Chal·les [, 244; third 92, 99 Parliament of Charles I, Petel' of Wa.kefield...... 91 246.248; the' Short,' 254; Petition of Right 246, 247. ;the' Long,' 255-2iO; ex­ Philadelphia, Congress of ... 368 pelled by Oromwell, 270; Philip II of Fl'ance,81, 84, 88, 90 the' Little' (BareboM'sl. , , '-92. 270; Oliver's Parliaments, Philip IV of France .. 113 272. st seq.; the 'Con 'len­ Philip VI of France...... 123 tion,' 279; the 'Cavalier,' Philip 11 of Spain ... 213, 227. -280, 293; lltst Pal'liaments Philip IV of Spain...... 241 -of Charles II, 293, et seq.; , 322,335, at 8eq. the second C()nvention, Phili p the good, Duke of Bur· 305; Parliament of 1715, gllndy ...... 152 333; the first reformed Philiphaugh, battle of ... 263 Parliament. 424. Philippa, wife of Edward III, 126 :Parliamentary Reform, 379, 416, Picts, the ...... '... 8 4-20-424- Piedmonte~e, massacre of .. , 273 !Pa-rma, Duke of 227 Pilgrimage of Grace, the 201. 249 IPartiti'lh treaties 317 Pinkie. battle of ...... 206 'Passaro, battle of Cape 336 Pitt. William (Earl of i)ha- Patrick, St. ... 21 thaml, 342, 348-354. 357-359, .• Patriots,' the 34-1 362--364,368,372 ,Paul. Emperor 391 Pitt, William (the younger), 374, ;Paullinl1s ... 20 377--381.38~387,388,39l,395, ·Pavia, battle of , .. 192 397,399,401,402 lPeasa.nts, rising of .. . 136,138. Pius V, PBpe... 221 lPecquini, Trea.ty of ...... 171 Plague, the Great; ... 283 INDEX.

PAGE PAGE !Poiters, hattIe of ... 128 Ralph of Norfolk ...... 56 Polt>, John de la, Earl of RamillieR, battle of .. , ... 324 Lincoln ... 176 Ranulf Flambard 60,63 Pole, Michael de la, Earl of Ranulf de G1anvil ... 81,83,85 Suffolk .. ~ 138, 139 Re.. ve, the ... .., '" 16 Pole, William de la, Duke of 'Reflect, ions 011 the French Suffolk ...... 159, 160, 181 Revolut.ion' ... .. 385,386 PolE', Henry, Marquis of Ex- Reform Bill, the first, 421; eter ...... 20 the second, 422; the third, Pole, (Cardina\), 201, 422-424- 213-216 RE'genry QUE'8tion. the ... 393 Police forre, the ...... 415 Reginald, sub-prior... 90 Political Union, the... .,. 4:10 Renaissance, the ... 179 Poor T,IIoW Amendment Act.. 425 Restoration, the ... 278 Popish Plot., the ... 292, et seq. Revolutions, .the year of ... 443 Portland, Duke of 395,403 Portobello, captured , .. 344 Rhe, expedition to the isle of, 245 Post-nati, the ...... 2::16 Rich, Edmund, Archbishop Poyning's Law ...... 187 of Canterbury 99 Prremunire, Stature of, 127, 130; Richard, I, 80; becomes Laws, 195. King. 33; raises money for Pra.yer Book, first of Edwltrd Crusades, 83; goes on Cru­ V J, 207; second of Edward sade. 84; captured hy VI, 209; of Elizabeth, 217. . Archduke of Austria, 84; Preshyt.erianism ... , .. 252 ransom of, 85; fights in Pres~, liberty of t.he '" 316 Franc-e, 85 ; killed, 85. Pre~tonpans, hattIe of , .. 347 Richard II, accession of, 134; 'Pride's Purge ...... 266 shows presence of mind 'Protestltnts, the first English 197 durin!!: Peasftont's rising, Provisions of Oxford, the, 102, 103 137; makes war with Provisors, Statute of ... 127,130 France and Scotland, 138; !Pulteney...... 341 assumes Government, 139; 'Punjah annexed ... 450 constitutional rule of, 139; 'PDrita.ns, the...... 231 concludeR trnce wit h iPym, John .... 241,254,256, 257 France, 140; attacks Lords Q Appellant, and heco,,!cs 'QuadI'D pie A Iliance of 17 J 8, 336 ; absolute king'. 141; ban­ of 18::14, 429, ishes Hereford and Nor­ ·Quebec taken ... 354 folk, 141; deposed, 142; -Quia Eml'UYre8 .. . 108 murdered, 144-. , oQuiberon .Bay, battle of 3M Richard III (Duke of Glou­ cester), 163; invades Scot­ R land, 171 ; made Protectcl', Raglan, Lord... '" 448 173; becomes King, 174; Raleigh, Sir Walter, 229, 232, murders his nephews,175; 233, 234, 239 death of, 177. INDI'JJi~

PAGE I' P,'GE Richard de Clal't!(Stl'ongufJw), 79 St. Alul1.ns, first battlc of, 163. Richard de Lucy '" .. , 81 second battle of, 16b. Richard, Eal'l of Cornwall, 1 St. Alban!:', council of .. , ,92- hr'other of Henry III 102\' St. John, Henry, Lord Boling- Richmond, Eat'l of, see Henry broke, 327, 330,333,340,341. VII. St, V incl'nt, battle of Cape a89- Richmond, Duke of ,.. a72' Salamanca, batble of .. , 407' Ridley, Bishop 211,214 8alic law,the .. , .. , 124 Ridolfi, plot of ... 272 Halisbury, Earl of, see Cecil. Riveo's, Antony, Lor'd In, 174 Salishury, Margaret, Coun- Rivers, Earl .. , ... It)!) tess of 201 Rizzio, David... . . 2:!{) SancroH, Archbishop , 3l1:>- Robert, son of Willillm 1. bO, 61, Sandwich, LOI'd 360- 04, 65 Sauta Cruz in Telleriffe 275 Ro':lcrt of Belesmc, ... 64, 65 Saratoga 3(1 Robert of Glouce~tei', son of Sa.voy Conference, the 280- Henry I 69, 71 Saxe, Marshal '" ·a46: Robert of J umiege!\ ... ..' 4:3 Saxons, the, 8, 9, 13; the Robin of Rede~dalc ... l(j8, 169 l';ast, 14; the South, 13, Rochester, Earl of...... 302 22; the West,IS. Rockingbam, firlH, 260,262,1163. Seren Ye'\ra' War, the, 351, etseq .. Russell, Admiral 313, 314 Reverus, Emperor ... 7 R\1~sell, Lord John, 416, 417, 421, Seymour, Jane...... 200,2011 427, 4~1, 44·2. Sbnftesbury, Earl of, see Rutland, Earl of ... 144 Ashley. Rutlan.], Ead of, second son Shaftesbury, Earl of ... 425,438' of ~ich"'rd,. Duke of York 164 Hhakospeare, William .. 232 RYSW1Ck, peace of :316 SIIII;W, Dr...... , .. 174 Shelborne, Lord 374.37t» s Shel'iff, the ... . 5& SIlCheV81'ell, Dr. ... , .. 326 Sheriffs, Inquest of... 7~ St. Albans, CoosaI' \'t 4 Sbel·iffmuir. battle of ... 334 olDn. 477

PAGE PAGE Ship-Voney ... iWO,256 StaIIII'Y, Lord .. 172, J77 Shire. the .... 36 Stanler, Mr. (afterward Earl St:iI'emooL ... i3 of Derby)... 426, 437 :Shrewsbury, battle of ... 145 Star Ohambel', Court of, 182. 250, 'SbrewsbUl'Y, Duke of ... !laO . 256,281 Shrewsbnry. Ellrl of ... 16::1 Rteinkirk, battle of ...... 314. :Sidney, Sir Philip ...... 2:26 StephAn. King, a.cknowledg. Sigebert of WessfOx...... 26 ed, 69; misrule of, 69; SigiMmnnd, Emperor ... 152 wars with Maud. 71; Rikb Wars ... 450 makes peace with Henry -Silesian Wars, .... 345. fit seq. of Anjou, 7:2; death of. 72. Simllel, Lambert ... 181 Stephenson, Geo"ge 41 Sind, annl'xed ... 450 . Arehbishop ... #,45 Siward, Earl of Nonhum· Stokt', battle of ...... 181 bria.. 43.44 Strafford, Earl of, BM Went.

Six Acts. 'tI1fl... 'OO 409 ,vorth. Slavery, abolition of ... 424 Sudbury, Archbishop '" 137 Slave 1'rade. abolition of the, 4·03 Soetonius PaulinuB... 6

Smith, Sir Sidney... oo 390 Suffolk, Charles Brandon.

Solway M.oss. battle of .... 204 Duke of oo. 191 8omerset, Edmund Beal1fol't, Suffolk, Bee Pole, de la Duke of :oo 162,163 Supremaey. Act of oo. 217'

;Somerset. , Rnccessioll, Art of oo. :318 Duke of .oo 167 Suspending Power ... 302 'Somel'8et, EBrl of (Protector), Swegn, King of Denmark... 38 204, 205. 206, 208, 209 Swegl1, Kiu)! ot Denmark Sophia, Electl"es8 of Han· . nephew of Onnt ... 49 over oo.·... oo. 319, 330 ' Swegn, Godwiu's son .oo 43

Soult, Mar.hal...... 407,408 II . T South Sea Bubble. the 336,337

South wold Bay, battle of oo. 288 Talavera. b .. ttle of...... 406 8paniKh Colonies, independ. Ta.mworth MlI.nife~to, the ... 428 enee of ...... - oo. 413 I Tasmania 4&1 -Spanish Succession, the. i Tenants·in·chief 51 . 317, etBeq. Tenchebrai. battle of 64- Spanish Succession, War of, . Test Act, the, 288; repealed, 417 . 322, Ilt ssq. Test Act, the Parliamentary. 293

Sperisel', Ed'mnnd... oo. 2::12 Teutonic raee, the 9-12 flpitl.ead. Mutiny at ... 389 Thegns ... 35 Spurs, battle of oo. 1~9 Theodore, Archbishop... 23,24 Stafford, Earl of ... 295 Theows 16 Stamford, battle of ...... 169 Thirty Year!'·WlI.r, the 240 'Stamford B .. idge, battle of.. .. 47 Thor... '" 11 Stamp Act, the ... 361,362 Thurstan, Archbishop ... 69 'Standard, ha.ttle of the ... 69 'riu :.. 11 ;Sllanbope, EIIl'I of 3:35, 336, 337 Toleration, proposal for, 279, 286 478 INDEX.

PAGE '.l911' 3foleration Act ... 310 Vienna, Congretls of, .. 408,420' Tone, Wolfe ... 391, 394, 397 Vienna note, the .. 447 Tonnage and Poundage, 153, 243, V illallcu ve, .A dmiral 401 247 Villie'·s, Charles ... 4:35· 'l'O\'res Vedras. lines of '" 406 Vimim'a, battle of ...... 404 'fory party, origin of ... 294 Vinegar hill. hattIe of ... 397 Tostig ...... 45, 47 Vir!1;inia, colony of 232,242: 'rownshend, Charles 363 Vittorio, battle of ... 407 Township, the 16 Towton, battle of ... 166 W Trafalgar. battle of ...... 410 Wakefield, battle of... 161). Treasons, ~tatute of ... 127 Wales, Conquest of ... lOT fJ'l'iennial Act 256, 281 Wallace, William ... 113.114 Triennial Act of William III, :';15 Walpole, l5ir Robert. 327, 3:35- Triple Alliance, the . 286 338,340-344 't'ri pie Alliance of 1717 336 Walter de Coutances ... 85, , Treaty of 152 WI~lter, Hubert 85, 86,89' Turnham Green 259 Waltheof l)6. 'I)'lel', Wat 136 WalworLh, William ...... 137 U Warbeok, Pel'kin 184,185 Ulster, disarming of, a90; Warwick, Edward, Earl of, 180•. plantation of, 242 • . 185 Undertakers, the 238 Warwick, Richard Neville, Earl of (Kingml~ker), 164, 165, Uniformity, Act of (Eliza­ . 167-17() beth), 217; lChal'les 11). 281 Washington, George 369-372: Union of English and Irish .Waterloo, battle of ... .. 408· Parliaments 397, 398 Union of England and S('ot- Watt, James...... 430' land ...... 331 Wed more, peace of ... '" 30' United Colonies. the ... 370 Wellesley, Arthur, Duke of United Irishmen, the, 394, et ,eq. Wellington,404, 406--409, 417' Universities, the English ... 87 -420,423,427, 437, 443, 444- 445· U shant, battle of ... 37:1 'f Utrecht, treaty of 329,343 Wentworth, Sir hom as, Earl of Strafford, 246,248, 249, V 254,351) Valhalla 11 Wessex, conversion of, 27; Vere, Rubert de, Duke of suprema('y of, 25, 27. • Ireland 138, 139 Westminster assembly, the, 261 Verneuil, battle of ... .., 155 Wexford, sack of ... 268 Versailles, peace of ...... 375 Wharton, Lord ... 314 Victoria, Queen, acoession of, Whig party, origin of ... 290 429; and the Bedchamber Whithy, synod of...... 23 question, 433; marriage of, White Ship, th" ... 67 436; visits Grea.t Exhibi­ Wiclif, John ... 122, 131, 136 iioD,445 Wilberforce, William ... 403 IND!". 479'

UGB 1'AG1: . ohn, 359,360,364,365 I assoCIatIOn in defeDce of, m I (CoDqueror), 43, . 316 ' ackDowledged king ; claims crown, 45, his by t onis XIV, 317; con­ ~pareDtage,46; ex tract s cludes Partition treaties, oath from Harold, 46; 317; thinks of abdicating, IIlDds at Pevensey, 47; 318; arranges GraDd Alli­ 'wins ,' ance, 320; dies, 321. 47; crowDed, 48; goes to William IV, accession of, Normandy, 49; harries the 418; and the Reform Bill, North, 49; iDvades !:lcot­ 423; death of, 429, • land, 50; s t I' e II g t ben s William, son of Henry I ... 67- royal powel', 52-55; rela­ William the LioD ... 80, 83- tioDS \\" ith the Pope, 54; William of LODgcbamp .... 84 rebellion against, 56; love Winchel.ey, Archbishop '" 110' of the cha~e, 56; deatb , Statute of '" 109' and character, 57 Winwidfield, battle of 22 William II (Rufus), 58; ty­ WiteDagemot 26,27,36, SS- I'RIlDy of, 59; quarrels with W oUe, General ... 354· Anselm, 60; wars of, 61; Wolsey, 'l;homas (Cardinal), rille ill Normandy, 62; . 190-194,195, 196 death of, 62, Wood, his pence '" :ISS· William III (P riD ceo f Woodvill", Elizabeth, 168, 170,_ Orllnge), 282, 290; iDvited 173 to EDgiand, 304; bolds Woodville, Sir .)'ohn ... 169' Converition Parliament,' Worcester, battle of ... 268 305; becomes KiDg, 306; Wulfhere of Mercia ... 25; importsllce of bis reigD, Wyatt, Sir Thomas .. ' 212,213· 30~.

PBI.UD BY IIBINIYABA, YAIlADAClB"iu &. co., lIoVNT IIOAD, ."DB""