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460 - 464 By Anne Frank ABOUT THE AUTHOR ANNELIES Marie Frank was born on 12 June 1929 at Frankfurt in Weimar, Germany. She was the second daughter of Otto Frank and Edith Frank – Hollander. Her elder sister was Margot Frank. The Franks did not observe all the customs and traditions of Judaism as they were liberal Jews. The parents encouraged the children to read. In February 1934, Edith and her children arrived in Amsterdam and the two girls were enrolled in school – Margot in a Public school and Anne in a Montessori School. Margot was good at Arithmetic whereas Anne showed aptitude for reading and writing. Both the sisters had highly distinct personalities – Margot was well-mannered, reserved and studious whereas Anne was outspoken, energetic and extrovert. In 1940, Germany invaded the Netherlands, at that time the sisters were excelling in their studies. They had many friends. They got enrolled at the Jewish Lyceum as a decree was introduced that Jewish children could attend only Jewish schools. Anne became friendly with Jacqueline Van Maarsen in the Lyceum. Anne Frank received an autograph book, bound with red and white checkered cloth for her thirteenth birthday. This book had a lock on the front and Frank decided to use it as a diary. She began writing in it almost immediately. In her diary, she wrote about the changes that had taken place in the Netherlands after the German-hd captured it. She listed the death of her grandmother and the effect of restrictions on Dutch-Jewish population. Anne loved watching movies but the Dutch-Jewish were forbidden access to movie theatres from January 1941 onwards. In July 1942, Margot Frank received a call – up notice from the central office for Jewish Emigration which ordered her to report for relocation to a work camp. The notice forced them to relocate several weeks earlier than anticipated and they moved into their hiding place, a secret Annexe on 6 July 1942. They were helped by a few dedicated people who were aware that if caught, they might face the death penalty for sheltering Jews. They stayed there for two years. On 4th 7 8 Long Reading Text (Term-1) ClassX August 1944, following a tip from an informer, the German uniformed police stormed the Annexe. All of them were arrested and sent to the punishment Barracks for hard labour. They were treated badly. In March 1945, a typhus epidemic spread through the camp, killing 17000 prisoners. Margot had also fallen ill. She died in her weakened state and a few days later Anne also died. They were buried in a mass grave as the camp was burned in an effort to prevent further spread of the disease. The only survivor of the Frank family was Otto Frank. After the war was over, he returned to Amsterdam where he was given the diary of Anne Frank, retrieved by Miep Gies, in which Anne had recorded her sufferings and feelings. The diary has been published in more than 60 languages. It is in several lists of the top books of the 20th century. ABOUT THE BOOK "THE Diary of a Young Girl" is a diary written by Anne Frank during Second World War. She wrote this Diary from 14th June 1942 to 1st August 1944. When she died in a concentration camp in Germany, Anne Frank was only fifteen. The book was eventually published in 1947 by Double day. Through her diary, she tells us the atrocities of war times, how people suffered, and how families shattered. The description and emotions are so rigid and enchanting. Anne Frank belonged to a Jewish family. Till the Second World War she enjoyed her life like any other girl. But, when Germany invaded Holland Otto Frank, Anne's father, shifted his family into a hiding. The happenings in hiding for 25 months are described by Anne in this diary. Especially her emotions and her moods are well preserved in words. She talks emotionally and eloquently about her parents, sister and her co-dwellers and herself. In August 1944 their hiding place was discovered by the Gestapo, German Secret Police. All the eight members in the hiding were sent to concentration camps in Germany where all, except Otto Frank Anne's father died in the hands of Nazis. On the pages of her diary, Anne explores love and questions the meaning of life in a way that is quite typical of a young teen, yet quite extraordinary ordeal. She captivates the reader with an innocence that contrasts the stark reality of her situation. The Diary of a Young Girl 9 The diary ends abruptly on August 1, 1944. There is no sign-off and no explanation, although it is known from historical records that the family was betrayed and captured by the Nazis. Then Hanneli came to pick me up, and we went to school. During recess I passed out cookies to my teachers and my class, and then it was time to get back to work. I didn’t arrive at home until five, since I went to gym with the rest of the class. (I’m not allowed to take part because my shoulders and hips tend to get dislocated.) As it was my birthday, I got to decide which game my classmates would play, and I chose volleyball. Afterward they all danced around me in a circle and sang “Happy Birthday.” When I got home, Sanne Ledermann was already there. Ilse Wagner, Hanneli Goslar and Jacqueline Van Maarsen came home with me after gym, since we’re in the same class. Hanneli and Sanne used to be my two best friends. People who saw us together used to say, “There goes Anne, Hanne and Sanne.” I only met Jacqueline Van Maarsen when I started for the Jewish Lyceum, and now she was my best friend. Ilse was Hanneli’s best friend, and Sanne went to another school and had friends there. They gave me a beautiful book, Dutch Sagas and Legends, but they gave me Volume II by mistake, so I exchanged two other books for Volume I. Aunt Helene brought me a puzzle, Aunt Stephanie a darling brooch and Aunt Leny a terrific book: Daisy went to Mountains. This morning I lay in the bathtub thinking how wonderful it would be if I had a dog like Rin Tin Tin. I’d call him Rin Tin Tin too, and I’d take him to school with me, where he could stay in the janitor’s room or by the bicycle racks when the weather was good. Oswaal CBSE CCE The Diary of a Young Girl Term 1 and Term 2 for Class 10(Summery in English and Hindi )

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