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Cactus Explorers Journal Bradleya 31/2013 pages 76-88 The family Crassulaceae in continental Portugal Gideon F. Smith 1 and Estrela Figueiredo 2 1 Office of the Chief Director: Biosystematics Research & Biodiversity Collections, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Private Bag X101, Pretoria, 0001 South Africa / H.G.W.J. Schwe - ickerdt Herbarium, Department of Plant Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002 South Africa / Centre for Functional Ecology, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Universidade de Coimbra, 3001-455 Coimbra, Portugal (email: [email protected]). 2 Department of Botany, P.O. Box 77000, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth, 6031 South Africa / Centre for Functional Ecology, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Universi - dade de Coimbra, 3001-455 Coimbra, Portugal (email: [email protected]). Santiago Castroviejo This paper is respectfully dedicated to Dr Santi - ago Castroviejo Bolivar (b. 7 August 1946, d. 30 September 2009), who treated the Crassulaceae for the Flora iberica project, of which he was a major architect. He had a broad international participation in botanical thrusts of a global na - ture and his untimely death leaves a void that is felt beyond his native Spain. Photograph opposite Santiago Castroviejo processing collected mate - rial gathered around Ladysmith, KwaZulu-Natal province, during a field trip to South Africa in 1999. Photographer: A. Prunell. Summary : Apart from two present-day centres of recorded for Portugal (continent, excluding is - high species diversity, one in southern Africa and lands), of which 14 are introduced. the other in Mexico, the Crassulaceae, a large family of mainly herbaceous leaf succulents, is Zusammenfassung : Abgesehen von zwei heutigen also well-represented in Europe in terms of both Zentren hoher Artdiversität (eines im südlichen genera and species. One of these genera, the pre - Afrika, das andere in Mexiko), sind die Crassu - dominantly continental European genus Sedum laceae (eine grosse Familie krautiger Blattsukku - L., has for a long time been acknowledged as in lenten) in Bezug auf Gattungen wie Arten auch in need of being split into smaller, more homogenous Europa gut vertreten. Für eine dieser Gattungen, genera. The recent implementation of some of d.h. die vorwiegend kontinentaleuropäische Gat - these taxonomic proposals is here applied to the tung Sedum L., war seit einiger Zeit die crassuloid taxa of continental Portugal (islands Notwendigkeit einer Aufteilung in kleinere, ho - excluded), with particular reference to Petrose - mogenere Gattungen klar. Die kürzliche Imple - dum Grulich. An updated and expanded checklist mentierung einiger dieser taxonomischen of the genera and species of Crassulaceae occur - Vorschläge wird hier auf die Taxa des kontinen - ring in Portugal is provided, along with notes on talen Portugals (ausgenommen Inseln) übertra - differences between Sedum and Petrosedum . gen, mit besonderer Berücksichtigung von Thirty-six species of Crassulaceae are now Petrosedum Grulich. Zudem wird eine aktual - 76 Bradleya 31/2013 isierte und erweiterte Checkliste der Gattungen Rupestria . Thiede & Eggli (2007), on the other und Arten der in Portugal vorkommenden Cras - hand, accepted Petrosedum . This treatment is fol - sulaceae publiziert, zusammen mit Bemerkungen lowed in the present paper. zu den Unterschieden zwischen Sedum und Pet - This paper updates the generic concepts re - rosedum . Derzeit sind 36 Arten der Crassulaceae cently proposed for the Crassulaceae in Europe für Portugal (Kontinent, ohne Inseln) and provides an updated checklist of the species of nachgewiesen, von welchen 14 eingeführt sind. the family that occur in continental Portugal, both naturally and as alien introductions (Castroviejo, Introduction 1997a; Sequeira et al ., 2011). In addition, the four The family Crassulaceae have a near cosmo - species of Petrosedum that occur in Portugal are politan geographical distribution range, occurring briefly discussed and a key useful to separate on most continents, but with significant present- them, especially in the vegetative phase, is pro - day centres of diversity in southern Africa (Smith vided. This paper also updates and supplements et al ., 1997) and Mexico (Thiede & Eggli, 2007). the treatment of Sedum as included in the Flora Both intra- and inter-generic relationships in the iberica . family Crassulaceae have been the subjects of studies that resulted in considerable naming and renaming of species, facilitating more recent work Species Genus to clarify the phylogeny of the family (‘t Hart & (introduced species) Eggli, 1995; Van Ham & ‘t Hart, 1998; Mort et al ., 2001). In Europe, the Crassulaceae are represented *Aeonium Webb & 2 (2) by several genera, most of which consist of small, Berthel. weedy, sub-shrublets (Webb et al ., 1964; ‘t Hart & Eggli, 1995). Sedum L. is the most speciose of the *Aichryson Webb & European genera, and has for a long time been 1 (1) Berthel. considered to encompass entities that could be more comfortably accommodated in separate gen - era (Stephenson, 2007a). More recently, earlier Crassula L. 6 (4) suggestions by Berger (1930) that could better re - flect crassuloid diversity at the generic rank were *Graptopetalum Rose 1 (1) implemented through the general acceptance of the transferral of some species of Sedum to the *Hylotelephium 1 (1) genus Petrosedum Grulich (Grulich, 1984). H.Ohba European species of Sedum can be roughly di - vided into four sections, each comprising similar, *Kalanchoe Adans. 3 (3) closely related species (Stephenson, 1994). Berger (1930) grouped one of these, the orthocarpic Sedum species with yellow or yellowish flowers, Petrosedum Grulich 4 into Sedum ser. Rupestria . They have tall, densely flowered inflorescences with carpels that remain Pistorinia DC. 1 upright until they shed their seed, and are con - sidered endemic to Europe or neighbouring areas Sedum L. 14 (1) of North Africa and the Middle East (Stephenson, 1994). *Sempervivum L. 1 (1) Grulich (1984) erected the new genus Petrose - dum Grulich in which to accommodate species of Sedum ser. Rupestria , simultaneously publishing Umbilicus DC. 2 new combinations for P. forsterianum (Sm.) Table 1. Genera and number of species of Cras - Grulich, P. pruinatum (Brot.) Grulich and P. sed - sulaceae occurring in continental Portugal. iforme (Jacq.) Grulich. Based on Grulich’s group - (* = introduced genus) ing, Velayos (1989) later published the new combinations for P. amplexicaule (DC.) Velayos and P. amplexicaule subsp. tenuifolium (Sm.) Ve - layos. In Flora iberica , Castroviejo & Velayos (1997a) synonymised Petrosedum , and upheld Sedum ser. Bradleya 31/2013 77 Key to the species of Sedum and Petrosedum in Portugal 1. Petals yellow (rarely creamy), anthers yellow .......................................................................................2 1. Petals white or pinkish, anthers red or purple ......................................................................................4 2. Growth form shrubby, up to 75 cm high .................................................................. Sedum praealtum * 2. Growth form herbaceous, much smaller ................................................................................................3 3. Sepals free; follicles spreading in a star-shape ................................................................... Sedum acre 3. Sepals united at the base; follicles erect ...................................................................... 15 ( Petrosedum ) 4. Stamens 4–5, as many as the sepals ......................................................................................................5 4. Stamens 10–12, twice the number of sepals ..........................................................................................7 5. Plants glabrous ........................................................................................................................................6 5. Plants glandulose .............................................................................................................. Sedum rubens 6. Flowers pedicellate; follicles erect .......................................................................... Sedum andegavense 6. Flowers sessile; follicles spreading in a star-shape ............................................... Sedum caespitosum 7. Petals united at the base for 1/4–3/4 of their length, forming a tube ...................................................8 7. Petals free ..............................................................................................................................................11 8. Corolla >7 mm long ..................................................................................................... Sedum mucizonia 8. Corolla <7 mm long .................................................................................................................................9 9. Plants glabrous ............................................................................................................. Sedum candollei 9. Plants glandulose ..................................................................................................................................10 10. Annual, in humid areas; without basal rosettes ................................................... Sedum maireanum 10. Perennial, in rocky areas; stems arising from basal rosettes .................................. Sedum hirsutum 11. Sepals free; follicles spreading in a star-shape
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