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A Review of Southern Iraq Herpetofauna
Vol. 3 (1): 61-71, 2019 A Review of Southern Iraq Herpetofauna Nadir A. Salman Mazaya University College, Dhi Qar, Iraq *Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract: The present review discussed the species diversity of herpetofauna in southern Iraq due to their scientific and national interests. The review includes a historical record for the herpetofaunal studies in Iraq since the earlier investigations of the 1920s and 1950s along with the more recent taxonomic trials in the following years. It appeared that, little is known about Iraqi herpetofauna, and no comprehensive checklist has been done for these species. So far, 96 species of reptiles and amphibians have been recorded from Iraq, but only a relatively small proportion of them occur in the southern marshes. The marshes act as key habitat for globally endangered species and as a potential for as yet unexplored amphibian and reptile diversity. Despite the lack of precise localities, the tree frog Hyla savignyi, the marsh frog Pelophylax ridibunda and the green toad Bufo viridis are found in the marshes. Common reptiles in the marshes include the Caspian terrapin (Clemmys caspia), the soft-shell turtle (Trionyx euphraticus), the Euphrates softshell turtle (Rafetus euphraticus), geckos of the genus Hemidactylus, two species of skinks (Trachylepis aurata and Mabuya vittata) and a variety of snakes of the genus Coluber, the spotted sand boa (Eryx jaculus), tessellated water snake (Natrix tessellata) and Gray's desert racer (Coluber ventromaculatus). More recently, a new record for the keeled gecko, Cyrtopodion scabrum and the saw-scaled viper (Echis carinatus sochureki) was reported. The IUCN Red List includes six terrestrial and six aquatic amphibian species. -
Preliminary Analysis of Correlated Evolution of Morphology and Ecological Diversification in Lacertid Lizards
Butll. Soc. Cat. Herp., 19 (2011) Preliminary analysis of correlated evolution of morphology and ecological diversification in lacertid lizards Fèlix Amat Orriols Àrea d'Herpetologia, Museu de Granollers-Ciències Naturals. Francesc Macià 51. 08402 Granollers. Catalonia. Spain. [email protected] Resum S'ha investigat la diversitat morfològica en 129 espècies de lacèrtids i la seva relació amb l'ecologia, per mitjà de mètodes comparatius, utilitzant set variables morfomètriques. La mida corporal és la variable més important, determinant un gradient entre espècies de petita i gran mida independentment evolucionades al llarg de la filogènia dels lacèrtids. Aquesta variable està forta i positivament correlacionada amb les altres, emmascarant els patrons de diversitat morfològica. Anàlisis multivariants en les variables ajustades a la mida corporal mostren una covariació negativa entre les mides relatives de la cua i les extremitats. Remarcablement, les espècies arborícoles i semiarborícoles (Takydromus i el clade africà equatorial) han aparegut dues vegades independentment durant l'evolució dels lacèrtids i es caracteritzen per cues extremadament llargues i extremitats anteriors relativament llargues en comparació a les posteriors. El llangardaix arborícola i planador Holaspis, amb la seva cua curta, constitueix l’única excepció. Un altre cas de convergència ha estat trobat en algunes espècies que es mouen dins de vegetació densa o herba (Tropidosaura, Lacerta agilis, Takydromus amurensis o Zootoca) que presenten cues llargues i extremitats curtes. Al contrari, les especies que viuen en deserts, estepes o matollars amb escassa vegetació aïllada dins grans espais oberts han desenvolupat extremitats posteriors llargues i anteriors curtes per tal d'assolir elevades velocitats i maniobrabilitat. Aquest és el cas especialment de Acanthodactylus i Eremias Abstract Morphologic diversity was studied in 129 species of lacertid lizards and their relationship with ecology by means of comparative analysis on seven linear morphometric measurements. -
A Collection of Amphibians from Río San Juan, Southeastern Nicaragua
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/264789493 A collection of amphibians from Río San Juan, southeastern Nicaragua Article in Herpetology Notes · January 2009 CITATIONS READS 12 188 4 authors, including: Javier Sunyer Matthias Dehling University of Canterbury 89 PUBLICATIONS 209 CITATIONS 54 PUBLICATIONS 967 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Gunther Köhler Senckenberg Research Institute 222 PUBLICATIONS 1,617 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Zoological Research in Strict Forest Reserves in Hesse, Germany View project Diploma Thesis View project All content following this page was uploaded by Javier Sunyer on 16 August 2018. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Herpetology Notes, volume 2: 189-202 (2009) (published online on 29 October 2009) A collection of amphibians from Río San Juan, southeastern Nicaragua Javier Sunyer1,2,3*, Guillermo Páiz4, David Matthias Dehling1, Gunther Köhler1 Abstract. We report upon the amphibians collected during seven expeditions carried out between the years 2000–2006 to thirteen localities in both Refugio de Vida Silvestre Río San Juan and Reserva Biológica Indio-Maíz, southeastern Nicaragua. We include morphometric data of around one-half of the adult specimens in the collection, and provide a brief general overview and discuss zoogeographic and conservation considerations of the amphibians known to occur in the Río San Juan area. Keywords. Amphibia, conservation, ecology, morphometry, zoogeography. Introduction potential of holding America’s first interoceanic channel and also because it was part of the sea route to travel The San Juan River is an approximately 200 km slow- from eastern to western United States. -
Distribution of Ophiomorus Nuchalis Nilson & Andrén, 1978
All_short_Notes_shorT_NoTE.qxd 08.08.2016 11:01 seite 16 92 shorT NoTE hErPETozoA 29 (1/2) Wien, 30. Juli 2016 shorT NoTE logischen Grabungen (holozän); pp. 76-83. in: distribution of Ophiomorus nuchalis CABElA , A. & G rilliTsCh , h. & T iEdEMANN , F. (Eds.): Atlas zur Verbreitung und Ökologie der Amphibien NilsoN & A NdréN , 1978: und reptilien in Österreich: Auswertung der herpeto - faunistischen datenbank der herpetologischen samm - Current status of knowledge lung des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien; Wien; (Umweltbundesamt). PUsChNiG , r. (1934): schildkrö - ten bei Klagenfurt.- Carinthia ii, Klagenfurt; 123-124/ The scincid lizard genus Ophio morus 43-44: 95. PUsChNiG , r. (1942): Über das Fortkommen A. M. C. dUMéril & B iBroN , 1839 , is dis - oder Vorkommen der griechischen land schildkröte tributed from southeastern Europe (southern und der europäischen sumpfschildkröte in Kärnten.- Balkans) to northwestern india (sindhian Carinthia ii, Klagenfurt; 132/52: 84-88. sAMPl , h. (1976): Aus der Tierwelt Kärntens. die Kriechtiere deserts) ( ANdErsoN & l EViToN 1966; s iN- oder reptilien; pp. 115-122. in: KAhlEr , F. (Ed.): die dACo & J ErEMčENKo 2008 ) and com prises Natur Kärntens; Vol. 2; Klagenfurt (heyn). sChiNd- 11 species ( BoUlENGEr 1887; ANdEr soN & lEr , M . (2005): die Europäische sumpfschild kröte in EViToN ilsoN NdréN Österreich: Erste Ergebnisse der genetischen Unter - l 1966; N & A 1978; suchungen.- sacalia, stiefern; 7: 38-41. soChU rEK , E. ANdErsoN 1999; KAzEMi et al. 2011). seven (1957): liste der lurche und Kriechtiere Kärntens.- were reported from iran including O. blan - Carinthia ii, Klagenfurt; 147/67: 150-152. fordi BoUlENGEr , 1887, O. brevipes BlAN- KEY Words: reptilia: Testudines: Emydidae: Ford , 1874, O. -
Conserving the Hip Hoppers: Amphibian Research at Greater Manchester Universities
REVIEW ARTICLE The Herpetological Bulletin 135, 2016: 1-3 Conserving the hip hoppers: Amphibian research at Greater Manchester Universities ROBERT JEHLE1*, RACHAEL ANTWIS1 & RICHARD PREZIOSI2 1School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Salford, M5 4WT Salford, UK 2Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, M13 9PT Manchester, UK *Corresponding author Email: [email protected] Characterising Greater Manchester is not an easy task. As a hotbed of radical ideas, the rise of Greater Manchester during the industrial revolution was followed by a significant economic and population decline. As one of the fastest-growing regions in the United Kingdom of the 21st century, contemporary Greater Manchester is shaped by a conglomerate of different influences. The dynamic history of the area is also reflected in emerging herpetological research activities. Without a pronounced tradition in organismal herpetology, Greater Manchester has recently developed into a national hotspot for academic research on amphibian conservation. Perhaps most importantly, the emerged activities are largely shaped through efforts led by postgraduate students. The present overview summarises Figure 1. Participants of the 2015 Amphibian Conservation these developments. Research Symposium in Cambridge. The conference series A main home of amphibian research activities in Greater started in Manchester in 2012. Manchester is represented by the Manchester Amphibian Research Group (MARG, http://amphibianresearch.org), with a main goal to “advance both ex situ and in situ amphibian conservation through evidence-based research”. Table 1. Amphibian conservation-related research outputs The first MARG meeting took place at the University (indexed journal articles) produced at Greater Manchester of Manchester in 2010, and convened the principal Universities since the first MARG meeting in 2010. -
Biología De Campo 2008
Biología de Campo 2008 Universidad de Costa Rica Facultad de Ciencias Escuela de Biología Biología de Campo 2008 Coordinadores: Federico Bolaños Jorge Lobo Eduardo Chacón Golfito, Puntarenas Enero-Febrero 2008 Indice Indice................................................................................................................................. 2 Presentación del curso...................................................................................................... 4 Lista de participantes ........................................................................................................ 5 Frases Célebres................................................................................................................6 Fotografía de grupo........................................................................................................... 9 Fotografías de participantes............................................................................................ 10 Trabajos grupales ........................................................................................................... 31 Relación del ambiente lumínico con el desarrollo de palmas de dosel ...................... 32 Diversidad y abundancia de palmas de en dos tipos de bosque del Refugio Nacional de Vida Silvestre Golfito .............................................................................................. 38 Comparación del daño causado por herbívoros y patógenos entre especies de plantas nativas e introducidas................................................................................................. -
The Journey of Life of the Tiger-Striped Leaf Frog Callimedusa Tomopterna (Cope, 1868): Notes of Sexual Behaviour, Nesting and Reproduction in the Brazilian Amazon
Herpetology Notes, volume 11: 531-538 (2018) (published online on 25 July 2018) The journey of life of the Tiger-striped Leaf Frog Callimedusa tomopterna (Cope, 1868): Notes of sexual behaviour, nesting and reproduction in the Brazilian Amazon Thainá Najar1,2 and Lucas Ferrante2,3,* The Tiger-striped Leaf Frog Callimedusa tomopterna 2000; Venâncio & Melo-Sampaio, 2010; Downie et al, belongs to the family Phyllomedusidae, which is 2013; Dias et al. 2017). constituted by 63 described species distributed in In 1975, Lescure described the nests and development eight genera, Agalychnis, Callimedusa, Cruziohyla, of tadpoles to C. tomopterna, based only on spawns that Hylomantis, Phasmahyla, Phrynomedusa, he had found around the permanent ponds in the French Phyllomedusa, and Pithecopus (Duellman, 2016; Guiana. However, the author mentions a variation in the Frost, 2017). The reproductive aspects reported for the number of eggs for some spawns and the use of more than species of this family are marked by the uniqueness of one leaf for confection in some nests (Lescure, 1975). egg deposition, placed on green leaves hanging under The nests described by Lescure in 1975 are probably standing water, where the tadpoles will complete their from Phyllomedusa vailantii as reported by Lescure et development (Haddad & Sazima, 1992; Pombal & al. (1995). The number of eggs in the spawns reported Haddad, 1992; Haddad & Prado, 2005). However, by Lescure (1975) diverge from that described by other exist exceptions, some species in the genus Cruziohyla, authors such as Neckel-Oliveira & Wachlevski, (2004) Phasmahylas and Prhynomedusa, besides the species and Lima et al. (2012). In addition, the use of more than of the genus Agalychnis and Pithecopus of clade one leaf for confection in the nest mentioned by Lescure megacephalus that lay their eggs in lotic environments (1975), are characteristic of other species belonging to (Haddad & Prado, 2005; Faivovich et al. -
Genetic Evidence for Occurrence of Macrovipera Razii (Squamata, Viperidae) in the Central Zagros Region, Iran
Herpetozoa 33: 27–30 (2020) DOI 10.3897/herpetozoa.33.e51186 Genetic evidence for occurrence of Macrovipera razii (Squamata, Viperidae) in the central Zagros region, Iran Hamzeh Oraie1,2 1 Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran 2 Department of Biodiversity, Institute of Biotechnology, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran http://zoobank.org/955A477F-7833-4D2A-8089-E4B4D48B0E31 Corresponding author: Hamzeh Oraie ([email protected]) Academic editor: Peter Mikulíček ♦ Received 16 February 2020 ♦ Accepted 17 March 2020 ♦ Published 9 April 2020 Abstract This study presents the first molecular evidence ofMacrovipera razii from central Zagros, more than 300 km north-west of its prior records in southern Iran. Molecular analyses based on mitochondrial cytochrome b sequences identified the individuals from central Zagros as a lineage of M. razii. Specimens from the new localities are separated by a genetic distance of 1.46% from the known populations of M. razii. The results extend the known distribution range of M. razii as an endemic species of Iran. Key Words Iran, Macrovipera, mtDNA, new record, Ra zi’s Viper, taxonomy, Viperidae Central Zagros is a mainly mountainous region in the Macrovipera razii, described by Oraie et al. (2018) based Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province and surrounding on a holotype collected at 105 km on the road from Jiroft areas of Iran. Its climatic conditions and topographic in- to Bam near Bab-Gorgi village and Valley, Kerman tricacy contribute to unique ecological conditions and a Province. The known distribution range of M. razii is significant level of biodiversity. Several endemic species reported as the central and southern parts of Iran (Oraie et of the Iranian herpetofauna are restricted to this region al. -
Amphibiaweb's Illustrated Amphibians of the Earth
AmphibiaWeb's Illustrated Amphibians of the Earth Created and Illustrated by the 2020-2021 AmphibiaWeb URAP Team: Alice Drozd, Arjun Mehta, Ash Reining, Kira Wiesinger, and Ann T. Chang This introduction to amphibians was written by University of California, Berkeley AmphibiaWeb Undergraduate Research Apprentices for people who love amphibians. Thank you to the many AmphibiaWeb apprentices over the last 21 years for their efforts. Edited by members of the AmphibiaWeb Steering Committee CC BY-NC-SA 2 Dedicated in loving memory of David B. Wake Founding Director of AmphibiaWeb (8 June 1936 - 29 April 2021) Dave Wake was a dedicated amphibian biologist who mentored and educated countless people. With the launch of AmphibiaWeb in 2000, Dave sought to bring the conservation science and basic fact-based biology of all amphibians to a single place where everyone could access the information freely. Until his last day, David remained a tirelessly dedicated scientist and ally of the amphibians of the world. 3 Table of Contents What are Amphibians? Their Characteristics ...................................................................................... 7 Orders of Amphibians.................................................................................... 7 Where are Amphibians? Where are Amphibians? ............................................................................... 9 What are Bioregions? ..................................................................................10 Conservation of Amphibians Why Save Amphibians? ............................................................................. -
The Phylogeny of the Eremias Velox Complex of the Iranian Plateau and Central Asia (Reptilia, Lacertidae): Molecular Evidence from ISSR-PCR Fingerprints
Iranian Journal of Animal Biosystematics(IJAB) Vol.5, No.1, 33-46, 2009 ISSN: 1735-434X The phylogeny of the Eremias velox complex of the Iranian Plateau and Central Asia (Reptilia, Lacertidae): Molecular evidence from ISSR-PCR fingerprints ESKANDAR RASTEGAR POUYANI Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Tarbiat Moallem University of Sabzevar, P.O.Box, 397, Iran The rapid fringe-toed lizard, Eremias velox, is widely distributed in the Iranian plateau and Central Asia. Several local morphotypes have so far been reported from different parts of its range, representing this taxon as a species complex. In an attempt to reveal phylogenetic relationships among various populations of this complex group, 37 specimens from 13 geographically distant localities in Iran and central Asia, covering most parts of its range, were sampled. Using Inter Simple Sequence Repeat amplification (ISSR-PCR) as a molecular marker, whole the nuclear genome of all specimens was screened. Phylogenetic analysis of the prepared data set successfully recovered seven major clades within the E. velox complex. Relationships among the major clades were highly resolved with remarkable statistical supports and well correspond to the geographic distribution of the populations. The reconstructed phylogeny implies that the clade as a whole has been originated in the Iranian plateau and expanded into central Asia before uplifting the Kopet-Dagh Mountains. It has then undergone a rapid cladogenesis in the latter area and produced several morphotypes. Within the Iranian clades two main groups could be defined, the foothill and highland dwellers and the open plane and desert dweller populations. The phylogenetic tree together with the estimated amounts of genetic distances among the independent lineages, provide good grounds for a fundamental revision of the taxonomic status of the Eremias velox complex. -
Dedicated to the Conservation and Biological Research of Costa Rican Amphibians”
“Dedicated to the Conservation and Biological Research of Costa Rican Amphibians” A male Crowned Tree Frog (Anotheca spinosa) peering out from a tree hole. 2 Text by: Brian Kubicki Photography by: Brian Kubicki Version: 3.1 (October 12th, 2009) Mailing Address: Apdo. 81-7200, Siquirres, Provincia de Limón, Costa Rica Telephone: (506)-8889-0655, (506)-8841-5327 Web: www.cramphibian.com Email: [email protected] Cover Photo: Mountain Glass Frog (Sachatamia ilex), Quebrada Monge, C.R.A.R.C. Reserve. 3 Costa Rica is internationally recognized as one of the most biologically diverse countries on the planet in total species numbers for many taxonomic groups of flora and fauna, one of those being amphibians. Costa Rica has 190 species of amphibians known from within its tiny 51,032 square kilometers territory. With 3.72 amphibian species per 1,000 sq. km. of national territory, Costa Rica is one of the richest countries in the world regarding amphibian diversity density. Amphibians are under constant threat by contamination, deforestation, climatic change, and disease. The majority of Costa Rica’s amphibians are surrounded by mystery in regards to their basic biology and roles in the ecology. Through intense research in the natural environment and in captivity many important aspects of their biology and conservation can become better known. The Costa Rican Amphibian Research Center (C.R.A.R.C.) was established in 2002, and is a privately owned and operated conservational and biological research center dedicated to studying, understanding, and conserving one of the most ecologically important animal groups of Neotropical humid forest ecosystems, that of the amphibians. -
The Most Frog-Diverse Place in Middle America, with Notes on The
Offcial journal website: Amphibian & Reptile Conservation amphibian-reptile-conservation.org 13(2) [Special Section]: 304–322 (e215). The most frog-diverse place in Middle America, with notes on the conservation status of eight threatened species of amphibians 1,2,*José Andrés Salazar-Zúñiga, 1,2,3Wagner Chaves-Acuña, 2Gerardo Chaves, 1Alejandro Acuña, 1,2Juan Ignacio Abarca-Odio, 1,4Javier Lobon-Rovira, 1,2Edwin Gómez-Méndez, 1,2Ana Cecilia Gutiérrez-Vannucchi, and 2Federico Bolaños 1Veragua Foundation for Rainforest Research, Limón, COSTA RICA 2Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro, 11501-2060 San José, COSTA RICA 3División Herpetología, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales ‘‘Bernardino Rivadavia’’-CONICET, C1405DJR, Buenos Aires, ARGENTINA 4CIBIO Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, InBIO, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, Rua Padre Armando Quintas 7, 4485-661 Vairão, Vila do Conde, PORTUGAL Abstract.—Regarding amphibians, Costa Rica exhibits the greatest species richness per unit area in Middle America, with a total of 215 species reported to date. However, this number is likely an underestimate due to the presence of many unexplored areas that are diffcult to access. Between 2012 and 2017, a monitoring survey of amphibians was conducted in the Central Caribbean of Costa Rica, on the northern edge of the Matama mountains in the Talamanca mountain range, to study the distribution patterns and natural history of species across this region, particularly those considered as endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. The results show the highest amphibian species richness among Middle America lowland evergreen forests, with a notable anuran representation of 64 species.