2021 Summer Gunsmithing Program
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Machining Accuracy of Machine Tools
Technical Information Machining Accuracy of Machine Tools Productivity and accuracy of machine tools are important competition aspects. Rapidly changing operating conditions for machine tools, however, make it diffi cult to increase productivity and accuracy. In the manufacture of parts, increasingly small batch sizes have to be produced economically, and yet accurately. In the aerospace industry, maximum cutting capacity is needed for the roughing processes, whereas the subsequent fi nishing processes must be executed with maximum precision. For milling high-quality molds, high material removal rates are required during roughing and excellent surface quality must be obtained after fi nishing. At the same time, maximum contouring feed rates are necessary to realize the required minimum distances between the paths within acceptable machining times. Thermal accuracy of machine tools is becoming increasingly important considering the strongly varying operating conditions in manufacturing. Especially with small production batches that require constantly changing machining tasks, a thermally stable condition cannot be reached. At the same time, the accuracy of the fi rst workpiece is becoming very important for the profi tability of production orders. Constant changes between drilling, roughing and fi nishing operations contribute to the fl uctuations in the thermal condition of a machine tool. During the roughing operations, the milling rates increase to values above 80 %, whereas values below 10 % are reached during fi nishing operations. The increasingly high accelerations and feed rates cause heating of the recirculating ball screw in linear feed drives. Position measurement in the feed drives therefore plays a central role in stabilizing the thermal behavior of machine tools. -
National Rifle Association the Nra Handbook
NATIONAL RIFLE ASSOCIATION THE NRA HANDBOOK Including the NRA RULES OF SHOOTING and the Programme of THE IMPERIAL MEETING FRIDAY 12 JUNE TO SATURDAY 25 JULY 2020 This Handbook is issued by, and the Rules, Regulations and Conditions are made by, order of the Council and approved on 22 February 2020. This document is effective from 30 March 2020. Published by the National Rifle Association, Bisley Camp, Brookwood, Woking, Surrey, GU24 0PB Tel: 01483 797777 Fax: 01483 797285 £9.50 10 11 THE HANDBOOK OF THE NATIONAL RIFLE ASSOCIATION This book contains three Volumes, each containing Parts, Sections and Paragraphs. Appendices appear at the end of each Volume. Parts, Sections, Paragraphs and Appendices are all numbered consecutively through the entire book. To avoid repeating pronouns, the masculine form only is used throughout. Thus ‘he’ should be read as ‘he/she’, ‘him’ as ‘him/her’, and ‘his’ as ‘his/her(s)’. The 24 hour clock is used throughout. Volumes 4 to 6, the NRA Gallery Rifle and Pistol Handbook, the NRA Target Shotgun Handbook and the NRA Civilian Service Rifle and Practical Rifle Handbook, are published separately, but derive authority from the Council’s authorisation of this Handbook. Volume 7, the Classic and Historic Arms Handbook, is in preparation. This book is available in large print on A4 paper by application to Shooting Division. All Volumes of the Handbook are available as pdf downloads on the NRA website. Information contained in this Handbook is valid as at 22 February 2020. Changes will be notified via the NRA website, the NRA Journal and, if necessary, by e-mail and/or post. -
V-TECS Guide for Machine Shop (Machinist). INSTITUTION South Carolina State Dept
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 264 397 CE 043 059 AUTHOR Gregory, Margaret R.; Benson, Robert T. TITLE V-TECS Guide for Machine Shop (Machinist). INSTITUTION South Carolina State Dept. of Education, Columbia. Office of Vocational Education. PUB DATE 85 NOTE 443p. PUB TYPE Guides Classroom Use - Guides (For Teachers) (052) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC18 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Behavioral Objectives; Competency Based Education; Definitions; *Equipment Maintenance; *Equipment Utilization; Job Skills; Learning Activities; Lesson Plans; *Machine Tools; *Machinists; Mathematics Skills; Measurement Equipment; Measurement Techniques; Numerical Control; Safety; Secondary Education; Shop Curriculum; Teacher Developed Materials; *Trade and Industrial Education; Welding ABSTRACT This curriculum guide is intended to train trade and industrial education students in the hands-on aspects of the occupation of machinist. Included in the guide arecourse outlines that deal with the following topics: following safety procedures; performing mathematical calculations; designing and planning machine work; performing precision measurement and bench work; operating drill presses, grinders, power saws, lathes, milling machines, and shapers; welding; performing heat treatment tasks; and operating numerical controlled machines. Each course outline containssome or all of the following: a duty; a task statement; a performance objective and performance guide; suggested learning activities;a list of recommended resources; student evaluation criteria, including answers to any evaluation questions or exercises provided; a lesson test, test answers; and attachments (including handouts, forms, and transparency masters). Appendixes to the guide include definitions of terms, duty and task and tool and equipment lists, evaluation questions and answers, and a bibliography. (MN) *********************************************************************** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best thatcan be made * * from the original document. -
Introduction to Selecting Milling Tools Iimportant Decisions for the Selection of Cutting Tools for Standard Milling Operations
Introduction to Selecting Milling Tools IImportant decisions for the selection of cutting tools for standard milling operations The variety of shapes and materials machined on modern milling machines makes it impera- tive for machine operators to understand the decision-making process for selecting suitable cutting tools for each job. This course curriculum contains 16-hours of material for instructors to get their students ready to make basic decisions about which tools are suitable for standard milling operations. ©2016 MachiningCloud, Inc. All rights reserved. Table of Contents Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 2 Audience ..................................................................................................................................... 2 Purpose ....................................................................................................................................... 2 Lesson Objectives ........................................................................................................................ 2 Where to Start: A Blueprint and a Plan .......................................................................................... 3 Decision 1: What type of machining is needed? ............................................................................ 7 Decision 2: What is the workpiece material? ................................................................................. 7 ISO Material -
5842:ED Use - PAGE Only 1 Command, NSW Police Force
For Official Use Only Figures produced by the NSWPF Firearms Registry These figures provide a list of clubs and their valid club approval/s Note: Clubs may have multiple approval types These figures are current as at 1 December 2018 Club Approval Name Club Approval Type 3 VALLEY HUNTING AND TARGET CLUB Shooting Hunting 48TH REGIMENT OF FOOT RE-ENACTMENT GROUP INC. Shooting Hunting 73RD REGIMENT OF FOOT INC Pistol Shooting Hunting Collecting A P I PISTOL CLUB INC. Pistol ABERDEEN RIFLE CLUB Shooting Hunting Collecting ACT SMALLBORE RIFLE CLUB Shooting AHEPA HUNTING SHOOTING & FISHING CLUB INC Shooting Hunting AIRPORT PISTOL CLUB Pistol Shooting ALBURY SMALLBORE RIFLE CLUB INC Shooting Hunting ALBURY WODONGA CLAY TARGET CLUB INC Shooting ALL SEASONS HUNTING CLUB INC Hunting ALPINE HUNTING & TARGET SHOOTING CLUB PTY LTD Pistol Shooting Hunting ANTIQUE ARMS COLLECTORS SOCIETY OF AUSTRALIA Collecting API RIFLE CLUB Shooting ARDLETHAN/BECKOM SPORTING CLAYS Shooting Hunting ARGYLE PISTOL CLUB INCORPORATED Pistol ARMIDALE PISTOL CLUB Pistol ARMIDALE RIFLE CLUB Shooting ARMS AND MILITARIA COLLECTORS'ASSOCIATION OF NSW Collecting ARMS COLLECTORS GUILD OF NSW Collecting ASC HUNTING CLUB INC Hunting AUSTRALIAN BIATHLON ASSOCIATION INC Shooting AUSTRALIAN CONSERVATION HUNTERS CLUB INCORPORATED Hunting AUSTRALIAN CONSERVATION HUNTING COUNCIL INC Hunting AUSTRALIAN DEER & GAME HUNTERS CLUB INCORPORATED Shooting Hunting Collecting AUSTRALIAN DEER ASSOCIATION INCORPORATED Hunting AUSTRALIAN HUNTERS INTERNATIONAL INC Hunting AUSTRALIAN HUNTING NET INCORPORATED -
Appendix D – Machining Guidelines
Appendix D – Machining Guidelines A. Holding and Chucking When holding any composite billet or part it is important to remember that, unlike metallic materials, polymers will deform/distort under excessive holding pressures. This is very important when machining parts/billets with a thin cross-section (0.250 in / 6.35 mm or under) and for finish machining. Parts/billets that are held too tightly may spring back after release from the holding mechanism and result in parts that are not concentric and/or undesirable dimensions. 1. Standard Jaw Chucking Four or six jaw chucks are acceptable for thick cross-section parts and billets. Ensure medium chucking jaw pressure to prevent material distortion. 2. Pie Jaw Chucking Pie jaw chucking, contacting as close to 90% of the OD as possible, is a superior holding method over standard jaw chucking. This works well for any operation and is preferred over standard chucking for finish machine operations. 3. Adhesive Bonding / Gluing As an alternate to standard chucking directly to the composite, a billet can be glued to a fixture of alternate material prior to machining operations. If this method is used, it is recommended that guidelines from the adhesive manufacturer be followed to ensure sufficient quantity and coverage. Both Loctite® 4090 and 3MTM Scotch-WeldTM Acrylic Adhesive 8405NS have been successfully used. 4. Holding Fixtures Use holding fixtures to grip composite components during finish machining operations. Holding fixtures shall contact 100%of either the OD or ID and should be a snug fit (in/out by hand). PTFE is the best material of construction for fixtures with PVC being a close (slightly more rigid) second choice. -
Magnetically Impelled Arc Butt (MIAB) Welding of Chrome Plated Steel
MAGNETICALLY IMPELLED ARC BUTT (MIAB) WELDING OF CHROMIUM- PLATED STEEL TUBULAR COMPONENTS UTILIZING ARC VOLTAGE MONITORING TECHNIQUES DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By David H. Phillips, M.S.W.E ***** The Ohio State University 2008 Dissertation Committee: Professor Charley Albright, Advisor Approved by Professor Dave Dickinson _________________________________ Professor John Lippold Advisor Welding Engineering Graduate Program ABSTRACT Magnetically Impelled Arc Butt (MIAB) welding is a forge welding technique which generates uniform heating at the joint through rapid rotation of an arc. This rotation results from forces imposed on the arc by an external magnetic field. MIAB welding is used extensively in Europe, but seldom utilized in the United States. The MIAB equipment is robust and relatively simple in design, and requires low upset pressures compared to processes like Friction welding. In the automotive industry, tubular construction offers many advantages due to the rigidity, light weight, and materials savings that tubes provide. In the case of automotive suspension components, tubes may be chromium-plated on the ID to reduce the erosive effects of a special damping fluid. Welding these tubes using the MIAB welding process offers unique technical challenges, but with potential for significant cost reduction vs. other welding options such as Friction welding. Based on published literature, this research project represented the first attempt to MIAB weld chromium-plated steel tubes, and to utilize voltage monitoring techniques to assess weld quality. ii Optical and SEM microscopy, tensile testing, and an ID bend test technique were all used to assess the integrity of the MIAB weldments. -
A Comparison of Thixocasting and Rheocasting
A Comparison of Thixocasting and Rheocasting Stephen P. Midson The Midson Group, Inc. Denver, Colorado USA Andrew Jackson Arthur Jackson & Co., Ltd. Brighouse UK Abstract The first semi-solid casting process to be commercialized was thixocasting, where a pre-cast billet is re-heated to the semi-solid solid casting temperature. Advantages of thixocasting include the production of high quality components, while the main disadvantage is the higher cost associated with the production of the pre-cast billets. Commercial pressures have driven casters to examine a different approach to semi-solid casting, where the semi-solid slurry is generated directly from the liquid adjacent to a die casting machine. These processes are collectively referred to as rheocasting, and there are currently at least 15 rheocasting processes either in commercial production or under development around the world. This paper will describe technical aspects of both thixocasting and rheocasting, comparing the procedures used to generate the globular, semi-solid slurry. Two rheocasting processes will be examined in detail, one involved in the production of high integrity properties, while the other is focusing on reducing the porosity content of conventional die castings. Key Words Semi-solid casting, thixocasting, rheocasting, aluminum alloys 22 / 1 Introduction Semi-solid casting is a modified die casting process that reduces or eliminates the porosity present in most die castings [1] . Rather than using liquid metal as the feed material, semi-solid processing uses a higher viscosity feed material that is partially solid and partially liquid. The high viscosity of the semi-solid metal, along with the use of controlled die filling conditions, ensures that the semi-solid metal fills the die in a non-turbulent manner so that harmful gas porosity can be essentially eliminated. -
Aviation Machinist's Mate 3 & 2
NONRESIDENT TRAINING COURSE Aviation Machinist’s Mate 3 & 2 NAVEDTRA 14008 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. PREFACE About this course: This is a self-study course. By studying this course, you can improve your professional/military knowledge, as well as prepare for the Navywide advancement-in-rate examination. It contains subject matter about day- to-day occupational knowledge and skill requirements and includes text, tables, and illustrations to help you understand the information. An additional important feature of this course is its reference to useful information in other publications. The well-prepared Sailor will take the time to look up the additional information. History of the course: • Sep 1991: Original edition released. Prepared by ADCS(AW) Terence A. Post. • Jan 2004: Administrative update released. Technical content was not reviewed or revised. Published by NAVAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND TECHNOLOGY CENTER TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER PAGE 1. Jet Engine Theory and Design ............................................................................... 1-1 2. Tools and Hardware ............................................................................................... 2-1 3. Aviation Support Equipment.................................................................................. 3-1 4. Jet Aircraft Fuel and Fuel Systems ........................................................................ 4-1 5. Jet Aircraft Engine Lubrication Systems .............................................................. -
Part 2, Materials and Welding
RULE REQUIREMENTS FOR MATERIALS AND WELDING 2002 PART 2 American Bureau of Shipping Incorporated by Act of Legislature of the State of New York 1862 Copyright 2001 American Bureau of Shipping ABS Plaza 16855 Northchase Drive Houston, TX 77060 USA Rule Change Notice (2002) The effective date of each technical change since 1993 is shown in parenthesis at the end of the subsection/paragraph titles within the text of each Part. Unless a particular date and month are shown, the years in parentheses refer to the following effective dates: (2000) and after 1 January 2000 (and subsequent years) (1996) 9 May 1996 (1999) 12 May 1999 (1995) 15 May 1995 (1998) 13 May 1998 (1994) 9 May 1994 (1997) 19 May 1997 (1993) 11 May 1993 Listing by Effective Dates of Changes from the 2001 Rules EFFECTIVE DATE 1 January 2001 (based on the contract date for construction) Part/Para. No. Title/Subject Status/Remarks 2-1-1/15.1 Permissible Variations in To clarify that mill scale is to be considered when the Dimensions – Scope plate is produced for compliance with the specified under tolerance Section 2-4-4 Piping To align ABS requirements with IACS UR P2 regarding fabrication of piping and non-destructive examinations, and to outline the requirements for the heat treatment of piping. This Section is applicable only to piping for installation on vessels to be built in accordance with the Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels. ii ABS RULE REQUIREMENTS FOR MATERIALS AND WELDING . 2002 PART 2 Foreword For the 1996 edition, the “Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels – Part 2: Materials and Welding” was re-titled “Rule Requirements for Materials and Welding – Part 2.” The purpose of this generic title was to emphasize the common applicability of the material and welding requirements in “Part 2” to ABS-classed vessels, other marine structures and their associated machinery, and thereby make “Part 2” more readily a common “Part” of the various ABS Rules and Guides, as appropriate. -
General Gunsmith Tools 421-461
GRACE USA GENERAL GUNSMITH TOOLS GENERAL GUNSMITH TOOLS INDEX 17 PIECE TOOL SET PLUS Action Proving Dummies .......... 457 Drill Bits .................... 446-447 Rotary Tools ................. 445-446 BENCH BLOCK Action Wrenches ............. 451-452 Hammers ................... 429-430 Saws/Files ................... 438-441 Contains Tools Necessary For Quick Repairs In The Field Ammunition Tools ................ 430 Headspace Gauges ........... 456-457 Scope Mounting Tools ........ 459-460 Handy tool set contains everything Barrel Vises ................. 452-453 Inspection Tools ............. 442-443 Screw Extractors ................. 447 you need to perform quick repairs on your guns. Kit includes: (8) fixed blade screw- Basic Tool Kits ................ 421-423 Lathe Bits/End Mills ........... 450-451 Screwdrivers ................ 431-437 drivers with parallel ground tips to fit most gun screws, (8) brass punches, and an 8 Bench Blocks .................... 425 Machining Accessories ........ 449-450 Stones & Trigger Jigs ......... 443-445 ounce brass hammer. Punches are made 5 1 3 1 5 3 7 1 of /16” brass hex stock and come in /16", /32", /8", /32", /16", /32", /4", 5 Bench Mats ................. 424-425 Measuring Instruments ........ 441-442 Taps & Dies ................. 447-449 and /16" diameter. Kit comes with a neoprene base to keep tools organized, but also serves as a functional bench block. Neoprene Boresighters ................. 460-461 Picks/Hooks/Scribes ............... 441 Trigger Pull Gauges ............... 451 base can also -
Heat Treating of Aluminum Alloys
ASM Handbook, Volume 4: Heat Treating Copyright © 1991 ASM International® ASM Handbook Committee, p 841-879 All rights reserved. DOI: 10.1361/asmhba0001205 www.asminternational.org Heat Treating of Aluminum Alloys HEAT TREATING in its broadest sense, • Aluminum-copper-magnesium systems The mechanism of strengthening from refers to any of the heating and cooling (magnesium intensifies precipitation) precipitation involves the formation of co- operations that are performed for the pur- • Aluminum-magnesium-silicon systems herent clusters of solute atoms (that is, the pose of changing the mechanical properties, with strengthening from Mg2Si solute atoms have collected into a cluster the metallurgical structure, or the residual • Aluminum-zinc-magnesium systems with but still have the same crystal structure as stress state of a metal product. When the strengthening from MgZn2 the solvent phase). This causes a great deal term is applied to aluminum alloys, howev- • Aluminum-zinc-magnesium-copper sys- of strain because of mismatch in size be- er, its use frequently is restricted to the tems tween the solvent and solute atoms. Conse- specific operations' employed to increase quently, the presence of the precipitate par- strength and hardness of the precipitation- The general requirement for precipitation ticles, and even more importantly the strain hardenable wrought and cast alloys. These strengthening of supersaturated solid solu- fields in the matrix surrounding the coher- usually are referred to as the "heat-treat- tions involves the formation of finely dis- ent particles, provide higher strength by able" alloys to distinguish them from those persed precipitates during aging heat treat- obstructing and retarding the movement of alloys in which no significant strengthening ments (which may include either natural aging dislocations.