BIOLOGICAL RESOURCE SURVEY REPORT FOR THE RITZ-CARLTON BLUFF PROTECTION PROJECT, HALF MOON BAY, SAN MATEO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA

DECEMBER 2017

PREPARED FOR Ritz-Carlton, Half Moon Bay

PREPARED BY SWCA Environmental Consultants

BIOLOGICAL RESOURCE SURVEY REPORT FOR THE RITZ-CARLTON BLUFF PROTECTION PROJECT HALF MOON BAY, SAN MATEO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA

Prepared for The Ritz-Carlton, Half Moon Bay 1 Miramontes Point Rd Half Moon Bay, CA 94019 Attn: Carlson Newman

Prepared by SWCA Environmental Consultants 60 Stone Pine Road, Suite 201 Half Moon Bay, California 94019 (650) 440-4160 www.swca.com

SWCA Project No. 44588

December 2017

Ritz-Carlton Bluff Protection Project Biological Resource Survey Report

SUMMARY

SWCA Environmental Consultants (SWCA) prepared this retroactive Biological Resource Survey Report (BRSR) at the request of the Ritz-Carlton, Half Moon Bay for the emergency work required to demolish and remove exposed foundation elements within the Miramontes Point coastal bluff in the city of Half Moon Bay, San Mateo County (Project).

This BRSR documents the existing environmental setting for the Project and the biological study area (BSA), which includes the Project Area plus a 200-foot buffer surrounding the Project Area. SWCA conducted a desktop review and field survey for sensitive biological resources with the potential to occur in the BSA, and to identify activities that may impact a Coastal Resource Area (CRA). In addition, this BRSR provides a list of recommended Avoidance and Minimization Measures (AMMs) designed to avoid Project impacts to special-status species and sensitive habitats.

Based on the results of the literature review and field survey, the BSA and Project Area contains: • suitable habitat for several nesting migratory birds covered under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act; • suitable dispersal habitat for two federally or state listed wildlife species (California red-legged frog [Rana draytonii] and San Francisco garter snake [Thamnophis sirtalis tetrataenia]);

No special-status plant or animal species were observed during the survey, although suitable habitat for the above-mentioned species was observed in the BSA. Six special-status plant species (California Native Plant Society [CNPS] rare) were determined to have at least some potential to occur in the BSA; however, special-status plant species are not expected to occur in the Project Area.

The Project Area is located approximately 500 meters northwest of Canada Verde Creek. The Project Area is located on the coastal bluff west of the hotel. The Project is not expected to impact a CRA as defined by the City of Half Moon Bay Land Use Plan and Zoning Ordinance, nor result in a significant biological impact provided that Avoidance and Minimization Measures provided in Section 5 of this BRSR are implemented.

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CONTENTS

Summary ...... i

1 Introduction ...... 1 1.1 Purpose of Biological Resource Survey Report ...... 1 1.2 Project Location and Description ...... 1

2 Regulatory Background ...... 4 2.1 Federal Policies and Regulations ...... 4 2.1.1 Section 404 of the Clean Water Act of 1977 ...... 4 2.1.2 Federal Endangered Species Act ...... 4 2.1.3 Migratory Bird Treaty Act ...... 5 2.2 State and Local Policies and Regulations ...... 5 2.2.1 California Endangered Species Act ...... 5 2.2.2 California Environmental Quality Act Guidelines ...... 5 2.2.3 California Coastal Act and Half Moon Bay Local Coastal Program ...... 6 2.2.4 California Fish and Game Code Section 1602 ...... 6 2.2.5 California Protection for Birds (California Fish and Game Code Sections 3503, 3503.5, 3513, and 3800) ...... 6

3 Methodology ...... 7 3.1 Desktop Review and Literature Research ...... 7 1.2 Field Survey ...... 7

4 Results...... 7 1.2 Topography and Soils ...... 8 4.1 Vegetation Communities ...... 8 4.1.1 Northern Coastal Bluff Scrub ...... 8 4.1.2 Annual Grassland ...... 8 4.1.3 Sea Cliffs...... 10 4.1.4 Sandy Beach ...... 10 4.1.5 Open Water ...... 10 4.1.6 Ruderal/Disturbed ...... 10 4.1.7 Developed/Urban ...... 10 4.2 Sensitive Resource Assessment ...... 11 4.2.1 Special-Status Species with Potential to Occur ...... 11 4.2.2 Nesting Migratory Passerine Birds and Raptors ...... 13 4.2.3 Wildlife Habitats ...... 13 4.2.4 Wetlands, Floodplains, and Waters of the U.S...... 13 4.2.5 Coastal Resource Areas ...... 13

5 Avoidance and Minimization Measures ...... 15

6 References ...... 17

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Appendices

Appendix A. Photo Documentation Appendix B. CNDDB and CNPS Record List and Consideration for Potential Occurrence in the Biological Study Area Appendix C. Species Observed During the Field Survey Appendix D. CNDDB and Critical Habitat Map

Figures

Figure 1. Project vicinity map...... 2 Figure 2. Project location map...... 3 Figure 3. Vegetation community map...... 9

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1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Purpose of Biological Resource Survey Report This Biological Resource Survey Report (BRSR) has been prepared by SWCA Environmental Consultants (SWCA) at the request of the Ritz-Carlton, Half Moon Bay. The intent of this report is to identify sensitive biological resources and activities that may impact a Coastal Resource Area (CRA) per the City of Half Moon Bay’s (City) Zoning Code (City Code) and Land Use Plan (LUP) for the emergency coastal bluff protection work required on the Half Moon Bay Ritz-Carlton property (Project). This report includes the results from a desktop review, literature search, and a field survey of the Project Area, the construction footprint, and areas within a 200-foot buffer, referred to hereafter as the biological study area (BSA).

1.2 Project Location and Description

The Project includes emergency work required to demolish and remove exposed foundation elements (concrete vertical columns and horizontal grade beams) within the Miramontes Point coastal bluff in the city of Half Moon Bay, San Mateo County (Figure 1). Exposed foundation elements will be separated from the buried, unexposed portion of the foundation using a 380,000-pound crane and 89,000-pound excavator. The crane will be staged on the bluff and above the exposed foundation elements (Figure 2). An excavator will be lowered by the crane to the beach and will be used to process concrete pylons. The concrete pylons will then be hoisted by the crane up to the top of the bluff to 18-wheel dump trucks staged adjacent to the crane. All removed material will be hauled offsite to an appropriate disposal facility. Work activities will be conducted during daylight hours and are anticipated to be conducted over a 1-week period.

Work within the beach area will take place during low tide above the mean higher high water (MHHW) elevation. Following each daily low tide work period, all equipment, including the excavator, will be removed from the beach using the crane. The bluff work area, to be used for crane staging and dump truck staging during loading, will be accessed from Miramontes Point Road using the existing golf cart path and adjacent lawn area (Figure 2; Appendix A). Steel plates will be installed along the entirety of the access route.

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Figure 1. Project vicinity map.

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Figure 2. Project location map.

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2 REGULATORY BACKGROUND

2.1 Federal Policies and Regulations 2.1.1 Section 404 of the Clean Water Act of 1977

The purpose of the Clean Water Act (CWA) is to “restore and maintain the chemical, physical, and biological integrity of the nation’s waters.” Section 404 of the CWA prohibits the discharge of dredged or fill material into “waters of the United States” without a permit from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE). The term “waters of the United States” as defined in the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR; 33 CFR 328.3[a]; 40 CFR 230.3[s]) includes: 1) All waters which are currently used, were used in the past, or may be susceptible to use in interstate or foreign commerce, including all waters which are subject to the ebb and flow of the tide; 2) All interstate waters including interstate wetlands (Wetlands are defined by the federal government [CFR Section 328.3(b), 1991] as those areas that are inundated or saturated by surface or groundwater at a frequency and duration sufficient to support, and that under normal circumstances do support, a prevalence of vegetation typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions.).; 3) All other waters such as intrastate lakes, rivers, streams (including intermittent streams), mud flats, sand flats, wetlands, sloughs, prairie potholes, wet meadows, playa lakes, or natural ponds, the use, degradation, or destruction of which could affect interstate or foreign commerce; 4) All impoundments of waters otherwise defined as waters of the United States under the definition; 5) Tributaries of waters identified in paragraphs (1) through (4); 6) Territorial seas; and, 7) Wetlands adjacent to waters (other than waters that are themselves wetlands) identified in paragraphs (1) through (6). 8) Waters of the United States do not include prior converted cropland. Notwithstanding the determination of an area’s status as prior converted cropland by any other federal agency, for the purposes of the CWA, the final authority regarding CWA jurisdiction remains with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA; 33 CFR 328.3[a][8] added 58 CFR 45035, August 25, 1993).

The EPA also has authority over wetlands and may override a USACE permit. Substantial impacts to wetlands may require an individual permit. Projects that only minimally affect wetlands may meet the conditions of one of the existing Nationwide Permits. A Water Quality Certification or waiver pursuant to Section 401 of the CWA is required for Section 404 permit actions; this certification or waiver is issued by the applicable Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB).

2.1.2 Federal Endangered Species Act

The Federal Endangered Species Act of 1973 (FESA) protects plants and wildlife that are listed as endangered or threatened by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Marine Fisheries Service (NOAA Fisheries). Section 9 of the FESA prohibits the “take” of endangered wildlife, where taking is defined as “harass, harm, pursue, hunt,

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shoot, wound, kill, trap, capture, collect, or attempt to engage in such conduct” (50 CFR 17.3). For plants, this statute governs removing, possessing, maliciously damaging, or destroying any endangered plant on federal land and removing, cutting, digging-up, damaging, or destroying any endangered plant on non- federal land in knowing violation of state law (16 United States Code [USC] 1538). Under Section 7 of the FESA, federal agencies are required to consult with USFWS if their actions, including permit approvals or funding, may adversely affect a federally listed species or its designated critical habitat. Through consultation and the issuance of a biological opinion, USFWS may issue an incidental take statement allowing take of the species that is incidental to otherwise authorized activity provided the action will not jeopardize the continued existence of the species. Section 10 of the FESA provides for issuance of incidental take permits to private parties in association with development of a Habitat Conservation Plan.

2.1.3 Migratory Bird Treaty Act

The Migratory Bird Treaty Act of 1918 (MBTA) implements international treaties between the United States and other nations devised to protect migratory birds, any of their parts, eggs, and nests from activities such as hunting, pursuing, capturing, killing, selling, and shipping, unless expressly authorized in the regulations or by permit. As authorized by the MBTA, USFWS may issue permits to qualified applicants for the following types of activities: falconry, raptor propagation, scientific collecting, special purposes (rehabilitation, education, migratory game bird propagation, and salvage), take of depredating birds, taxidermy, and waterfowl sale and disposal. The regulations governing migratory bird permits can be found in 50 CFR Part 13, General Permit Procedures, and 50 CFR Part 21, Migratory Bird Permits.

2.2 State and Local Policies and Regulations 2.2.1 California Endangered Species Act

The California Endangered Species Act of 1984 (CESA) and the Native Plant Protection Act of 1977 (NPPA) ensure legal protection for plants listed as rare or endangered, and wildlife listed as threatened or endangered. The California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW) regulates activities that may result in the “take” of such species. Take of state-listed species would require a Section 2081 incidental take permit from CDFW. This process requires submittal of a sensitive species study and permit application package to CDFW. If CDFW concurs that impacts to a state listed species would likely occur as a result of a proposed project, alternatives and measures to avoid or reduce the impacts must be identified in a Section 2081 permit to allow for incidental take authorization. CDFW may also include compensatory mitigation (mitigation/conservation bank) requirements for impacts to habitat for listed plants and wildlife.

CDFW also maintains informal lists of “species of special concern.” These species are broadly defined as plants and wildlife that are of concern to CDFW because of population declines and restricted distributions, and/or they are associated with habitats that are declining in California. Development- related impacts to species on the state endangered or threatened lists and lists of species of special concern are considered “significant” under the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) Guidelines.

2.2.2 California Environmental Quality Act Guidelines

Although threatened and endangered species are protected by specific federal and state statutes, State CEQA Guidelines Section 15380 provides that a species not listed on the federal or state list of protected species may be considered rare or endangered if the species can be shown to meet certain specified criteria. These criteria have been modeled after the definition in the FESA and the section of the California Fish and Game Code dealing with rare or endangered species. Section 15380 was included in

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the State CEQA Guidelines primarily to address situations in which a public agency is reviewing a project that may have a significant effect on a species that has not yet been listed by either USFWS or CDFW. Therefore, CEQA provides a lead agency with the ability to protect a species from a project’s potential impacts until the respective governmental agencies have an opportunity to formally protect the species.

2.2.3 California Coastal Act and Half Moon Bay Local Coastal Program

The California Coastal Act of 1976 (CCA) governs the decisions made by the California Coastal Commission (CCC) regarding issues such as shoreline public access and recreation, terrestrial and marine habitat protection, water quality, commercial fisheries, and development within the California coastal zone. Development within the coastal zone would require either a Coastal Development Permit (CDP) or CDP Exemption from CCC or from a local government with a CCC-certified Local Coastal Program.

The City’s Local Coastal Program has been developed in compliance with the CCA and is guided by the City’s Local Coastal Program Land Use Plan (City of Half Moon Bay 1993). In accordance with City Code Section 18.38, Coastal Resource Conservation Standards (City of Half Moon Bay 2009), SWCA conducted the biological resource survey and prepared this BRSR to assess whether the Project would impact a CRA. As defined by Section 18.38.020 of the City Code, CRAs may include the following resources: (1) sensitive habitats including sand dunes, marine habitats, sea cliffs, riparian areas, wetlands, coastal tidelands and marshes, lakes and ponds, adjacent shore habitats, coastal and off-shore areas containing breeding and/or nesting sites or used by migratory and resident water-associated birds for resting and feeding, areas used for scientific study and research concerning fish and wildlife, existing game or wildlife refuges and reserves, habitats containing or supporting unique species or any rare and endangered species defined by the California Fish and Game Commission, rocky intertidal zones, and coastal scrub community associated with coastal bluffs and gullies; (2) riparian area and corridors; (3) bluff, cliffs, and sea-cliffs; (4) wild strawberry habitat; (5) wetlands; and (6) archaeological resources. It is anticipated the Project will not impact a CRA; however, the Project may be subject to a CDP in accordance with the City’s Local Coastal Program.

2.2.4 California Fish and Game Code Section 1602

Section 1602 of the California Fish and Game Code requires that a Notification of Lake or Streambed Alteration be submitted to CDFW and the notification deemed complete by CDFW for any activity that may “substantially divert or obstruct the natural flow of, or substantially change or use any material from the bed, channel, or bank of, any river, stream, or lake, or deposit or dispose of debris, waste, or other material containing crumbled, flaked, or ground pavement where it may pass into any river, stream, or lake.” CDFW reviews the proposed actions and, if the activity would result in a substantial adverse effect to fish and wildlife resources, submits to the applicant a draft agreement with measures to protect the affected fish and wildlife resources. The final proposal that is mutually agreed upon by the department and the applicant is the Lake or Streambed Alteration Agreement.

2.2.5 California Protection for Birds (California Fish and Game Code Sections 3503, 3503.5, 3513, and 3800)

Section 3503 of the California Fish and Game Code states that it is unlawful to take, possess, or needlessly destroy the nest or eggs of any bird, except as otherwise provided in the California Fish and Game Code or any regulation made pursuant thereto. Section 3503.5 provides protection for all birds of prey, including their eggs and nests. In addition, Section 3513 states that it is unlawful to take or possess any migratory bird as designated in the MBTA or any part of such migratory birds except as provided by rules and regulations under provisions of the MBTA. Section 3800 states that it is unlawful to take non-

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game birds and defines non-game birds as, “all birds occurring naturally in California that are not resident game birds, migratory game birds, or fully protected birds.”

3 METHODOLOGY

3.1 Desktop Review and Literature Research SWCA performed an extensive literature review to gain familiarity with the Project and to identify potential sensitive biological features including CRAs, target flora and fauna species, and wetlands that have the potential to occur in the BSA (Figure 2). The review consisted of a records search of current versions of the CDFW California Natural Diversity Database (CNDDB; CNDDB 2017); the USFWS online Information, Planning, and Conservation System (IPaC) species list system (USFWS 2017b); and the California Native Plant Society (CNPS) online Inventory of Rare and Endangered Plants (CNPS 2017) within the Half Moon Bay U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) topographic quadrangle. The CNDDB search was further refined to a 5-mile search surrounding the Project. The USFWS Critical Habitat Mapper (USFWS 2017a) was queried to identify critical habitat for terrestrial and aquatic species near the BSA. SWCA biologists also reviewed Calflora maps of listed species (Calflora 2017) and compared them against the results of the CNDDB and CNPS searches. All of the listed species and habitats found in the literature review were compiled into a table for use during the field survey as described in Section 3.2 below (Appendix B).

The U.S. Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) Soil Survey for San Mateo County (NRCS 2017), National Wetlands Inventory (NWI) Database (USFWS 2017c), USGS National Hydrography Dataset (NHD) (USGS 2017), USGS topographic quadrangles, and aerial imagery were also reviewed to provide additional information for soils and potential wetlands known to occur in the BSA. Literature pertaining to potential sensitive natural resources and pertinent zoning and land use documents were studied to determine the classification of CRAs as well as the compliance requirements for the Project (City of Half Moon Bay 1993, 2009).

1.2 Field Survey A field survey was conducted on November 3, 2017, by SWCA biologists Dana Page and Seth Dallmann. The survey included walking transects that covered the property boundary as well as the surrounding 200- foot buffer (Figure 2). The surveyors assessed the BSA for its potential to support special-status plant and wildlife species, potential wetland features, habitat types, wildlife movement corridors, and indications of wildlife breeding activities. In addition, the biologist identified and mapped vegetation communities according to Preliminary Descriptions of the Terrestrial Natural Communities of California (Holland 1986). When necessary, the biologists referred to the Jepson Manual (Baldwin et al. 2012) to identify plant species. Project footprint and construction methods were considered to determine whether they could impact a CRA. A list of species observed during the survey is included in Appendix C.

4 RESULTS 4.1 Desktop Review and Literature Research There is no critical habitat designated in the BSA. Desktop research returned records for three plant species with federal or state listing status and 47 additional plants with CNPS California Rare Plant Rank 1B or 2 near the BSA (Appendix B). Records were returned for five wildlife species with federal or state

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listing status, and six additional species with CDFW designated status. The results of the desktop research were then used during field surveys to compare records to existing habitat types to determine the potential for special-status species to occur in the BSA (see Section 4.4.1.). Table B-1 in Appendix B describes each of these species’ habitat requirements, listing status, and potential to occur in the BSA.

1.2 Topography and Soils The topography within the BSA is nearly flat (<5% grade). The BSA does include a sea cliff/bluff that drops from approximately 20 meters to sea level. The elevation ranges from approximately 0 to 20 meters above mean sea level. Results from the NRCS Web Soil Survey yielded no digital data for soil types within the BSA. No soil pits were dug or examined during the field investigation.

4.1 Vegetation Communities

The BSA consists of varying fragmented natural and developed habitats. The BSA is primarily situated on a coastal bluff that is surrounded by a golf course and a full-functioning hotel. A recreational coastal access trail runs through the site, as well as active golfing greens and annual grasslands. In total, seven vegetation communities were mapped in the BSA (Figure 3).

4.1.1 Northern Coastal Bluff Scrub

Northern coastal bluff scrub is composed of low, often prostrate scrub ranging from 5 to 50 centimeters (2 to 20 inches) tall and often growing in continuous mats. Dwarf shrubs, herbaceous perennials, and annuals in this habitat are exposed to constant winds, salty air, and generally rocky or poorly developed soils. Common species include seaside fiddleneck (Amsinckia spectabilis), thrift seapink (Armeria maritima), seaside paintbrush (Castilleja latifolia), sea lettuce (Dudleya farinose), seaside daisy (Erigeron glaucus), lizard tail (Eriophyllum staechadifolium), gumweed (Grindelia stricta), and cat’s ear (Hypochaeris radicata) (Holland 1986).

Northern coastal bluff scrub occurs at the northwest end of the BSA and harbors multiple species, including lizard tail, gumweed, yellow bush lupine (Lupinus arboreus), buckwheat (Eriogonum latifolium), and David’s choice sagebrush (Artemisia pycnocephala).

4.1.2 Annual Grassland

Annual grassland is characterized by dense 1-meter tall vegetation dominated by perennial grasses. There is fluctuating composition based on variables in soil moisture availability. The soils are generally comprised of sandy loam on the marine terrace. This habitat is within the coastal fog incursion zone. Common species include California oatgrass (Danthonia californica), tufted hairgrass (Deschampsia caespitosa), and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) (Holland 1986).

Areas along the edge of the golf course and along the paved access trail are comprised of native grasses. Some of these areas also include landscaped portions that surround the hotel. The dominant native grass species include California festuca (Festuca californica) and tufted hairgrass. A variety of non-native plants are present within the annual grassland areas, but are not found at high densities. Non-native plants include bristly ox-tongue (Helminthotheca echioides) and scarlet pimpernel (Anagallis arvensis).

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Figure 3. Vegetation community map.

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4.1.3 Sea Cliffs

Sea cliffs are steep faces along the coast that are subject to marine erosion. Sea cliffs are exposed to wind and waves and are largely devoid of vegetation in steep areas due to erosion. Species found in central coastal scrub may inhabit portions of sea cliffs where erosion is minimized by harder subsurface structure or where erosion has decreased the slope of the cliff, and where scrub species have established, such as where drainages or creeks flow to the ocean. These areas may provide refuge or nesting habitat for migratory and resident water-associated birds.

Sea cliffs occur along the western end of the BSA where the coastal bluffs meet the sandy beach. Sea cliffs are considered a CRA and may provide refuge to many shoreline species.

4.1.4 Sandy Beach

Sandy beach occurs on thin strips between the Pacific Ocean and the terrestrial environment. Wave activity and tidal changes generally deposit an excess of sand on the beaches during the summer months and remove sand from the beaches during the winter months. The ever-changing site conditions limit the number of organisms that are able to adapt to this environment. Wildlife found along sandy beaches typically includes shorebirds, seabirds, and occasionally marine mammals. Sandy habitats are usually devoid of vegetation due to shifting sands and trampling.

Sandy beach occurs along the western and southwest perimeter of the BSA where the land meets the Pacific Ocean. Species observed on sandy beaches in the BSA include gulls and other shorebird species.

4.1.5 Open Water

Open water habitats include areas of standing or flowing water that typically lack emergent vegetation or a canopy cover, including ponds, creeks, and the ocean.

The Pacific Ocean is located at the western end of the BSA, and man-made ponds are located on the Half Moon Bay Golf Links golf course and outside of the BSA. Various avian species were observed in the open waters of the Pacific Ocean at the western boundary of the BSA, including Brandt’s cormorants (Phalacrocorax penicillatus), brown pelicans (Pelecanus occidentalis), and numerous gull species.

4.1.6 Ruderal/Disturbed

Ruderal and disturbed habitats are characterized by a lack of vegetation or are dominated by non-native plant species that are hardy and able to out-compete native species in highly disturbed areas. Ruderal and disturbed habitats often occur along roadsides and fence lines, near developments, and in other areas experiencing severe surface disturbance.

Ruderal vegetation is found along the west edge of the Project Area and transitions into a mix of some native species at the northwestern edge of the BSA; ice plant (Carpobrotus edulis) dominates this area.Vegetation species observed in these areas include ice plant, bristly ox-tongue, wild strawberry (Fragaria vesca), and coyote brush (Baccharis pilularis).

4.1.7 Developed/Urban

Developed/urban habitat is found in regularly and highly disturbed areas, including areas that have been developed and/or include landscaping such as trees, shrubs, ornamental plants, and lawns. Vegetation

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density, canopy cover, and species composition will vary based on the structure and composition of the developed area. Vegetation may include native or exotic species, or a combination of both.

Developed/urban habitats are found throughout the BSA, including the Half Moon Bay Golf Links golf course, landscaped areas bordering the hotel, patio areas, and the coastal recreational trail that runs through the BSA. Locations around the hotel and within the BSA have the potential to support nesting birds covered under the MBTA. These areas include awnings and ornamental vegetation.

4.2 Sensitive Resource Assessment Based on the literature review and field survey observations, suitable habitat conditions were present that could support special-status species; however, no special-status species were observed in the BSA. Sixty- one listed species—47 plant species and 14 wildlife species—were assessed for their potential to occur in the BSA (Appendix B).

4.2.1 Special-Status Species with Potential to Occur

4.2.1.1 SPECIAL-STATUS PLANTS

No federal, state, or CNPS listed species were observed in the BSA during the field survey. A desktop review (CNPS and CNDDB) produced a total of 47 special-status plant species, including CNPS 1 and 2 ranked species. A description of these species and their potential to occur is included in Appendix B. Of the 47 species that were assessed, none of the CNPS listed plant species were determined to have potential to occur within the Project Area. However, six of the 47 species were determined to have potential to occur within the BSA: bent-flowered fiddleneck (Amsinckia lunaris; CNPS 1B.2), Blasdale’s bent grass (Agrostis blasdalei, CNPS 1B.2), Choris’ popcornflower (Plagiobothrys chorisianus var. chorisianus; CNPS 1B.2), Franciscan thistle (Cirsium andrewsii; CNPS 1B.2), Kellogg's horkelia (Horkelia cuneata var. sericea; CNPS 1B.1), and perennial goldfields (Lasthenia californica ssp. macrantha; CNPS 1B.2).With implementation of the Avoidance and Minimization Measures (AMMs) provided in Section 5, no impacts to special-status plants are expected to occur as a result of the Project.

No natural communities of concern were identified in the BSA. The field survey revealed a landscape dominated by urban development and ruderal vegetation with some isolated patches of northern coastal bluff scrub located north of the Project Area. The Project Area is dominated by ice plant and planted landscape grass. Despite the timing of the survey, special-status plant species are not expected to occur or be impacted by Project activities due to the disturbed nature within the Project Area.

4.2.1.2 SPECIAL-STATUS WILDLIFE

No federal, state, or sensitive animal species were observed in the BSA during the field survey. A desktop review (USFWS and CNDDB) produced 11 special-status wildlife species that have been recorded within 5 miles of the Project. A description of these species and their potential to occur is included in Appendix B. Of the 11 special-status species that were assessed, two special-status wildlife species were determined to have potential to occur in the Project Area: • California red-legged frog (Rana draytonii): federally threatened, CDFW species of special concern; • San Francisco garter snake (Thamnophis sirtalis tetrataenia): federally and state endangered, CDFW fully protected species;

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California Red-Legged Frog (Rana draytonii)

California red-legged frog, a federally threatened and state species of special concern, occurs in various habitats during its life cycle. Breeding areas include aquatic habitats such as lagoons, streams, and natural and human-made ponds. The species prefers aquatic habitats with little or no flow, the presence of surface water to at least early June, surface water depths to at least 2.3 feet, and the presence of emergent vegetation (e.g., cattails and bulrush). During periods of wet weather, some individuals may make overland dispersals through adjacent upland habitats of distances up to 1 mile (USFWS 2002). Upland habitats including small mammal burrows and woody debris can also be used as refuge during the summer if water is scarce or unavailable (Jennings and Hayes 1994). California red-legged frogs typically travel between sites and are unaffected by topography and vegetation types during migration. Dispersal habitat makes it possible for California red-legged frogs to locate new breeding and non-breeding sites, and is crucial for conservation of the species.

Seven California red-legged frog occurrences have been recorded within 5 miles of the Project Area in 2000 and 2010 (CNDDB 2017). The nearest CNDDB records indicate California red-legged frog individuals were observed approximately 0.8 mile southeast of the Project Area.

The Project Area is primarily comprised of disturbed/ruderal and developed/urban areas, which provide marginal upland dispersal habitat for this species. Two creeks occur in the vicinity of the Project Area that may provide suitable aquatic habitat for this species: an unnamed creek (approximately 0.1 mile north of the Project Area) and Canada Verde Creek (approximately 0.3 mile southeast of the Project Area). However, the Project Area is surrounded by developed land. The developed and highly disturbed nature of areas surrounding the Project Area may provide obstacles to upland dispersal to the Project Area from any nearby aquatic features.

Due to the location of the Project Area in relation to suitable aquatic habitat, there is moderate potential for California red-legged frog to travel through the Project Area to access other nearby aquatic sources. With implementation of the AMMs provided in Section 5, impacts to California red-legged frog are not anticipated to occur as a result of the Project.

San Francisco Gartner Snake (Thamnophis sirtalis tetrataenia)

The federally and state endangered San Francisco garter snake’s historical range is entirely within San Mateo County. The two main components of San Francisco garter snake habitat are: 1) wetlands supporting its prey species (e.g., California red-legged frog and Pacific chorus frog [Pseudacris regilla]); and 2) surrounding uplands that support small mammal burrows used by the snakes for escape cover (USFWS 2006). San Francisco garter snakes inhabit various aquatic habitats, including reservoirs, freshwater marshes, creeks, drainage ditches, ponds, and lakes. Less ideal habitats can also be used by San Francisco garter snake, such as ditches and other waterways, or floating algal or rush mats. Suitable breeding habitat includes shallow marshlands with an abundance of emergent vegetation. Grasslands are also an important upland habitat for this species, as they provide areas for thermoregulation and cover. Prey items for this species include California red-legged frog, Pacific chorus frogs, and earthworms. Small mammal burrows are used by San Francisco garter snake during hibernation. During the warm days of summer, most activity occurs during the morning and afternoon. Preferred nocturnal retreats are thought to be holes, especially mammal burrows; crevices; and surface objects (USFWS 2007).

San Francisco garter snake occurrences have been recorded within 5 miles of the property boundary, and the nearest CNDDB records indicate two San Francisco garter snake adults were observed approximately 2.7 miles north of the Project Area.

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The Project Area is primarily comprised of disturbed/ruderal and developed/urban areas, which provide marginal upland dispersal habitat for this species. Two creeks occur in the vicinity of the Project Area that may provide suitable aquatic habitat for this species: an unnamed creek (0.1 mile north of the Project Area) and Canada Verde Creek (0.3 mile southeast of the Project Area). However, the Project Area is surrounded by developed land. The developed and highly disturbed nature of areas surrounding the Project Area may provide obstacles to upland dispersal to the Project Area from any nearby aquatic features.

Due to the location of the Project Area in relation to marginal aquatic habitat, there is low potential for San Francisco garter snake to occur within the Project Area. With implementation of the AMMs provided in Section 5, no impacts are anticipated to this species as a result of Project activities.

4.2.2 Nesting Migratory Passerine Birds and Raptors

The BSA contains suitable nesting and foraging habitat for avian species protected under the MBTA and California Fish and Game Code Sections 3511 and 3513. Avian species protected by the MBTA and California Fish and Game Code observed in the BSA during the field survey include, but are not limited to, American crow (Corvus brachyrhynchos), red-tail hawk (Buteo jamaicensis), and yellow-rumped warbler (Setophaga coronate). If Project activities occur during the nesting season (February 1 through August 31), it is recommended that the AMMs provided in Section 5 be implemented to avoid impacts to nesting birds.

4.2.3 Wildlife Habitats

Due to the fragmentation, development, and high level of human disturbance in the Project Area, Project activities are not anticipated to affect any wildlife movement corridors. The Project will not have any significant impacts to natural habitat and is not expected to interfere substantially with the movement of any native resident or migratory fish or wildlife, nor impede the use of native wildlife nursery sites.

4.2.4 Wetlands, Floodplains, and Waters of the U.S.

No jurisdictional waters were observed within the Project Area. Intertidal and open water areas occur in the BSA and west of the Project Area. Equipment operation is anticipated with the sandy beach along the west side of the Project Area, but no Project activities are anticipated below the mean high tide line. With implementation of the AMMs provided in Section 5, no impacts are anticipated to jurisdictional water features.

4.2.5 Coastal Resource Areas

4.2.5.1 SENSITIVE HABITAT AREAS

The City prohibits “any land use and/or development which would have significant adverse impacts on sensitive habitat areas” (City of Half Moon Bay 1993). The proposed Project activities are necessary to maintain immediate safety to the general public. The Project does not include permanent impacts to any sensitive habitat area, and is not expected to have significant impacts to sensitive habitat areas with implementation of the AMMs provided in Section 5.

The sections below are a discussion of sensitive habitat areas located in the BSA. Sensitive habitat areas not observed in the BSA but defined in Section 2.2.3 and in Section 18.38.020 of the City Code are not discussed further in this report.

13 Ritz-Carlton Bluff Protection Project Biological Resource Survey Report

Sea Cliffs

As defined in Section 18.38.060 of the City Code, a sea cliff is a cliff whose toe is subject to marine erosion. Sea cliffs may provide nesting habitat for nesting birds such as the common murre (Uria aalge) and pigeon guillemot (Cepphus columba), as well as other burrowing animals. Sea cliffs are present within the western section of the Project Area, where the pillars will be removed. Sandy beach areas adjacent to the sea cliffs are subject to frequent human disturbance, and therefore the cliffs do not provide favorable nesting habitat for seabirds. Furthermore, impacts to sea cliffs are temporary and adverse impacts to these features are not expected to occur as a result of the Project.

Habitats Containing or Supporting Unique Species or Any Rare and Endangered Species

Various habitats in the BSA have the potential to support unique species and/or special-status species. The distribution of special-status species with potential to exist in the BSA is discussed in Section 4.4.1. Unique species, including raptors, California red-legged frog, sea mammals, and California wild strawberry, and have been identified by the City as having “scientific or historic value, few indigenous habitats, or some characteristics that draw attention or are locally uncommon” (City of Half Moon Bay 2009).

The extent of California wild strawberry habitat is discussed in Section 4.2.5.4. Annual grassland and developed and ruderal areas within the Project Area may provide marginal dispersal habitat for California red-legged frog and San Francisco garter snake.

The Project does not include any permanent habitat loss and is not expected to impact to unique, rare, or endangered species or their habitats. The AMMs provided in Section 5 are recommended to avoid potential impacts to unique, rare, or endangered species and their habitats.

4.2.5.2 RIPARIAN AREAS AND CORRIDORS

There were no riparian areas observed within the BSA.

4.2.5.3 BLUFFS, CLIFFS, AND SEA CLIFFS

Bluffs, cliffs, and sea cliffs are a steep face of rock, decomposed rock, sediment, or soil resulting from erosion, faulting, or folding of the land mass with a vertical relief of 10 feet or more, or a cliff whose toe is subject to marine erosion (City of Half Moon Bay 2009). The work area is located along the bluffs, cliffs, and sea cliffs; however, impacts to these areas are temporary and adverse impacts to these features are not expected to occur as a result of the Project.

4.2.5.4 WILD STRAWBERRY HABITAT

Wild strawberry habitat is defined as any undeveloped areas within 0.5 mile of the coast (City of Half Moon Bay 2009). California wild strawberry has been designated as a unique species by the City due to its vulnerability to crossbreeding as a result of the state’s strawberry industry. This plant naturally occurs along the coast in sandy soils on coastal bluffs, cliffs, and road cuts (City of Half Moon Bay 1993).

Wild strawberry habitat per the definition of the City Code is present at the northwest side of the BSA in northern coastal bluff scrub habitat. The Project will not result in the conversion of any existing land use or permanent impact to habitat. Wild strawberry habitat is not present within the Project Area and impacts to this habitat are not anticipated to occur as a result of Project activities. The AMMs provided in Section 5 are recommended to further avoid potential impacts to this habitat.

14 Ritz-Carlton Bluff Protection Project Biological Resource Survey Report

4.2.5.5 WETLANDS

No wetland features were observed within the BSA.

4.2.5.6 ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESOURCE AREAS

Areas containing potential archeological resources in the vicinity of Half Moon Bay include: 1) the coastal strip where exploitable resources occurred; 2) all major creek shores, such as Pilarcitos, Arroyo Leon, and Frenchman’s creeks; 3) all minor inland water courses, including historic or prehistoric springs, streams, or marshes; 4) the foothill strip above the over 200-foot elevation; 5) areas of prehistoric site evidence and pertinent historic places such as cemeteries, houses, and buildings; and 6) isolated hills and knolls (City of Half Moon Bay 2009).

Due to the close proximity of the coastal strip and perennial and intermittent streams, the BSA is located in an archaeological resource area. The Project will not result in any subsurface disturbance. It is anticipated that the Project will not impact potential archeological resources.

5 AVOIDANCE AND MINIMIZATION MEASURES The goal of this BRSR is to identify sensitive biological resources in the BSA and to provide AMMs that will prevent the Project from resulting in substantial adverse effects on special-status species, riparian habitats or other sensitive communities, federally protected wetlands, or wildlife movement corridors. The following 10 AMMs are designed to avoid Project impacts to special-status species or sensitive habitats. 1. Prior to the start of the Project, all construction crewmembers will attend an environmental awareness training presented by a qualified biologist. The training will include descriptions and life histories of special-status species with potential to occur in the Project Area as well as review of Project avoidance and avoidance and minimization measures, key contacts, and potential consequences of impacts to special-status species. 2. Disturbance to vegetation should be kept to the minimum necessary to complete the Project activities, provided there is no feasible alternative. To minimize impacts to vegetation, a qualified biologist shall work with the contractor to designate the work area and any staging areas, as well as delineate areas that should be avoided with exclusionary fencing (i.e., high-visibility orange construction fencing). 3. If any wildlife is encountered during Project activities, said wildlife should be allowed to leave the work area unharmed. Animals will be allowed to leave the work area of their own accord and without harassment. Animals should not be picked up or moved in any way. 4. Any and all spoils (i.e., dirt, debris, construction-related materials) generated during Project activities shall be placed in dumpsters and removed from the site. Concrete material will be removed from the beach at the time of processing and disposed of appropriately. Spoils shall be removed from the work area and disposed of at an appropriate facility. 5. All exposed soils in the work area shall be stabilized immediately following the completion of work to prevent erosion. Erosion and sediment control Best Management Practices, such as silt fences and straw wattles, can be used. Straw wattles, if used, shall be made of biodegradable fabric (e.g., burlap) and free of monofilament netting. 6. Following a significant rain event, a qualified biologist shall conduct a preconstruction survey for California red-legged frog prior to the restart of any Project activities.

15 Ritz-Carlton Bluff Protection Project Biological Resource Survey Report

7. During Project activities, all trash that may attract predators should be properly contained, removed, and disposed of regularly. Following construction, trash/construction debris should be removed from work areas. 8. The access route, staging areas, and total area of the activity should be limited to the minimum necessary to complete the Project. 9. All fueling and maintenance of vehicles and other equipment and staging areas should occur outside of the Project Area. The contractor should ensure that contamination of habitat does not occur during such operations. Prior to the onset of work, the contractor should ensure that there is a plan to allow a prompt and effective response to any accidental spills. All workers should be informed of the importance of preventing spills, and of the appropriate measures to take should a spill occur. 10. If Project activities are conducted during nesting bird season (February 1 through August 31), preconstruction nest surveys should be conducted in and near the Project (within 250 feet for large raptors and 50 feet for all other birds) by a qualified biologist. If nesting is identified during the pre-construction survey, then the Project should be modified and/or delayed as necessary to avoid direct take of the identified nests, eggs, and/or young.

16 Ritz-Carlton Bluff Protection Project Biological Resource Survey Report

6 REFERENCES Baldwin, B., D. Goldman, D. Keil, R. Patterson, T. Rosatti (editors). 2012. The Jepson Manual: Vascular Plants of California. Second edition. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.

Calflora. 2017. Information on California plants for education, research and conservation (Calflora). Berkeley, CA. Available at: http://www.calflora.org/topMission.html. Accessed November 7, 2017

California Native Plant Society (CNPS). 2017. Inventory of Rare and Endangered Plants (online edition, v8-01a). California Native Plant Society. Available at: http://cnps.site.aplus.net/cgi- bin/inv/inventory.cgi. Accessed November 7, 2017.

California Natural Diversity Data Base (CNDDB). 2017. Rarefind data for the Half Moon Bay, Montara Mountain, Woodside, San Gregorio 7.5-minute U.S. Geological Survey topographic quadrangles. November 2, 2017

City of Half Moon Bay. 1993. Local Coastal Program Land Use Plan, Chapter 3: Environmentally Sensitive Habitat Areas. Amended 1993.

———. 2009. Half Moon Bay Municipal Code, Title 18: Zoning.

Holland, Robert F. 1986. Preliminary Descriptions of the Terrestrial Natural Communities of California. Sacramento, CA: California Department of Fish and Game.

Jennings, M.R., and M.P. Hayes. 1994. Amphibian and Reptile Species of Concern in California. Sacramento, CA: California Department of Fish and Game.

U.S. Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS). 2017. Soil Survey GIS Data. Available at: http://websoilsurvey.nrcs.usda.gov/app/HomePage.htm. Accessed November 2, 2017.

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2002. Recovery Plan for the California Red-legged Frog (Rana aurora draytonii). Portland, OR: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.

———. 2006. San Francisco Garter Snake (Thamnophis sirtalis tetrataenia) 5-year Review: Summary and Evaluation. Sacramento, CA: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Sacramento Field Office.

———. 2007. Endangered Species Accounts: San Francisco Garter Snake (Thamnophis sirtalis tetrataenia).

———. 2017a. Critical Habitat Portal. Available at: http://criticalhabitat.fws.gov/. Accessed November 2, 2017.

———. 2017b. Information for Planning and Conservation (IPaC). Available at: http://ecos.fws.gov/ipac/. Accessed November 7, 2017

———. 2017c. National Wetlands Inventory. Available at: http://www.fws.gov/wetlands/. Accessed November 2, 2017.

U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). 2017. National Hydrography Dataset GIS Data. Available at: http://nhd.usgs.gov/. Accessed November 2, 2017.

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18

APPENDIX A

Photo Documentation

Ritz-Carlton Bluff Protection Project Biological Resource Survey Report

Photograph A-1. View facing southwest showing the entry to the Project access route.

Photograph A-2. View west showing the access route along the cart path.

A-1 Ritz-Carlton Bluff Protection Project Biological Resource Survey Report

Photograph A-3. View northwest at the transition from Ruderal/ Disturbed area to northern coastal scrub habitat, north of the Project Area.

Photograph A-4. View facing northwest of the crane staging area.

A-2 Ritz-Carlton Bluff Protection Project Biological Resource Survey Report

Photograph A-5. View facing southeast of the structure to be removed from the beach.

Photograph A-6. View facing southwest of the beach work area above the mean high tide line.

A-3 Ritz-Carlton Bluff Protection Project Biological Resource Survey Report

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A-4

APPENDIX B

CNDDB and CNPS Record List and Consideration for Potential Occurrence in the Biological Study Area

Ritz-Carlton Bluff Protection Project Biological Resource Survey Report

Table B-1. Special-Status Species Considered for Potential Occurrence in the Biological Study Area

Legal Status Federal/ Species Name General Habitat Description Potential for Occurrence State/CNPS Status

Natural Communities Northern Coastal Salt Marsh Marsh habitat supporting herbaceous, suffrutescent, salt -- None: Does not occur in the BSA. tolerant hydrophytes often active in summer and dormant in winter. Characteristic species include Jaumea carnosa, Limonium californicum, and Frankenia salina. Developed around Humboldt Bay, Tomales Bay, San Francisco Bay, Elkhorn Slough, and Morro Bay. Northern Maritime Chaparral Fairly open chaparral; dominated by several narrowly -- None: Does not occur in the BSA. restricted Manzanita or Ceanothus species. Valley Needlegrass Grassland Mid-height (to 2 feet) grassland dominated by perennial, -- None: Does not occur in the BSA. tussock-forming Nassella pulchra. Native and introduced annuals occur between the perennials, often actually exceeding the bunchgrasses in cover. Plants Anderson's manzanita Perennial evergreen shrub; occurs in broadleaf upland --/--/1B.2 None: There is no suitable habitat for this species in the (Arctostaphylos andersonii) forest, chaparral, and north coast coniferous forests. BSA. Species not observed during the field survey. No Elevation: 60–760 meters. Flower season: November–May. CNDDB occurrences have been recorded within 5 miles of the BSA. arcuate bush-mallow Perennial evergreen shrub; occurs in chaparral and --/--/1B.2 None: There is no suitable habitat for this species in the (Malacothamnus arcuatus) cismontane woodland. Elevation: 15–355 meters. Flower BSA. Species not observed during the field survey. No Season: April–September. CNDDB occurrences have been recorded within 5 miles of the BSA. bent-flowered fiddleneck Annual herb; occurs in coastal bluff scrub, cismontane --/--/1B.2 Low: Species not observed during the field survey; (Amsinckia lunaris) woodland, and valley and foothill grassland. Elevation: 3– however, field surveys were not conducted during the 500 meters. Flower season: March–June. appropriate blooming period for this species. No CNDDB occurrences recorded within 5 miles of the Project. No suitable habitat is present within the Project Area; however, northern coastal scrub habitat present within the BSA does provide suitable habitat for this species.

B-1 Ritz-Carlton Bluff Protection Project Biological Resource Survey Report

Legal Status Federal/ Species Name General Habitat Description Potential for Occurrence State/CNPS Status

Blasdale's bent grass Perennial rhizomatous herb; occurs in coastal bluff scrub, --/--/1B.2 Low: Species not observed during the field survey; (Agrostis blasdalei) coastal dunes and coastal prairie. Elevation: 5–150 meters. however, field surveys were not conducted during the Flower season: May–July. appropriate blooming period for this species. The nearest CNDDB occurrence was recorded approximately 4.5 miles northwest of the BSA. No suitable habitat is present within the Project Area; however, northern coastal scrub habitat present within the BSA does provide suitable habitat for this species. chaparral ragwort Annual herb; occurs in coastal scrub, chaparral, and --/--/2B.2 None: Species not observed during the field survey. No (Senecio aphanactis) cismontane woodland 15–800 meters. Flower season: CNDDB occurrences were recorded within 5 miles of the January–April (May). BSA. Choris' popcornflower Annual herb; occurs in grassy, moist places, ephemeral --/--/1B.2 Moderate: Species not observed during the field survey; (Plagiobothrys chorisianus var. drainages, coastal scrub, and chaparral. Elevation: 0–650 however, field surveys were not conducted during the chorisianus) meters. Flower season: March–June appropriate blooming period for this species. Five CNDDB occurrences have been recorded within 5 miles of the BSA. No suitable habitat is present within the Project Area; however, northern coastal scrub habitat present within the BSA does provide suitable habitat for this species. coast lily Perennial bulbiferous herb; occurs in broadleaf upland --/--/1B.1 None: There is no suitable habitat for this species in the (Lilium maritimum) forest, north coast and closed-cone coniferous forest, BSA. Species not observed during the field survey. No coastal prairie, coastal scrub, marshes, and swamps. CNDDB occurrences have been recorded within 5 miles of Flower season May–August. the BSA. coast yellow leptosiphon Annual herb; occurs in coastal bluff scrub and coastal --/SC/1B.1 None: There is no suitable habitat for this species in the (Leptosiphon croceus) prairie. Elevation: 10–150 meters. Flower Season: April– BSA. Species not observed during the field survey. No May. CNDDB occurrences have been recorded within 5 miles of the BSA. coastal marsh milk-vetch Perennial herb; occurs in coastal marshes, seeps, and --/--/1B.2 None: There is no suitable habitat for this species in the (Astragalus pycnostachyus var. adjacent sand along the northern and central California BSA. Species not observed during the field survey. No pycnostachyus) coast. Elevation: 0–150 meters. Flower season: April– CNDDB occurrences have been recorded within 5 miles of October. the BSA. coastal triquetrella Moss; grows on soil in coastal bluff scrub or coastal scrub. --/--/1B.2 None: There is no suitable habitat for this species in the (Triquetrella californica) Elevation: 10–100 meters. BSA. Species not observed during the field survey. No CNDDB occurrences have been recorded within 5 miles of the BSA. Crystal Springs fountain thistle Perennial herb; occurs in chaparral, cismontane woodland, FE/SE/1B.1 None: There is no suitable habitat for this species in the (Cirsium fontinale var. meadows, seeps, and grasslands of the foothills and BSA. Species not observed during the field survey. No fontinale) valleys. Elevation: 45–175 meters. Flower season: (April) CNDDB occurrences have been recorded within 5 miles of May–October. the BSA.

B-2 Ritz-Carlton Bluff Protection Project Biological Resource Survey Report

Legal Status Federal/ Species Name General Habitat Description Potential for Occurrence State/CNPS Status

Crystal Springs lessingia Annual herb; occurs in cismontane woodland, coastal --/--/1B.2 None: BSA is outside of the known elevation range for this (Lessingia arachnoidea) scrub, and valley and foothill grassland. Elevation: 60–200 species. Species not observed during the field survey. No meters. Flower Season: July–October. CNDDB occurrences have been recorded within 5 miles of the BSA. Davidson's bush-mallow Perennial deciduous herb; occurs in chaparral, cismontane --/--/1B.2 None: BSA is outside of the known elevation range for this (Malacothamnus davidsonii) woodland, coastal scrub, and riparian woodland. Usually species. Species not observed during the field survey. No occurs in non-wetlands, but occasionally found in wetlands. CNDDB occurrences have been recorded within 5 miles of Elevation: 185–855 meters. Flower Season: June–January. the BSA. Dudley's lousewort Perennial herb; blooms April–June. Found in maritime --/SR/1B.2 None: There is no suitable habitat for this species in the (Pedicularis dudleyi) chaparral, cismontane woodland, north coast coniferous BSA. Species not observed during the field survey. No forests, and valley and foothill grasslands. CNDDB occurrences have been recorded within 5 miles of the BSA. fragrant fritillary Bulbiferous herb; occurs in cismontane woodland, coastal --/--/1B.2 None: Species not observed during the field survey. No (Fritillaria liliacea) prairies, coastal scrub, and valley and foothill grassland; CNDDB occurrences have been recorded within 5 miles of equally likely to occur in wetlands or non-wetlands. the BSA. Occasionally associated with serpentine. Elevation: 3–410 meters. Flower Season: February–April. Franciscan onion Perennial bulbiferous herb; occurs on dry hillsides. --/--/1B.2 None: There is no suitable habitat for this species in the (Allium peninsulare var. Elevation: 1–60 meters. Flower Season: May–June. BSA. Species not observed during the field survey. No franciscanum) CNDDB occurrences have been recorded within 5 miles of the BSA. Franciscan thistle Perennial herb; occurs in broadleafed upland forest, coastal --/--/1B.2 Low: No suitable habitat is present within the Project Area; (Cirsium andrewsii) bluff scrub, coastal prairie, and coastal scrub. Elevation: 0– however, northern coastal scrub habitat within the BSA 150 meters Flower season: March–July. does provide suitable habitat for this species. Species not observed during the field survey; however, field surveys were not conducted during blooming period for this species. No CNDDB occurrences have been recorded within 5 miles of the BSA. Hall's bush-mallow Perennial evergreen shrub; occurs in chaparral and coastal --/--/1B.2 None: There is no suitable habitat for this species in the (Malacothamnus hallii) scrub. Elevation: 10–760 meters. Flower Season: May– BSA. Species not observed during the field survey. No September. CNDDB occurrences have been recorded within 5 miles of the BSA. Hickman's cinquefoil Perennial herb; occurs in coastal bluff scrub, closed-cone FE/SE/1B.1 None: Species not observed during the field survey, (Potentilla hickmanii) coniferous forest, meadows and seeps, and marshes and although the field surveys were not conducted during the swamps. Usually occurs in wetlands, and occasionally in blooming period for this species. No CNDDB occurrences non-wetlands. Elevation: 10–149 meters. Flower season: have been recorded within 5 miles of the BSA. No suitable April–August. habitat is present within the Project Area. Although northern coastal scrub habitat is present within the BSA, no wetlands or suitable wetland habitats were present within the BSA and therefore it is unlikely for this species to occur in the BSA.

B-3 Ritz-Carlton Bluff Protection Project Biological Resource Survey Report

Legal Status Federal/ Species Name General Habitat Description Potential for Occurrence State/CNPS Status

Hillsborough chocolate lily Perennial bulbiferous herb; occurs in occurs in cismontane --/--/1B.1 None: BSA is outside of the known elevation range for this (Fritillaria biflora var. ineziana) woodland and valley and foothill grassland (affinity to species. Species not observed during the field survey. No serpentine soil). Elevation: 150–150 meters. Flower CNDDB occurrences have been recorded within 5 miles of season: March–April. the BSA. Indian Valley bush-mallow Perennial deciduous shrub; occurs in chaparral and --/--/1B.2 None: There is no suitable habitat for this species in the (Malacothamnus aboriginum) cismontane woodland. Elevation: 150–1700 meters. Flower BSA and it is outside of the known elevation range for this season: April–October. species. Species not observed during the field survey. No CNDDB occurrences have been recorded within 5 miles of the BSA. Kellogg's horkelia Perennial herb; occurs in closed-cone coniferous forest, --/--/1B.1 Low: No suitable habitat is present within the Project Area; (Horkelia cuneata var. sericea) chaparral, coastal dunes, and coastal scrub. Elevation: 10– however, there is suitable habitat for this species in the 200 meters. Flower Season: April–September. BSA. Species not observed during the field survey. There is one CNDDB occurrence within 5 miles of the BSA. Kings Mountain manzanita Perennial evergreen shrub; occurs in broadleafed upland --/--/1B.2 None: There is no suitable habitat for this species in the (Arctostaphylos regismontana) forest, chaparral, and north coast coniferous forest. BSA and it is outside of the known elevation range for this Elevation: 305–730 meters. Flower season: January–April. species. Species not observed during the field survey. No CNDDB occurrences recorded within 5 miles of the BSA. Marin checker lily Perennial bulbiferous herb; occurs in coastal bluff scrub, --/--/1B.1 None: Species not observed during the field survey. No (Fritillaria lanceolata var. coastal prairie, and coastal scrub. Elevation: 15–150 CNDDB occurrences recorded within 5 miles of the BSA. tristulis) meters. Flower season: February–May. Marin western flax Annual herb; occurs primarily on serpentine soils and in FT/ST/1B.1 None: Species not observed during the field survey. No (Hesperolinon congestum) chaparral and other grasslands. Elevation: below 200 CNDDB occurrences recorded within 5 miles of the BSA. meters. Flower season: April–July. marsh microseris Perennial herb; endemic to California and found in coastal --/--/1B.2 None: There is no suitable habitat for this species in the (Microseris paludosa) scrub, foothill grassland, cismontane woodland, and closed- BSA. Species not observed during the field survey. No cone coniferous forest. Elevation: below 355 meters. Flower CNDDB occurrences recorded within 5 miles of the BSA. season: April–July. minute pocket moss Moss; native to California and grows in damp coastal soil of --/--/1B.2 None: There is no suitable habitat for this species in the (Fissidens pauperculus) the north coast coniferous forest. Elevation: 10–1024 BSA. Species not observed during the field survey. No meters. CNDDB occurrences recorded within 5 miles of the BSA. Montara manzanita Perennial evergreen shrub; occurs in chaparral and coastal --/--/1B.2 None: There is no suitable habitat for this species in the (Arctostaphylos montaraensis) scrub. Elevation:150–500 meters. Flower season: January– BSA and it is outside of the known elevation range for this March. species. Species not observed during the field survey. No CNDDB occurrences recorded within 5 miles of the BSA. Oregon polemonium Perennial herb; occurs in coastal prairie, coastal scrub, and --/--/2B.2 None: Species not observed during the field survey. No (Polemonium carneum) lower montane coniferous forest. Elevation: 0–1830 meters. CNDDB occurrences recorded within 5 miles of the BSA. Flower Season: April–September.

B-4 Ritz-Carlton Bluff Protection Project Biological Resource Survey Report

Legal Status Federal/ Species Name General Habitat Description Potential for Occurrence State/CNPS Status

Ornduff's meadowfoam Annual herb; recorded only in one field on the San Mateo --/--1B.1 None: Species not observed during the field survey (Limnanthes douglasii ssp. County coast. It is the only known site where the four-part conducted during the appropriate bloom period. No CNDDB ornduffii) meadowfoam naturally appears. Flower season: occurrences recorded within 5 miles of the BSA. November–May. pappose tarplant Annual herb; occurs in valley and foothill grassland, --/--/1B.2 None: Species not observed during the field survey (Centromadia parryi ssp. marshes and swamps, meadows and seeps, coastal prairie, conducted during the appropriate bloom period. No CNDDB parryi) and chaparral. Elevation: 2–420 meters. Flower Season: occurrences recorded within 5 miles of the BSA. May–November. perennial goldfields Perennial herb; occurs in coastal bluff scrub, coastal dunes, --/--/1B.2 Low: Although no suitable habitat for this species is present (Lasthenia californica ssp. and coastal scrub. Elevation: 5–500 meters. Flower season: within the Project Area, northern coastal scrub habitat macrantha) January–November. provides suitable habitat for this species in the BSA. Species not observed during the field survey conducted during the appropriate bloom period. One CNDDB occurrence has been recorded within 5 miles of the BSA. Point Reyes bird's-beak Annual herb; occurs in coastal salt swamps and marshes. --/--/1B.2 None: There is no suitable habitat for this species in the (Chloropyron maritimum ssp. Elevation: 0–10 meters. Flower season June–October. BSA. Species not observed during the field survey. No palustre) CNDDB occurrences recorded within 5 miles of the BSA. Point Reyes horkelia Perennial herb; occurs in coastal dunes, coastal prairie, and --/--/1B.2 None: There is suitable habitat for this species in the BSA. (Horkelia marinensis) coastal scrub. Elevation: 5–350 meters. Flower Season: Species not observed during the field survey. No CNDDB May–September. occurrences recorded within 5 miles of the BSA. rose leptosiphon Annual herb; occurs in coastal bluff scrub. Elevation: 0–100 --/--/1B.1 None: There is no suitable habitat for this species in the (Leptosiphon rosaceus) meters. Flower Season: April–July. BSA. Species not observed during the field survey. No CNDDB occurrences recorded within 5 miles of the BSA. round-leaved filaree Annual herb; occurs in cismontane woodlands, valley --/--/1B.2 None: There is no suitable habitat for this species in the (California macrophylla) grassland, and foothill grasslands. Elevation: 15–1200 BSA. Species not observed during the field survey. No meters. Flower season: March–May. CNDDB occurrences recorded within 5 miles of the BSA. saline clover Annual herb; occurs in marshes, swamps, vernal pools, and --/--/1B.2 None: There is no suitable habitat for this species in the (trifolium hydrophilum) valley and foothill grasslands. Elevation: 0–300 meters. BSA. Species not observed during the field survey. No Flower season: April–June. CNDDB occurrences recorded within 5 miles of the BSA. San Francisco Bay spineflower Annual herb; occurs on sandy soils coastal bluff scrub, --/--/1B.2 None: There is no suitable habitat for this species in the (Chorizanthe cuspidata var. dunes, prairie, and scrub. Elevation: 3–215 meters. Flower BSA. Species not observed during the field survey. No cuspidata) Season: April–July. CNDDB occurrences recorded within 5 miles of the BSA. San Francisco campion Perennial herb; occurs on sandy soils in coastal bluff scrub, --/--/1B.2 None: There is no suitable habitat for this species in the (Silene verecunda ssp. chaparral, coastal prairie, coastal scrub, and valley and BSA. Species not observed during the field survey. No verecunda) foothill grassland. Elevation: 30–645 meters. Flower CNDDB occurrences recorded within 5 miles of the BSA. Season: March–June.

B-5 Ritz-Carlton Bluff Protection Project Biological Resource Survey Report

Legal Status Federal/ Species Name General Habitat Description Potential for Occurrence State/CNPS Status

San Francisco collinsia Annual herb; occurs in closed-cone coniferous forest and --/--/1B.2 None: There is no suitable habitat for this species in the (Collinsia multicolor) coastal scrub (affinity to serpentine soil). Elevation: 30–250 BSA. Species not observed during the field survey. No meters. Flower season: March–May. CNDDB occurrences recorded within 5 miles of the BSA. San Francisco owl's-clover Annual herb; occurs in coastal prairie, coastal scrub, and --/--/1B.2 None: Species not observed during the field survey. No (Triphysaria floribunda) valley and foothill grassland (affinity to serpentine soil). CNDDB occurrences recorded within 5 miles of the BSA. Elevation: 10–160 meters. Flower season: April–June. San Mateo woolly sunflower Perennial herb; occurs in cismontane woodland. Elevation: FE/SE/1B.1 None: There is no suitable habitat for this species in the (Eriophyllum latilobum) 45–150 meters. Flower Season: May–June. BSA. Species not observed during the field survey. No CNDDB occurrences recorded within 5 miles of the BSA. short-leaved evax Annual herb; occurs in coastal bluff scrub (sandy) and --/--/1B.2 None: No CNDDB occurrences were recorded within 5 (Hesperevax sparsiflora var. coastal dunes. Elevation: 0–215 meters. Flower Season: miles of the BSA. Although coastal bluff scrub habitat brevifolia) March–June. located within the BSA, this species prefers sandy soils and therefore it is unlikely for this species to occur within the BSA. Species not observed during the field survey conducted outside of the blooming period. western leatherwood Perennial deciduous shrub; occurs in broadleafed upland --/--/1B.2 None: Suitable habitat is not present within the BSA. (Dirca occidentalis) forest, closed-cone coniferous forest, chaparral, cismontane Species not observed during the field survey. No CNDDB woodland, north coast coniferous forest, riparian forest, and occurrences recorded within 5 miles of the BSA. riparian woodland. Generally north or northeast facing slopes, mixed-evergreen forest to chaparral, generally in fog belt. Elevation: 50–395 meters. Flower Season: January–April. white-rayed pentachaeta Annual herb; occurs in cismontane woodland and valley FE/SE/1B.1 None: BSA is outside of the known elevation range for this (Pentachaeta bellidiflora) and foothill grassland. Elevation: 35–620 meters. Flower species. Species not observed during the field survey. No Season: March–May. CNDDB occurrences recorded within 5 miles of the BSA. woodland woolythreads Annual herb; occurs in broadleafed upland forest, --/--/1B.2 None: Although one CNDDB occurrence has been recorded (Monolopia gracilens) chaparral, cismontane woodland, north coast coniferous within 5 miles of the project, the BSA occurs outside of the forest, and valley and foothill grassland. Elevation: 100– known elevation range for this species. Species not 1200 meters. Flower Season: March–July. observed during the field survey. Amphibians California giant salamander Occurs in coastal Douglas fir and redwood forests near --/--/CSC None: No suitable habitat in the BSA. (Dicamptodon ensatus) streams and seepages from sea level to 2,000 meters. Endemic to California. Adults can be found foraging in terrestrial habitats for snails, slugs, invertebrates, small mice and other amphibians. Aquatic adults and larvae eat aquatic invertebrates, fish, and other amphibians. Breeds from March through May. Eggs are laid under coarse woody debris in slow-flowing stream bottoms.

B-6 Ritz-Carlton Bluff Protection Project Biological Resource Survey Report

Legal Status Federal/ Species Name General Habitat Description Potential for Occurrence State/CNPS Status

California red-legged frog Inhabit permanent and temporary pools, streams, FT/--/CSC Moderate: Suitable dispersal or estivation habitat for this (Rana draytonii) freshwater seeps, and marshes in lowlands and foothills species occurs in the vicinity of the Project Area. There is occurring from sea level to 2,000 meters. Use adjacent slow-moving drainage flow off the golf course near the upland habitat for foraging and refuge. Breed during the wet Project Area that would not be suitable breeding habitat. season from December through March. Lay between 300 and 4,000 eggs in a large cluster that are attached to plants near the water surface. Eggs hatch after about 4 weeks and undergo metamorphosis in 4 to 7 months. Reptiles San Francisco garter snake Uses a wide range of habitats; prefers grassland or wetland FE/SE/FP Low: Potential dispersal habitat for this species occurs in (Thamnophis sirtalis near ponds, marshes, and sloughs; may overwinter in the vicinity of the Project. CNDDB closest occurrence tetrataenia) upland areas away from water. approximately 2.5 north of the BSA at the mouth of Pilarcitos Creek. Birds California least tern Breeds in bays of the Pacific Ocean, feeds in shallow FE/--/FP None: There is no suitable nesting or foraging habitat for (Sternula antillarum browni) estuaries and lagoons, and commonly roosts on open the species in the BSA. ground. marbled murrelet Pacific seabird; winters and forages at sea and breeds in FT/SE/MBTA None: There is limited suitable foraging habitat for the (Brachyramphus marmoratus) coniferous forests near coasts. Nest on large horizontal species in the BSA (open water), but there is no suitable branches high up in trees generally greater than 200 years nesting or foraging habitat for the species in the Project old. Area. salt marsh common Frequents low, dense vegetation near water. Nest usually --/--/CSC None:* CNDDB records indicate this species occurring at yellowthroat placed on or within 8 centimeters (3 inches) of ground. May the lower reaches of Frenchman’s Creek and Pilarcitos (Geothlypis trichas sinuosa) be over water, in emergent aquatic vegetation, dense Creek in 1990. *Foraging individuals have potential to occur, shrubs, or other dense growth but potential nesting habitat does not occur within the BSA. short-tailed albatross Feeds primarily on squid. Prefers to nest on large open FE/--/-MBTA None: There is no suitable nesting or foraging habitat for (Phoebastria albatrus areas near large stands of grasses. Has an extensive range the species in the BSA. that spans from Taiwan to California. western snowy plover Small shorebird; approximately 6 inches long. Forage for FT/--/MBTA None: There is marginal suitable foraging habitat for the (Charadius alexandrines small invertebrates on wet or dry beaches. Breeds primarily species in the BSA (intertidal beach and rock area that is nivosus) on coastal beaches from southern Washington to Baja subject to high levels of human-related disturbance), but California, Mexico. there is no suitable nesting habitat for the species in the BSA or Project Area. Mammals southern sea otter One of smallest marine mammals that forages in the FE/--/-- None: There is no suitable habitat for this species in the (Enhydra lutris) intertidal area and eats primarily marine invertebrates. BSA. This species would occur in the open water areas of the BSA, which will not be impacted.

B-7 Ritz-Carlton Bluff Protection Project Biological Resource Survey Report

Legal Status Federal/ Species Name General Habitat Description Potential for Occurrence State/CNPS Status

Fish delta smelt Rivers, channels, and sloughs of the delta, prefers open FT/--/-- None: There is no suitable habitat for this species in the (hypomesus transpacificus) bay and brackish water as rearing habitat. BSA. steelhead – Central California Clear, cool water with abundant in-stream cover, well- FT/--/-- None: There is no suitable habitat for this species in the Coast Distinct Population vegetated stream margins, relatively stable water flow, and BSA. Segment a 1:1 pool-to-riffle ratio. (Oncorhynchus mykiss irideus) tidewater goby Inhabits lagoons formed by streams running into the sea. FE/--/-- None: There is no suitable habitat for this species in the (Eucyclogobius newberryi) Water requirement is brackish, slow moving, and cool. BSA. Invertebrates San Bruno elfin butterfly Inhabits rocky outcroppings, cliffs, and coastal scrub within FE/--/-- None: There is no suitable habitat for this species in the (Callophrys mossii bayensis) the San Francisco peninsula area. BSA and the BSA is outside the known range of the species. western bumble bee Inhabits rocky outcroppings, cliffs, and coastal scrub within --/--/-- None: There is no suitable habitat for this species in the (Bombus occidentalis) the San Francisco peninsula area. BSA

Sources: Baldwin et al. (2012), CNDDB (2013), USFWS (2013). Status Codes: -- = No status Federal: California Native Plant Society (CNPS): FE = Federal Endangered List 1B = Rare, threatened, or endangered in California and elsewhere FT = Federal Threatened List 2 = Rare, threatened, or endangered in California, but more common elsewhere MBTA = Protected by Migratory Bird Treaty Act List 3 = Plants about which more information is needed List 4 = Watch list of plants of limited distribution State: SE = State Endangered CNPS Threat Code: ST = State Threatened .1 = Seriously endangered in California (more than 80% of occurrences threatened/ high degree and SR = State Rare immediacy of threat) CSC = California Special Concern Species .2 = Fairly endangered in California (20–80% occurrences threatened) FP = Fully Protected .3 = Not very endangered I California (<20% of occurrences threatened or no current threats known) Potential for Occurrence Ratings: None = No potential for the species or habitat to occur due to lack of suitable habitat in the BSA. Low = Species has been mapped within 5 miles of the BSA, but record is old/unreliable, the appropriate habitat is not present, or the record is far from the Project Area. Moderate = Records have been mapped near the Project Area and/or suitable habitat is present, but records are old or far from the Project Area. High = Species has high likelihood of presence in the BSA, has been mapped in close proximity to the Project Area, and suitable habitat is present.

B-8

APPENDIX C

Species Observed During the Field Survey

Ritz-Carlton Bluff Protection Project Biological Resource Survey Report

Table C-1. Species Observed During the Field Survey

Species Scientific Name Common Name Native Status/Notes

PLANT SPECIES* Angiosperms (Eudicots) Aizoaceae Fig-Marigold Family Carpobrotus edulis ice plant No – Asteraceae Sunflower Family Artemisia pycnocephala David’s choice sagebrush Yes – Baccharis pilularis coyote brush Yes – Cardus pycnocephalus Italian star thistle No – Eriophyllum staechadifolium lizard tail Yes – Grindelia stricta gumweed Yes – Helminthotheca echioides bristly ox tongue No – Convolvulaceae Morning Glory Family Calystegia unknown morning glory Unknown –

Fabacea Legume Family Lupinus arboreus yellow bush lupine Yes – Plantaginacea Plantain Family Plantago erecta dwarf plantain Yes – Polygonaceae Buckwheat Family Eriogonum latifolium buckwheat Yes – Rumex acetosella sheep sorrel No – Primulaceae Primrose Family Anagallis arvensis scarlet pimpernel No _ Rosaceae Nettle Family Fragaria vesca wild strawberry Yes – Scrophulariaceae Figwort Family Scrophularia californica bee plant Yes – Solanaceae Night Shade Family Solanum americanum lack night shade Yes – Angiosperms (monocots) – Esquisetaceae True Fern Family Equisetum arvense horse tail Yes Juncaceae Juncus Family Juncus effusus rush Yes – Poaceae Grass Family Deschampsia cespitosa tufted hair grass Yes Festuca californica California Festuca Yes

C-1 Ritz-Carlton Bluff Protection Project Biological Resource Survey Report

Species Scientific Name Common Name Native Status/Notes

WILDLIFE SPECIES Avian Corvus brachyrhynchos American crow Yes – Buteo jamaicensis red-tail hawk Yes – Egretta thula snowy egret Yes _ Geothlypis trichas sinuosa salt marsh common yellow throat Yes SSC** Larus unknown gull unknown – Pelecanus occidentalis brown pelican Yes – Phalacrocorax penicillatus Brandt’s cormorant Yes – Sayornis nigricans black phoebe Yes – Sayornis saya Say’s phoebe Yes – Setophaga coronata yellow-rumped warbler Yes – Marine Mammal Phoca vitulina harbor seal Yes – Amphibians Pseudacris regilla chorus frog Yes – * Data from Baldwin et al. (2012). ** CDFW Species of Special Concern

C-2 Ritz-Carlton Bluff Protection Project Biological Resource Survey Report

APPENDIX D

CNDDB and Critical Habitat Map

Ritz-Carlton Bluff Protection Project Biological Resource Survey Report

Ritz-Carlton Bluff Protection Project Biological Resource Survey Report

D-1 Ritz-Carlton Bluff Protection Project Biological Resource Survey Report

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