DOCSLIB.ORG

Race Relations Rasseverhoudings

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Race Relations Rasseverhoudings T111L F.OUTH AFRICAN DIE RUID-AFRIKAANSI- m 1'1'FST , r.F RACE RELATIONS INSTITUUTvmRASSEVERIlO' srrt'rs dien RACE RELATIONS SOUTH AFRICA SUJD-AFRIKA Official Quarterly Journal of the South African Institute of Race Relations h dcur Vol.V, No. 4 PRICEi ONE SHILLING —FREE TO MEMBERS November 1938 I. — Investigations on all problems arising out of I. — Navorsingsin verband met rasseverhoudings- race contacts in-Southern Africa. vraagstukke. II. — Publications piving the results of scientific II. — Publikasies. waarin resultate van wctenskap- investigations, accounts of conferences and like navorsing, konferensic-vcrslae n spce , - special articles. siale artikels gedruk word. CONTENT INHOUS— D III. — Information Bureau & Reference Library III. — Inligtingsbureau en NaslaanbibHoteeh — Introduction 70 fre— e servic r researcefo h workers, students. kostelose dien r navorserssvi , studcntc.spre- The Historica1 7 l Settin Greae . .. th f gt. o .. Trek . .. LtoFoucht . .. .. speakers and writers, social workers, etc. ker n skrywerse s , maatskaplikcwcrkcrs. en , Prnfntor of History in the University of the \Vitv*tennnd. IV Secretaria.— severar fo l l scientific societied san IV Sekretarlaa.— r verskillcmlvi t c wctcnsknplike The Voortrekker Nativese th 2 7 d . A.I.san J . .. A . gar-Hamilton.. .. .. welfare bodies. liggam vcrsorginpsligijamcn e . lecture Ibtore I Univenit th n i rn yi f Pretoriayo ; i authoNatnnTh f ro Policyt oth f V. — Organisatio Joinf no t Councils amone gth V. — OrganUasie van Gesamentlifce Rade, vir Voortrekkm- various racial groups in South Africa : Eu- e verskillenddi c rasscproep n Suid-Afriki e a The Trek and its Legacy. A. H. Murray ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 76 ropean-Africa ; nEuropean-Coloure - Eu d; -r-blankes en naturellc; blankes en kleurlinge, Profeuo f Ethicro Politicd Univenite *an th n *i f Capyo e Town. ropean-Indian. blankes en IndiCrs. Tree Th k Traditio Moderd nan n Problems . Kepftl-JonesM . A . 79 VI. — Social Welfare activitie plannin— s g and VI. — Bedrywighede op pehicd van Maatskapltke Lecturer in History in the Univenity of the Witwateranod. initiatio f schemeso n d co-ordinatioan , f no Welvaat vcral— l inlexveroepin n nuwvn p e agencies. ondernemings e bevordcrindi n e , n dlrva g VII. — Conferences — regional and national — on samewerkin welvaartsorganisasien gva s problems of race relations. VII. — Konferensies — gewestelik en nasionaal — oor VIT1. — Lecture racn so e problem allied an s d topic*, rasseverhoudings-probleme. VOORTREKKER CENTENARY NUMBER and assistance to study groups. VIII. — Lcsing r rassoo se —n aanverwanle e vraag- stukk hul n atudiegroepee n t paa . VOORTREKKER EEUFEES UITGAWE THE INSTITUTE NEEDS- DIE INSTITUUT HET NOD1G— 1Jaartikse• Toelaes Oftenbarevan Liggame— 1. Annual Grants from Public Bodies— £10 of meer mask 'n liggam geregtig op twee r moro 0 e £1 entitle e grantinth s g bodo t y verteenwoordigers op die Raad (Aantal liggame o representativetw Councie th n so l (present e oomblidi wap o t k toclae* sken k33): . e GreaTh t Treitd s an kCentenar y Celebratio Lighe th f Grou o n ti n p 1 8 . .. .. .. .. Psychology . .. .. .. I.D. .. MaeCrune . .. .. granting bodie 33): s . 2. Donasies van Firmat en Individue— Prolcsso f ['itehnlnifo r e Unlvenii(h e Wilwatennnn i th y t a y d; autho f Rateo r 2. Donations from Firms and Individuals— 0 perjaar(of'nenkelPerson£1 t ewa e donasie Altitude* in Suaih Afriea. r £10(o . 0a . giftp Donor0 ) £1 vot r f o fo se van £100) skenk, mag stem vir vyf verteen- Future Race 4 Relalion8 . .. Soutn i i . .. h Africa. .. MK a. f.. ?, t. hews . .. five representatives on the Council (present woordigers op die Raad. (Aantal skcnkers op Lecture Socian ri l Anthropology •niSoute th l Nativn hi Africaw Ij e n Native College, Donors : 35). die oomblik : 35). t-'ort I (UK. 3. Annual Subscriptions from Firms Individualsor — 3. Jaarlikse Subskripiies n Firmasva n Individue—e Race Relations of the Future in the Light of the Past. Edgar II. Brocket ... 86 Principal of Ad*ms ColkRC ; Senator representing the Nttive* of Natal ; author of Subscribers of £1, or over, vote for six repre- Intekenaars wat £1 of mrer beiaal, mag vir srp TV flistorv of Native Policy in South Africa iod Colour Pnblemt of South Africa. sentatives on the Counci|(presenl Subscribers verteenwoordigers op die Raad stem (Aantal Race Relation FuturPast e e Lighe th th th f f .s o o n t Rev.}.ei 3 8 Reyneke . .. nearly 700). intekenaara op die oomblik : oor die 700). Stcrctar e Nativth f o ye Albin Committe ee Federa<th H l Councie Dutcl(h f o tl UcfoimeJ Cliurche* of South Africa. InstitutA . 5 f Raco e e Relations, S. A. Instituut vir Rassehoudings, P. 0; Box 97, Posbus 97, JOHANNESBURG JOHANNESBURG RASSEVERHOUDINGS Qjfitiele Kvartaalbtad van die Suid-Afrikaanse tnstituut vir Ratsevcrhoudings 4 . DeeNo , V l SJIELINI'HYN EE S: GRATIG— LED N SEAA November 1933 INTRODUCTION HISTORICAE TH L SETTIN GREAE TH F TGO TREK LEO Foucini The Voortrckkcr Centenary celebrations which will culminate, on December 16th, in the laying of the Afte e laps centurya th rf eo Tree th , k appearo st distinction of race and religion ; so that it was Foundation Stone of the Voortrckker Monument, are for all South Africans the occasion for re-living in imagination u«, throug avenue yearse hth th f eo , lik greaea t moving intolerable for any decent Christian to bow down the mingled romance and traced}' of the-Great Trek, and for thinking out afresh the significance of VoortrekVer drama, in which all the races in our country were beneath suc ha yok e; wherefor rathee w e r with- History Voorlrckked an , r Traditio r presennfo Souty da t h Africa which population i , problemsd nan s becomha , e involved. British and Dutch, Bantu, Bushmen and drew, tn order thus to preserve our doctrines in differeno s t fro Soute mth h Afric hundrea f o a d years ago. Griquas—even the Portuguese—all had their part to purity". e SoutTh h African Institut f Raceo e Relations, havin membershiga p drawn fro l racesm al dealind an , g with play o regar race T . affai e e Treon th f donlth o s rk a y Thus, in a spirit of distrust and despair, they gird n proble f nationamo l importance, wishe joio l s n wit l otheal h r organization doinn i s g honou e memorth o t r f yo is mere perversity. p theiu r loin d trekan s . They abandon their Native the Voortrekkers. The story of the great exodus, with its clash of landhorrew seeo t ne , whicn ki a , h white supremacy Hence presene th , t e Institute'issuth f eo s quarterly journal, Race Relations^ s beeha n devote articleo dt n so races s warrinit , g ideologies s sloit , w development would be maintained and preserved unchallenged. the Great Trek and its bearings on race relations, past, present, and future, in our country. toward inevitabln sa egreae doomth n ti traditios i , f no curtaie plae th An th o y ds nd begin goean p su o st Greek dramatragedya s i t I . minglina , horrorf go d san unroll before us. The contributors whose generous co-operation the Institute has been fortunate to secure, include represent- heroism recora , f higdo h resolve, stark endurancd ean atives of both the Afrikaans and the English-speaking sections of the White South African population, and one ultimate frustration—a theme which would have Act I shows the Trekkers taking leave of their outstanding leader of the Bantu peoples. Each has been left free to treat the topics in which he was invited to write, inspired an Aeschylus. homes and kindred. There is real tragedy here. In in the way which he thought best, and through the language medium of his own choice. The aim of the issue was I the I surprisee t yar Ac Mosilikatze'y db a bandsd an ; The stage is set on the eastern and north eastern described to the writers as a "twofold one, (1) to seek a better understanding end appreciation of the best qualities dangethiw ne s r forces the o munit t organized an e . of the Voortrekkers and the contributions they have made to our national life ; (2) to suggest the lines along which frontiers of the Cape Colony; the latter ravaged by a In the next Act they proceed to the fair land of Natal, succession of droughts, the former by the terrible in- harmonious race relation e developeb n e futurca th s n di e wit e regare besdu hth t o dt tradition Trek"e th f so . their Promised Land, althoug hsinistea r figure lurks roads of the Xhosas, which had reduced the Europeans Unfortunately, thre r foueo f thoso r e originally invited were alread o fullyto y engaged with contributions elsewhere ther threateo et n theiZule th ur V prospectsI t Ac n I . there to ruin and despair. The actors are the frontier in connection wit e Voortrekkehth r celebrations. Thi s possiblsha y resulte e absencth n di e fro e symposiumth m ogre strikes—terrible, shattering blows, under which farmers, who, like their ancestor hundrea r sfo d years, of point f vieso w which would have mad t eveei n more fully representative . thais t ni Trekkere th s reel. Disaster, massacr "weepingd an e " had been struggling incessantly to maintain themselves keynotee arth eScenese th f so . e pointth Eve f vie, o sso nw from whic e variouth h s contributors have writte e sufficientlar n y diverso et against wild beasts, and barbarous tribes.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Early History of South Africa
    THE EARLY HISTORY OF SOUTH AFRICA EVOLUTION OF AFRICAN SOCIETIES . .3 SOUTH AFRICA: THE EARLY INHABITANTS . .5 THE KHOISAN . .6 The San (Bushmen) . .6 The Khoikhoi (Hottentots) . .8 BLACK SETTLEMENT . .9 THE NGUNI . .9 The Xhosa . .10 The Zulu . .11 The Ndebele . .12 The Swazi . .13 THE SOTHO . .13 The Western Sotho . .14 The Southern Sotho . .14 The Northern Sotho (Bapedi) . .14 THE VENDA . .15 THE MASHANGANA-TSONGA . .15 THE MFECANE/DIFAQANE (Total war) Dingiswayo . .16 Shaka . .16 Dingane . .18 Mzilikazi . .19 Soshangane . .20 Mmantatise . .21 Sikonyela . .21 Moshweshwe . .22 Consequences of the Mfecane/Difaqane . .23 Page 1 EUROPEAN INTERESTS The Portuguese . .24 The British . .24 The Dutch . .25 The French . .25 THE SLAVES . .22 THE TREKBOERS (MIGRATING FARMERS) . .27 EUROPEAN OCCUPATIONS OF THE CAPE British Occupation (1795 - 1803) . .29 Batavian rule 1803 - 1806 . .29 Second British Occupation: 1806 . .31 British Governors . .32 Slagtersnek Rebellion . .32 The British Settlers 1820 . .32 THE GREAT TREK Causes of the Great Trek . .34 Different Trek groups . .35 Trichardt and Van Rensburg . .35 Andries Hendrik Potgieter . .35 Gerrit Maritz . .36 Piet Retief . .36 Piet Uys . .36 Voortrekkers in Zululand and Natal . .37 Voortrekker settlement in the Transvaal . .38 Voortrekker settlement in the Orange Free State . .39 THE DISCOVERY OF DIAMONDS AND GOLD . .41 Page 2 EVOLUTION OF AFRICAN SOCIETIES Humankind had its earliest origins in Africa The introduction of iron changed the African and the story of life in South Africa has continent irrevocably and was a large step proven to be a micro-study of life on the forwards in the development of the people.
    [Show full text]
  • Aesthetic-Theological Perspectives on the Monumentalisation of Religion1
    Scriptura 114 (2015:1), pp. 1-13 http://scriptura.journals.ac.za GOD IN GRANITE? AESTHETIC-THEOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES ON THE MONUMENTALISATION OF RELIGION1 Johan Cilliers Practical Theology and Missiology Stellenbosch University Abstract In this article an introductory look is taken at the phenomenon of the monumentalisation of religion, particularly in view of its imperial expressions. The history and religious meaning of the Voortrekker Monument, situated outside Pretoria in South Africa, is outlined briefly as a case in point, followed by a number of aesthetic-theological perspectives on the notion of the monumentalisation of religion, using the keywords as lenses. The article concludes with a reflection on an art work by Argentinian born artist/architect Tomás Saraceno, entitled: ‘On Space Time Foam’. Key Words: Remembrance; Time; Space; Movement The Monumentalisation of Religion The erecting of sites of remembrance and/or spaces for ritual and religious reflection has been part and parcel of humanity since the dawn of time. Phenomena such as for example the rock paintings of dancing Khoi-San in Southern Africa, or the depiction of people, animals and symbols in the caves at Lascaux, France, clearly indicate that people felt the need to express their religious experiences concretely, and also to leave traces of these experiences for generations to come. The arrangement of the hundreds of portrayals at Lascaux in the unmistakable form of a place of worship at the very least indicates that religion and aesthetic expressions thereof initially
    [Show full text]
  • 2001 Lecture
    THE JAMES BACKHOUSE LECTURE 2001 RECONCILING OPPOSITES: REFLECTIONS ON PEACEMAKING IN SOUTH AFRICA Hendrik W van der Merwe The James Backhouse Lectures The lectures were instituted by Australia Yearly Meeting of the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) on the its establishment of that Yearly Meeting in 1964. James Backhouse and his companion, George Washington Walker were English Friends who visited Australia from 1832 to 1838. They travelled widely, but spent most of their time in Tasmania. It was through their visit that Quaker Meetings were first established in Australia. Coming to Australia under a concern for the conditions of convicts, the two men had access to people with authority in the young colonies, and with influence in Britain, both in Parliament and in the social reform movement. In meticulous reports and personal letters, they made practical suggestions and urged legislative action on penal reform, on the rum trade, and on land rights and the treatment of Aborigines. James Backhouse was a general naturalist and a botanist. He made careful observations and published full accounts of what he saw, in addition to encouraging Friends in the colonies and following the deep concern that had brought him to Australia. Australian Friends hope that this series of Lectures will bring fresh insights into the Truth, and speak to the needs and aspirations of Australian Quakerism. This particular lecture was delivered in Melbourne on 8 January 2001, during the annual meeting of the Society. Colin Wendell-Smith Presiding Clerk Australia Yearly Meeting © Copyright 2001 by the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) in Australia Incorporated.
    [Show full text]
  • The Struggle for Self-Determination: a Comparative Study of Ethnicity and Nationalism Among the Quebecois and the Afrikaners
    The Struggle for Self-Determination: A Comparative Study of Ethnicity and Nationalism Among the Quebecois and the Afrikaners By: Allison Down This thesis is presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts at the University of Stellenbosch. Supervisor: Professor Simon B. Bekker Date Submitted: December, 1999 Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.za Declaration I, the undersigned hereby declare that the work contained in this thesis is my own original work and has not previously in its entirety or in part been submitted at any university for a degree. Signature Date Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.za Abstract This thesis examines the structural factors that precipitate the emergence of ethnicity and nationalism, with a special emphasis on ethno-Iinguistic identity. Nationalist momentum leading to self-determination is also addressed. A historical comparative study of the Quebecois of Canada and the Afrikaners of South Africa is presented. The ancestors of both the Quebecois and the Afrikaners left Europe (France and the Netherlands, respectively) to establish a new colony. Having disassociated themselves from their European homeland, they each developed a new, more relevant identity for themselves, one which was also vis-a-vis the indigenous population. Both cultures were marked by a rural agrarian existence, a high degree of religiosity, and a high level of Church involvement in the state. Then both were conquered by the British and expected to conform to the English-speaking order. This double-layer of colonialism proved to be a significant contributing factor to the ethnic identity and consciousness of the Quebecois and the Afrikaners, as they perceived a threat to their language and their cultural institutions.
    [Show full text]
  • 19Th Century Tragedy, Victory, and Divine Providence As the Foundations of an Afrikaner National Identity
    Georgia State University ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University History Theses Department of History Spring 5-7-2011 19th Century Tragedy, Victory, and Divine Providence as the Foundations of an Afrikaner National Identity Kevin W. Hudson Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/history_theses Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Hudson, Kevin W., "19th Century Tragedy, Victory, and Divine Providence as the Foundations of an Afrikaner National Identity." Thesis, Georgia State University, 2011. https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/history_theses/45 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of History at ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in History Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 19TH CENTURY TRAGEDY, VICTORY, AND DIVINE PROVIDENCE AS THE FOUNDATIONS OF AN AFRIKANER NATIONAL IDENTITY by KEVIN W. HUDSON Under the DireCtion of Dr. Mohammed Hassen Ali and Dr. Jared Poley ABSTRACT Apart from a sense of racial superiority, which was certainly not unique to white Cape colonists, what is clear is that at the turn of the nineteenth century, Afrikaners were a disparate group. Economically, geographically, educationally, and religiously they were by no means united. Hierarchies existed throughout all cross sections of society. There was little political consciousness and no sense of a nation. Yet by the end of the nineteenth century they had developed a distinct sense of nationalism, indeed of a volk [people; ethnicity] ordained by God. The objective of this thesis is to identify and analyze three key historical events, the emotional sentiments evoked by these nationalistic milestones, and the evolution of a unified Afrikaner identity that would ultimately be used to justify the abhorrent system of apartheid.
    [Show full text]
  • 20 the Vow (9 December 1838) A3
    20 The Vow (9 December 1838) A3 B2 C2 D N 20 The Vow 26 27 1 25 2 West wall (panel 24/31) 24 3 h. 2.3 × 2.28 m 4 23 Restored fractures on the vertical edges Sculptor of the clay maquette: Laurika Postma 22 5 Stages of production 21 A1 W.H. Coetzer, pencil drawing, retained only in A2 (April–June 1937) 6 A2 Reproduction of A1 (June 1937) 20 A3 W.H. Coetzer, revised pencil drawing A1, h. 13.4 × w. 15.4 cm 7 (after September 1937) 19 Annotations: ‘nog nie klaar’ (not yet finished) / ‘C Celliers moet op 8 18 Kanon wa staan’ (C Celliers must stand on cannon carriage) / 17 9 ‘Gelofte Danskraal’/ Vow Danskraal 16 10 B1 One-third-scale clay maquette, not extant but replicated in B2 (1942–43) 15 14 13 12 11 B2 One-third-scale plaster maquette, h. 72.5 × w. 81.5 × d. c. 8 cm (1942–43) 0 5 10 m C1 Full-scale wooden armature, not extant (1943–46) C2 Full-scale clay relief, not extant but photographed; replicated in C3 (1943–46) C3 Full-scale plaster relief (1943–46), not extant but illustrated (Die Volkstem, 10.9.1947); copied in D (1948–49) D Marble as installed in the Monument (1949) Early records SVK minutes (4.9.1937) ― item 4p (see below, ‘Developing the design’) Voorstelle – (5.12.1934?) ― item 17 ‘Laertoneel aan Bloedrivier. Die gelofte van Dingaansdag word afgelê. Hiervoor is verskeie suggesties voorradig, uit rolprent sowel as die simpatieke sketse van Henry Lea.
    [Show full text]
  • A Nation at Prayer, a Nation in Hate: Apartheid in South Africa Tamara Rice Lave University of Miami School of Law, [email protected]
    University of Miami Law School University of Miami School of Law Institutional Repository Articles Faculty and Deans 1994 A Nation at Prayer, a Nation in Hate: Apartheid in South Africa Tamara Rice Lave University of Miami School of Law, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.law.miami.edu/fac_articles Part of the Human Rights Law Commons, and the Law and Society Commons Recommended Citation Tamara Rice Lave, A Nation at Prayer, a Nation in Hate: Apartheid in South Africa 30 483 (1994). This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Faculty and Deans at University of Miami School of Law Institutional Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Articles by an authorized administrator of University of Miami School of Law Institutional Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Notes A Nation at Prayer, a Nation in Hate: Apartheid in South Africa TAMARA RICE LAVE* Daniel Malan, a minister of the Dutch Reformed Church (DRC)Q 1 and former Prime Minister of South Africa, declared in 1948:2 Our history is the greatest masterpiece of the centuries. We hold this nationhood as our due for it was given us by the Architect of the universe. [His] aim was the formation of a new nation among the nations of the world .... The last hundred years have witnessed a miracle behind which must lie a divine plan. Indeed, the history of the Afrikaner reveals a will and a determination which makes one feel that * J.D. candidate, 1995, Stanford Law School.
    [Show full text]
  • South Africa, De Voortrekkers and Come See the Bioscope Ilha Do Desterro: a Journal of English Language, Literatures in English and Cultural Studies, Núm
    Ilha do Desterro: A Journal of English Language, Literatures in English and Cultural Studies E-ISSN: 2175-8026 [email protected] Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Brasil Saks, Lucia A Tale of Two Nations: South Africa, De Voortrekkers and Come See the Bioscope Ilha do Desterro: A Journal of English Language, Literatures in English and Cultural Studies, núm. 61, julio-diciembre, 2011, pp. 137-187 Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Florianópolis, Brasil Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=478348699006 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-8026.2011n61p137 A TALE of Two Nations: South Africa, DE VOORTREKKERS AND COME SEE THE BIOSCOPE Lucia Saks University of Cape Town/University of Michigan Abstract: This paper examines two films, De Vootrekkers (1916) and Come See the Bioscope (1997), made at two moments of national crisis in South African history, the first at the beginning and the second at the end of the twentieth century. Both films speak to the historical moment of their production and offer very different visions of the nation and the necessity for reconciliation. Keywords: cinema, South Africa, national identity, post apartheid, reconciliation. (M)y knowledge of movies, pictures, or the idea of movie-making, was strongly linked to the identity of a nation. That’s why there is no French television, or Italian, or Brit- ish, or American television.
    [Show full text]
  • History of the Voortrekker Monumwent Tapestries
    ART. GENDER IDEOLOGY AND AFRIKANER NATIONALISM: A mSTORY OF THE VQORTREKKERVOORTREKKER MONUMENT TAPESTRIES University of Cape Town Liese van decWattder Watt Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts University of Cape Town January 1996 The copyright of this thesis vests in the author. No quotation from it or information derived from it is to be published without full acknowledgement of the source. The thesis is to be used for private study or non- commercial research purposes only. Published by the University of Cape Town (UCT) in terms of the non-exclusive license granted to UCT by the author. University of Cape Town ABSTRACT This dissertation considers the role both verbal and visual cultureplayed in the growth and articulation of Afrikanernationalism. For thisreasonit focuses notonly on the centraltopic underdiscussion, namely the Voortrekker tapestries, butalsoonthediscourses thatinformed the production of these tapestries and the circumstances surrounding the decision to commission them. The Voortrekker tapestries werecommissioned in 1952 by the Vrou-en Moederbeweging van die A1XV (Suid-Afrikaanse Spoorwee en Hawens) and presented to the Voortrekker Monument in 1960. It wasdecided that the tapestries should depict the GreatTrek of 1838 and, dueto his widely acclaimed statusas anauthorityon visual representations of Afrikaner history and culture, the artist WI! Coetzer was approached to be the designer of the tapestries. But Coelzer's version of the Great Trek of 1838 perpetuates many popular myths
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Chapter 1 Afrikaners in Natal Up
    University of Pretoria etd – Wassermann, J M (2005) 1 CHAPTER 1 AFRIKANERS IN NATAL UP TO THE OUTBREAK OF THE ANGLO-BOER WAR: EXPERIENCES AND ATTITUDES PREVALENT AT THE TIME By the late 1870s, Natal constituted the only European political entity in South Africa in which Afrikaners formed a minority group amongst the white inhabitants. This community was shaped by events spanning half a century which included: living under British rule in the Cape Colony, embarking on the Great Trek, experiencing strained relations and subsequent military engagements with the Zulu, marked especially by the Battle of Blood River on 16 December 1838, witnessing the creation of the Republic of Natalia and its subsequent annexation and destruction by the British after the Battle of Congella in 1843.1 The cycle was completed when Colonial rule was instituted in 18452 and the subsequent attempt in1847 by Natal Afrikaners to resurrect a republic, the Republic of Klip River, failed.3 The Afrikaners who remained in Natal throughout these events increased in number as immigrants from the Cape Colony joined them,4 and slowly evolved into a united community, trapped in an agrarian economy.5 Their socio-political world was characterised by complaints of preferential treatment afforded to Africans, and a lack of access to land. A predominant sense of injustice prevailed, exemplified by acts such as the execution of Hans Dons de Lange,6 and the community experienced a general feeling of disempowerment and unfair treatment under British rule. They had no voice to express their feelings of dissatisfaction since Dutch newspapers had not proved profitable,7 Dutch had become a marginalised language,8 and the Nederduits Gereformeerde Kerk or Dutch Reformed Church (hereafter DRC) which was caught up in a constant struggle for survival, both financially and in terms of recruiting members, lacked power.9 As a result, by the early 1870s, the Boshof(f) brothers, JN and JC, were the only Afrikaner members of the Natal Legislative 1.
    [Show full text]
  • South Africa, De Voortrekkers and Come See the Bioscope
    http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-8026.2011n61p137 A TALE of Two Nations: South Africa, DE VOORTREKKERS AND COME SEE THE BIOSCOPE Lucia Saks University of Cape Town/University of Michigan Abstract: This paper examines two films, De Vootrekkers (1916) and Come See the Bioscope (1997), made at two moments of national crisis in South African history, the first at the beginning and the second at the end of the twentieth century. Both films speak to the historical moment of their production and offer very different visions of the nation and the necessity for reconciliation. Keywords: cinema, South Africa, national identity, post apartheid, reconciliation. (M)y knowledge of movies, pictures, or the idea of movie-making, was strongly linked to the identity of a nation. That’s why there is no French television, or Italian, or Brit- ish, or American television. There can be only one television because its not related to nation. It’s related to finance or commerce. Movie mak- ing at the beginning was related to the identity of the nation and there have been very few ‘national’ Ilha do Desterro Florianópolis nº 61 p. 137- 187 jul/dez 2011 138 Lucia Saks, A Tale of Two Nations: South Africa... cinemas. In my opinion there is no Swedish cinema but there are Swed- ish moviemakers − some very good ones, such as Stiller and Bergman. There have only been a handful of cinemas: Italian, German, Ameri- can and Russian. This is because when countries were inventing and using motion pictures, they needed an image of themselves. The Rus- sian cinema arrived at a time they needed a new image.
    [Show full text]
  • The Great Trek Text.Indd
    Th e Great Trek UNCUT Escape from British Rule: Th e Boer Exodus from the Cape Colony, 1836 Robin Binckes 30° South Publishers (Pty) Ltd. Helion & Company Ltd. Contents List of maps 11 List of illustrations 12 Acknowledgements 14 Author’s note 15 Chapter 1: The Portuguese search for the land of milk and honey 17 San—Prester John—Batholomeu Dias—voyages of exploration— Khoikhoi—death of de Almeida Chapter 2: British flirtation with the Cape 33 Secret route—English East India Company—trade with the Khoikhoi— Core—the Cape as a penal colony—Britain claims the Cape— Harry—the Haarlem Chapter 3: Second chance for Van Riebeeck 45 Van Riebeeck arrives—starvation—Eva—slavery—Doman— free burghers—first Khoikhoi–Dutch war—Van Meerhof—Trekboers— the Castle—Van Qaelberg—French annexation and European wars— second Khoikhoi war Chapter 4: Reaching the land of the Xhosa 66 Simon van der Stel—establishment of law and order— exploring the interior—Stavenisse—land of the Xhosa—Rolihlahla Chapter 5: The birth of the Trekboers 78 French Huguenots—Khoikhoi wars—Klaas—Willem van der Stel— trade restrictions lifted—Trekboers—clash of the Xhosa and Trekboers— corruption and privilige—Adam Tas—rebellion—smallpox— commando system—660 men drown in Table Bay— death of Noordt—Chief Phalo—Barbier’s execution— loan farms—Tulbagh—Meermin—Van Plettenberg Chapter 6: Corruption and discontent 99 Trekboers move on—shoot to kill—Van Jaarsveld—tobacco massacre— First Frontier War—boundaries pushed—Xhosa resistance—Maynier— abandonement of farms—Coenraad de Buys—Second Frontier
    [Show full text]